献血者HBsAg阴性NAT可疑标本HBV感染状态确认

目的 了解天津地区无偿献血者应用PANTHER单人份核酸检测(ID-NAT)后,联检反应性,鉴别试验阴性(NAT可疑)标本HBV感染情况。方法 本中心2021年1—8月69 362份无偿献血者标本经常规检测和ID-NAT检测后,共检出HBsAg-PANTHER核酸检测联检反应性而鉴别非反应性献血者标本(以下简称NAT可疑标本)66份。采用单纯随机抽样方法选取23份应用超高速离心富集病毒后,采用超敏荧光定量PCR(qPCR)检测HBV DNA,ID-NAT复测鉴别实验,补充电化学发光法乙肝两对半检测。结果 23份NAT可疑标本中经血清学和分子生物学检测共确认HBV DNA阳性14份,HBV感染者抗-HBc阳性率为92.8%。感染者中92.8%(13/14)为隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染(OBI)。超敏荧光定量PCR检测共有10份标本获得病毒载量,5份可定量,病毒载量定量(11～464)IU/mL,中位数为15.4 IU/mL。结论 NAT可疑标本中仍能检出60%标本为HBV DNA阳性。抗-HBc检测能排除大多数NAT无法检测到的OBI,应提高目前NAT检测灵敏度,确保输血安全。     

献血者HBsAg阴性NAT可疑结果标本乙肝感染状况的调查分析

目的了解献血者应用ULTRIO PLUS核酸检测(NAT)后,初始反应性,鉴别实验阴性(NAT可疑结果)标本HBV DNA感染情况,分析其血清学和分子生物学特征,提高输血安全性。方法本中心2017年1—12月的97 577人(份)无偿献血者标本经常规和NAT检测后,收集HBsAg ELISA(-)/HBV DNA可疑标本,进行乙肝两对半检测与HBV DNA大容量提取,采用巢氏PCR方法扩增BCP/PC和S区基因序列,并对所得序列做基因型分析,同时采用实时荧光定量PCR检测(qPCR)和分析。结果 97 577(人)份献血者标本,通过ELISA和NAT初筛检出205(0.21%)份NAT可疑标本,经血清学、巢氏PCR和qPCR检测,93/205(45.4%)确证HBV DNA阳性, 92/93(98.9%)为隐匿性乙肝感染(OBI)标本。病毒定量范围(5—65.2)IU/mL,中位数为8.1 IU/mL。在可分型的35例标本中,HBV基因型B型18例(51.4%)、C型17例(48.6%)。结论 NAT可疑标本中仍能检出近半数标本为HBV DNA阳性,应提高目前NAT检测灵敏度,确保输血安全。     

两种核酸血液筛查系统降低HBV残余风险的比较

目的评估不同原理核酸检测(NAT)血液筛查系统在降低输血传播HBV残余风险中的作用。方法对6 889人(次)无偿献血者血液标本做常规血清学检测,应用转录介导的扩增(TMA)技术(Ultrio试剂)对所有血样平行单样本定性检测HBV/HCV/HIV,对血清学无反应性标本5 165例采用PCR-荧光探针法(MPX试剂)以6人份混样模式做NAT。追踪2个NAT平台得到的反应性标本,罗氏CAP/CTM核酸定量检测系统做核酸鉴别试验,罗氏电化学发光做乙肝血清学5项检测,QPCR法测定HBV病毒载量,巢氏-PCR方法做HBV DNA基因分型,统计分析各项检测指标之间关联及差异。结果 TMA初筛检出HBV DNA单独反应性标本12例[反应率0.17%(12/6 889),鉴别试验阳性7例(占TMA初筛阳性数的58.3%)],PCR-荧光探针法拆分后检出HBV DNA单独反应性9例[0.17%(9/5 165)],2种NAT平台检测HBV DNA均为阳性4例,合计检出17例反应性标本。该2种原理的NAT检测系统对HBV DNA检测结果的一致性差(TMA vs QPCR,K0),检出率明显不同(TMA vs QPCR,P0.05)。阳性标本乙肝血清学5项检测:HBs Ag、HBe Ag均为阴性(0/16),抗-HBc阳性12例(12/16),抗-HBs阳性6例(6/16),抗-HBe阳性3例(3/16)。HBV DNA定量阳性4例,含量均5 IU/m L。献血者追踪结果:TMA检出HBV DNA单独反应性3例(3/10),鉴别试验HBV DNA阳性3例,MPX检出HBV DNA单独阳性5例(5/10),2种NAT平台检测均为阳性者3例,合计检出5例;10例追踪标本的HBs Ag、HBe Ag仍均为阴性,抗-HBc阳性8例(新转阳3例),抗-HBs阳性5例(新转阳1例),抗-HBe阳性2例(新转阳1例),HBV DNA定量阳性4例(新检出1例),含量均5 IU/m L。巢氏-PCR S区序列阳性标本做HBV基因分型:B型占66.7%(6/9),C型占33.3%(3/9)。结论 TMA与PCR-荧光定量法均能有效降低输血残余风险,但针对检出限附近低病毒载量标本均有部分漏检,血站在条件具备时可使用更高灵敏度的新试剂。     

