Prevalence of intestinal parasite infections among patients in local public hospitals of Hail,Northwestern Saudi Arabia

Objective:To evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasites among patients in Hail,Northwestern Saudi Arabia.Methods:Stool samples were collected from 130 patients(69females and 61 males) in Hail General Hospital.Each sample was examined by direct wet mount microscopic examination using both normal saline and Lugol's iodine preparation and concentration techniques using salt and formol-ether solutions.Permanent stained smears were performed for intestinal coccidian using modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique.Results:The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 45.38%(59 cases).Forty-four(33.84%)were found to be infected with one or more intestinal protozoa.5(3.84%) were infected with helminthes and 10(7.69%) had mixed infection with both helminthes and protozoa.The most common intestinal helminth detected was Ancyloxtoma duvdenale(n=5.3.84%),followed by Ascaris lumlmcnidex.Taenia sp.and Trichuris trichiura(n=2 for each species,1.5%).For intestinal protozoa,the coccidian Cryptosporidium parvum(n=25,19.23%) was the most common followed by Entamoeba histolytica/dispur(n=21,16.15%),Giurdia lamblia(n=15,11.54%),Entamoeba coli(n=5.3.85%) and Blastocysts hominis(n=3,2.30%).The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in females was significantly higher than in males(P0.05).Conclusions:This is the first study highlighting that intestinal parasites are still an important public health problem in Northwestern Saudi Arabia Therefore,health education would be the best way to prevent from intestinal parasite infections which are mainly food borne diseases.     

The present situation of paragonimiasis in endemic area in Phitsanulok Province

A cross-sectional survey and evaluation of paragonimiasis situation from endemic area in Phitsanulok Province was studied. Studies on the species and prevalence of parasites which infected people in Noen Maprang, Phitsanulok Province were also conducted during October 1999-March 2000. The sputum specimens were collected and examined to identify Paragonimus heterotremus eggs. In addition fecal samples were collected and examined for parasites by the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique. P. heterotremus eggs were detected in 2 out of 391 sputum specimens; a prevalence of 0.51%. A total of 584 stool specimens were obtained and examined. It was found that the prevalence of parasitic infection was 36.30%. Opisthorchis viverrini infection was the most prevalent (10.78%), followed by Strongyloides stercoralis (9.59%), hookworm (8.22%), Echinostoma spp (2.23%), minute intestinal flukes (1.54%), Taenia species (1.37%), Enterobius vermicularis (0.68%), Entamoeba coli (1.03%) and Giardia lamblia (0.86%). The prevalent rate of paragonimiasis in this endemic area in Phitsanulok Province has decreased during the past decade. However, there were other important parasite infections, especially opisthorchiasis and strongylodiasis and these should be studied further.     

Knowledge and risk factors of intestinal parasitic infections among women in Makurdi,Benue State

ObjectiveTo assess women's perceptions and risk factors that could expose them to intestinal parasitic infections in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.MethodsA total of 750 faecal samples were collected from women at different reproductive stages (pre-menstrual, menstrual and post-menstrual), and the faeces were tested by the formol ether concentration technique.ResultsA total of 426 (56.8%) samples were found positive for various intestinal parasites with hookworm (4.8%), Ascaris lumbricoides (9.3%), Taenia sp (2.1%), Entamoeba histolytica (18.9%) and Entamoeba coli (21.6%). Women at pre-menstrual and post-menstrual stages recorded higher prevalence rates with 72.8% and 63.9%, respectively. No significant difference in prevalence was observed between women at different reproductive stages and women infected by different parasites (χ² = 30.6, P > 0.05). Sweet things, rotten fruits and improperly cooked meat were perceived as the causes of intestinal parasitic infections among the pre and post menstrual women. Sources of drinking water like river, well, water bought from vendors and patronizing food vendors were observed as risk factors contributing to the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among women. Factors like not washing hands before eating and after defaecation, use of leaves and ordinary papers for cleaning after defaecation were also observed to be contributing to the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections.ConclusionsPersuasive health education and rigorous hygiene measures should be employed in schools, maternity clinics and among the populace to reduce transmission and infection with intestinal parasites.     

