Identifying good prognosis group of breast cancer patients with 1-3 positive axillary nodes for adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) chemotherapy

OBJECTIVE: We conducted a retrospective analysis of prognosis factors for survival in breast cancer patients with 1-3 axillary lymph node metastases and tried to identify a subset of patients with good prognosis suitable for cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS: A cohort of 446 breast cancer patients received definite surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy with CMF at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from 1990 to 1998. They were enrolled in the study. The median follow-up time was 69 months. Prognostic factors including age, tumor size, number of involved nodes, steroid receptor status, tumor ploidy, synthetic-phase fraction, histologic grade and administration of tamoxifen were analysed for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) by Cox regression model. RESULTS: The estimated 5 year OS and DFS for all patients were 85.4 and 71.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size, age and estrogen receptor (ER) status were independent prognostic factors for OS, and tumor size, age, ER status and number of involved nodes were independent prognostic factors for DFS. The 5 year OS rates of the low-risk group (age >40, tumor < or =3 cm and positive ER) and average-risk group (either age < or =40, tumor >3 cm or negative ER) were 98.8 and 82.4%, respectively (P = 0.0001). The 5 year DFS of the low-risk and high-risk group were 88.2 and 67.7%, respectively (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Among breast cancer patients with 1-3 positive lymph nodes excellent survival rate was found in those who had favorable prognostic factors, including age >40, tumor size < or =3 cm and positive ER. Adjuvant chemotherapy with CMF regimen is optimal for these low-risk patients.     

Extent of lymphadenectomy and outcome for patients with stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer

BACKGROUND:

It is uncertain whether lymphadenectomy (LA) affects overall survival (OS) or disease‐free survival (DFS) rates for patients with stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as is the optimal number of lymph nodes that should be recovered.

METHODS:

There were 24,273 patients with stage I NSCLC diagnosed from 1992 to 2002 who were included in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and who underwent a definitive surgical procedure. Median follow‐up was 35 months.

RESULTS:

For the entire population, having LA was associated with an increase in the 5‐year OS rate from 41.6% to 58.4% (P<.0001) and in DFS from 58.0% to 73.09%, compared with not having LA. Outcome improved with increasing number of recovered lymph nodes, with a plateau at 11 or more lymph nodes. For patients diagnosed from 1998 to 2002 undergoing only N1 or only N2 dissections, LA was also associated with statistically significant improvements in OS in both groups and a significant difference and trend for improved DFS in the 2 groups, respectively. The maximum differences in both OS and DFS between those with no LA and those with LA occurred when 11 to 16 lymph nodes were removed for the former group or 7 to 10 lymph nodes for the latter group, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

LA was associated with increased rates of OS and DFS, compared with no LA. Our results also suggest the minimum number of recovered lymph nodes needed to see the maximum staging accuracy conferred by LA. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.     

乳腺癌术后放疗对分子亚型与预后关系影响分析

目的 回顾分析术后放疗对乳腺癌分子亚型与生存关系的影响。方法 对2008年收治的716例首次行单侧乳腺癌手术女性患者,按2011 St. Gallen标准分为Luminal A型(LA)、B-HER-2阴性型(LB1)、Luminal B-HER-2阳性型(LB2)、HER-2过表达型(HER-2⁺)、三阴型(TN)和未分型组。采用Cox模型分析总体、非放疗、放疗组中亚型间OS和DFS差异。Kaplan-Meier法计算OS、DFS,Cox模型因素分析。结果 中位随访71.4个月,总死亡率为10.5%、治疗失败(死亡+复发+转移)率为14.9%。术后放疗组217例(30.3%)。多因素分析OS在各组中亚型间差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);DFS在总体中LB1、未分型较LA型的差(HR=1.881、1.907,P=0.035、0.049),在非放疗组中LB1较LA型的差(HR=3.324,P=0.01);在放疗组中各亚型的均相近(P均>0.05)。放疗和亚型二维交叉分析表明非放疗组LB1与放疗组LA比较有降低OS (P=0.09)和DFS (P=0.06)趋势。结论 与LA型相比,LB1型有降低OS、DFS趋势,以非放疗患者明显;放疗对分子亚型和生存预后关系无影响。     

Esophagectomy With Three-Field Versus Two-Field Lymphadenectomy for Middle and Lower Thoracic Esophageal Cancer: Long-Term Outcomes of a Randomized Clinical Trial

