芍药甙对人肝癌细胞株Bel—7402增殖的影响

目的：研究芍药甙对人肝癌细胞株Bel-7402增殖的影响。方法：采用人肝癌细胞株Bcl-7402和细胞药理学方法、对比观察3种措施（阴性无药对照、阳性阿霉素对照及芍药甙）对Bel-7402细胞增殖的影响。结果：芍药甙（2mgml,1mg/ml,0.5mg/ml)对Bel-7402细胞增殖均有显著性抑制作用（均P＜0．01），其抑制率分别为33．78％、22．22％和11．56％；增殖抑制作用随药物浓度增高而加强，呈显著的量效关系。结论：芍药甙对人肝癌细胞株Bel-7402增殖有一定的抑制作用。     

花姜酮对胰腺癌PANC1细胞株增殖和凋亡的影响

目的 探讨花姜酮对胰腺癌PANC1细胞增殖和凋亡的影响,探讨其作用机制.方法 应用3.75、7.5、15、30、60μg/ml的花姜酮处理PANC1细胞,以未处理细胞作为对照.CCK-8法检测细胞增殖抑制率,Hoechst33342染色观察细胞形态,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,Western blotting法检测细胞磷酸化STAT1(p-STAT1)、Bax和Bcl-2蛋白的表达.结果 花姜酮呈时间-剂量依赖性抑制PANC1细胞的生长,15 μg/ml花姜酮作用48 h后,细胞增殖抑制率达(72.8±2.72)%,并可观察到典型的细胞凋亡形态学改变,细胞凋亡率达14.2%;同时,PANC1细胞p-STAT1和Bax蛋白表达明显增加(0.654±0.048对0.074±0.011,0.577±0.044对0.218±0.027,P＜0.05),Bcl-2蛋白表达明显下降(0.162±0.029对0.459±0.034,P＜0.05).结论 花姜酮可能通过上调STAT1活性,升高Bax/Bcl-2比率,从而诱导PANC1细胞的凋亡和抑制细胞增殖.     

高浓度葡萄糖对牛视网膜血管周细胞凋亡及凋亡调节基因表达的影响

目的 研究不同浓度葡萄糖培养条件对牛视网膜血管周细胞凋亡及凋亡调节基因Bel-2、Bax表达的影响,探讨Bcl-2、Bax对周细胞凋亡的调控.方法 在体外培养第3代近融合的视网膜血管周细胞中加入不同浓度的葡萄糖(5.5 mmol/L、15.0 mmol/L、25.0 mmol/L和35.0mmol/L)孵育6 d后,应用MTT方法检测高糖下牛视网膜周细胞增殖情况,TUNEL法特异性标记凋亡细胞,免疫组化染色法和RT-PCR测定Bcl-2、Bax基因的表达. 结果 周细胞在高浓度葡萄糖培养下,细胞增殖受抑制,呈现出典型的细胞凋亡特征,凋亡率分别为(28.4±0.8)%、(40.4±0.9)%与(50.2±0.6)%.高浓度葡萄糖培养呈剂量依赖性促周细胞凋亡(r=0.959,P＜0.01)和凋亡调节基因Bax的表达(蛋白水平r=0.966,P＜0.01;mNRA水平r=0.874,P＜0.01)及抑制凋亡调节基因Bcl-2的表达(蛋白水平r=-0.964,P＜0.01;mNRA水平r=-0.912,P＜0.01);周细胞的凋亡率与Bax/Bcl-2比率呈正相关(r=0.810,P＜0.01).结论 高浓度葡萄糖培养以剂量依赖的方式促进周细胞凋亡,Bcl-2、Bax基因表达的改变参与了细胞凋亡的调控.     