基于转录介导扩增的单人份核酸检测在血液筛查中的应用分析

目的探讨基于转录介导扩增(TMA)技术的单人份核酸检测(ID-NAT)在重庆地区血液筛查中的应用情况,分析其对于提高临床输血安全的作用和意义。方法对2015年1月1日-2015年12月31日采集的128 973(人)份无偿献血者标本,采用2次ELISA法检测HBs Ag、抗-HCV、抗-HIV-1/2和HIV-1 p24抗原(国产试剂为第3代,进口试剂为第4代),同时采用基于TMA原理的ID-NAT行HBV/HIV-1/HCV 3项联合检测。对ELISA非反应性而NAT反应性的标本用配套的试剂做NAT鉴别检测。结果本组中NAT反应性标本共计885例,反应性率0.69%(885/128 973),其中ELISA和NAT均为反应性的标本528例,ELISA非反应性而NAT反应性的标本为357例,NAT单反应性率0.28%(357/128 973)。对NAT单反应性的标本的鉴别检测:HBV DNA反应性114例,HIV-1RNA反应性3例,未检出HCV RNA呈反应性的标本,鉴别反应性率为32.77%(117/357)。对3例HIV-1 RNA鉴别为反应性献血者的追踪随访:均被证实为窗口期感染。结论基于TMA技术的NAT检测将HBV DNA反应性和HIV窗口期血液成功阻断,说明在血液筛查中开展NAT检测的必要性和其对于保障血液安全的重要意义。     

四川地区供血浆人群隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染的研究

目的了解四川地区供血浆人群隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染(OBI)情况,分析现行标准下原料血浆的HBV残余风险。方法采用实时荧光PCR和ELISA法,对四川地区10个单采血浆站2007年7月～2009年7月筛查合格的56 620名次供浆者的135 542份原料血浆标本作HBV NAT和HBsAg同步筛查,对筛查阳性的标本以进口试剂复核、作中和试验及HBV DNA定量测定,并对阳性血浆的供血浆者追踪分析,确认OBI标本。结果共检出HBV DNA阳性12份(9人),四川地区原料血浆HBV DNA检出率为0.008 9%(12/135 542);HBV DNA载量均<1 000 IU/ml;采用国产ELISA试剂检测该12份标本HBsAg均为阴性,而用进口试剂检测并经中和试验确认了其中5份(3人)为HBsAg阳性,其余7份(6人)为OBI血浆,血清学模式均为HBsAg-/HBeAg-/HBcAb+;对供血浆者2～9个月的追踪分析显示ELISA和NAT检测结果无变化,与筛查结果一致。结论 HBsAg阴性供血浆人群中存在OBI感染者,四川供浆人群中OBI感染率为0.010 6%(6/56 620),低于现有报道的我国无偿献血者的OBI感染率;按照现行要求采用ELISA法检测原料血浆,灵敏度较低的国产试剂检测HBsAg的残余风险(0.0089%)高于进口试剂(0.005 2%)。增加HBV NAT能有效降低原料血浆OBI的漏检风险。     

