初诊淋巴瘤患儿父母照护知识和态度现状及影响因素

目的:调查初诊淋巴瘤患儿父母照护知识和态度现状,并分析其影响因素.方法:采用自行设计的问卷于2019年3月—2020年2月采用便利抽样,以医院收治的初诊淋巴瘤患儿父母为调查对象.结果:共回收有效问卷231份.初诊淋巴瘤患儿父母照护知识得分为3～20(10.56±3.46)分.多因素分析显示,家庭所在地、教育程度、与患儿关系、患儿治疗时间为初诊淋巴瘤患儿父母照护知识的影响因素(F=23.014,P<0.001).初诊淋巴瘤患儿父母照护态度得分为17～40(28.56±8.57)分,多因素分析显示,家庭所在地、教育程度、与患儿关系、患儿治疗时间为初诊淋巴瘤患儿父母照护态度的影响因素(F=19.631,P<0.001).结论:初诊淋巴瘤患儿父母照护态度较为积极,然而照护知识仍待提高.不同特征的父母照护知识和态度存在较大差异,护理人员应引起重视.     

儿科住院患儿父母二元应对现状及影响因素分析

目的 分析儿科住院患儿父母二元应对现状并探讨其影响因素。方法 采用一般资料调查表、二元应对量表、家庭功能评定量表、照顾者负担量表、中文版育儿胜任感量表对326例儿科住院患儿父母进行问卷调查。结果 儿科住院患儿父母二元应对得分为(127.85±3.37)分;多元线性回归分析显示,患儿年龄、主要照顾者、家庭结构、家庭月收入、家庭功能、照护负担和育儿胜任感是儿科住院患儿父母二元应对的主要影响因素(P<0.01)。结论 儿科住院患儿父母二元应对处于较高水平,护理人员应对住院患儿父母进行针对性指导,以提高其二元应对水平。     

父母特征及教养方式对护理专科生手机依赖的影响研究

目的调查父母特征及教养方式对护理专科生手机依赖的影响。方法采用大学生手机依赖问卷对681名护理专科生进行调查。结果护生的手机依赖处于中等水平,护生父母亲的文化程度偏低。护理专科生的父母亲教养方式以民主型的占多数。大多数护生的家庭经济条件中等。结论大多数护生能正确使用手机,父母的溺爱会导致护生的手机依赖程度增加。     

护理关怀照护行为缓解儿科患儿家属心理问题的效果研究

将儿科1病房30例患儿家属设为研究组,儿科2病房30例患儿家属设为对照组,研究组实施关怀照护行为,对照组按普通护理.两组采用护士关怀行为质量评价表,患儿家属心理问题调查表作为评价工具进行效果评价.结果出院时研究组护士护理关怀行为质量明显高于对照组(P<0.01),入院时两组患儿家属心理问题评价无明显差异(P>0.05),出院时研究组患儿家属心理问题评定明显低于对照组(P<0.01).认为儿科护士针对患儿家属不同的心理问题实施护理关怀照护行为,不仅能够缓解儿科患儿家属心理问题,而且有助于提高护理服务水平和患者住院满意度.     

患儿在父母陪护下行麻醉诱导的临床观察

为研究和调查患儿在父母新陪护下行麻醉诱导（ＰＰＩ）的临床意义，选择７２例拟在全麻下行择期手术的患儿进行观察。术前在护士指导下，由其父母新陪护行麻醉诱导，观察对麻醉诱导的影响以及麻醉前患儿和父母新的了解术前及术后患儿及其父母对参与ＰＰＩ的态度及相应的原因。结果：６２例（８６．１％）父母亲希望参与ＰＰＩ。４岁以上患儿中８１．８％希望在麻醉前有父母亲陪护，７７．８％患儿麻醉诱导顺利，４８．９％父母表现出     