葛根粗提物、葛根素对肺癌H446细胞增殖的抑制作用及其机制

目的 观察葛根粗提物(CP)和葛根素纯品(SP)对小细胞肺癌H446细胞增殖的影响,并探讨其机制.方法 用含不同浓度的SP和CP培养H446细胞,用MTT法检测细胞生长抑制率.用流式细胞术检测细胞周期和凋亡率、细胞免疫化学技术检测Bel-2和Bax蛋白.另设空白对照组和溶剂对照组.结果 CP作用72 h的半数抑制浓度(ICSO)为435μg/ml,SP为1 403μg/ml.此浓度作用72 h,细胞凋亡率分别为14.71%和2.61%,两组相比P<0.05;G0/G1期细胞构成比分别为79.20%和72.20%,G2/M期细胞构成比分别为8.94%和10.50%,与对照组相比P均<0.05;CP作用于H446细胞后,细胞内Bel-2蛋白表达量降低,Bax的蛋白表达量增加,与对照组相比P均<0.05.结论 SP和CP对小细胞肺癌H446细胞具有增殖抑制作用,呈浓度相关性;SP和CP可诱导细胞凋亡且CP强于SP,其机制可能与阻滞细胞周期于G0/G1期、上调Bax表达、下调Bel-2表达有关.     

抗纤软肝颗粒对肝星状细胞凋亡的影响

探讨抗纤软肝颗粒对肝星状细胞(HSC)凋亡的影响.方法:传代培养的大鼠肝星状细胞系HSC-T6与中药复方抗纤软肝颗粒(终浓度为5mg/ml、2.5mg/ml、1.25mg/ml)及药物血清(5%、10%、20%)共同培养48小时后,应用TUNEL法及流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡、免疫组化检测Bcl-2/Bax.结果:TUNEL法及流式细胞仪测定结果显示抗纤软肝颗粒药物及含药血清均可诱导HSC凋亡(P＜0.05);并能下调凋亡抑制分子Bcl-2,上调促凋亡分子Bax(P＜0.01).结论:抗纤软肝颗粒可下调Bcl-2/Bax比率,以增加细胞对凋亡的敏感性,从而促进HSC凋亡.     

黄芩苷诱导人肝癌HepG-2细胞凋亡作用观察

目的研究黄芩苷对人肝癌HepG-2细胞凋亡的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法以不同浓度的黄芩苷与人肝癌HepG-2细胞共同培养,采用MTT法测定细胞增殖抑制率;采用Hoechst33258/PI染色法在荧光显微镜下观察凋亡细胞形态学变化;采用TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡率;采用Western blot法检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白Caspase-9、Caspase-3和Bcl-2表达的变化。结果在25~100μg/ml的药物浓度作用下,细胞增殖被抑制。药物浓度在50μg/ml下作用48h,细胞抑制率达50.63%,药物浓度在75μg/ml下作用48h细胞,抑制率达77.62%。抑制率呈浓度和时间依赖性;药物浓度在50μg/ml时作用48h,可见HepG-2细胞皱缩、细胞核碎裂成碎片,呈现典型的凋亡改变;随着黄芩苷作用浓度的增加,细胞凋亡率增高(P<0.05);随药物浓度的增加,Caspase-9和Caspase-3蛋白表达量呈增加趋势,而Bcl-2表达减少。结论黄芩苷能通过诱导细胞凋亡进而抑制人肝癌细胞增殖,其诱导凋亡机制可能与线粒体通路有关。     

姜黄素对人子宫肌瘤细胞增殖、凋亡的影响及机制探讨

目的观察姜黄素对人子宫肌瘤细胞增殖和凋亡的影响,并探讨其机制。方法将对数生长期的人子宫肌瘤细胞分为两组,观察组加入终浓度分别为10、50、100μmol/L的姜黄素,对照组加入1‰的二甲基亚砜(DM-SO),分别于培养12、24、48、72 h后,采用MTT法测算细胞增殖抑制率,用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率。将对数生长期的细胞随机分为3组,A组加入终浓度100μmol/L的姜黄素,B组加入100μmol/L的线粒体ATP敏感钾通道开放剂二氮嗪及100μmol/L的姜黄素,C组加500μmol/L的线粒体ATP敏感钾通道阻断剂5-羟基癸酸脱氢酶(5-HD)及100μmol/L的姜黄素;培养48 h后,分别采用MTT法和流式细胞仪测算细胞增殖抑制率和凋亡率。结果随着姜黄素浓度的增加和作用时间的延长,细胞增殖抑制率逐渐减低(P均<0.05),而细胞凋亡率逐渐增加(P均<0.05)。A组细胞增殖抑制率和凋亡率分别为75.65%±9.42%、41.82%±6.12%,B组分别为17.66%±2.45%、32.46%±6.71%,C组分别为40.67%±5.46%、74.42%±8.47%,B组与A、C组比较,P均<0.05。结论姜黄素可抑制人子宫肌瘤细胞增殖并促进其凋亡,该作用可能与姜黄素抑制线粒体ATP敏感钾通道有关。     