IntroductionThe optimal extent of lymphadenectomy during esophagectomy remains unclear. In this trial, we aim to clarify whether three-field (cervical-thoracic-abdominal) lymphadenectomy improved patient survival over two-field (thoracic-abdominal) lymphadenectomy for esophageal cancer.MethodsBetween March 2013 and November 2016, a total of 400 patients with middle and lower thoracic esophageal cancer were included and randomly assigned to undergo esophagectomy with either three- or two-field lymphadenectomy at a 1:1 ratio. Analyses were done according to the intention-to-treat principle. The primary end point was overall survival (OS), calculated from the date of randomization to the date of death from any cause.ResultsDemographic characteristics were similar in the two arms. The median follow-up time was 55 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 52–58). OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.019, 95% CI: 0.727–1.428, p = 0.912) and the disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 0.868, 95% CI: 0.636–1.184, p = 0.371) were comparable between the two arms. The cumulative 5-year OS was 63% in the three-field arm, as compared with 63% in the two-field arm; 5-year DFS was 59% and 53%, respectively. On the basis of whether the patients had mediastinal or abdominal lymph node metastasis or not, OS was also comparable between the two arms. In this cohort, only advanced tumor stage (pathologic TNM stages III–IV) was identified as the risk factor associated with reduced OS (HR = 3.330, 95% CI: 2.140–5.183, p < 0.001).ConclusionsFor patients with middle and lower thoracic esophageal cancer, there was no improvement in OS or DFS after esophagectomy with three-field lymphadenectomy over two-field lymphadenectomy.     

Ⅲ型与Ⅰ型全子宫根治切除术治疗早期宫颈癌临床疗效和安全性的对比研究

目的:探讨Ⅲ型和Ⅰ型全子宫根治切除术治疗直径≤2 cm Ⅰb１期宫颈癌疗效及安全性差异,为制定更佳的手术方案积累循证医学证据。方法:选取我院2012年01月至2016年10月收治直径≤2 cm Ⅰb１期宫颈癌患者共132例,其中82例采用Ⅲ型全子宫根治切除术治疗设为对照组,50例采用I型全子宫根治切除术治疗设为观察组,比较两组手术相关临床指标,手术相关并发症发生率,随访OS率、PFS率及复发率。结果:观察组手术操作时间、术中失血量、输血率、术后胃肠蠕动恢复时间及术后住院时间显著少于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组盆腔淋巴结清扫数量比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;观察组术中术后相关并发症发生率均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组随访OS率、PFS率及复发率比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论:相较于Ⅲ型全子宫根治切除术,I型全子宫根治切除术治疗直径≤2 cm Ⅰb１期宫颈癌可有效降低术中创伤,促进术后康复,并有助于预防术中术后并发症出现,同时两种手术方案在患者生存获益方面接近。     

Over-DI dissection may question the value of radiotherapy as a part of an adjuvant programme in high-risk radically resected gastric cancer patients

The aim of our analysis was to assess retrospectively the effect on local relapse, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of a limited or an extended lymphadenectomy in radically resected gastric cancer patients. This study was performed in order to identify a subgroup of patients possibly not benefiting from a therapeutic approach such as chemoradiation therapy. We divided our patients into two groups according to lymphadenectomy type: group A for limited (<25 resected lymph nodes) and group B for extended (>25 resected lymph nodes) lymph nodes resection. A total of 418 patients were analysed: tumour stage at diagnosis was pT2-3 pN1-3 M0 in 339 patients and pT3 N0 M0 in 79 patients. Median age at diagnosis was 68 years (range 30-92 years). A total of 306 patients (73.2%) were in group A and 112 (26.8%) in group B. The median survival time (OS) for patients in groups A and B was 58.8 and 84.8 months, respectively (P=0.0371); median DFS was 28.8 months in group A and 59.9 months in group B (P=0.0027). At multivariate analysis, extension within the gastric wall, nodal involvement and the number of resected lymph nodes appeared to affect both OS and DFS. An inadequate lymph nodes resection can affect survival and result in a higher incidence of local relapse, making the latter group of patients optimal candidates for adjuvant chemoradiation.     

Does an extended mediastinal lymphadenectomy improve outcome after R0 resection in lung cancer?