先天性心脏病患儿父母焦虑状况及相关因素分析

[目的]调查先天性心脏病患儿父母焦虑状况并分析其相关因素。[方法]采用SAS量表评价了50例先天性心脏病患儿父母,并对其影响因素进行统计学分析。[结果]先天性心脏病患儿父母焦虑状况高于国内常模,其发生与被调查对象与患儿的关系、父母亲年龄、父母亲文化程度、家庭人均月收入及父母亲来源等有关。[结论]先天性心脏病患儿父母存在较严重的焦虑情绪,应重视对先天性心脏病患儿父母的心理干预。     

先天性心脏病患儿父母焦虑状况及相关因素分析

[目的]调查先天性心脏病患儿父母焦虑状况并分析其相关因素。[方法]采用SAS量表评价了50例先天性心脏病患儿父母,并对其影响因素进行统计学分析。[结果]先天性心脏病患儿父母焦虑状况高于国内常模,其发生与被调查对象与患儿的关系、父母亲年龄、父母亲文化程度、家庭人均月收入及父母亲来源等有关。[结论]先天性心脏病患儿父母存在较严重的焦虑情绪,应重视对先天性心脏病患儿父母的心理干预。     

护理关怀照护行为缓解儿科患儿家属心理问题的效果研究

将儿科1病房30例患儿家属设为研究组,儿科2病房30例患儿家属设为对照组,研究组实施关怀照护行为,对照组按普通护理.两组采用护士关怀行为质量评价表,患儿家属心理问题调查表作为评价工具进行效果评价.结果出院时研究组护士护理关怀行为质量明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）,入院时两组患儿家属心理问题评价无明显差异（P〉0.05）,出院时研究组患儿家属心理问题评定明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）.认为儿科护士针对患儿家属不同的心理问题实施护理关怀照护行为,不仅能够缓解儿科患儿家属心理问题,而且有助于提高护理服务水平和患者住院满意度.     

1岁内住院患儿父母参与照护现状的调查研究

目的:了解1岁内住院患儿父母参与照护的现状,探讨其影响因素.方法:采用一般资料问卷及住院患儿父母参与照护问卷对105名1岁内住院患儿父母进行调查.结果:1岁内住院患儿父母参与照护问卷总分为(87.00±12.19)分,基础护理维度得分为(22.90±3.33)分,信息支持维度得分为(26.85±4.54)分,情感支持维度得分为(37.25±4.97)分;与患儿的关系及是否为主要照顾者是影响患儿父母参与照护的主要因素.结论:1岁内住院患儿父母在基础护理的参与照护能力上较高,但在信息支持的参与照护能力上较低,与患儿的关系、是否为患儿主要照护者是影响父母参与照护能力的主要因素.儿科护理人员应加强与父母间的沟通,为父母与医护人员互相协作、共同完成患儿的护理工作提供机会.     

抑郁患者父母教养方式与功能失调性态度的关系:家庭功能的中介作用

目的:探讨抑郁障碍患者的父母教养方式、家庭功能及功能失调性态度的关系。方法:运用父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)、家庭功能评定量表(FAD)、功能失调性态度量表(DAS)对680例抑郁障碍患者进行评分。并通过建立父母教养方式、家庭功能及功能失调性态度三者之间的结构方程模型,分析三者间的相互关系。结果:DAS总分及各维度分与EMBU中积极教养因子分呈正相关,与消极教养因子分呈负相关,与家庭功能呈正相关(|r|=0.082~0.272,均P<0.01),家庭功能与积极教养因子分呈负相关,与消极教养因子分呈正相关(|r|=0.293~0.659,均P<0.01)。结构方程模型结果显示家庭功能在父母教养方式与功能失调性态度间的中介效应占总效应的89.4%。结论:抑郁障碍患者的功能失调性态度与消极父母教养和不良家庭功能相关,家庭功能在父母教养方式与功能失调性态度关系间起部分中介作用。     

The myth of the replacement child: parents' stories and practices after perinatal death

Parents bereaved by perinatal death adapt to their losses in different ways. When bereaved parents give birth to a child or children subsequent to a perinatal death, their constructions of the family necessarily change. The subsequent child is thought to be at risk of psychopathology (the replacement child syndrome) if parents have not sufficiently grieved their losses. This qualitative interview study examines the family stories told by bereaved parents, with particular attention to how parents represent the dead child and subsequent children in the current family structure. We categorized parents' stories as those which suggested that parents replaced the loss by an emphasis on parenting subsequent children, or maintained a connection to the dead child through storytelling and ritual behavior. The two ways in which parents maintained the connection were to preserve the space in the family that the dead child would have inhabited, or to create an on-going relationship with the dead child for themselves and their subsequent children. There seem to be multiple paths to parenting through bereavement. The place of rituals and memorial behavior is also examined.     

