脉冲多普勒超声心动图评价糖尿病患者的左室舒张功能

本文应用脉冲多普勒超声心动图评价无心脏病或充血性心力衰竭临床表现的４６例糖尿病患者的左室舒张功能，并与４５例健康人对比，发现糖尿病患者的峰值速度Ｅ，峰值速度Ｅ与峰值速度Ａ之比及充盈分数值明显低于对照组，而峰值速度Ａ和等容舒张时间值则明显而于对照组，两组差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明糖尿病患者左室舒张功能下降，主要为左室舒缓性减退，提示舒张早期左室充盈障碍和舒张晚期左室顺应性下降。     

脉冲多普勒超声心动图评价糖尿病患者的左室舒张功能

本文应用脉冲多普勒超声心动图评价无心脏病或充血性心力衰竭临床表现的46例糖尿病患者的左室舒张功能，并与45例健康人对比，发现糖尿病患者的峰值速度E，峰值速度E与峰值速度A之比及充盈分数值明显低于对照组，而峰值速度A和等容舒张时间值则明显高于对照组，两组差异非常显著（P＜0．01），结果表明糖尿病患者左室舒张功能下降，主要为左室舒缓性减退，提示舒张早期左室充盈障碍和舒张晚期左室顺应性下降。     

厄贝沙坦对高血压病心电图U波变化及其左室舒张功能的影响

目的观察心电图U波改变高血压患者采用厄贝沙坦治疗前后U波变化及其左室舒张功能影响。方法对150例高血压病心电图U波改变患者在厄贝沙坦治疗前后作常规心电图检查,观察U波形态,比较治疗前后各项指标的变化。同时对所有患者治疗前后行超声心动图检查,测量舒张早期最大峰值速度(E峰),舒张晚期最大峰速度(A峰),左室射血分数(LVEF),左房内径进行测量。将其分为左室舒张功能正常及左室舒张功能不全组,观察其治疗前后的影响。结果治疗3个月后患者的收缩压及舒张压较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05);E/A值改善明显(P<0.05)。血压恢复正常时,U波倒置消失。结论厄贝沙坦能有效控制血压,改善高血压性心脏病病人的左室舒张功能。U波倒置与左心室内压增高有关,对高血压病诊断及评价疗效有重要临床价值。     

灯盏花素注射液对糖尿病患者左心室舒张功能的影响

目的观察灯盏花素注射液治疗糖尿病左心室舒张功能不全的疗效。方法应用灯盏花素注射液治疗56例左心室舒张功能不全的2型糖尿病患者,并观察其疗效。结果灯盏花素注射液对糖尿病患者左室舒张功能指标的影响:舒张早期最大充盈速度(VE)升高;舒张晚期最大充盈速度(VA)下降;VE/VA升高;左心室舒张早期充盈加速时间(EAT)下降;左心室舒张晚期充盈加速时间(EDT)下降;EAT/EDT升高均有改善(P0.05),VE、VA和EDT改善显著(P0.01);而左心室收缩功能心搏出量(CO)虽有升高但无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论灯盏花素注射液具有改善糖尿病患者左心室舒张功能的作用。     

空气净化对老年陈旧性心肌梗死患者心功能的影响

目的 :探讨空气净化对老年陈旧性心肌梗死患者心功能的影响。方法 :老年陈旧性心肌梗死 （OMI）疗养员 43例随机分为空气净化组 （n=2 4）和对照组 （n=19）。空气净化组所处的疗养室进行 2 4h空气净化 ,对照组住普通病房。住院时和 1个月后进行二维超声心动图检测心功能并观察疗效。结果 :空气净化 1个月后 ,患者的临床症状疗效为 88% ,心电图疗效为 79% ;左心室容积、左室舒张晚期充盈峰值流速及平均流速、左室舒张早期充盈时间有显著下降 ;射血分数、心输出量有显著增加 ;左室舒张早期充盈峰值流速及平均流速、左室舒张早期充盈加速时间及减速时间无明显改变。结论 :对 OMI患者行空气净化治疗 ,有益于改善其心脏收缩和舒张功能     