Objective： This retrospective study was conducted to investigate the impact of more extended mediastinal lymphadenectomy on the outcome of lung cancer patients treated with R0 resection. Methods： During the investigation period, 325 lung cancer cases were enlisted and 278 cases entered the analysis. The patients were divided into Control group （n=116） and Research group （n=162） according to the different extents of mediastinal lymph node clearance at different time periods. Three major parameters were retrospectively assessed to compare the quality of surgical care： extent of lymph node clearance, resection volume, and postoperative recovery process and common complications. Comparison of the outcome between two groups was carried out. Results： Research group showed a significant quality improvement of lymphadenectomy, such as more mediastinal node stations investigated （more than 3 N2 stations investigated： Research group, 90.7% vs. Control group, 55.2%; P=0.001） and more nodes collection （total nodes 26.1±10.0 vs. 19.1±8.3, P=0.000; N2 nodes 15.5±7.2 vs. 9.8±5.6, P=0.000）. However, overall survival （OS） and disease-free survival （DFS） were not significantly different either between two groups （5-year OS： Control group, 56.4±4.6% vs. Research group, 62.6±4.3%; P=0.271） or between subgroups from stage I to IIIa. TNM stage and histology were significant factors associated with OS and DFS in multivariate analysis; extent of mediastinal lymphadenectomy was not associated with OS or DFS. Conclusions： More radical mediastinal lymphadenectomy may not lead to an improved oncological outcome for lung cancer treated with R0 resection.     

Surgical outcomes of gastrectomy with D1 lymph node dissection performed for patients with unfavorable clinical conditions

BackgroundGastric cancer (GC) patients with advanced age and/or multiple morbidities have limited expected survival and may not benefit from extended lymph node resection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes of these GC patients who underwent gastrectomy with D1 dissection.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all GC patients who underwent gastrectomy with curative intent from 2009 to 2017. The decision to perform D1 was based on preoperative multidisciplinary meeting, and/or intraoperative clinical judgment.ResultsAmong 460 enrolled patients, 73 (15.9%) underwent D1 lymphadenectomy and 387 (84.1%) D2 lymphadenectomy. Male gender, older age, American Society of Anesthesiologists score (ASA) III/IV, higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were more common in the D1 group. Postoperative major complications were significantly higher in D1 group (24.7% vs 12.4%, p < 0.001) and mostly related to clinical complications. Locoregional recurrence was higher in the D1 group (53.8% vs 39.5%, p = 0.330) however, without statistical significance. No difference was found in disease-free survival (DFS) between D1 and D2 patients with positive lymph nodes (p = 0.192), whereas overall survival was longer in the D2 group (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant impact on survival of age ≥70 years, CCI ≥5, total gastrectomy, D1 lymphadenectomy and advanced stages (III/IV).ConclusionsFrail patients had high surgical mortality even when submitted to D1 dissection. DFS was comparable to D2. Extent of lymphadenectomy in high-risk patients should take in account the expectation of a decrease in surgical risk with the possibility of impairment of long-term survival.     

Lower‐Limb Drainage Mapping for Lymphedema Risk Reduction After Pelvic Lymphadenectomy for Endometrial Cancer

Objectives.

Pelvic lymphadenectomy is associated with a significant risk of lower-limb lymphedema. In this proof-of-concept study, we evaluated the feasibility of identifying the lower-limb drainage nodes (LLDNs) during pelvic lymphadenectomy for endometrial cancer. Secondary objectives were to map lower-limb drainage and to assess the diagnostic value of our mapping technique.

Methods.

This prospective study included patients with endometrial cancer requiring pelvic lymphadenectomy, without neoadjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy and without history of lower-limb surgery. A radiopharmaceutical was injected into both feet on the day before surgery. LLDNs were identified using preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative isotopic probe detection, then removed before complete pelvic lymphadenectomy. LLDNs and pelvic lymphadenectomy specimens underwent separate histological analysis.

Results.

Of the 12 patients with early-stage endometrial cancer, 10 underwent preoperative lymphoscintigraphy, which consistently identified inguinal, femoral, and pelvic LLDNs (detection rate: 100%). The intraoperative detection rate was 83% (10/12). Median number of hot nodes per patient was 5 nodes (range: 3–7) on the right and 3 nodes (range: 2–6) on the left. Of 107 LLDNs, 106 were in the external iliac area, including 38 in the lateral group and 45 in the intermediate and medial groups. None of the patients had node metastases at any site. No early complications related to the technique occurred.

Conclusion.

