肺鳞癌组织中MMP-2,p53,Bcl-2的表达

目的探讨肺鳞癌中MMP-2,p53和Bcl-2的表达及相互关系。方法应用免疫组化法(SP法)检测50例肺鳞癌患者术后的石蜡包埋标本中MMP-2、p53和Bcl-2的表达情况。结果MMP-2在肺鳞癌组织中阳性率76.0%,p53阳性率57.41%,Bcl-2阳性率44.44%,MMP-2的表达与肿瘤大小、分化程度、淋巴结转移明显相关,而与肿瘤部位、患者年龄无关。MMP-2过度表达与p53基因的突变有关。P53和Bcl-2之间则呈显著负相关(P<0.005)。结论MMP-2的表达与肺鳞癌的侵袭转移性有关。p53基因突变后MMP-2表达增强。Bcl-2与p53在细胞凋亡调控中是相互作用。     

Synthesis,characterization, and antibacterial activities of some novel N,N′-disubstituted thiourea, 2-amino thiazole,and imidazole-2-thione derivatives

In the search of bioactive molecules, a series of novel N-substituted thiourea derivatives 3(a–d) are prepared by reaction of the α-amino pyridyl ketone hydrochloride (2a) with the corresponding aryl isothiocyanates. The synthesis of some new 2-amino thiazoles 4(a–d) and imidazole-2-thiones 6(a–d) were attempted by intramolecular cyclization reaction of the N,N′-disubstituted thioureas 3(a–d) and their intermediate ketals 5(a–d) in diluted aqueous acidic and strong acidic mediums. The structure of all newly synthesized compounds was established by analytical and spectral data. The antibacterial studies to all of the synthesized compounds against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis bacteria with Gram-positive and negative strains, as MIC values are reported. Some of these compounds such as 3a,b,d and 4b,d exhibited a good to significant antibacterial activity. Also, all of new synthesized compounds 3,4,6(a–d) were active against Gram-positive S. aureus bacterium. Thus, some of these compounds can emerge as a promising tool for further research work.     

高原地区腹腔镜手术麻醉期间对SPO2PETCO2,MAP,BP,ECG影响的动态观察

选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级择期手术病人21例，行气管内静吸复合全麻下腹腔镜外科胆囊切除术和妇科卵巢囊肿摘除等手术。实施术前（基础值）、术中、CO2气腹后、气管插管时、进腹探查分离时、术毕6个阶段连续监测脉搏氧饱和度（SPO2）、呼气末CO2分压（PETCO2）、血压（BP）、心电图（ECG）、平均动脉压（MAP）等参值并分阶段分别作详细记录，其数量行均数±标准基（x±s）表示，统计学处理用t值检验。判断其显著性。结果表明：与术前比较各项参值均有显著性降低（P＜0．05和P＜0．001）、与术中比较无统计学意义。从气管插管始至手术结束，ECG76．19％明显改变。该临床研究提示：在高原地区施行腹腔镜手术时，存在一定潜在性不安全因素，值得高度重视。     

Amorphous Water-Soluble Cyclodextrin Derivatives: 2-Hydroxyethyl, 3-Hydroxypropyl, 2-Hydroxyisobutyl,and Carboxamidomethyl Derivatives of β-Cyclodextrin

The pharmaceutical usefulness of natural, crystalline cyclodextrins can be improved by chemical conversions into water-soluble, amorphous mixtures of their derivatives. Reaction of -cyclodextrin with 2-chloroethanol, 3-chloropropanol, isobutylene oxide, or iodoacetamide yielded the title compounds. Distributions of the substitution degree were close to symmetrical and relatively narrow. The average substitution degrees increased with the amount of alkylating reagent used in the preparation. The number of components (half-width of distribution) increased with increasing average substitution degree. Further, distributions of the substitution degree were measured in glucose derivatives after hydrolysis of 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, and 2-hydroxyisobutyl--cyclodextrin. The results show an uneven distribution of substitutents around the cyclodextrins, suggesting that growth of oligoglycol side chains and/or clustering of substituents on one glucose residue occurs.     