Intestinal parasitic infections in HIV/AIDS and HIV seronegative individuals in a teaching hospital, Ethiopia

The magnitude of intestinal parasitic infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) /AIDS patients requires careful consideration in the developing world. However, there have been very few studies addressing this issue in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in HIV/AIDS patients at Jimma Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia, between January and February 2002. Stool specimens from HIV/AIDS patients and control groups were screened for intestinal parasitic infections using direct and formalin-ether sedimentation concentration methods. Out of 78 HIV/AIDS patients, 52.6% (41/78), and out of 26 HIV-negative individuals, 42.3% (11/26), were infected with one or more types of intestinal protozoa and/or helminthes. The parasites detected among HIV/AIDS patients included Ascaris lumbricoides (30.8%), Blastocystis spp. (14.1%), Entamoeba histolytica (10.3%), Trichuris trichiura (6.4%), Strongyloides stercoralis (5.1%), Giardia lamblia (3.8%), Schistosoma mansoni (2.5%), hookworm species (2.5%), and Taenia spp. (1.3%). Multiple infections were more common among HIV/AIDS patients. Blastocystis spp. were found to be significantly higher in HIV/AIDS patients than in controls (P < 0.05). The magnitude of intestinal parasitic infection was high both in HIV/AIDS patients and in controls. Routine examinations of stool samples for parasites would significantly benefit the HIV-infected and uninfected individuals by contributing to reduce morbidity.     

Intestinal protozoa in homosexual men of the San Francisco Bay area: prevalence and correlates of infection

To compare the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in male homosexuals selected from other sources with the levels previously reported from clinic-derived populations, various homosexual groups of the San Francisco Bay Area were checked by means of stool examination and questionnaires for prevalence of intestinal parasites and for related sexual behavioral patterns during a 3-year period. The prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica (28.6%) was similar to that reported in other studies, whereas that of Giardia lamblia was lower. Infection with E. histolytica was correlated significantly with a prior history of syphilis or gonorrhea (P less than 0.0001), with the number of sexual partners in the preceding 12-month period (P less than 0.0001), and with the reported frequency of oral-anal sexual contact (P less than 0.001). Giardial infection was also significantly related to oral-anal sex (P less than 0.001). No relation was seen between the presence or absence of gastrointestinal symptoms and infection with pathogenic protozoa. Factors associated with parasitic infection differed little from those found in previous studies, although significance levels were considerably higher because of the larger size of our study group.     

A cross-sectional study of intestinal parasitic infections among schoolchildren in Nan Province,Northern Thailand

A cross-sectional study of the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections at eight schools in Bo Klau district and four schools in Chalerm Prakiet district, Nan Province, in January and February, 2001. A total of 1,010 fecal samples were examined using the formalin-ether sedimentation technique. Results revealed that the rate of helminthic infection was 60.0%, while protozoa accounted for 36.2% of infections; mixed infections were common, resulting in a total prevalence of both parasites of 68.1%. Helminthic parasites, listed by frequency of infections, were Ascaris lumbricoides (21.7%), hookworm (18.5%), Trichuris trichiura (16.3%), Opisthorchis viverrini (1.7%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.9%) and Enterobius vermicularis (0.9%). The protozoal infections were Entamoeba coli (25.8%), Giardia lamblia (5.3%), Endolimax nana (2.5%), Entamoeba histolytica (1.4%), Blastocystis hominis (0.8%), Chilomastix mesnili (0.3%) and Iodamoeba bütschlii (0.1%). This study emphasizes the need for improved environmental hygiene ie clean water supplies and enhanced sanitation, in affected communities. Health promotion, by means of a school-based educational approach is recommended; regular check-ups should be implemented, and a continuos program of treatment should be considered.     

某医学院学生肠道寄生虫感染情况调查

目的 了解某医学院2008-2010级学生常见肠道寄生虫感染情况。方法 采用生理盐水直接涂片法和碘液涂片法,镜检学生自留粪便标本,以粪便中查出虫卵或包囊为确诊依据。结果 结果显示,受检1 063名学生中,总感染率为0.66%（7/1 063）,男生感染率为0.95%（3/315）,女生感染率为0.53%（4/748）,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。其中蛔虫感染率为0.47%（5/1 063）,溶组织内阿米巴为0.09%（1/1 063）,结肠阿米巴为0.09%（1/1063）。2008-2010级感染率分别为1.12%（4/358）、0.71%（2/281）和0.24%（1/424）。结论 某医学院2008-2010年级学生常见肠道寄生虫感染较低,其中蛔虫感染率较高。今后应加强对学生进行卫生宣传教育,提高全校学生的防病意识,改善不良的饮食习惯。     

