前庭刺激下胃电图的变化特征

目的 观察前庭刺激状态下胃电图的变化特征。方法 记录了２５名转椅Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ刺激，２８名冷热刺激下飞行员的胃电图。结果 ５３名被试者在刺激过程中胃电发生了明显的节律紊乱，表现为胃动过速百分率增高；在Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ刺激中，重度症状组的主滨２．４０－３．７０周／ｍｉｍ上升到３．７０－１０．００ｃｐｍ的范围内，且随着症状加重而上升明显，持续时间愈长的趋势。结论主频可成为评价运动病严重程度的一项重要     

Coriolis加速度耐力、唾液总蛋白和淀粉酶与晕船敏感性的相关性

目的测定潜艇艇员的晕船敏感性与Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度耐力、唾液总蛋白和淀粉酶含量的相关性,探讨预测晕船敏感性的可靠方法。方法在电动转椅上用Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度连续累积试验测定１５９名现役潜艇艇员的Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度耐力,并测定他们的唾液总蛋白和淀粉酶含量。结果晕船敏感性与Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度耐力和唾液总蛋白及淀粉酶含量之间在统计学上都有非常显著的相关性（ｒ１＝－０．６３６４,Ｐ＜０．０１;ｒ２＝０．３２３１,Ｐ＜０．０１;ｒ３＝０．３５１７,Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度耐力是晕船敏感性相当灵敏的指标,而唾液总蛋白及淀粉酶可作为测定晕船敏感性的辅助指标     

旅客运输机座舱卫生学现况调查

为了解旅客运输机座舱卫生学现状和制定其卫生标准提供科学依据，１９９４年对国内主要的６种旅客运输机型的驾驶舱和客舱的前、中、后位开展了座舱卫生学调查。结果表明，平均温度２２．９℃，湿度０．８６ｋＰａ、风速０．１３ｍ／ｓ、ＣＯ浓度１．８０ｍｇ／ｍ＾３、ＣＯ２浓度０．１５ｋＰａ、空气细菌总数１４３５ｃｆｕ／ｍ＾３、舱内照明２２１ｌｘ、压力８５．０ｋＰａ、噪声７８．３ｄＢ（Ａ），基本能满足人体健康、保证空     

下体负压晕厥前症状下事件相关电位变化特征

目的探讨下体负压晕厥前症状（ＰＳＳ）下事件相关电位（ＥＲＰｓ）的Ｐ３潜时（Ｐ３Ｌ）变化特征，为飞行员加速度性晕厥的医学鉴定提供实验方法和依据。方法用下体负压方法（ＬＢＮＰ）诱发ＰＳＳ，观察ＥＲＰｓ的Ｐ３Ｌ变化特征。结果出现ＰＳＳ时，ＥＲＰｓ的Ｐ３Ｌ由３４３．３５±１４．７２ｍｓ延长至５０６．８７±３７．４４ｍｓ（Ｆ（６，４８）＝１４．９６，Ｐ＜０．０５，ＯＺ电极），相关任务反应时（ＲＴ）由５０８．６５±１１．１３ｍｓ延长至６３１．２５±２９．１６ｍｓ（ｔ＝２．９７，Ｐ＜０．０５），靶刺激反应错误率由（４．００±１．６７）％增加至（４３．３８±３．５４）％（ｔ＝３．０６，Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＰＳＳ后第５ｍｉｎ，Ｐ３Ｌ仍明显高于基线值（Ｐ＜０．０５）。而ＲＴ、错误率与基线值已无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论ＥＲＰｓ的Ｐ３Ｌ结合ＲＴ、错误率等指标对飞行员加速度性晕厥的研究有潜在应用价值。     

乳癌病人单次卡铂和阿霉素化疗诱发的染色体损伤和细胞生物…

应用常规染色体畸变分析和胞浆分裂阻滞微核（ｃｙｔｏｋｉｎｅｓｉｓ－ｂｌｏｃｋｍｉｃｒｏｎｕｃｌｅｉ，ＣＢＭＮ）法对１０例接受单次卡铂（平均剂量为４６２．９ｍｇ／ｍ＾２）和单次阿霉素（平均剂量为４８．１ｍｇ／ｍ＾２）化疗的乳癌病人血样进行了淋巴细胞色体畸变（ｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅａｂｅｒｒａｔｉｏｎ，ＣＡ）和微核（ｍｉｃｒｏｎｕｃｌｅｉ，ＭＮ）的观察分析，并通过有丝分裂指数（ｍｉｔｏｔｉｃ，ｉｎｄｅｘ     

