急性低频感音神经性聋的短期临床疗效分析

目的探讨小剂量、短疗程皮质类固醇激素对急性低频感音神经性聋的疗效。方法选取28例(30耳)急性低频感音神经性聋患者作为研究对象,随机分为强的松治疗组16例(耳)与对照组12例(14耳),两组患者在口服等剂量强的松基础上,对照组加用血管扩张剂和神经营养剂治疗,1周后观察疗效。结果两组患者总有效率(完全恢复和部分恢复)为83.3%(25/30),总治愈率(完全恢复)46.7%(14/30);激素治疗组的有效率87.5%(14/16),治愈率50.0%(8/16),对照组有效率78.6%(11/14),治愈率42.9%(6/14),两组间的疗效比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论急性低频感音神经性聋的治疗有别于突发性耳聋,治疗上无需使用血管扩张剂及神经营养剂等,初始小剂量皮质类固醇激素治疗本病有效。     

单侧低频感音神经性聋：附40例分析

文中对40例单侧低频感音神经性聋患者进行分析,发现患者主诉中有耳鸣的最多(87.5%)、耳聋次(75%)、眩晕和耳闷者各为35%及25%.纯音测听均为低频感音神经性聋,其低频与高频听阈均值之差为26.32 dB.40例中36例听性脑干反应正常.并讨论了产生低频感音神经性聋可能的原因,耳鸣、低频听力损害与内淋巴积水的关系,并提出对低频感音神经性自应有统一的划定标准.     

急性低频下降型感音神经性听力损失

低频下降型感音神经性聋通常出现在Meniere病的早期阶段,但也可能由其它许多疾病引起,例如突发性聋、听觉神经病（auditory neuropathy)、前地水管扩大、听神经瘤、噪声性聋、持久的外淋巴造的内淋巴积水等。1982年Abe报道了39例突发性的低频下降型感音神经性聋,急性发病,不伴眩晕,所报道的全部病例听力完全恢复,没有波动和复发,所以最初认为这是一种低频下降型的突发性聋,但是后来的临床观察发现一些患者确实可以出现听力波动和复发,偶尔也出现眩晕。经过临床逐步总结和研究,这类病症被认为是一种独立的疾病,现在被称为急性低频感音神经性耳聋（acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss,ALHL)。     

低频感音神经性聋患者的内耳免疫学探讨

目的 测定抗内耳自身抗体,以研究低频感音神经性耳聋患者与内耳免疫的相关性。方法 通过临床详细询问病史、纯音测听、声导抗测试及ABR测试,选择低频感音神经性聋患者30例做为研究对象。以豚鼠内耳石蜡切片作为抗原,用间接免疫荧光法检测患者血清中的抗内耳抗体。结果 30例患者中有26例血清中抗内耳抗体阳性,阳性率为86.67%,P<0.01有极显著性差异;低频感音神经性聋在青少年组(≤25岁)和女性组呈高发,阳性率均为63.33％(19／30),P<0.05有显著性差异;低频感音神经性聋多为双侧耳聋,少数为单侧耳聋,双侧耳聋阳性率为86.67%(26／30),P<0.01有极显著性差异。结论 自身免疫反应参与了低频感音神经性聋的发病过程;低频感音神经聋与年龄和性别有关;低频感音神经性聋发病多为双侧聋;同时检测患者血清ⅠgM和ⅠgG内耳抗体,可协助诊断。     

既往存在感音神经性听力损失突发性聋患者临床特征与疗效分析

目的探讨既往存在感音神经性听力损失突发性聋患者临床特征与疗效。方法对61例(63耳)既往存在感音神经性听力损失突发性聋患者的临床资料进行系统性分析,包括临床表现、疗效评估等,与同期收入院的既往不存在感音神经性听力损失突发性聋患者资料对比,分析发病和影响疗效的高危因素,总结该病发生、发展及预后的特点。结果既往存在和不存在感音神经性听力损失突聋患者的性别、现患耳侧别、病程差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05),发病年龄差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。既往存在和不存在感音神经性听力损失突聋患者的听力曲线类型、听力损失程度差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05),既往存在感音神经性听力损失突聋患者总有效率低于既往不存在感音神经性听力损失突聋患者总有效率,差异有显著统计学意义(χ²=6.915,P=0.009),既往存在感音神经性听力损失突聋患者痊愈率低于既往不存在感音神经性听力损失突聋患者痊愈率,差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.221,P=0.638)。结论既往存在感音神经性听力损失突聋患者病因复杂,疗效较差,应加大研究制定个性化的诊疗方案。     

儿童突发性感音神经性听力损失的诊治体会

对18例20耳8～14岁突发性感音神经性听力损失患儿的临床资料进行了总结和分析,结果表明儿童突发性感音神经性听力损失发病与首诊之间病程较长,部分患儿有上感、流行性腮腺炎病史,可能和听力损失发生有关.儿童突发性感音神经性听力损失治疗效果类似于成人患者,而全聋者疗效差.东菱克栓酶同样适于治疗儿童突发性感音神经性听力损失且疗效和安全性较好,无明显的出血倾向和其它并发症.     