Entamoeba histolytica and other parasitic infections in south Kanara district, Karnataka

Single stool specimens collected from 1,020 apparently healthy people of the South Kanara District, were processed for intestinal parasites using three parasitological methods viz. (a) Direct smear in physiological saline and D'Antoni's iodine, (b) Zinc sulfate concentration method and (c) by culture in modified Boek and Drbolhav medium. Of these 781 (76.51 per cent) were found to be infected with parasites. The prevalence of various intestinal parasites was: Ascaris lumbricoides (48.33 per cent), Necator americanus (46.86 per cent), Trichuris trichiura (42.75 per cent), Entamoeba coli (23.24 per cent), Entamoeba histolytica (7.94 per cent), Enterobius vermicularis (2.84 per cent), Giardia intestinalis (2.45 per cent), Iodamoeba buitschlii (1.57 per cent), Entamoeba hartmanni (1.37 per cent), Trichomonas hominis (0.88 per cent), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.68 per cent), Hymenolepis nana (0.49 per cent), Chilomastis mesnili (0.10 per cent) and Endolimax nana (0.10 per cent). High incidence of parasitic infections was recorded in females and age group of 6-14 years.     

Intestinal helminthiasis and haemoparasitism in an area of endemic dracunculiasis in Oyo State of Nigeria

In the course of a survey of human intestinal and haemoparasites in Oluyole Local Government Area of Nigeria known to be endemic for dracunculiasis, most of the inhabitants were burdened with parasitic infections which include ascariasis (43.7%), hookworm infection (27.1%), trichuriasis (31%), Strongyloidiasis (2.5%), Entamoeba histolytica infestation (3.9%), E. coli infestation (2.7%) and plasmodiasis (43.7%). Peak of ascariasis was among the 1-10 years age group while those of trichuriasis, hookworm, strongyloidiasis and Plasmodiasis were in the 11-20 years age group. The packed cell volume is generally low among the people.     

Biomedical survey in Irian Jaya (West Irian), Indonesia.

A biomedical survey was conducted in several areas of Irian Jaya, Indonesia in July 1972 in association with an investigation of reports of a cholera outbreak. Stool specimens, blood smears and sera were collected and examined for evidence of parasitic as well as other infectious diseases. A total of 114 stools were examined and the most commonly found intestinal parasites were Trichuris trichiura (94%), Ascaris lumbricoides (74%), hookworm (58%), Entamoeba coli (15%), Endolimax nana (8%), Entamoeba histolytica (7), Entamoeba hartmanni (4%), Giardia lamblia (3%) and Chilomastix mesnili (3%). A total of 513 blood smears were examined and Wucheria bancrofti microfilariae were detected in 4% and malaria in 4% (Plasmodium falciparum 3%, Plasmodium vivax 2%). The malaria and filarial positive individuals lived in Beeuw, Waigeo and Arar, Sorong. These parasitic infections were not detected in people from Biak City and Sburia, Biak. Sera were collected from 357 persons and significant antibody titers were found for Entamoeba histolytica (4%) Toxoplasma gondii (7%), Influenza A2 Hong Kong 68 (65%), Influenza B Taiwan 68 (78%), Japanese encephalitis virus (87%) and Dengue 1 virus (79%).     

Intestinal parasites in school-aged children in villages bordering Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia

The objective of this study was to study Schistosoma mekongi and other intestinal parasitic infections, and intestinal symptoms and related complaints among school-age children and adolescents living around Tonle Sap Lake. Villages were selected where there were potential signs of schistosomiasis (hepatomegaly), and where subjects complained of intestinal symptoms. Stool samples were collected from 1,616 children and were examined by Kato-Katz, SAF concentration, and Baermann technique; short clinical examinations were also performed. No S. mekongi infection was detected, although a high level of intense human water contacts was reported. Helminth infection such as Ascaris lumbricoides (27.7%) and hookworms (29.7%) were common. Trichuris trichiura 4.4%), Hymenolepis nana (6.2%), Giardia lamblia (4.2%), and Entamoeba spp (14.4%) were also recorded. Strongyloides stercoralis was frequently diagnosed (20.2%). It was concluded that it is unlikely that S. mekongi is transmitted in Tonle Sap Lake. However, other intestinal parasitic infections are widespread. In particular, S. stercoralis should be considered an important etiologic agent in children and adolescents with abdominal complaints.     