Our mapping technique appears feasible, safe, and associated with a high LLDN identification rate. LLDN mapping may allow the preservation of LLDNs, thereby decreasing the risk of lower-limb lymphedema and improving quality of life.     

Risks and benefits of systematic lymphadenectomy during interval debulking surgery for advanced high grade serous ovarian cancer

BackgroundLymphadenectomy is debated in patients with ovarian cancer. The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of lymphadenectomy in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS).MethodsA retrospective, unicentric study including all patients undergoing NACT and IDS was carried out from 2005 to 2018. Patients with and without lymphadenectomy were compared in terms of recurrence free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), and complication rates.ResultsWe included 203 patients. Of these, 133 had a lymphadenectomy (65.5%) and 77 had involved nodes (57.9%). Patients without a lymphadenectomy were older, had a more extensive disease and less complete CRS. No differences were noted between the lymphadenectomy and no lymphadenectomy group concerning 2-year RFS (47.4% and 48.6%, p = 0.87, respectively) and 5-year OS (63.2% versus 58.6%, p = 0.41, respectively). Post-operative complications tended to be more frequent in the lymphadenectomy group (18.57% versus 31.58%, p = 0.09). In patients with a lymphadenectomy, survival was significantly altered if the nodes were involved (positive nodes: 2-year RFS 42.5% and 5-year OS 49.4%, negative nodes: 2-year RFS 60.7% and 5-year OS 82.2%, p = 0.03 and p < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionLymphadenectomy during IDS does not improve survival and increases post-operative complications.     

局部晚期胃癌术后预后因素分析及对术后辅助治疗意义探讨

目的 通过分析局部晚期胃癌根治术后患者预后因素,对伴有高危复发因素的患者可能从术后辅助放化疗中受益进行探讨.方法 回顾分析2002-2004年在本院接受胃癌根治术(R0切除且>D1淋巴结清扫术)、病理分期为T3～4N0～1M0、TxN2～3M0期的297例患者,对其预后影响因素进行分析.76.1%患者接受了术后辅助化疗.结果 中位随访时间61个月,随访率为92.3%.全部患者5年总生存(OS)、无瘤生存(DFS)、无局部区域复发生存(LRFS)、无远处转移生存(DMFS)率分别为57.9%、52.2%、70.6%、71.7%.多因素分析确定Borrmann分型、淋巴结检出总数、阳性淋巴结数和术后病理分期为4个主要影响因素(因其中任一种因素同时对3个生存率都有影响,χ2=3.94～16.34,P<0.05),并以此4个因素组合成预后良好组(0个因素)、预后较好组(1个因素)、预后较差组(2个因素)、预后不良组(3～4个因素).上述4个预后分组的OS,DFS,LRFS,DMFS率分别为85.7%、61.0%、58.6%、38.6%(χ2=31.20,P<0.01),85.2%、61.3%、48.1%、31.8%(χ2=31.88,P<0.01),94.4%、77.8%、64.4%、57.2%(χ2=18.36,P<0.01),87.9%、75.0%、74.2%、55.5%(χ2=19.30,P<0.01).结论 局部晚期胃癌R0切除且>D1淋巴结清扫术并接受术后化疗患者长期生存仍较差,具有≥2个预后不良因素患者生存率低、复发率高,可对此类患者进行术后辅助治疗的前瞻性研究.