核酸检测系统联检与鉴别检测结果不一致原因分析

目的探究献血者常规血液筛查过程中核酸检测系统HBV、HCV、HIV联测(NAT联检)反应性而鉴别检测非反应性结果的原因。方法收集2010年11月-2012年3月本中心献血者常规血液筛查过程中NAT联检单反应性且和鉴别检测结果不一致的献血者标本504(人)份。采用化学发光法检测其HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc、HBe Ag及抗-HBe(乙肝5项),采用荧光定量PCR技术(Taq Man核酸检测系统)对这些标本再次做NAT检测,以确定其感染的血清学和分子生物学状态;同时回溯其中的40名检测结果不一致献血者,做血清学乙肝标志物及HBV DNA、HCV RNA和HIV RNA追踪检测。结果常规血液筛查过程中核酸联检单反应性且联检和鉴别检测结果不一致标本中,72.82%(367/504)呈乙肝相关抗体或抗原反应性,13.35%(49/367)的标本在荧光定量PCR检测中呈现HBV反应性。追踪检测结果显示,22.50%(9/40)可能为初次联检假阳性标本,其余77.50%(31/40)均为乙肝隐匿型感染(OBI)均未出现HCV RNA、HIV RNA反应性结果。结论 OBI是导致献血者血液NAT联检反应性而鉴别非反应性结果不一致的1个主要原因;基于血液安全性和检测效率的考虑,该部分血液应废弃,但对于血清学乙肝5项检测和NAT联检重复检测非反应性的献血者,应作检测追踪并考虑其再次献血的可能性。     

福州地区献血者人群隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染及其基因型与S区突变的研究

目的探讨福州地区无偿献血者人群隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染(OBI)状况及其HBV基因型分布特征与S区氨基酸突变的情况。方法应用血清学方法与核酸检测技术(NAT),对福建省福州市2011年11月-2013年3月的102 866(人)份无偿献血者标本做常规HBs Ag筛查及HBV DNA检测,排除HBV血清学标志物乙肝两对半检测结果阴性标本,确定HBs Ag-HBV DNA+为OBI标本;应用实时荧光定量PCR技术对OBI标本做HBV DNA检测,S区基因采用巢式PCR扩增和序列测定,使用MEGA5.0软件对HBV基因分型和对S区氨基酸做突变分析。结果2011年11月-2013年3月福州地区无偿献血者标本共筛查出75例HBs Ag-HBV DNA+[0.073%(75/102 866)],其中OBI率0.064%(66/102 866);66例OBI标本中,抗-HBc阳性比例为93.94%(62/66),HBV DNA检出率18.18%(12/66),HBV DNA为(13-302)IU/m L,仅1例标本的HBV DNA200 IU/m L,15.15%(10/66)的OBI标本扩增出S区基因序列,其中B型7例、C型3例;突变分析发现在这10例中有7例HBV S区氨基酸发生突变,而其中又有6例的HBs Ag抗原决定簇基因及周边主要亲水区域(MHR)发生氨基酸突变。结论福州地区无偿献血者人群中存在一定的OBI感染率,其中抗-HBc阳性者比例占多数,OBI感染者的病毒载量低;HBV基因型主要以B型为主,HBV S区尤其是MHR的氨基酸突变可能是造成OBI发生的主要原因之一。     

HBsAg不同状态下NAT反应性献血者血清学标志物特征分析

目的 了解HBsAg不同状态下核酸检测(NAT)反应性献血者HBV血清学标志物特征。方法 收集2021年9月～2022年5月核酸检测反应性标本,且ELISA检测HBsAg-/初筛HBsAg+复检阴性/单试剂HBsAg+标本,TMA鉴别非反应性标本加做罗氏PCR单人份复检,用电化学发光免疫法(ECLI)定量检测乙肝两对半进行统计分析。结果 共收集66份标本,HBsAg-/NAT+标本55份,抗-HBc阳性率为87.3%(48/55),抗-HBs、抗-HBc 2项阳性率为43.6%(24/55),抗-HBe、抗-HBc 2项阳性率为45.5%(25/55),单项抗-HBs阳性率为10.9%(6/55)和全阴性占比1.8%(1/55);酶免初筛HBsAg+复检阴性/NAT+标本7份,抗-HBc阳性率为100%(7/7),抗-HBe、抗-HBc 2项阳性率为71.4%(5/7);单试剂HBsAg+/NAT+标本4份,HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBe、抗-HBc 4项阳性率为50%(2/4),抗-HBe、抗-HBc 2项阳性率为100%(4/4)。TMA鉴别非反应性且抗-HBc-标本PCR单人...     