Parents' beliefs about children and gun safety

This study sought to determine parents' beliefs about children and gun safety. A survey was sent to 230 parents of elementary age children addressing their beliefs about firearm storage, firearm safety training for children, and whether or not their child would handle a gun. Findings are based on the 82 returned surveys. Parents believed safe firearm storage was important to protect children. Only 22% of parents reported having a firearm in their home. However, of those reporting a firearm in the home, 85% did not practice safe gun storage despite reporting they believed it was important. These findings are supported by other studies that have found that parents have unrealistic perceptions about how their child will respond when a firearm is encountered. The only predictor of parents' incorrect perceptions about firearm safety training was the item "children will be safe if taught." This parental misperception provides further evidence that parents have unrealistic attitudes about children and guns.     

Pain,Fatigue, Family Functioning,and Attitude Toward Illness in Children with Juvenile Rheumatic Diseases

Pain and fatigue adversely affect the physical and psychosocial functioning of children with Juvenile Rheumatic Diseases (JRDs). Research investigating relations among disease severity and family functioning has produced mixed results. There is scant research examining the relations among illness attitudes and disease severity. Children (50 girls and 32 boys) with a JRD and their parents participated in this study. Parents completed a scale assessing family functioning and children completed information about their experience of pain and fatigue and attitude toward their illness. Regression analyses indicated that children experiencing more pain and fatigue were apt to hold negative attitudes toward their illness, and that parents reported lower family functioning when children were experiencing higher levels of fatigue. Research examining relations among child and reports of family functioning and children’s attitudes toward their illness will provide information for health care teams serving these children and their families.     

Transition experience of parents caring of children with epilepsy: a phenomenological study

BACKGROUND: Families who have a child with epilepsy show a significant impact on both the dynamics of the child's development and family systems in a social context. Knowledge of a family's lived experience in dealing with the early stages of their child's illness will provide a deeper understanding of their life and coping process. Most studies have focused on the child's developmental issues, parental attitudes, coping strategies and the child's adjustment. In order to assist families to cope with the early stage of having a child with epilepsy, nurses need to understand the nature of a family's lived experience. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the essence of the family health-illness transition experience from the parental perspective when a child is afflicted with epilepsy. DESIGN: Colaizzi's phenomenological approach was used. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten couples with regard to the first one and a half years after the diagnosis of epilepsy. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: Ten couples from two medical centers in Taiwan participated in the study. The age range of the children at diagnosis was 0.2-4.3 years. METHODS: Open attitude and imaginative variation techniques were used to investigate the meanings of the experience. This study used Colaizzi's method with both destructured and restructured analysis. Lincoln and Guba's trustworthiness criteria were employed to evaluate methodological rigor. RESULTS: Three concepts emerged: parents' psychological reactions, parental coping patterns and family resources. The parents' psychological reaction was that of being emotionally traumatized and physically exhausted. Parental coping patterns were vigilant parenting and aimed at reframing roles, facing the social challenge and assisting the child's social re-integration. The nature of family resources was family resiliency. The findings provide a scientific knowledge base for nurses when assisting parents and children during the health to illness transitional phase following a diagnosis of epilepsy.     