急性低频感音神经性聋预后相关因素研究进展

急性低频感音神经性聋指急性发作的感音神经性听力损失, 以低频听力下降为主, 可伴自听增强、耳鸣及耳闷胀感, 多不伴眩晕及眼震。目前, 对急性低频感音神经性聋的基础研究和临床分析之结果各有所见。本文就性别、年龄、病程、伴随症状、听力学检查、治疗方法、基础疾病与生活事件对急性低频感音神经性聋预后的影响进行文献综述, 供临床参考及应用。     

60例急性低频感音神经性聋临床疗效分析

目的 探讨急性低频下降型感音神经性听力损失(ALHL)的良好治疗方法.方法 60例急性低频下降型感音神经性耳聋患者,随机分为两组,即对照组和地塞米松组,各30例.对照组患者均给予金钠多注射液等常规治疗10天,地塞米松组患者在对照组用药的基础上加用地塞米松,同样治疗10天,观察两组患者的临床疗效.结果 对照组和地塞米松组治疗后低频平均听阈均有显著改善(均P<0.05),而高频平均听阈治疗前后均明显变化(P>0.05),地塞米松组治疗后高频平均听阈优于对照组(P<0.05).地塞米松组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05).结论 地塞米松联合金钠多治疗急性低频感音神经性聋临床疗效良好,建议临床推广.     

针灸治疗感音神经性聋的文献评述

目的：分析了解国内对针灸治疗感音神经性聋的研究状况。方法检索获得2002年1月～2011年12月有关针灸治疗感音神经性聋的文献141篇,进行分析评价。结果动物实验研究11篇,占7.80%,临床研究130篇,占92.20%,其中临床描述性研究51篇,占36.17%,病例对照研究79篇,占56.03%。临床研究病种主要为突发性聋,占66.92%,治疗方法主要为针刺治疗,多数文献有明确的诊断标准及疗效标准,只有5篇文献提到随访。结论针灸治疗感音神经性聋属于快速发展阶段,但其疗效有待高质量试验进一步证实。     

感音神经性聋高频听力易损机制

感音神经性聋是临床常见的疾病,包括噪声性聋、老年性聋、药物性聋、突发性聋等。感音神经性聋多以高频听力损失为主要表现,或由高频听力下降开始（Cole,1988;Mur-phy,1991）。以往人们对高频听力损失的认识比较局限,为何感音神经性聋高频听力比低频更容易受损,并没有明确的结论,本文就感音神经性聋高频听力损失的原因和机理做一综述,以期为采取合适的预防和治疗方案提供依据。     

急性低频感音神经性听力损失的听力学检查特征及意义

目的明确各项听力学检查在急性低频感音神经性听力损失诊断及研究中的意义,以指导该病的诊断和治疗。方法对2008年7月至2010年5月在本科就诊的急性低频感音神经性听力损失患者的临床听力学检查进行了回顾性分析。结果在所有15例患者中有9人(60.0%)有明显诱发因素。在随访期间,有8例(53.3%)出现复发。男女两性无诱发因素和复发率差异。8例患者进行了耳蜗电图的检查,有5例(62.5%)-SP/AP(总合电位/动作电位)检查异常。结论纯音测听、耳蜗电图、DPOAE(畸变产物耳声发射)、ABR(听性脑干电位)在急性低频感音神经性听力损失诊断及研究中意义较大。其发病很可能与生活压力事件相关,病因可能是膜迷路积水、自身免疫性机制和自主神经功能紊乱等因素的综合作用。     

急性低频下降型感音神经性听力损失的临床研究

目的：研究急性低频下降型感音神经性听力损失（ALHL）的病因、诊断和治疗方法。方法：选择55例ALHL患者为研究对象,经详细询问病史和耳专科检查后,行纯音测听,声导抗测听和听性脑干反应（ABR）,随机分为泼尼松组和对照组治疗,疗程结束后随访6个月。结果：两组患者多以青年为主,主要症状为耳闷,低音调耳鸣和听力减退,耳科检查无殊。所有患者（55例58耳）纯音听阈示轻到中度低频感音神经性聋,鼓室导抗图“A”型,49耳镫骨肌反射引出,其中40耳Metz试验阳性。受检的45耳中ABR均正常。治疗后泼尼松组效果优于对照组（P〈O．05）。结论：ALHL以突发的低音调耳鸣,听力减退和耳闷为主要表现,常单耳发病,听力学定位诊断提示为蜗性病变,仅累及低频区。本病对皮质类固醇激素有一定的治疗效果。     