组织多普勒技术对美托洛尔治疗前后的左室舒张功能的评价

目的应用组织多普勒成像(TDI)技术测量室间隔、侧壁等的舒张、收缩速度,评价美托洛尔对左室舒张功能的影响。方法原发性高血压(EH)左室肥厚患者23例,在服用美托洛尔2mg·kg-1·d-1前后,用TDI法分别测其二尖瓣环水平间隔、侧壁、前壁、下壁的收缩期峰值速度(Sm),舒张早期峰值速度(Em),舒张晚期峰值速度(Am),比较用药前后各部位Em/Am比值。结果服用美托洛尔3个月后,患者舒张功能均有明显改善。EH组左室各部位心肌Em增大,Am减少,Em/Am均明显提高。结论美托洛尔能够改善肥厚心肌的舒张功能,二尖瓣环水平的Em、Am的测定能克服二尖瓣血流的假性正常化,对用药后的变化也能够敏感地表现出来,可作为定量无创评价左室舒张功能的良好指标。     

葛芪合剂对糖尿病患者左室功能的影响

目的采用超声心动图评价中药葛芪合剂对糖尿病心肌病舒张功能不全患者左室功能的影响。方法将60例糖尿病心肌病患者随机分为两组,所有患者在标准饮食治疗1周后,治疗组给予基本降糖治疗(瑞格列奈和/或阿卡波糖)和中药葛芪合剂治疗,疗程为6周。对照组只给予基本降糖治疗6周。观察两组治疗前后超声心动图的变化。结果治疗组治疗后左室舒张早期充盈峰值速度/舒张晚期充盈峰值速度(0.84±0.23 vs 1.08±0.25,P0.05)、左心室射血分数[(43.65±3.89)%vs(48.21±4.92)%,P0.05]、左房内径LAD(33.16 mm±2.79 mm vs 30.48 mm±2.39 mm,P0.05)。结论中药葛芪合剂能改善糖尿病心肌病的左室收缩和舒张功能,且以改善心室舒张功能不全为主。     

小剂量比索洛尔、氯沙坦治疗对左室舒张功能的影响

目的观察小剂量比索洛尔合并氯沙坦治疗6个月前后病人左室舒张功能的影响.方法 36例高血压患者(Ⅰ级20例,Ⅱ级16例)使用5 mg比索洛尔和氯沙坦50 mg,连服6个月,不改变用药量,并于治疗前后用M超和二维超声测定左室舒张功能.结果治疗6个月后血压值由168±6/99±8 mmHg降到112±7/73±9 mmHg.治疗后左室舒张功能的左室舒张早期流速峰值(PE)和舒张早期流速积分(SE)明显增高,舒张晚期流速峰值(PA)明显降低,虽舒张晚期流速积分(SA)有降低,但无显著性差别.PA/PE由0.81±0.12降至0.56±0.25(P<0.01).结论小剂量比索洛尔、氯沙坦治疗对左室舒张功能有明显改善.     

阿米洛利并开搏通对高血压性心脏病舒张功能的影响

目的:观察阿米洛利与开搏通联合应用对于高血压性心脏病(高心病)左室舒张功能不全的治疗价值。方法:42例高心病舒张功能不全病人作为观察组给予阿米洛利与开搏通口服;30例作为对照组口服钙拮抗剂,分别于治疗前、治疗1年后记录血压,舒张早、晚期血流峰值速度和等容舒张时间。结果:观察组的左室舒张功能较对照组改善明显(P<0.05～<0.001),血压控制良好。结论:阿米洛利与开搏通并用能有效改善高心病患者的左室舒张功能。     

冠状动脉病变程度对左室功能的影响

目的　探讨冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度与左室功能的关系。方法　 30 6例选择性冠状动脉造影 ,193例冠状动脉造影证实冠心病患者按病变程度、范围及Gensini积分分组 ,测定左室射血分数、短轴缩短分数、舒张早期充盈峰及舒张晚期充盈峰的最大峰值速度 ,并计算E/A比值。结果　冠状动脉轻度、中度病变、单支病变及Gensini积分小于 2 0分时 ,左室收缩功能改变不明显 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,舒张功能出现减退 (P <0 .0 5或P<0 .0 1)。收缩功能减退与受累血管数量、病变程度重及Gensini积分高有明显相关性。结论　冠心病患者左室舒张功能减退常先于收缩功能减退 ,舒张功能的异常是冠心病心功能受累早期改变的敏感指标     