青岛地区核酸检测在血液筛查中的应用研究

目的调查HBV、HCV和HIV血清学阴性献血者中的核酸反应性比率,探讨开展血液筛查NAT检测的必要性。方法利用Procleix TIGRIS全自动核酸检测系统,对2011～2012年68 781份ELISA检测阴性或单试剂反应性待检的献血者标本进行HBV、HCV和HIV 3项联合筛查,并对联检反应性标本做进一步分项鉴别试验。结果 68 781份ELISA检测阴性或单试剂反应性待检标本中,NAT共检出反应性84例,总反应性比率为0.12%(84/68 781);经鉴别后共检出HBV反应性30例,未检出HCV和HIV RNA反应性标本,联检反应性标本可鉴别率为35.71%(30/84)。结论无偿献血者血液经常规酶免筛查后仍存在较高比例的HBV DNA感染,核酸检测可以有效降低酶免法漏检造成的输血风险,有必要进行核酸检测。     

9例核酸反应性标本与对应ELISA、CLIA法检测HBV的关联分析

目的为保障临床输血的安全性,比较已知酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、ALT阴性合并核酸检测(NAT)反应性标本与对应化学发光(CLIA)法检测HBV的结果,对三种检测方法进行相关性分析。方法对17508例无偿献血者(排除ELISA法初复检公共阳性、ALT阳性等)进行NAT,并对NAT反应性标本进行CLIA检测。结果经核酸检测出9例HBV DNA反应性标本,未检出HCV RNA和HIV RNA反应性标本,其中1例为ELISA法"阴性高值"标本;对应CLIA法HBV"两对半"检测出现2例HBsAg(-)抗-HBs(-)抗-HBc(+)及5例HBs Ag(-)抗-HBs(+)抗-HBc(+)血清型,可能为OBI,2例均无反应性,可能为窗口期标本。结论无偿献血者的现有血液筛查方法 NAT检测和ELI SA法具有互补性,NAT检测可弥补ELISA法检测的"窗口期"问题;NAT与CLIA法检测结果具有一致性;OBI可能是本地区NAT检测HBV DNA献血者的主要类型;对可能影响血液质量的ELISA法"阴性高值"标本的淘汰,会降低输血感染风险。     

青岛地区无偿献血者乙型肝炎病毒感染血清学和病毒特征分析

目的 分析青岛地区无偿献血者乙型肝炎病毒感染的血清学及病毒学特征.方法 采用常规的血清学试验和核酸扩增技术对本地区315 520份无偿献血者标本进行联合筛查,对HBsAg-/HBV DNA+标本进行高精度病毒载量检测和补充乙肝5项检测,采用PCR直接测序法获得标本中HBsAg编码基因即S基因序列,分析病毒基因型别及氨基...     

Serological characterization of occult hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in India

IntroductionDiscovery of hepatitis B infections characterized by the presence of viral genome without detectable HBsAg (Occult Hepatitis; OBI) has initiated a considerable amount of research in this regard. Our study is a serological and molecular characterization of OBI among the donors who donated at our blood bank during the study period.Material and MethodDuring the study period HBsAg ELISA non reactive ID-NAT reactive donors samples were screened for presence of antibody against HBc, HBs and HBe. Molecular analysis of these NAT yield samples was undertaken for detection of the viral load and genotyping.ResultWe studied 28,134 HBsAg ELISA non reactive donor samples. On testing them with ID-NAT, HBV DNA was detected in 25 samples. Eighteen samples out of these 25 NAT yield were further worked up. The 66.6% of the NAT yield samples (12 out of 18) were reactive for antibody against HBc. The 25% (3 out of 12) of these NAT yield samples having antibody against core antigen also had antibody against HBs. The 27.7% (5 out of 18) of NAT yield detected by ID-NAT did not have any detectable serological marker in blood. Four out of 12 core antibody positive NAT yield samples had genotype A HBV infection.ConclusionAs per our study molecular detection of HBV DNA by ID-NAT, we were able to analyze 18 HBV NAT yield cases among 28,134 HBsAg ELISA non reactive donors. Out of 18, 12 donors were OBI whereas the rest (6) were in window period (WP yield) of HBV infection. One out of every 3.6 NAT yield detected by ID-NAT was non reactive for all serological markers.     