飞行人员和地勤人员前庭植物神经反应的比较研究

对眼震电图示前庭眼动反射正常的飞行人员和地勤人员各３０例，进行冷热水试验、视动刺激和Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度刺激时的胃电图记录，观察比较了其前庭植物神经反应。结果表明：冷热水试验时飞行人员和地勤人员的胃电频率和振幅无明显差异；视动刺激和Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度刺激时飞行人员的胃电振幅明显低于地勤人员。研究结果提示，前庭植物神经反应的稳定性通过长期锻炼而获得；视动刺激和Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度刺激时的胃电     

Coriolis加速度耐力检查中的错觉

Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度耐力检查中的错觉荣增平陆斌刘正霍权高升祥于立身魏凌关键词（ＫＥＹＷＯＲＤＳ）加速（Ａｃｃｅｌｅｒａｔｉｏｎ）错觉（Ｉｌｕｓｉｏｎ）中国图书资料分类法分类号Ｒ８５２．３２Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度耐力检查是预测晕机病易感性最好方法之一...     

旅客运输机与直升机座舱中人体全身振动环境的调查及其卫生…

为了解我国旅客运输机与直升机座舱中空勤人员和旅客的全身振动环境，为制订民航行业卫生标准提供依据。对国内主要的五种旅客运输机型才两种直升机型座舱振动进行了调查。旅客运输机座舱中空勤人员和旅客人体全身振动加速度ａｗｚ为０．１６－０．２９ｍ／ｓ＾２，ａｗｚ，ｙ为０．２２－０．８４ｍ／ｓ＾２；直升机座舱中空勤人员和旅客人体全身振动加速度ａｗｚ为０．４５－２．００ｍ／ｓ＾２，ａｗｘ，ｙ为０．５６－２．８２ｍ     

金蒸汽激光低功率照射对基因转染血管平滑肌细胞的影响

本文将体外培养的血管平滑肌细胞经波长为６２７．８ｎｍ的金蒸汽激光，以功率密度为１、１０、１００ｍＷ／ｃｍ＾２，能量密度为０．６、６、６０Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２照射后，转染Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔｉｎ包课的含Ｌｓｃ Ｚ基因的质粒ＤＮＡ，经７２小时培养，测基因产物β－半乳糖苷酶的活性。结果显示，１和１０ｍＷ／ｃｍ＾２照射组酶活性分别高于对照组３和７倍，而１００ｍＷ／ｃｍ＾２照射组未见明显提高。提示适量的低功率激光照射可     

飞行学员Coriolis加速度刺激时的胃电图观察

目的观察和比较飞行学员与地勤人员在Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度刺激时的前庭植物神经反应。方法在平静状态和Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度刺激时，描记３２名飞行学院经过检验飞行后的飞行学员和３２名地勤人员的胃电图（ＥＧＧ），同时记录诱发性运动病的症状。结果飞行学员和地勤人员相比，平静状态的ＥＧＧ频率和振幅及加速度刺激时ＥＧＧ频率均无明显差异。但Ｃｏｒｉｏｌｉｓ加速度刺激时飞行学员的ＥＧＧ振幅及诱发性运动病症状的发生率明显低于地勤人员。结论经过选飞和检验飞行训练的飞行学员其前庭植物神经反应的稳定性高于地勤人员。     

加速度暴露下的心律失常及其航空医学意义

目的 探讨正加速度（＋Gz)作用下心血管自主神经调节与心律失常及G耐力的关系。方法 对36名立位耐力不良和62名健康飞行员＋Gz作用下的ECG及动态心电图进行对比分析。结果 ＋Gz作用下,立位耐力不良者心律失常发生率高,＋Gz耐力低。结论 ＋Gz作用下的心律失常可以作为评价心血管代偿功能及G致意识丧失（G－LOG）的预警指标。     

新兵强化训练致胃黏膜病变的防治研究

 目的研究新兵强化训练对受训士兵胃黏膜的影响.方法观察61例不同分组的新兵训练前后胃十二指肠黏膜的内镜表现、组织学改变、幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,HP)感染情况和血清促胃液素、胰岛素及皮质醇含量的变化.结果新兵强化训练后有上消化道症状的人数增多,且症状有一定程度加重,观察组与预防组之间差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05);胃镜下观察胃十二指肠黏膜,训练前观察组和预防组分别有80.5%和80.0%发现浅表性炎症以上的病变,训练后有病变者增加到92.7%和95.0%,训练前后两组之间差异均无显著性意义(P＞0.05);训练后观察组的糜烂性炎症人数与训练前比较增加(P＜0.05);而预防组强化训练前后黏膜病变差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05);训练后HP感染率从42.6%升高到55.7%(P＞0.05);训练后血清胰岛素和皮质醇水平较训练前明显升高(P＜0.05和P＜0.01),促胃液素升高但训练前后比较,差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).结论新兵强化训练可造成受训士兵胃黏膜一定程度的损伤,应激可导致内分泌激素水平变化并与胃黏膜损伤有关;预防性药物治疗有助于减少胃黏膜损伤的发生.     