非洛地平与苯那普利对原发性高血压患者左室舒张功能影响的比较

目的 :比较钙拮抗剂非洛地平和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂苯那普利对原发性高血压 (EH )患者左室舒张功能的影响。方法 :80例轻、中度 EH患者随机使用非洛地平和苯那普利治疗 1年 ,使血压降至目标血压 (<1 4 0 /90 m m Hg,1 mm Hg=0 .1 33k Pa) ,用超声和核素门控血池对比治疗前后的左心室舒张功能。结果 :服药 1年达到目标血压的 80例患者均可使左心室舒张功能的有关指标 :E波速率、E峰减速度和左室峰充盈率较治疗前明显增加 ,而 A峰有关指标明显减低。结论 :长期服用非洛地平或苯那普利均可使 EH患者的左室舒张功能明显改善     

高血压病患者动态血压参数与左心室舒张功能相关

目的:探讨高血压病患者动态血压参数与左心室舒张功能的相关性。方法: 入选原发性高血压患者137例,询问病史、体检并采用超声心动图测收缩末期左、右心房内径、左心室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）。左心室舒张功能测定用二尖瓣舒张早期血流峰值速度/舒张晚期血流峰值速度（E/A）值,以评价左室舒张功能。根据E/A值的大小将原发性高血压患者分为两组,E/A≥1组视为左心室舒张功能正常组（n=54例）,E/A<1为左心室舒张功能不全组（n=83例）。患者均行24h动态血压及血生化检测。结果: (1)左心室舒张功能不全组的24h平均收缩压(24hSBP)、LVEDD明显高于功能正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。（2）偏相关性分析显示左室舒张功能与LVEDD、24hSBP呈显著正相关（r值分别为0.70,0.40,P<0.01）。结论: 高血压病患者动态血压参数与左心室舒张功能相关。     

莫索尼定对老年难治性高血压患者的左室结构和功能的影响

目的:探讨咪唑林受体拮抗剂盐酸莫索尼定(佳洛)的降压效果及对左室结构和功能的影响。方法:126例难治性老年高血压患者随机均分为治疗组(莫索尼定)和对照组(特拉唑嗪)两组,疗程6个月,观察其降压效果及超声心动图测量值的改变。结果:治疗组和对照组的收缩压、舒张压在治疗后较治疗前均有明显下降(P<0．01),两组血压得到控制的例数亦无明显差异。治疗组左室舒张期内径、室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度、左室重量、E／A比值、平均心率较治疗前显著改善,并明显优于对照组(P<0．05～<0．01),而对照组在治疗前后无显著性差异。结论:盐酸莫索尼定具有显著降压作用及改善左室结构、舒张功能的作用,临床有广阔的应用前景。     

Left ventricular hypertrophy and preclinical impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus contribute to abnormal left ventricular diastolic function in hypertensive patients

BACKGROUND: Impaired left ventricular diastolic function is not uncommon in patients with either diabetes mellitus or hypertension. This study was carried out to assess the contribution of left ventricular hypertrophy, high blood pressure, preclinical impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus to left ventricular diastolic function in patients attending a hypertension clinic. METHODS: Echocardiography, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and oral glucose tolerance tests were carried out in 152 consecutive hypertensive patients who had no evidence of ischaemic heart disease and were not known to be diabetic. From echocardiography, E/A (peak velocity of early/atrial filling waves of the transmitral flow) at rest and at peak standardized isometric exercise using handgrip, left ventricular mass index and deceleration time of the E wave were derived. RESULTS: Patients with impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus had lower E/A than the euglycaemic subjects both at rest (P=0.0073) and during isometric exercise (P<0.0001). E/A significantly reduced during isometric exercise in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes but not in euglycaemic patients. Deceleration time was shortened with a worsening degree of glucose intolerance in all the patients (P=0.0005), in those with left ventricular hypertrophy (P=0.0006) and in those without left ventricular hypertrophy (P=0.033). When adjusted for age, gender, race, body mass index, smoking history, ambulatory blood pressure findings, cholesterol and triglyceride levels and antihypertensive medications taken, E/A at isometric exercise was related to results of glucose tolerance tests and was inversely proportional to left ventricular mass index (P<0.0001). No significant differences were found whether patients were taking antihypertensive medications or not. CONCLUSION: In hypertensive patients, left ventricular diastolic function is determined by left ventricular mass index and the status of preclinical glucose intolerance, independent of age, gender, race, body mass index, blood pressure level, nocturnal drop in blood pressure or lipid level. These findings were not prejudiced by antihypertensive medications.     