姜黄素抗人肺腺癌A549/DDP细胞增殖及诱导凋亡的作用

目的 研究姜黄素对人肺腺癌A549/DDP细胞增殖的抑制作用及其对细胞凋亡的影响.方法 采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)测定细胞对顺铂的敏感性和姜黄素对细胞增殖的抑制作用;倒置相差显微镜和荧光显微镜下观察细胞形态学的变化;应用原位末端标记(TUNEL)染色及流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况;以Western blot分析凋亡相关蛋白表达变化.结果 实验中所用的A549/DDP细胞对顺铂耐药,耐药指数为10.82.姜黄素对A549及A549/DDP细胞增殖均有抑制作用,并且呈时间、浓度依赖性(P＜0.05),对两细胞株的半数抑制浓度分别为16.28/μmol/L和18.06μmol/L,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).姜黄素处理A549/DDP细胞后,细胞变形、缩小、脱落.Hoechst染色显示A549/DDP细胞核缩小、变形,致密浓染,荧光成团块分布.TUNEL法以及流式细胞仪分析结果示细胞凋亡率呈明显剂量依赖关系(P＜0.05).Western blot结果显示,随姜黄素浓度的增加,天冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶8(cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-8,caspase-8)p10蛋白水平增加.结论 A549/DDP细胞对姜黄素无抗药性,姜黄素对人肺腺癌A549/DDP细胞增殖具有抑制作用,并能诱导细胞凋亡.caspase-8的活化是其中的机制之一.     

葛根素对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖及凋亡的影响

目的探讨葛根素对乳腺癌细胞株(MCF-7)细胞增殖及凋亡的影响。方法采用终浓度为0、20、50、100、200μg/ml葛根素处理对数生长期的MCF-7细胞,四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法检测各浓度的增殖抑制率,Annexin V-FITC/PI双染流式细胞术及Hoechst染色检测细胞早晚期凋亡率及凋亡指数,碘化丙啶(PI)单染流式细胞术检测细胞周期,免疫印迹法检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax和Cleaved caspase-3的表达。结果葛根素可提高MCF-7细胞的增殖抑制率,此效应呈现剂量和时间依赖性,且除24 h 20μg/ml外,其余浓度及作用时间的增殖抑制率均高于0μg/ml(P0.05);不同浓度葛根素处理48 h后的早期、晚期凋亡率、细胞凋亡指数、G0/G1期细胞比例、凋亡促进基因Bax和Cleaved caspase-3水平升高,而S期、G2/M期细胞比例、凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2水平降低(P0.05)。结论葛根素可抑制乳腺癌细胞MCF-7细胞增殖,促进其凋亡和细胞周期阻滞,该作用可能与提高凋亡促进蛋白表达、降低凋亡抑制蛋白表达有关。     

FTY720对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖及Bax/Bcl-2基因表达的影响

目的探讨FTY720对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖及Bax/Bcl-2基因表达的影响。方法 FTY720作用人乳腺癌细胞29 h,观察细胞形态,应用Western印迹检测细胞Bax/Bcl-2基因表达;FTY720作用人乳腺癌细胞48 h,应用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞增殖抑制率,通过流式细胞术(FCM)检测细胞周期、凋亡率。结果镜下可见FTY720作用组细胞生长不良;MTT法检测到该细胞的增殖受到不同程度的抑制,当FTY720浓度为6 400 ng/ml时,体外培养MCF-7细胞抑制率为62.0%,抑制率呈浓度依赖性(P0.05);流式细胞术检测分析显示,FTY720可将该细胞周期阻滞于G1期,细胞凋亡率也较对照组明显增加(P0.05);Western印迹法检测分析显示,实验组细胞中Bax/Bcl-2蛋白表达水平比值均较对照组明显增高(P0.01)。结论一定浓度的FTY720可抑制人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖,诱导其发生凋亡,激活细胞凋亡基因Bax、抑制原癌基因Bcl-2表达。     