不同核酸检测方法对献血者隐匿性乙肝病毒感染的研究

目的了解无偿献血者中隐匿性乙肝病毒感染情况,并比较不同核酸检测方法对隐匿性乙肝病毒感染检测能力的差异。方法分别采用nested-PCR和Procleix Ultrio全自动核酸检测系统对无偿献血者血浆标本进行HBV核酸检测,对核酸阳性标本进行HBV DNA序列分析。结果在总计9 209例次标本的检测中,共有9 159例为HBsAg(-);HBsAg(-)标本中nested-PCR方法检出18例HBV DNA阳性(0.19%,18/9 159),而Procleix Ultrio检出7例(0.076%,7/9 159),两者间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);测序结果显示隐匿性HBV感染者中C基因型所占的比例(64.7%,11/17)明显高于HBsAg阳性的HBV感染者(23.1%,6/23,P<0.01)。结论闽南地区无偿献血者中存在较高比例的隐匿性乙肝病毒感染;不同核酸检测方法对献血者隐匿性乙肝病毒感染的检测能力存在差异。     

江苏地区献血者隐匿性HBV感染情况调查

目的调查无偿献血人群中隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒的携带率,病毒载量与血清学标志物检出的关系。方法对无偿献血者血液进行ELISA检测后,再行HBV、HCV、HIV核酸检测(NAT)。ELISA阴性、NAT阳性样品再进行HBVDNA、HCV RNA、HIV RNA定量检测及HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb化学发光法检测。结果共检测51 248份献血者血液样品,检出41例隐匿性HBV感染者,其携带率为0.80‰;血浆HBV病毒载量均小于66IU/ml;HBcAb阳性者23例,占56.1%;HBcAb伴HBsAb阳性者14例,占34.1%;HBsAb阳性4例,占9.7%。HBsAb或伴HBcAb阳性组与单一HBcAb阳性组相比,HBV DNA含量的差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论江苏地区无偿献血者中隐匿性HBV感染率约为0.80‰;其HBV病毒载量均较低,且血清学标志物的检出模式与病毒载量无相关性。     

Occult hepatitis B virus infection in Thai blood donors

BACKGROUND: An evaluation by the National Blood Center, the Thai Red Cross Society, of two commercial multiplex nucleic acid tests (NATs; the Chiron PROCLEIX ULTRIO test and the Roche Cobas TaqScreen MPX test) for screening Thai blood donors for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 identified 175 HBV NAT–reactive/hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐negative donors. The classification of the HBV infection of these donors was confirmed by follow‐up testing. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Index samples were tested for HBV serologic markers and HBV viral loads were determined. Donors were followed for up to 13 months and samples were tested with both NAT assays and for all HBV serological markers. RESULTS: Of 175 HBV NAT–yield donors, 72 (41%) were followed. Based on the follow‐up results, the majority of donors who were followed had an occult HBV infection (66.7%), followed by donors with a primary, acute infection (26.4%). The majority of donors in this latter group (20.8%) were in the window period. Three donors (4.2%), who were anti‐HBs positive, had a reinfection or breakthrough infection. CONCLUSION: The majority of donors detected during routine screening, who were HBsAg negative and NAT reactive, had an occult HBV infection, thus validating the decision to introduce NAT for blood donations in Thailand.     

Residual risk of transfusion‐transmitted hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection caused by blood components derived from donors with occult HBV infection in Japan

BACKGROUND: Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) for hepatitis B virus (HBV) during blood screening has helped to prevent transfusion‐transmitted HBV infection (TT‐HBV) in Japan. Nevertheless, 4 to 13 TT‐HBV infections arise annually. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The Japanese Red Cross (JRC) analyzed repository samples of donated blood for TT‐HBV that was suspected through hemovigilance. Blood donations implicated in TT‐HBV infections were categorized as either window period (WP) or occult HBV infection (OBI) related. In addition, we analyzed blood from 4742 donors with low antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti‐HBc) and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti‐HBs) titers using individual‐donation NAT (ID‐NAT) to investigate the relationship between anti‐HBc titer and proportion of viremic donors. RESULTS: Introduction of a more sensitive NAT method for screening minipools of 20 donations increased the OBI detection rate from 3.9 to 15.2 per million, while also the confirmed OBI transmission rate increased from 0.67 to 1.49 per million. By contrast the WP transmission rate decreased from 0.92 to 0.46 per million. Testing repository samples of donations missed by minipools of 20 donations NAT showed that 75 and 85% of TT‐HBV that arose from WP and OBI donations, respectively, would have been interdicted by ID‐NAT. The ID‐NAT trial revealed that 1.94% of donations with low anti‐HBc and anti‐HBs titers were viremic and that anti‐HBc titers and the frequency of viremia did not correlate. CONCLUSIONS: The JRC has elected to achieve maximal safety by discarding all units with low anti‐HBc and anti‐HBs titers that account for 1.3% of the total donations.     