有晕厥史飞行员立位应激下自主神经功能评价

目的：评价加速度引起的意识丧失（G－LOC）或血管迷走性晕厥（VVS）飞行员在立位耐力试验（OTT）条件下自主遥作用。方法：对30例晕厥并阳 性OTT病例组（I组），20例晕厥并阴性OTT病例组（Ⅱ组）和15例年龄，性别，飞行机种，飞行时间相匹配的健康飞行员（对照组）的心率变异（HRV）和OTT的关系进行研究，对所测量OTT前后心率（HR），收缩压（SBP），舒张压（DBP）和HRV指标进行对比分析。结果：3组被试者OTT前平均HR，SBP，DBP比较无显著性差异（P＞0．05），OTT后I组HR明显高于其他两组（P＜0．01），SBP和DBP明显低于其他两组（P＜0．01），HRV指标中I组24h连续RR间期标准差（SDNN），HRV三角指数（HRVI），RR间期平均值（RR）明显小于其他两组（P＜0．01），平均1h 功率谱分析I组低频成分／高频成份比值（LF／HF）明显高于其他两组（P＜0．05），结论：晕厥并阳性OTT飞行员立位应激下交感神经张力增强，副交感神经张力减弱，使自主神经功能失调。     

Flight influence on the plasma level of sex hormones of women pilots

The plasma concentrations of six sex hormones were measured before and after flight by radioimmunoassay in 38 female pilots. The results showed 1) the plasma activity of estradiol, testosterone, and progesterone revealed no significant change after flight (p greater than 0.05), while the plasma activity of prolactin, cortisol, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone increased obviously; 2) compared with the ground crew's, the pilots' plasma estradiol, progesterone, and cortisol had no distinct change (p greater than 0.05); however, their testosterone, prolactin, and follicle stimulating hormone plasma levels were prominently varied (p less than 0.05). 3) there was no statistical difference between the plasma levels of sex hormones in pilots who had more than 2,000 hours of flight experience and in those with less than 500 hours of flight experience (p greater than 0.05). 4) the testosterone: estradiol ratio of pilots without immediate flight stress was much higher than that of the ground crew.     

Circadian rhythm of plasma levels of lipids, carbohydrates and various hormones in healthy pilots

Circadian variations of plasma lipids (cholesterol, total lipids, triglycerides, beta-lipoproteins), sugars and selected hormones (cortisol, testosterone, estradiol, aldosterone) were measured in 30 healthy pilots, aged 30-39 years. The control group consisted of 15 healthy nonpilots of similar age. Experimental data were statistically treated using cosinor analysis. In contrast to the ground-based personnel, the pilots showed in increase in the average daily content of lipids and hormones, a decrease in the average daily content of sugar, and an increase in the amplitude of cholesterol, triglycerides, total lipids, beta-lipoproteins, cortisol, testosterone and aldosterone. Estradiol rhythms were very similar in both groups. Acrophases of triglycerides, testosterone and estradiol were almost synchronized. Acrophases of other parameters were different in values which were greater than the acrophase drift range. The specific features of circadian rhythms of plasma lipids, carbohydrates and hormones seem to reflect the specific features of professional activities of pilots. The above investigations of circadian variations of plasma lipids, carbohydrates and hormones in healthy pilots represent the first attempt of recording circadian parameters of their biochemical substrates.     

飞行员中CKB基因rs3759582和rs3759584位点多态性研究

目的了解飞行员脑型肌酸激酶（CKB）基因rs3759582和rs3759584位点多态性情况,探讨其与飞行员基础正加速度（＋Gz）耐力的可能关系。方法用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）对122名飞行员和128名普通健康人CKB基因rs3759582和rs3759584位点进行多态性分析比较。结果rs3759582位点基因型和等位基因频率在两组间无统计学差异（P〉0．05）,rs3759584位点基因型和等位基因频率在两组间有显著统计学差异（P〈0．01）,TT基因型和T等位基因在飞行员组明显高于普通对照组。结论CKB基因rs3759582位点不是预测飞行员飞行时＋Gz耐力的基因标记,rs3759584位点T等位基因对飞行员飞行时＋Gz耐力可能有重要作用。     