Large Lipomatous Hypertrophy of the Interventricular Septum

We present the case of a 58-year-old woman who had large lipomatous hypertrophy of the interventricular septum, a condition that is reported very infrequently. Preoperative cardiac magnetic resonance images revealed an inhomogeneous, infiltrating mass that was suppressed in fat-suppression mode. The extensive mass was causing right ventricular dysfunction, so we excised it through a right ventricular approach. The findings on histologic analysis of the mass were consistent with lipomatous hypertrophy. The patient died of septic shock on the 28th postoperative day. In addition to the patient''s case, we discuss the characteristics and diagnosis of this rare entity.     

Conservative Management of Cardiac Hemangioma for 11 Years

Cardiac hemangiomas are benign tumors with an unpredictable natural history. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice; however, conservative management can be an alternative in some patients.We report a case of a left-sided cardiac hemangioma that we managed conservatively for 11 years without obvious major complications in the patient, an adult woman.     

Resolution of Right-Sided Heart Failure Symptoms after Resection of a Primary Ovarian Carcinoid Tumor

Carcinoid tumors are rare neuroendocrine malignancies that typically originate from the gastrointestinal tract. Patients who are diagnosed with carcinoid heart disease generally have poor prognoses because of advanced metastases during staging and few therapeutic options. We present the case of a 61-year-old woman with right-sided heart failure, secondary to carcinoid heart disease caused by a primary ovarian carcinoid tumor. After undergoing surgical resection of the left ovary and fallopian tube, the patient experienced complete resolution of her heart failure symptoms. In addition to the patient''s case, we discuss the diagnosis, nature, and treatment of this rare condition.     

Cardiac Sarcoidosis Presenting as Constrictive Pericarditis

In patients with cardiac sarcoidosis, the sarcoid granulomas usually involve the myocardium or endocardium. The disease typically presents as heart failure with ventricular arrhythmias, conduction disturbances, or both. Constrictive pericarditis has rarely been described in patients with sarcoidosis: we found only 2 reports of this association.We report the case of a 57-year-old man who presented with clinical and hemodynamic features of constrictive pericarditis, of unclear cause. He was admitted for treatment of recurrent pleural effusion. After a complicated hospital course, he underwent pericardiectomy. His clinical and hemodynamic conditions improved substantially, and he was discharged from the hospital in good condition. The pathologic findings, the patient''s clinical course, and his response to pericardiectomy led to our diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis presenting as constrictive pericarditis. In addition to the patient''s case, we discuss the nature and diagnostic challenges of cardiac sarcoidosis. Increased awareness of this disease is necessary for its early detection, appropriate management, and potential cure.     

Prompt Recognition of Left Ventricular Free-Wall Rupture Aided by the Use of Contrast Echocardiography

In the modern period of reperfusion, left ventricular free-wall rupture occurs in less than 1% of myocardial infarctions. Typically, acute left ventricular free-wall rupture leads to sudden death from immediate cardiac tamponade. We present the case of a 59-year-old woman who sustained a posterior-wall myocardial infarction and subsequent cardiac arrest with pulseless electrical activity. A bedside transthoracic echocardiogram showed pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade. Emergency pericardiocentesis yielded 500 mL of blood, and spontaneous circulation returned. Contrast-enhanced echocardiograms revealed inferolateral akinesis and a new, small myocardial slit with systolic extrusion of contrast medium, consistent with left ventricular free-wall rupture. During immediate open-heart surgery, a small hole in an area of necrotic tissue was discovered and repaired. This case highlights the usefulness of bedside contrast-enhanced echocardiography in confirming acute left ventricular free-wall rupture and enabling rapid surgical treatment.     