长期应用培哚普利与氨氯地平对高血压病患者左心室舒张功能的影响

目的 比较长期服用钙拮抗剂与血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂对高血压患者左心室舒张功能的影响。方法 将78例轻、中度高血压患者随机分成两组,一组服用培哚普利,另一组服用氨氯地平,疗程一年,目标血压＜140／90mmHg。采用超声心动图评估患者治疗前、治疗后3、6、12个月的左心室舒张功能。结果 68例患者完成实验,其左心室舒张功能指标如E峰、A／E比率、E峰下降速率较治疗前显著升高,而A峰相关指标则较治疗前显著降低。结论 培哚普利及氨氯地平可以显著改善高血压患者的左心室舒张功能。     

Echocardiographic and Doppler evaluation of left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic function in black and white hypertensive patients

Echocardiography including Doppler examination has been used to assess left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic function in 24 patients: 12 black Negro patients and 12 white patients who were matched with respect to age, heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Significant left ventricular hypertrophy was present with normal systolic function but impaired diastolic function with a decrease in peak E velocity, an increase in peak A velocity and reversal of the E/A ratio. In the combined groups LV mass and LVPW correlated with systolic blood pressure (P less than 0.05). In the blacks systolic and diastolic blood pressure correlated with LV mass and LVPW thickness (P less than 0.05). Septal thickness correlated only with systolic blood pressure (P less than 0.01). In contrast the indices of diastolic function did not correlate with blood pressure or with left ventricular hypertrophy. No morphological differences in the left ventricle have been shown between the two groups but both had significant left ventricular hypertrophy. Whilst diastolic function is abnormal, this appeared to be independent of either blood pressure or degree of left ventricular hypertrophy. A neurohumeral mechanism has not been discounted.     

高血压病患者动态血压与左心功能相关关系的研究

目的观察收缩压、舒张压分别对左室收缩及舒张功能的不同影响。方法应用诊所血压、２４小时动态血压监测及超声心动图，观察３８例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期高血压病患者血压与左室心肌质量、左室收缩及舒张功能的相关关系。结果２４小时及白天平均收缩压及诊所收缩压均与舒张早期充盈峰值流速（ＥＰＦＶ）呈负相关（Ｐ值均＜００５），２４小时、白天及夜间平均舒张压均与年龄呈负相关（Ｐ值均＜０．０５），与舒张功能各参数之间无相关关系，诊所收缩压与年龄、心房收缩期充盈峰值流速（ＡＰＦＶ）呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．００１及０．０５），夜间平均收缩压及诊所收缩压与左室心肌质量指数呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１及０．０５）。而２４小时平均收缩压、白天平均收缩压、２４小时平均舒张压、白天及夜间平均舒张压则均与左室心肌质量指数无明显相关关系。结论２４小时平均收缩压是影响左室舒张功能的重要因素之一，２４小时平均舒张压与左室舒张功能无相关关系。夜间平均收缩压增高是导致左心室肥厚的重要因素之一。随年龄增长，收缩压增高，舒张压下降     

Short-term effect of nebivolol on the left ventricular diastolic function]