山东省三个片区人体肠道寄生虫感染家庭聚集性分析

本文采用二项分布齐性检验的Ｇ统计量法及二项分布拟合法，对山东省的鲁东、鲁中、鲁西南２１个县（市、区）的１１９０７个农村家庭，４６８９０人的肠道寄生虫感染进行家庭聚集性分析。结果表明：钩虫、蛔虫、鞭虫、结肠内阿米巴、哈门氏内阿米巴、蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫６种寄生虫感染均具有明显的家庭聚集性，溶组织内阿米巴由于人群感染率低，阳性户数少而未显示出家庭聚集性现象。三个片区的寄生虫感染在家庭内的分布情况基本一致。     

Comparative study of entero-parasitic infections among HIV sero-positive and sero-negative patients in Lagos, Nigeria

Background

Intestinal parasites are endemic in many parts of the world where HIV infection is also widespread. Previous studies had shown that the spectrum of opportunistic and common endemic parasitic infections with HIV vary in different regions and usually reflect the infections prevalent in these regions. This present study was aimed at comparing the prevalence and types of intestinal parasitic infections in HIV sero-positive and sero-negative patients in Lagos.

Materials and methods

Venous blood and stool samples of 1080 patients, recruited from three health care institutions were screened for HIV infection and intestinal parasites using HIV-1, HIV-2 rapid tests, direct wet mount with saline/iodine and formol-ether technique, respectively.

Results

Results showed that 6% (65/1080) of patients were sero-positive for HIV infection. In addition, 23.3% (252/1080) patients were infected with intestinal parasites and 33.8% (22/65) of patients with HIV had intestinal parasites co-infections. The prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba coli, Iodamoeba butschilii, Giardia intestinalis, and Hookworm were statistically significantly higher among HIV sero-positive patients as compared to the HIV sero-negative patients. In addition, HIV sero-positive patients had higher odds of mixed intestinal parasites than the HIV sero-negative patients (9.1% versus 3.9%; adjusted OR 2.05, 95% CI, 1.14–3.72, P = 0.021).

Conclusion

In this study population, HIV sero-positive patients were more likely to have intestinal parasitic infections. The study underscores the public health significance of intestinal parasitic infections in HIV infected individuals.     

广西白裤瑶地区居民肠道寄生虫感染现状调查

目的了解广西白裤瑶少数民族地区居民肠道寄生虫感染情况,为进一步防治策略制定和实施提供依据。方法收集白裤瑶聚居区居民的一般人口学情况,采集粪便标本,采用改良加藤厚涂片法和生理盐水涂片法对粪样进行检查。结果调查广西白裤瑶聚居地居民671人,肠道寄生虫感染386人,感染率57.53%,其中白裤瑶居民感染率71.02%。检出9种肠道寄生虫,钩虫感染率33.68%,蛔虫感染率24.89%,鞭虫感染率9.84%,人芽囊原虫感染率10.87%,蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫感染率1.15%,结肠内阿米巴原虫感染率4.45%,溶组织内阿米巴原虫感染率1.65%,其他寄生虫感染率0.33%。不同年龄、不同民族居民的感染率差异有统计学意义。结论肠道寄生虫感染仍是广西山区农村尤其是少数民族地区突出的公共卫生问题。     

Giardiasis and other intestinal parasitic infections in relation to anthropometric indicators of malnutrition: a large, population-based survey of schoolchildren in Tehran

The morbidity of intestinal parasitic infections is greatest among children of school age and may have an adverse effect on growth. In the present, cross-sectional study, the association between previously undiagnosed intestinal parasitic infections and growth was assessed in 19,209 children attending elementary schools in Tehran. The physical growth of these children was investigated by recording body weights, heights and weight-for-age Z scores. Faecal samples were collected and each checked for intestinal parasites using four methods (the microscopical examination of a smear stained with Lugol's iodine, a smear prepared by formol-ether concentration, a wet smear in physiological normal saline, and a strip of adhesive tape that had been pressed against the subject's peri-anal region). The association between intestinal parasitic infection and growth was explored using multivariable models adjusted for the influence of age and polyparasitism. The prevalence of infection with any intestinal parasite was 18.4%. The prevalences of stunting (3.8% v. 2.8%), wasting (22.7% v. 20.4%) and the combination of stunting and wasting (3.7% v. 2.8%) were all significantly higher in the infected children than in the uninfected (P<0.01 for each). Although at least nine species of parasite were detected, only two, Giardia lamblia and Enterobius vermicularis, were each significantly associated with low height for age (stunting) and low weight for height (wasting). There were no such reductions with Ascaris lumbricodes, hookworm, Blastocystis hominis, Hymenolepis nana or Entamoeba coli infection. The data indicate fairly high prevalences of previously undiagnosed intestinal parasitic infections and highlight important interactions between nutrition and some of the parasites detected. School health programmes aimed at reducing the prevalences of parasitic infections (particularly giardiasis and enterobiasis) in schoolchildren, which may well have beneficial effects on growth and educational outcome, are clearly needed in Tehran.     