The stress of competition dissociates neural and cortisol homeostasis in elite athletes

AIM: Stressful situations affect autonomic nervous system activity and hormonal responses. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the stress of sports competition on both endocrine system functioning and neurovegetative control of heart rate (HR) in elite athletes. METHODS: In 7 top-level pentathletes salivary cortisol levels and autoregressive power spectral analysis of HR variability (HRV) were assessed in the morning and in the afternoon on a regular training day (control) and on the day of a competitive selection trial, held 4 weeks apart. RESULTS: HR, as well as low (LF) and high (HF) frequency components of HRV did not differ significantly both between and within the control and the trial days. On the selection day, morning cortisol levels were significant and markedly greater than on the control day and increased further in the afternoon in contrast to the control day, when cortisol levels decreased in the afternoon as expected from the normal diurnal variation. CONCLUSION: These results would indicate a dissociation of the neural and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning in response to the stress of competition in elite athletes, and the considerable extent to which competition may alter selectively the physiology of stress-related hormones while sparing autonomic cardiac regulation.     

Evaluation of the effect of flights in supersonic fighters on sinus rhythm variability parameters

Heart rate variability is a widely used method to evaluate vagal and sympathetic influences on the heart. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of autonomic nervous system components' interaction in supersonic fighter pilots by means of a sinus rhythm variability analysis. The following frequency domain parameters were analyzed: low-frequency (LF) power spectral of 0.05 to 0.15 Hz (ms2); high-frequency (HF) power spectral of 0.15 to 0.45 Hz (ms2); LF and HF power spectral index; total spectral power (HF + LF); percent, LF distribution in total spectral power; percent HF, HF distribution in total spectral power; and an average heart rate per minute. The study comprised 30 healthy military pilots (age, 24-48 years) in whom heart rate variability parameters were determined 10 to 12 minutes before take off, 10 to 12 minutes after four successive flights, and 1, 2, and 12 to 16 hours after completing the flights. The control group was comprised of 20 healthy nonpilots (age, 24-49 years). The statistical significance was estimated by means of the following methods: Student's t test for normal distribution and a rank test for the non-normal one (between the groups of the same subjects); and the Cochran-Cox test for normal distribution and the Wilcoxon test for the non-normal one (between the groups of different subjects). Higher activity of sympathetic components of the autonomic nervous system was shown in pilots in the course of the first examination before flights as compared with the controls (higher LF, LF/HF, percent LF). Predominance of the sympathetic nervous system in pilots might reflect adaptation to repeated short-term exposures to high values of accelerations acting in head-leg axis.     

高＋Gz暴露对飞行员唾液α淀粉酶浓度的影响

目的 通过研究高正加速度（＋Gz）应激与飞行员唾液α淀粉酶（Salivary α-amylase,SAA）之间的关系,探讨SAA作为＋G2应激身体机能评价手段的可行性. 方法 47例高性能战斗机飞行员着HP抗荷服在载人离心机上进行训练,分别在＋6.5Gz、＋7.0Gz和＋8.0Gz暴露前、后取其唾液,采用酶动态比色法检测SAA水平. 结果 ①SAA、唾液皮质醇在不同＋Gz作用后的变化有统计学差异（F＝17.712、3.427,P＜0.01或0.05）;多重比较的结果显示＋6.5Gz、＋7.0Gz、＋8.0Gz暴露前与暴露后SAA差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,3种不同＋Gz暴露后较暴露前SAA均有明显升高（t＝5.256～5.449,P＜0.01）;＋7.0 Gz、＋8.0Gz暴露后的皮质醇浓度高于基础值（P＜0.05或0.01）,＋8.0Gz暴露后较＋6.5Gz、＋7.0Gz、＋8.0Gz前唾液皮质醇浓度显著升高（P＜0.05）.②机种、年龄、飞行总时间对不同＋Gx暴露后飞行员SAA及唾液皮质醇浓度变化无影响.③飞行员唾液皮质醇浓度与年龄、飞行机种呈负相关（r＝-0.328、-0.694,P＜0.05）,与飞行总时间、＋Gz值呈正相关（r＝0.466、0.141,P＜0.05）,飞行员SAA与＋Gz值呈正相关（r＝ 0.354,P＜0.01）.④不同＋Gz暴露前后唾液皮质醇与SAA之间无显著相关性. 结论 SAA可随＋Gz应激快速灵敏地升高,并迅速恢复至基础值,可作为＋Gz应激的有效评价指标.