Prevalence and characteristics of occult hepatitis B virus infection in Japanese human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) is hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative but with detectable HBV DNA. Although HIV infection has been reported to be a risk factor for OBI, the prevalence and clinical features of OBI in Japanese HIV infected patients have not been documented. This retrospective, single-center study was conducted to determine the prevalence and characteristic of OBI in Japanese antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve HIV infected patients. OBI was defined as the presence of serum HBV DNA but without detectable HBsAg. Of the 147 ART naïve HIV infected patients, OBI was detected in 9 (6.1%) patients; 2 (4.3%) of 47 with both anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive, 6 (27.3%) of 22 with anti-HBc alone, and 1 (2.0%) of 50 with both anti-HBs and anti-HBc negative. The mean HBV DNA level was low at 28.7 ± 18.2 IU/mL. The proportion of OBI patients with anti-HBc alone was significantly higher than that of non-OBI patients (66.7% vs 14.5%, P = 0.001). In addition, the prevalence of AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)-defining illnesses in the OBI group was significantly higher than in the non-OBI group (77.8% vs 35.5%, P = 0.001). No significant difference was found in the CD4 count or alanine aminotransferase levels of these two groups. This is the first study to reveal the prevalence and clinical features of OBI in Japanese HIV-infected patients. The persistence of anti-HBc alone and AIDS-defining illnesses were associated with the occurrence of OBI in these patients.     

无偿献血者隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒Pre-S/S区变异的研究

目的调查无偿献血人群的隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染(OB I)流行率情况与分析Pre-S/S区变异特征。方法使用EIA/NAT方法筛查深圳地区15 338人份无偿献血者血标本,经跟踪检测,获得1例HBV窗口期感染毒株和5例OB I毒株,采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应(QPCR)测定OB I病毒载量,应用巢式聚合酶链反应(Nested-PCR)技术从5例OB I样品中获得3例Pre-S/S基因片段并测定序列,进行基因分型,与对应基因型HBsAg阳性野毒株序列比对。结果深圳市无偿献血者隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染(OB I)的流行率为1∶3 068。5例OB I样品其病毒载量为<1 IU/m l(不能定量)~121.8 IU/m l(中位数为54.6 IU/m l)。3例OB I样本为基因C型,在Pre-S/S蛋白区出现随机变异,OB I样品Pre-S/S区氨基酸置换率显著高于对应基因型野毒株(P<0.01),其中在Pre-S/S区的免疫表位区氨基酸置换率亦显著高于野毒株(P<0.01),但在高频变异的主要亲水区(MHR)却是高度保守,只有1例OB I出现改变基因亚型的I126S变异。结论乙肝病毒的Pre-S/S蛋白区变异,特别是Pre-S/S蛋白免疫表位区的变异,可能是OB I发生机制之一。     

江苏省HBV反应性献血者归队评估模式及其可行性探讨

目的:评估HBV反应性献血者归队风险,探讨HBV归队策略的可行性。方法:对江苏地区既往因HBs Ag+或HBV DNA+被屏蔽的无偿献血人群,屏蔽期6个月后重新抽血,进行常规ELISA(HBs Ag、抗HCV、HIV Ab/Ag、抗TP ELISA)筛查和3次NAT混样检测。对于ELISA和核酸无反应性的标本,再采用电化学发光法(ECLIA)进行HBV血清学标志物(HBs Ag、HBs Ab、HBe Ag、HBe Ab、HBc Ab)检测。结合HBV血清学标志物检测结果与献血者乙肝疫苗注射史,设定4种HBV血清学标志物合格模式,综合评估献血者是否符合归队要求。另外,比较常规筛查与ECLIA法两种检测模式在HBV感染的检出率及HBs Ag+和HBV DNA+献血者的归队合格率上的差异。结果:2016年10月至2019年8月共有737名HBV初筛反应性献血者提出归队申请,其中既往因HBs Ag+或HBV DNA+被屏蔽的献血者分别为667例和70例。737名献血者重新抽血并接受检测,其中通过血清学标志物检测对HBV的检出率最高,占比43.15%(318/737),HBs Ag ELISA法...