Abstract：

Objective To identify high-risk group among gastric cancer patients treated with curative resection and more than D1 dissection, and investigate the indications for proper adjuvant therapy.Methods 297 patients who met the following enrolled criteria were retrospectively analyzed:treated between January 2002 and December 2004, primary gastric or gastroesophageal cancer, underwent curative gastrectomy and more than D1 lymphadenectomy, pathologically staged as T3-4N0-1M0,or TxN2-3M0.The overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), local-regional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were calculated, and possible prognostic factors were analyzed.Results The median follow-up time was 61 months.The follow-up rate was 92.3%.The 5-year OS, DFS, LRFS and DMFS were 57.9%, 52.2%, 70.6% and 71.7%, respectively.Four independent prognostic variables identified for OS, DFS, LRFS and DMFS using multivariate analysis were Borrmann type (Ⅰ+Ⅱ/Ⅲ+Ⅳ), total number of dissected lymph nodes (>18/≤18), number of positive lymph nodes (0-3/≥4), and 6th AJCC TNM stage (Ⅱ+Ⅲ a/Ⅲ b+ⅣM0)(χ2=3.94-16.34,P<0.05).If one unfavorable prognostic factor was scored as 1, according to the total scores of the four prognostic factors, four risk groups were generated as low (score:0), low-intermediate (score:1), high-intermediate (score:2) and high risk group (score:3 or 4).The 5-year OS, DFS, LRFS and DMFS were 85.7%, 61.0%, 58.6% and 38.6%(χ2=31.20,P<0.01) in low risk group, 85.2%, 61.3%, 48.1% and 31.8%(χ2=31.88,P<0.01) in low-intermediate risk group, 94.4%, 77.8%, 64.4% and 57.2%(χ2=18.36,P<0.01) in high-intermediate risk group and 87.9%, 75.0%, 74.2% and 55.5%(χ2=19.30,P<0.01) in high risk group.Conclusions Even with R0 resection and more than D1 lymphadenectomy, the outcome was poor for gastric cancer patients with two or more unfavorable prognostic factors.Prospective study is warranted to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy for this group of patients.     

Long-term oncological safety of minimally invasive surgery in high-risk endometrial cancer

BackgroundSeveral studies showed that women with low-risk endometrial cancers staged by minimally invasive surgery (MIS) experience fewer postoperative complications compared to those staged by laparotomy with similar disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). However, high-risk patients were poorly represented. In this study, we compared DFS and OS in high-risk endometrial cancer patients who underwent surgical staging via MIS versus laparotomy.MethodsUsing a multicentric database, we compared DFS and OS between 114 patients with high-risk histology who underwent surgical staging via MIS and 114 patients who underwent laparotomy. Patients were matched for age, tumour type, FIGO stage and management criteria.ResultsAmong the 114 patients who underwent MIS, 93 underwent laparoscopy and 21 robotic surgery. Groups were comparable for stage, body mass index, histology and adjuvant therapies. However, patients in the MIS group underwent paraaortic lymphadenectomy less frequently (13% versus 29%; p = 0.01), had less lymph nodes removed (19.0 versus 28.6; p < 0.01) and had lower mean tumour size (30 versus 40 mm; p < 0.01). With a median follow-up time of 49 months, DFS and OS were not significantly different between the surgical cohorts. In multivariable analysis, both higher stage (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.2) and histology (HR = 4.9) were associated with DFS in contrast to surgical procedure (HR = 0.9).ConclusionsBeyond the benefit of MIS on immediate surgical outcome, our results show that fear for a poor long-term outcome should not be the reason to refrain from MIS in patients with high-risk endometrial cancer.     

Preoperative lymph node size is helpful to predict the prognosis of patients with stage III gastric cancer after radical resection

Objective

To investigate the association between preoperative lymph node size (Ns) and prognosis of radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Prognostic and clinical evaluation of axillary lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer

Axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) from esophageal cancer is rare. Its prognosis and effective treatments remain unknown. Between 1997 and 2005, esophagectomy was performed in 361 patients with esophageal cancer in our hospital. ALNM was identified in four patients (1.1%). All patients had left ALNM with ipsilateral left supraclavicular lymph node metastasis. In two patients ALNM developed after radical esophagectomy with regional lymphadenectomy and in the other two patients after chemoradiotherapy of primary lesions. Axillary lymphadenectomy with chemoradiotherapy was given to all patients. Median survival time and disease-free survival (DFS) after initial treatment for primary esophageal cancer were 30.5 months and 11.5 months, respectively. One patient, who had a small number of regional lymph node metastases (two lymph nodes) at esophagectomy and prolonged DFS (22 months) until axillary node recurrence, is still alive, 67 months after axillary lymphadenectomy. The other three patients, who had larger numbers of regional lymph node metastases (average, 8.3) and shorter DFS (average, 9.7 months), died of recurrence an average of 13.3 months after axillary lymphadenectomy. In conclusion, although ALNM is considered a type of distant organ metastasis, if it is a solitary recurrence, good survival may be obtained after appropriate loco-regional therapy. The number of metastatic regional lymph nodes at initial esophagectomy and the duration of DFS until axillary node recurrence can help to guide the decision whether aggressive treatments are warranted.     

Lymph node status and survival in cutaneous malignant melanoma--sentinel lymph node biopsy impact.

