Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Serrated Polyposis Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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The Catalase C-262T Gene Polymorphism and Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Many studies suggest that catalase C-262T gene polymorphism is associated with cancer risk, but with inconsistent results. This study aimed to summarize the overall association between catalase C-262T polymorphism and cancer risk. Literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and other databases, studies regarding the association between catalase C-262T polymorphism and cancer risk were identified, and data were retrieved and analyzed by using Review Manager 5.0.24 and STATA 12.0. A total of 18 publications with 22 case–control studies, including 9777 cancer patients and 12,223 controls, met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis results showed significant association between catalase C-262 T polymorphism and cancer risk (TT vs CT + CC: odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–1.31, P = 0.01). Subgroup analyses stratified by cancer types suggested the catalase C-262T polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased prostate cancer risk (TT vs CT + CC: OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.17–2.22, P = 0.004); for subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity, no associations between this polymorphism and Asians or whites were identified (CT + TT vs CC: OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.98–1.26, P = 0.09 for whites; OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.78–1.80, P = 0.42 for Asians). In summary, the catalase C-262T polymorphism may be a risk factor for cancer with cancer type-specific effects. Further studies should be performed to confirm these findings.     

Risk and Time Pattern of Recurrences After Local Endoscopic Resection of T1 Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis

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我国胆石症发病危险因素的Meta分析

背景：胆石症是一种严重危害人类健康的常见病，流行病学研究表明近十年来胆石症发病率迅速上升，目的：综合分析我国胆石症发病的危险因素，为制定相关预防和控制策略提供参考依据。方法：对国内外1978年1月～2004年2月间公开发表的关于我国胆石症发病危险因素的独立病例对照研究进行Meta分析，计算每个因素的OR值以及95％CI。结果：共累积病例3145例，对照3812例：油腻饮食（2．49）、荤食习惯（2.19）、偏食动物油（2、19）、偏食动物内脏（2＋20）、不吃早餐（2＋03）、体重指数≥25（1．95）、高脂血症（1．67）、多孕次（1．47）、绝经（2．02）、胆道蛔虫病史（6．25）、胆囊炎病史（28．42）、胆台症家族史（3．36）、饮洒（1．54）、缺乏锻炼（2．39）、口眼避孕约（2．50）为我国胆石症发病的主要危险岗素；素食习惯（0．42）、饮牛奶（0.43）、农村饮深井水（0．51）、22时后就寝（0．55）为预防胆石症发生的保护因素：结论：改善膳食结构、吃早餐、饮牛奶、农村饮深井水、控制体重、女性减少孕次、少饮酒、加强锻炼、22时后就寝有助于预防胆石症的发生。     

Proportion and Risk Indicators of Nonadherence to Statin Therapy: A Meta-analysis

Background

Nonadherence to chronic disease medications is important. A growing body of literature suggests that better delivery of established therapies would save more lives than would discovery of innovations. Our first objective was to quantify the proportion of adherence to statin medications. The second objective was to provide estimates of risk indicators associated with nonadherence to statin medications.

Methods

We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of all studies published between database inception and June of 2011 that reviewed adherence, and risk indicators associated with nonadherence, to statin medications.

Results

In the end, 67 studies met our inclusion and exclusion criteria and passed our methodological-quality evaluation. Among observational studies, 49.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 48.9%-49.2%) of patients were adherent to statin medications at 1 year of follow-up. Among randomized trials, 90.3% (95% CI, 89.8%-90.8%) of patients were adherent to statin medications at 1 year of follow-up. The association between 147 variables and adherence to statin medications was determined. After meta-analysis, only 6 variables were associated with nonadherence to statin medications: primary prevention (rate ratio = 1.52; 95% CI, 1.50-1.53); new statin users (rate ratio = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.33-1.61); copayment (rate ratio = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.09-1.50; lower income status (rate ratio = 1.26; 95% CI, 1.16-1.37); fewer than 2 lipid tests performed (rate ratio = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.16-1.64), and not having hypertension (rate ratio = 1.16; 95% CI, 1.12-1.21).

Conclusions

This study provides some insight into the extent of nonadherence by study type along with 6 risk indicators associated with nonadherence to statin medications.     

咖啡与脑卒中风险的剂量-反应Meta分析

目的:用Meta分析方法评估咖啡与脑卒中风险之间的关系。方法:计算机检索Pubmed、EMBASE、Cochrane图书馆、中国生物医学文献、中国知网、万方和维普数据库,收集关于咖啡与脑卒中风险关系的前瞻性队列研究,由2位研究员按纳入排除标准独立筛选文献、提取资料并用卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)评价文献质量。用Stata/SE 15.0软件进行统计分析。结果:共纳入17项前瞻性队列研究、1142274例受试者,其中包括83433例脑卒中患者。Meta分析结果显示,咖啡可明显降低脑卒中风险(RR=0.80,95%CI:0.75~0.85),但并不能降低日本人群的脑卒中风险。剂量-反应Meta分析显示,咖啡摄入量与脑卒中风险之间呈非线性关系(非线性P值<0.001)。与从不喝咖啡者相比,每天喝2、4、6、8杯咖啡者的脑卒中相对风险分别为0.87(95%CI:0.82~0.92)、0.83(95%CI:0.76~0.90)、0.84(95%CI:0.74~0.95)、0.86(95%CI:0.72~1.03)。结论:咖啡摄入量与脑卒中风险呈非线性关系,适量摄入咖啡与脑卒中风险呈负相关,每天喝4~5杯咖啡时脑卒中风险最低。但现有的研究证据不能证明喝咖啡能明显降低亚洲人群的脑卒中风险。