Gender variations in the prevalence of parasitic infections and the level of awareness in adolescents in rural Nepal

The study was conducted in rural school adolescent children to investigate the awareness and its association in parasitic infections in boys and girls. Of the 182 children examined 119 (65.3%) were male and 63 (34.6%) were female, age ranged 12-20 years with median age 15 years. Out of 182 stool samples examined 73 (40%) were found to be positive for parasites in which two or more parasites were found in 10 stool samples. Giardia lamblia 33 (18.1%) was the predominant parasite followed by hook worm 27 (14.8%) Entamoeba histolytica 13 (7.1%), Ascaris lumbricoides 05 (2.7%), Hyminolepis nana 02 (2.2%) and Trichuris trichiuria 01 (0.5%). Thirty-one (49.2%) in 63 females and 40 (33.6%) of the 119 males were positive for parasitic infections. The prevalence of worm infection was significantly higher in female children than male (p < or = 0.05). In contrast to the high parasitic prevalence rate in females they possessed significantly higher levels of awareness about parasitic infections. Out of 119 males 99 (83.2%) and 61 (96.8%) of the 63 females (p < or = 0.05) knew that worms suck food from host body. Similarly, 62.2% of males and 96.85 of females (p < or = 0.05) knew that parasites suck blood from human body. More study should be carried out to find out the gender difference in parasitic infection and level of exposure to risk factors.     

Intestinal parasitic infection among new refugees to Minnesota, 1996-2001

OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of pathogenic intestinal parasitic infection in primary refugees to Minnesota (MN). Secondary objectives were to determine the association of intestinal parasitic infection with gender, age and continent of origin. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on the first refugee screening visits done between January 1, 1996 and December 31, 2001 on data from the Minnesota Department of Health. RESULTS: Of the 10,358 refugees with screening results, 1969 (19%) had pathogenic intestinal parasites. Parasites were more common in men (OR=1.3; p<0.0001) and were less prevalent with increasing 10 year age intervals (OR=0.79; p<0.001). Asians had the highest proportion of refugees with intestinal parasitic infection (33.6%; p<0.0001). The most common pathogenic intestinal parasites were Trichuris trichiura (7.1%), Giardia lamblia (5.7%), Ascaris lumbricoides (2.1%), and hookworm (2.0%). CONCLUSION: In this study almost 20% of newly arrived refugees to the state of MN had evidence of intestinal parasitic infection. With very little organized access to health care following arrival of refugees to a new country, risk of transmission of infection, and persistence of infection, the first health visit should be used as a critical opportunity for the screening and treatment of high-risk patients. Future public health work should focus on enhanced screening and surveillance strategies, follow-up for ensuring adequate treatment completion and eradication of parasitosis, as well as research on cost effectiveness of screening versus predeparture anti-helminthic treatment.     

Parasitology survey and seroepidemiology of amoebiasis in South Kalimantan (Borneo), Indonesia.

A parasitology surevy was conducted among inhabitants of 7 villages in 3 regencies in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. A total of 2,169 stool specimens, 2,756 blood smears and 1,027 serum specimens were obtained, representing samples from approximately 10%, 12% and 5% of the population, respectively. One to 8 different intestinal parasitic infections were detected in 97% of the people. Those parasites most frequently found were Trichuris trichiura (83%), Ascaris lumbricoides (79%), and hookworm (65%), followed by Entamoeba coli (37%), Endolimaxnana (12%), Entamoeba histolytica (12%), Iodamoeba bütschlii (11%), Giardia lamblia (5%), Entamoeba hartmanni (2%), Chilomastix mesnili (2%). Other parasites found were Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides stercoralis, Capillaria sp., Echinostoma sp., Hymenolepis diminuta, and Trichomonas hominis. Giardia lamblia was found more often in younger people and Entamoeba coli, Iodamoeba bütschlii and hookworm in the older age group. Ascaris lumbricoides occurred more frequently in females, and hookworm in males. Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum were found in the blood smears of 4.4% of the people, mostly in the younger age groups. Seroepidemiological studies on amoebiasis were done by use of the indirect hemagglutination test with antigens prepared from the HK9 strain of Entamoeba histolytica maintained in axenic cultures. The frequency distribution of the reciprocal antibody titers showed a bimodal distribution with 34% of the population demonstrating positive reactions at titers of 1:128 or greater.     