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of nebivolol on diastolic functions of the left ventricle in the hypertensive patients in the early treatment period. METHODS: Twenty patients with mild to moderate hypertension taking daily 5 mg of nebivolol were assessed by using Doppler echocardiography before and after 6-week drug treatment period. The results were analyzed with Wilcoxon test and p<0.05 was accepted as statistically significant value. RESULTS: The arterial blood pressure and heart rate of the patients significantly decreased after 6 weeks of treatment. Statistically significant decrease was found in the peak of A wave velocity, isovolumetric relaxation time, E wave deceleration time and increase in E/A ratio with Doppler echocardiography after 6-week treatment period. No statistically significant difference was observed in the peak velocity of E wave after treatment period. CONCLUSION: We found that nebivolol improved left ventricular diastolic function in patients with hypertension in the early term.     

Identification of subjects with white-coat hypertension and persistently normal ambulatory blood pressure

OBJECTIVE: To assess the spontaneous changes in clinic blood pressure, ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and left ventricular structure in untreated subjects with white-coat hypertension (WCH). DESIGN: A prospective observational study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 83 untreated subjects with WCH, 24 h non-invasive ABP monitoring and echocardiographic studies of the left ventricle were repeated after 0.5-6.5 years (mean 2.5) in the absence of antihypertensive drug treatment. WCH was defined by an average daytime ABP < 131/86 mmHg in women and < 136/87 mmHg in men. Ambulatory hypertension was defined by higher ABP values. RESULTS: In the whole population, the clinic blood pressure, ABP and left ventricular mass did not change from baseline to the follow-up visit, whereas the peak A: peak E ratio (where A is the velocity of transmitral blood flow after atrial contraction and E is the velocity during passive left ventricle filling) increased from 0.86 to 0.93. Sixty-three per cent of subjects remained in the WCH category at follow-up study; the remaining 37% shifted to the ambulatory hypertension category. The former group showed no changes in clinic blood pressure, ABP, left ventricular mass and peak A: peak E ratio. The clinic blood pressure of those who developed ambulatory hypertension did not change, whereas their ABP and peak A: peak E ratio increased and their left ventricular mass increased slightly but not significantly. The left ventricular mass increased from baseline to follow-up study by 6.2% in those who developed ambulatory hypertension and decreased by 1.6% in those who remained in the WCH category. The changes in left ventricular mass were associated with the changes in average 24 h systolic blood pressure, but not with the changes in clinic blood pressure. In a stepwise logistic regression analysis, average daytime diastolic blood pressure was the sole variable to enter the model and the probability of ambulatory hypertension at follow-up study was 20.0%percnt; in those with basal daytime ABP <130/80 mmHg, versus 81% in those with higher basal daytime blood pressure levels. CONCLUSION: After 0.5-6.5 years, WCH spontaneously evolved into ambulatory hypertension in 37% of subjects, with an accompanying rise in left ventricular mass. The probability of ambulatory hypertension increased with the baseline values of ABP, rather than with those of clinic blood pressure. WCH might be a prehypertensive state (particularly in subjects with higher baseline ABP levels) and should be defined by low levels of daytime ABP, possibly lower than 130/80 mmHg.     

瑞舒伐他汀对老年高血压患者左心室舒张功能的影响

目的:评价瑞舒伐他汀对老年高血压患者左心室舒张功能的影响。方法:选取服用降压药的老年高血压患者128例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组给予口服瑞舒伐他汀6个月,分别测定两组患者治疗前后左心室后壁舒张末期厚度(LVPWT)、室间隔舒张末期厚度(IVST)、舒张早期峰值流速(E)、舒张晚期峰值流速(A)和E/A值,同时测定两组患者治疗前后血压、血脂的变化。结果:与治疗前相比,治疗组与对照组患者的SBP,DBP以及脉压差均明显降低(均P0.05);治疗组患者治疗后血清TC、TG、LDL-C均显著降低(P0.01),同时治疗组患者治疗后LVPWT、IVST、A均显著降低(P0.01);E明显升高(P0.01);E/A值明显升高(P0.05)。而对照组这些指标未见显著差异。结论:老年高血压患者在降压的同时联用瑞舒伐他汀能改善左心室舒张功能。