Acute sensorineural hearing loss in 277 outpatient cases]

Subjects were 227 patients with acute sensorineural hearing loss of 17,146 patients seen at our ear, nose, and throat (E.N.T.) outpatient clinic from October 1994 through September 2000. Of these, 45 suffered from profound and moderate idiopathic sudden hearing loss diagnosed when the arithmetical mean of hearing thresholds at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 KHz was 40 dB or worse. Of the 30 patients whose medical treatment was started within 7 days of onset, 18 (60%) showed excellent or complete recovery of hearing, whereas none of the 15 whose treatment was started 8 days or late after onset showed satisfactory improvement. In general, the sooner treatment was started, the better hearing recovered. Idiopathic acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss was found in 111 (49%) patients with a female preponderance at a M:F ratio of 1:2.3, but no gender difference was seen in other diseases. The most common symptom was a feeling of pressure or fullness in the affected ear. Only 16% of patients were aware of their hearing disturbance. Some 73 (66%) showed complete recovery. Meniere's disease was diagnosed in 13, in whom hearing improved in only 2 (15%). Probable Meniere's disease was diagnosed in 9 patients who had 1 definitive episode of vertigo with low-tone sensorineural hearing loss, and their prognosis was good. The prognosis in 7 patients with hearing loss due to acoustic trauma and 1 with psychogenic hearing loss was good, but normal hearing was not restored in 1 with mumps or 1 with acoustic neurinoma. A patient with diabetic nephropathy had low-tone hearing loss and nystagmus toward the affected ear. Attacks of vertigo were controlled by diuretic therapy, but hearing recovery occurred by a little less than 10 dB. Some 35 patients had mild idiopathic hearing loss and prognosis was relatively good. Hearing was disturbed after head injury in 2 and after nose blowing in 1, probably attributable to concussion of the labyrinth or the formation of a perilymphatic fistula. The diagnosis of this condition could not be made with certainty by surgical exploration of the ear.     

Dehydration therapy in low tone hearing loss. An alternative to rheologic therapy?

Patients with acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss were treated by rheology or dehydration after recording of the summation and compound action potentials by electrocochleography. Patients treated in the acute phase, as well as patients with chronic disease (that is the interval between onset of hearing loss and therapy was more than 1 week) clearly responded better to dehydration than to conventional rheological treatment. This was especially striking in those patients showing an enhanced SP/AP ratio indicating endolymphatic hydrops.     

Analysis of audio-vestibular assessment in acute low-tone hearing loss

Conclusion This study demonstrated excellent hearing recovery following the combined treatment of diuretic and oral steroid, and electrocochleography (ECoG) was significantly higher than normal side. This study reports characteristics of acute low-tone hearing loss (ALHL) that show the greater low-tone hearing loss, the higher ECoG, and excellent recovery, even-though low-tone hearing loss is worse, which can be different compared with sudden deafness. Objective To analyze ALHL without vertigo, this study compared the ALHL group with all patients exhibiting low-tone hearing loss and ear fullness. Hearing changes and vestibular functions were analyzed. Materials and methods ALHL was defined as a mean hearing loss of?≥?30?dB at 125, 250, and 500?Hz, and?≤?20?dB at 2, 4, and 8?kHz. From 156 cases of low-tone hearing loss of more than 10?dB without vertigo, 31 met the ALHL criteria and were subjected to audio-vestibular assessments including PTA, ECoG, vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) testing, and caloric testing. Results In ALHL, low-tone hearing loss was 42.7?±?9.5?dB, and 83.9% of ALHL significantly recovered by more than 10?dB. The ECoG in ALHL was 0.334?±?0.11 (higher than 0.25?±?0.08 on the normal side) and ECoG abnormality was 35.5% (the greater low-tone hearing loss, the higher ECoG value).     