海洛因依赖患者血清E2,T,FSH,LH的改变

我们在临床工作中发现大多数海洛因依赖患者都会出现性欲减退、性功能下降、月经周期紊乱、甚至闭经等肾虚的表现，为探讨其病理生理机制，我们测定了患者血液中部分性激素和促性腺激素的含量，现报告如下。一、对象与方法１．研究对象随机抽取重庆市１９９５年３月至１９...     

每日步行2公里,癌症减半

正科技的进步让生活越来越方便,人也同时在变懒。每天开车上下班,有电梯就不爬楼梯,有座位便不愿起身……然而,来自英国的最新研究显示,每天只要步行1英里(约1.6公里),患癌死亡风险就能降50%。走路防癌功效突出"走路可看作治疗癌症的特效药!"研究的发布者,英国慈善组织漫步者协会和麦克米伦癌症援助组织共同指出,如能每天坚持行走1英里,在     

医药B2B,潮头涌动

伴随着互联网科技创新的一路高歌猛进,过去几年里,电商已经深深改造了中国医药行业的各个环节,诞生出诸如阿里健康、京东健康的巨无霸企业.站在2021这个时间节点,如果我们用市场容量作“横轴”,用行业集中度作“纵轴”画一个坐标系,就可以发现——在巨头分割之下,能够兼具“广阔市场容量和低行业集中度”的医药电商垂直细分市场已经所...     

2, 6-二甲基苯胺的合成

综述了2,6-二甲基苯胺的6条合成路线,给出了它们的反应条件,收率和限制。     

β,γ-不饱和硝基烯烃用SnCl_2·2H_2O还原成α,β-不饱和酮

H_2O,在四氢呋喃中于室温搅拌反应6～8 h 得α,β-不β,γ-不饱和硝基烯烃(?)加 SnCl_2(?)     

直肠癌Duke’s B_2,C_1,C_2期术后放射治疗的价值

目的　探讨直肠癌Duke’sB2 ,C1,C2 期术后放射治疗的价值。方法　我院在 1992年 1月至1998年 3月期间收治 10 5例Duke’sB2 ,C1,C2 期直肠癌患者 ,将其随机分为两组 :单纯手术组 5 5例 ,术后放疗组 5 0例。采用60 Co体外等中心放疗 ,瘤床DT 5 0～ 5 5Gy/ 5～ 6周 ,亚临床病灶DT 4 0Gy/ 4周。 结果　术后放疗组和单纯手术组 5年生存率B2 ,C1,C2 期分别为 :81 8%、6 0 0 % (P >0 0 5 ) ;6 1 5 % ,32 5 % (P <0 0 5 ) ;38 7% ,11 7% (P <0 0 5 )。 5年局部复发率 :术后放疗组和单纯手术组B2 ,C1,C2 期分别为 18 2 % ,33 3% (P >0 0 5 ) ;17 4 % ,6 4 0 % (P <0 0 1) ;2 5 0 % ,6 6 7% (P <0 .0 1)。远处转移率 :术后放疗组 10 0 % ,单纯手术组 2 7 3% (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　Duke’sB2 ,C期直肠癌根治术后根治性放疗可以提高长期生存率 ,降低局部复发率     

Characterization of the self-association of human interferon-α2b, albinterferon-α2b, and pegasys

The self-association of human interferon-α2b (hIFN-α2b), albinterferon-α2b (a recombinant protein with human serum albumin and hIFN-α2b peptides fused together in a single polypeptide chain), and Pegasys (PEGylated hIFN-α2a) was characterized by analytical ultracentrifugation analyses. By examining the apparent sedimentation coefficient distribution profiles of each protein at different concentrations, it was concluded that the above three proteins are self-associating in albinterferon-α2b formulation buffer. By model fitting of sedimentation data using SEDANAL software, the stoichiometry and equilibrium constants of the self-association of these proteins were characterized. The self-association of hIFN-α2b results in the formation of stable dimers, fast-reversible tetramers, octamers, and hexadecamers. In contrast, although both albinterferon-α2b and Pegasys are self-associated, their self-association stoichiometries are significantly different from that of hIFN-α2b. The self-association of albinterferon-α2b results in the formation of reversible dimers and trimers, whereas the self-association of Pegasys gives only reversible dimers. The self-association behaviors of hIFN-α2b and albinterferon-α2b involves attractive electrostatic forces, which can be suppressed to a negligible level in low pH (pH 4.0-4.5) and high salt concentration (400 mM NaCl) buffer, allowing quantification of their size variant contents by sedimentation velocity analysis.     