河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫病流行现状及影响因素分析

目的　了解河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫病流行现状及影响因素。方法　2014–2015年按照《全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查实施细则》的要求，根据河南省不同生态区划分及经济水平确定调查县（市），根据被调查县（市）地形和经济水平等因素分层，每层随机抽取1个乡（镇）、每个乡（镇）随机抽取1个自然村作为调查点，共选取35个县（市）的104个点开展儿童肠道寄生虫病现状调查。每个调查点至少收集250份被调查者的新鲜粪样，采用改良加藤厚涂片（Kato?Katz）法检查肠道蠕虫卵，采用试管滤纸培养法鉴别美洲钩虫与十二指肠钩虫，应用生理盐水和碘液直接涂片法查肠道原虫滋养体和包囊；同时对3 ~ 6岁儿童采用透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫卵和带绦虫卵。结果　河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫感染率为3.21%（214/6 671），肠道蠕虫感染率（2.62%，175/6 671）高于原虫（0.60%，40/6 671）。共检出12种肠道寄生虫，其中肠道线虫4种、吸虫1种、原虫7种；所有检出虫种中以蛲虫感染率最高，为2.47%（161/6 671）。全省4个生态区中，秦巴山地生态区儿童肠道寄生虫感染率最高，为5.85%（90/1 538）。男、女儿童肠道寄生虫感染率差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05），不同年龄组（[χ2] = 32.762，P < 0.05）和文化程度（[χ2] = 67.507，P < 0.05）儿童肠道寄生虫感染率差异均有统计学意义，且各年龄组均以蛲虫感染为主。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示，文化程度高、无害化厕所覆盖率高、饮用自来水及集体驱虫是儿童感染肠道寄生虫的保护因素。本次调查河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫总感染率明显低于首次全国人体寄生虫分布调查和全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查中河南省的相关数据，呈逐渐下降趋势。结论　河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫感染率呈明显下降趋势，蛲虫应成为今后河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫病的防治重点。     

河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫病流行现状及影响因素分析

目的　了解河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫病流行现状及影响因素。方法　2014–2015年按照《全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查实施细则》的要求,根据河南省不同生态区划分及经济水平确定调查县（市）,根据被调查县（市）地形和经济水平等因素分层,每层随机抽取1个乡（镇）、每个乡（镇）随机抽取1个自然村作为调查点,共选取35个县（市）的104个点开展儿童肠道寄生虫病现状调查。每个调查点至少收集250份被调查者的新鲜粪样,采用改良加藤厚涂片（Kato?Katz）法检查肠道蠕虫卵,采用试管滤纸培养法鉴别美洲钩虫与十二指肠钩虫,应用生理盐水和碘液直接涂片法查肠道原虫滋养体和包囊;同时对3 ~ 6岁儿童采用透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫卵和带绦虫卵。结果　河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫感染率为3.21%（214/6 671）,肠道蠕虫感染率（2.62%,175/6 671）高于原虫（0.60%,40/6 671）。共检出12种肠道寄生虫,其中肠道线虫4种、吸虫1种、原虫7种;所有检出虫种中以蛲虫感染率最高,为2.47%（161/6 671）。全省4个生态区中,秦巴山地生态区儿童肠道寄生虫感染率最高,为5.85%（90/1 538）。男、女儿童肠道寄生虫感染率差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）,不同年龄组（[χ2] = 32.762,P < 0.05）和文化程度（[χ2] = 67.507,P < 0.05）儿童肠道寄生虫感染率差异均有统计学意义,且各年龄组均以蛲虫感染为主。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度高、无害化厕所覆盖率高、饮用自来水及集体驱虫是儿童感染肠道寄生虫的保护因素。本次调查河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫总感染率明显低于首次全国人体寄生虫分布调查和全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查中河南省的相关数据,呈逐渐下降趋势。结论　河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫感染率呈明显下降趋势,蛲虫应成为今后河南省农村儿童肠道寄生虫病的防治重点。