Personal factors involved in onset or progression of Ménière's disease and low-tone sensorineural hearing loss

PURPOSE: To identify personal causative factors for Ménière's disease. PROCEDURES: Patterns of hearing loss progression were studied in patients with Ménière's disease and low-tone sensorineural hearing loss, and the involvement of stress and the relation of stressors to the onset or progression of the disease were analyzed. RESULTS: Low-tone loss recurred in 40% of patients even after hearing was restored, and low-tone loss progressed to high-tone loss after frequent repetitions of recovery and recurrence. High-tone loss tended to proceed to all-tone loss. Eighty percent of patients reported that stress was involved or deeply involved in the onset or progression of the disease. Common causative stressors were business-related pressure, insufficient sleep, and troubles at the workplace or at home. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings indicate that recovery and recurrence may be influenced by the strength and duration of stress that is produced when patients do not feel rewarded for engrossment in their work or for self-inhibiting behaviors.     

Effect of corticosteroids or diuretics in low-tone sensorineural hearing loss

OBJECTIVES: We retrospectively analyzed 225 patients with acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss (ALSHL), comparing the effectiveness of corticosteroid and diuretic therapy, and also determining the factors affecting hearing recovery. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical record review. METHODS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Analyses identified unfavorable factors such as aging, late initiation of treatment, and pretreatment pure-tone hearing thresholds at three lower frequencies adding up to 95 dB and more. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated a significantly greater improvement in hearing in patients treated with corticosteroids at high initial and total doses than in those treated with vitamin B12 and ATP without adding corticosteroids. In 145 patients treated with corticosteroids, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a trend toward greater improvement with high initial and total doses than with low doses. CONCLUSION: Corticosteroids should be changed from low to high doses within 7 days after onset of ALSHL, if low doses are failing.     

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss: a comparison of the results of a nationwide epidemiological survey in Japan

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), and acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss (ALHL) using the results of a nationwide survey database in Japan and to analyze the variables associated with their clinical features and the severity of hearing impairment, treatment, and prognosis.

Methods: Participants were patients registered between April 2014 and March 2016 in a multicenter epidemiological survey database involving 30 university hospitals and medical centers across Japan. Statistical analysis was performed to clarify the factors associated with their clinical characteristics and the severity of hearing impairment, treatment, and prognosis.

Results: Idiopathic SSNHL and ALHL differed significantly in terms of male-to-female ratio, age distribution, and time from onset to start of treatment. The treatment methods and hearing prognosis also differed markedly between the two diseases. A majority (92%) of idiopathic SSNHL patients were administered some type of corticosteroid, while half of the ALHL patients received corticosteroids and a diuretic agent.

Conclusion: The results suggested that idiopathic SSNHL and ALHL belonged to different categories of inner ear disease.     

急性低频感音神经性听力损失的临床研究

目的　探讨急性低频感音神经性听力损失(acutelow tonesensorineuralhearingloss,ALHL)的病因病理、临床特点和诊治方法。方法　选择30例ALHL患者为研究对象,在详细采集病史和耳科检查的基础上,行系统的听力学检测,包括纯音测听、声导抗测试、听性脑干反应(auditorybrainstemresponse, ABR)和耳声发射(otoacousticemissions,OAE)。所有患者接受为期15天的皮质类固醇激素试验性治疗,疗程结束后随访6~14个月(平均10 2个月)。结果　本组患者以青年为主,临床主诉多为低音调耳鸣、耳闷和听力下降,耳科检查未见异常。所有患者(30例31耳)纯音测听显示轻到中度的低频感音神经性听力损失;鼓室图呈“A”型, 26耳引出镫骨肌声反射,其中14耳Metz试验阳性。受检的20耳中,ABR均正常;初诊时14耳瞬态诱发性耳声发射未通过,畸变产物耳声发射听力图表现为0 .5及0 .75kHz两个频率点上异常。经激素治疗后, 24耳听力完全恢复, 4耳部分恢复, 3耳无变化,总有效率90. 3%。结论　ALHL以突发的低音调耳鸣、听力下降和耳闷为主要表现,常单耳发病,听力学定位诊断提示为蜗性病变,仅累及低频区。本病尚无特效疗法,皮质类固醇激素可能是一种有希望的治疗药物。     

Magnesium treatment for sudden hearing loss

Magnesium treatment has been repeatedly shown to reduce the incidence of both temporary and permanent noise-induced hearing loss. We hypothesized that it might also improve the permanent threshold shift in patients with acute-onset hearing loss. In a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 28 patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss were treated with either steroids and oral magnesium (study group) or steroids and a placebo (control group). Compared to the controls, the magnesium-treated group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with improved hearing (>10 dB hearing level) across all frequencies tested, and a significantly greater mean improvement in all frequencies. Analysis of the individual data confirmed that more patients treated with magnesium experienced hearing improvement, and at a larger magnitude, than control subjects. Magnesium is a relatively safe and convenient adjunct to steroid treatment for enhancing the improvement in hearing, especially in the low-tone range, in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.