AIM: The survival benefit of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLB) with lymphadenectomy for microscopic melanoma metastases to regional lymph nodes (SLND) is uncertain. The aim of the study was to analyse the factors influencing clinical outcome (overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS)) of patients undergone lymph node dissection (LND) as result of positive sentinel lymph node disease (SLND) or as consequence of clinically detected metastases (CLND). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a single-institution retrospective analysis of survival data of 350 consecutive, prospectively collected, melanoma patients who underwent radical LND in 1995-2001. One hundred and forty-five patients underwent SLND and 205 underwent CLND. RESULTS: The median OS and DFS times of the entire group of melanoma patients, computed from the date of primary lesion excision, were 46.3 months and 26.5 months (5-year OS ratio 41.8% and 5-year DFS ratio 31.5%). The factors which correlated with poor OS by multivariate analysis were: primary tumour Breslow thickness >4 mm (p=0.001), extracapsular extension of lymph node metastases (p=0.004), male sex (p=0.001) and metastases to more than one regional lymph node (p=0.04). The negative factors for DFS were: nodal extracapsular invasion (p=0.00002) and primary tumour Breslow thickness >4 mm (p=0.004). There were no significant differences in OS and DFS between SLND and CLND groups, when calculated from the date of primary tumour excision. However, if OS and DFS were estimated from the date of LND, the SLND group demonstrated significantly better survival in comparison with CLND. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates no survival benefit from SLB with subsequent radical regional LND in malignant melanoma patients with lymph node metastases.     

Number of negative lymph nodes should be considered for incorporation into staging for breast cancer

This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the number of involved lymph nodes (pN), number of removed lymph nodes (RLNs), lymph node ratio (LNR), number of negative lymph nodes (NLNs), and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) in breast cancer patients. The records of 2,515 breast cancer patients who received a mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery were retrospectively reviewed. The log-rank test was used to compare survival curves, and Cox regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors. The median follow-up time was 64.2 months, and the 8-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 74.6% and 82.3%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that pN stage, LNR, number of RLNs, and number of NLNs were significant prognostic factors for DFS and OS (all, P < 0.05). LODDS was a significant prognostic factor for OS (P = 0.021). Multivariate analysis indicated that pN stage and the number of NLNs were independent prognostic factors for DFS and OS. A higher number of NLNs was associated with higher DFS and OS, and a higher number of involved lymph nodes were associated with poorer DFS and OS. Patients with a NLNs count > 9 had better survival (P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that the NLNs count had a prognostic value in patients with different pT stages and different lymph node status (log-rank P < 0.05). For breast cancer, pN stage and NLNs count have a better prognostic value compared to the RLNs count, LNR, and LODDS. Number of negative lymph nodes should be considered for incorporation into staging for breast cancer.     

A retrospective prognostic evaluation analysis using the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) cancer staging system for luminal A breast cancer

Objective:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical prognostic value of the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for luminal A breast cancer.Methods:Using both the anatomic and prognostic staging in the 8th edition of AJCC cancer staging system,we restaged patients with luminal A breast cancer treated at the Breast Disease Center,Peking University First Hospital from 2008 to 2014.Follow-up data including 5-year disease free survival (DFS),overall survival (OS) and other clinic-pathological data were collected to analyze the differences between the two staging subgroups.Results:This study included 421 patients with luminal A breast cancer (median follow-up,61 months).The 5-year DFS and OS rates were 98.3％ and 99.3％,respectively.Significant differences in 5-year DFS but not OS were observed between different anatomic disease stages.Significant differences were observed in both 5-year DFS and OS between different prognostic stages.Application of the prognostic staging system resulted in assignment of 175 of 421 patients (41.6％) to a different group compared to their original anatomic stages.In total,102 of 103 patients with anatomic stage ⅡA changed to prognostic stage ⅠB,and 24 of 52 patients with anatomic stage ⅡB changed to prognostic stage ⅠB,while 1 changed to prognostic stage ⅢB.Twenty-two of 33 patents with anatomic stage ⅢA were down-staged to ⅡA when staged by prognostic staging system,and the other 11 patients were down-staged to ⅡB.Two patients with anatomic stage ⅢB were down-staged to ⅢA.Among seven patients with anatomic stage ⅢC cancer,two were down-staged to ⅢA and four were down-staged to stage ⅢB.Conclusions:The 8th edition of AJCC prognostic staging system is an important supplement to the breast cancer staging system.More clinical trials are needed to prove its ability to guide selection of proper systemic therapy and predict prognosis of breast cancer.     