The experience of stress in parents of children hospitalized with long-term disabilities

This paper discusses parents' perceptions of their stress when their children are hospitalized with long-term disabilities. The study used a qualitative method. Data were collected with 40 parents through in-hospital interviews, and were analysed using the method of constant, comparative analysis. Parents' own interpretation of their stress experience is considered in relation to their perception of their role. The data suggest that the hospitalization of a child requires parents to make changes in their usual parenting role. In describing the nature of the changes required, parents identified the need to understand the illness experience; become familiar with the hospital environment; adapt to their changing relationship with the child and other family members; and negotiate with health professionals about their child's care. Verbatim accounts are used in this paper to illustrate parents' interpretations of their hospital experience. Parents perceive their role in their hospitalized child's care differently than health professionals do, and it would appear that much parental stress is attributable to the 'space' between health care workers' understanding of parents' experience, and parents' own comprehension. If nurses understood parents' own perception of their hospital-related stress better, more effective nursing care could be developed. Further research is needed in this important area.     

Parents' perceptions of their child's acute pain experience

Painful procedures, experienced by many pediatric patients early in their admission, have been identified by parents in our clinical practice as a source of stress. The purpose of this study was to examine parents' perceptions and concerns about their child's acute pain experience. A convenience sample of 71 parents of 62 children was given a questionnaire that focused on the child's pain intensity, the behaviors that indicated the child was in pain, and the parents' preparation for and involvement in the child's pain experience. The majority of parents were asking for more information about and greater participation in procedures that caused their child pain.     

儿童意外伤害发生情况及其父母对意外伤害知识、行为和态度的调查

目的了解儿童意外伤害发生的情况及其父母对意外伤害的知识、行为和态度。方法对100名1～14岁儿童的父母进行意外伤害知识、行为和态度的问卷调查。结果意外伤害的发生率为43．0％，伤害发生与儿童年龄有关；伤害种类以跌伤、碰撞伤和烧烫伤为主；意外伤害发生率在父母的知识、行为和态度上差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论儿童意外伤害的发生率较高，年龄越小越容易发生意外伤害，父母在儿童意外伤害知识和行为方面存在不足，态度方面保持高度一致的积极性。     

Co-sleeping as a window into Swedish culture: considerations of gender and health care

The purpose of this study is to examine the Swedish practice of co-sleeping and relate it to the cultural discourse on the gendered family and health. The Swedish study, part of the International Study of Parents, Children and Schools, focuses on some Western parents' ideas about health, child development, child-rearing goals and parental practices. It also addressed specific questions regarding parents' theories about the nature, gender and frequency of co-sleeping in Swedish families. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected with five cohorts of parents and their 60 children who ranged in age from 6 months to 8 years. The sample was balanced for sex and birth order. Parents completed batteries of standardized questionnaires and they were interviewed about their beliefs and practices related to child rearing and child development. A questionnaire about co-sleeping was sent post hoc to the families. The results showed that Swedish children often co-sleep with both their parents until school age, when more boys than girls cease the practice. This is an important finding, because much of the literature suggests that this practice exists primarily for infants in non-Western cultures who co-sleep with their mothers. Co-sleeping in Sweden is perceived as a normal family activity, which differed from the other societies studied. Thus, the study of practice has important methodological implications. When a family practice is studied, carefully documented and understood in its many dimensions, it provides a window into the culture in which the practice is embedded and may explain how gender relates to the practice. For health-care professionals who encounter families from diverse cultural backgrounds, this methodological approach illustrates how parenting practices relate to health-care issues.     

Cohesion and parents' social relations in families with a child with disability or chronic illness.

We studied how a child's physical or intellectual disability or diabetes affected family cohesion, the parents' social life, work and leisure-time activities, and whether there was any association between the parents' social relations and family cohesion. The parents of 89 children aged 12-17 years returned a questionnaire and were interviewed by a social worker. Family cohesion increased in all the groups by an average of 27%. The effect was smallest in the families of children with diabetes, whereas in the families with intellectual or physical disability family cohesion increased from 6 to 13 times more often compared to the families of children with diabetes. The increased family cohesion was not associated with the change in the parents' social relationships, work, career or leisure-time activities; the importance of these activities did not decrease even though family cohesion increased. However, a child's chronic illness or disability affects the everyday life of the family, for instance 71% of the parents with diabetic children thought that the regularity of family life increased and about a half of the parents with physically or intellectually disabled children had to change their hobbies because of the child. In planning treatment and rehabilitation for a chronically ill or disabled child more attention should be paid to the whole family and its needs, not only to the child.