Benefits and Limitations of Multimodality Imaging in the Diagnosis of a Primary Cardiac Lymphoma

Primary cardiac tumors are far rarer than tumors metastatic to the heart. Angiosarcoma is the primary cardiac neoplasm most frequently detected; lymphomas constitute only 1% of primary cardiac tumors.We present the case of a 55-year-old woman with a recently diagnosed intracardiac mass who was referred to our institution for consideration of urgent orthotopic heart transplantation. Initial images suggested an angiosarcoma; however, a biopsy specimen of the mass was diagnostic for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The patient underwent chemotherapy rather than surgery, and she was asymptomatic 34 months later.We use our patient''s case to discuss the benefits and limitations of multiple imaging methods in the evaluation of cardiac masses. Certain features revealed by computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and positron emission tomography can suggest a diagnosis of angiosarcoma rather than lymphoma. Cardiac magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography enable reliable distinction between benign and malignant tumors; however, the characteristics of different malignant tumors can overlap. Despite the great usefulness of multiple imaging methods for timely diagnosis, defining the extent of spread and the hemodynamic impact, and monitoring responses to treatment, we think that biopsy analysis is still warranted in order to obtain a correct histologic diagnosis in cases of suspected malignant cardiac tumors.     

肝硬变腹水患者钾钠氯及酸碱失衡

目的研究肝硬变腹水患者的钾、钠、氯及酸碱失衡。方法肝硬变腹水患者１５４例，血Ｋ＋、Ｎａ＋、Ｃｌ－测定采用ＥＥＬ公司自动分析仪及火焰光度计。血气及酸碱度测定采用ＩＬ１３０２型自动微机分析仪。结果低血钾者５７例，高血钾者６例，低血钠者８１例，高血钠者１２例，低血氯者３４例，高血氯者８例。２４例血气及酸碱度测定结果显示，以碱中毒者为主。依次为呼碱、呼碱＋代酸、代酸、代碱、呼酸。本组高血钾、低血钠与Ｃｈｉｌｄ分级、ＢＵＮ、Ｃｒ值相关。从本组资料表明，重症肝硬变腹水患者水盐代谢失衡多为医源性所致，且加重原有失衡。高钾血症、急性低钠血症及高钠血症大多如此，多为住院后发生，常可危及生命。结论肝硬变腹水患者的高钾血症、低钠血症和高钠血症大多在肝肾功能低下，不适当的治疗所致，是影响预后的重要因素     

Primary Cardiac Sarcoidosis with Syncope and Refractory Atrial Arrhythmia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

We discuss the case of a 38-year-old black man who presented at our hospital with his first episode of syncope, recently developed atrial arrhythmias refractory to pharmacologic therapy, and a left atrial thrombus. He was diagnosed with primary cardiac sarcoidosis characterized by predominant involvement of the epicardium that caused atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. Histologic analysis of his epicardial lesions yielded a diagnosis of sarcoidosis. This patient''s atrial arrhythmia was successfully treated with a hybrid operation that involved resection of his atrial appendage, an Epicor maze procedure, and radiofrequency ablation during a catheter-based electrophysiologic study. The cardiac sarcoidosis was successfully managed with corticosteroid therapy.Our case report shows that sarcoidosis can initially manifest itself as syncope with new-onset atrial arrhythmia. Sarcoidosis is important in the differential diagnosis because of its progressive nature and its potential for treatment with pharmacologic, surgical, and catheter-based interventions.     

Acute Coronary Thrombosis and Multiple Coronary Aneurysms in a 22-Year-Old Man with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can cause diverse cardiovascular complications. In HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy, the prevalence of myocardial infarction has steadily increased over the years. Young patients who are naïve to antiretroviral therapy and who experience coronary events are not well represented in the medical literature. We describe the case of a 22-year-old man, infected with HIV for 4 years and never treated with antiretroviral therapy, who emergently presented with a non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary angiograms revealed thrombosis and multiple coronary artery aneurysms; however, no areas of atherosclerotic stenosis were apparent. He was successfully treated with coronary stenting, antiplatelet therapy, and anticoagulation. Nine months after the initial presentation, he exhibited excellent exercise capacity, and no ischemia was evident. We discuss the various therapeutic approaches in this case.