胸腔镜肺叶切除术中肺动、静脉切断顺序对非小细胞肺癌患者手术疗效与安全性影响的系统评价

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of sequence of pulmonary artery and vein transection in thoracoscopic lobectomy on the efficacy and safety of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Methods PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and CBM databases were searched for the researches on The post-operative efficacy of pulmonary arteriovenous and pulmonary vein resection sequence in thoracoscopic lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer. The retrieval time is from the database construction to May 2022. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. Results Eight articles were included, including 3 randomized controlled studies and 5 cohort studies, with a total of 1810 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that: The operative time (MD=13.34, 95%CI(7.36, 19.32), P<0.0001) and intraoperative blood loss (MD=45.29, 95%CI(40.24, 50.35), P<0.0001) in the group with priority pulmonary vein resection were significantly higher than those in the group with priority pulmonary vein resection. The difference was statistically significant. However, the benefits of OS (HR=1.34, 95%CI (1.12, 1.60), P=0.001) and DFS (HR=1.44, 95%CI(1.18, 1.76), P=0.0003) in the group of priority pulmonary vein transection were significantly better than those in the group of priority pulmonary artery transection, with statistically significant differences. Conclusion Priority pulmonary vein transection during thoracoscopic lobectomy effectively improved patients’ OS and DFS, resulting in higher survival benefit for patients with non-small cell lung cancer, but intraoperative bleeding and operation time are more than those with priority pulmonary artery transection. © 2023, CHINA RESEARCH ON PREVENTION AND TREATMENT. All rights reserved.     

盆腔淋巴结清扫对评估膀胱癌预后的价值

目的:评价规范化盆腔淋巴结清扫对膀胱癌患者预后的影响作用,分析影响淋巴结转移的相关因素及淋巴结肿大与淋巴结转移两者的关系。方法:回顾性分析2008年1 月至2013年7 月天津医科大学肿瘤医院120 例膀胱癌患者临床资料,分为盆腔淋巴结规范化清扫组58例,未规范化清扫组62例。分析淋巴结转移与病理分期、分级及术中触及肿大淋巴结的关系,探讨盆腔淋巴结清扫对预后的影响。结果:120 例膀胱癌患者术后1、3、5 年总生存率分别为84.0% 、69.9% 、57.9% 。规范化盆腔淋巴结清扫组与未规范化清扫组的3 年生存率分别为78.4% 与46.2%（χ2= 5.487,P = 0.019）。 淋巴结阳性与阴性患者术后3 年生存率分别为50.0% 与86.4% ,（χ2= 9.303,P = 0.002）。 术中触及肿大淋巴结与淋巴结转移具有相关性（P < 0.001）,病理分期、病理类型（尿路上皮癌及非尿路上皮癌）及年龄是患者预后的影响因素（P < 0.05）。 结论:术中触及肿大淋巴结与淋巴结转移相关,可预测淋巴结转移的发生,盆腔淋巴结清扫影响膀胱癌患者预后,阳性淋巴结是膀胱癌患者预后的独立危险因素,规范盆腔淋巴结清扫术可延长患者术后生存时间。      

FIGO 2018 ⅢC1p期宫颈癌患者的预后分析

目的:探讨FIGO 2018 ⅢC1p期宫颈癌患者的预后危险因素。方法:收集2015年1月至2018年6月在蚌埠医学院第一附属医院接受手术治疗并经病理确诊具有淋巴结转移的宫颈癌患者139例,所有患者均行广泛性全子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结±腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫术。结果:139例患者3年无病生存期（disease-free survival,DFS）为71.4%。多因素分析显示,淋巴结转移数目≥3个和术前中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞比值（neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,NLR）≥2.16是影响ⅢC1p期宫颈癌患者预后的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。根据危险因素将所有患者分为三组,进一步分析显示,低风险组（无危险因素）、中风险组（1个危险因素）、高风险组（2个危险因素）的3年DFS分别为90.4%、54.3%、30.3%（P＜0.05）。结论:FIGO 2018 ⅢC1p期宫颈癌的患者是不同质的,淋巴结转移数目和术前NLR是3年DFS的独立预后因素,宫颈癌分期可考虑将此因素纳入分期范围,并对于ⅢC1p期的患者制定更加个体化的治疗方案。