Synthesis,characterization, and cytotoxicity of N-2′-hydroxyethyl-substituted azastigmastanes

The in vitro cytotoxicity of N-2′-hydroxyethyl-substituted azastigmastanes and its precursor steroidal ketones against cancer cell lines: MCF-7, HepG2, and HCT 116; has been carried out using MTT assay. The N-2′-hydroxyethyl-substituted azastigmastanes were synthesized by bespoke version of Schmidt reaction using common Lewis acids like BF₃–OEt₂, SnCl₄ and H₂SO₄ as catalysts in substantial yields. Sulphuric acid was found to be the most suitable catalyst in terms of reaction yield and time, while SnCl₄ was found to be the weakest in case of 3β-acetoxy-N-2′-hydroxyethyl-6-aza-B-homo-5α-stigmastan-7-one and 3β-chloro-N-2′-hydroxyethyl-6-aza-B-homo-5α-stigmastan-7-one and almost inactive in case of N-2′-hydroxyethyl-6-aza-B-homo-5α-stigmastan-7-one. The products were obtained in semi-solid state and characterized by spectroscopic techniques and microanalytical data. Moreover, on the basis of IC₅₀, compound 5 was found to inhibit the cancer cells most effectively in conformity with our previous findings.     

The zebrafish embryo model in toxicology and teratology,September 2–3, 2010, Karlsruhe,Germany

The use of fish embryos is gaining popularity for research in the area of toxicology and teratology. Particularly embryos of the zebrafish offer an array of different applications ranging from regulatory testing to mechanistic research. For this reason a consortium of two research centres and a company with the support of the COST Action EuFishBiomed has organised the Workshop “The zebrafish embryo model in toxicology and teratology”, in Karlsruhe, Germany, 2nd–3rd September 2010. The workshop aimed at bringing together experts from different areas of toxicology using the (zebra)fish embryo and stimulating networking between scientists and representatives from regulatory bodies, research institutions and industry. Recent findings, presented in various platform presentations in the area of regulatory toxicity, high throughput screening, toxicogenomics, as well as environmental and human risk assessment are highlighted in this meeting report. Furthermore, the constraints and possibilities of the model as discussed at the workshop are described. A follow up-meeting was appreciated by the about 120 participants and is planned for 2012.     

A comparison of the central actions of prostaglandins A1, E1, E2, F1α, and F2α in the rat

The effect of prostaglandins (PGs) A₁, E₁, E₂, F₁, and F₂ administered intraventricularly at doses of 0.02–4.0 g/rat were studied in some behavioral, antinociceptive and anticonvulsant tests in rats. Exploratory and locomotor activity were decreased by all PGs except A₁ and F₂ which had no effect on locomotor activity. All PGs studied, except A₁, induced hyperthermia and afforded protection in the hot-plate analgesic test and against maximal electroshock seizures.     

胎儿窘迫与脐静脉血pH,PCO2,PO2,HCO3^—和新生儿Apgar评分间的关系

本文测定临床诊断胎儿窘迫48例及正常45例新生儿的脐静脉血气值及新生儿Apgar 评分,并将两组进行比较。结果:正常组 pH 均值7.34、PCO_2 39.17、PO_2 28.48、HCO_(?)22.85;胎儿窘迫组 pH 7.27、PCO_2 47.57、PO_2 20.16、HCO_3~-20.04(P 均<0.01)。93例新生儿中1分钟 Apgar 评分≥8者共69例,其中59例 pH≥7.27,24例1分钟 Apgar 评分<8者中有10例的 pH<7.27。5分钟 Apgar 评份<8者仅10例,其中7例 pH<7.27。27例电子胎心监护异常,其中 pH<7.27,Apgar 评分<8者仅2例。一般认为估价胎儿窘迫及新生儿窒息要综合临床诊断,电子胎心监护、羊水情况、胎心音听诊,脐静脉血气分析及 Apgar 评分等方法才能正确判断。