脑梗死患者血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性的研究

目的 研究肾素－血管紧张素转换酶（ＡＣＥ）基因多态性与脑梗死的关系。方法 通过ＰＣＥ方法研究７６例脑梗死患者（其中高血压患者５１例）及３０例健康对照者的ＡＣＥ基因。结果 脑梗死组ＤＤ／ＩＩ基因型显著增高／降低（Ｐ〈０．０５,Ｐ〈０．０１）,尤其伴设备在压的脑梗死患者这种趋势更为明显。结论 ＡＣＥ基因多态性和高血压脑梗死患者有关联性,ＤＤ基因型提示可能与高血压患者发生脑梗死有关,而ＩＩ型为保护型基因     

LATERALIZED CHANGES IN AUTONOMIC AROUSAL DURING EMOTIONAL PROCESSING IN PATIENTS WITH UNILATERAL TEMPORAL LOBE SEIZURE ONSET

Sasang constitutional medicine is a major branch of Korean traditional Oriental medicine. The differences of disease susceptibility to be shown in Sasang constitution may be due to genetic factors. Therefore, the authors examined relationship between candidate genes of cerebral infarction (CI) and Sasang constitution. The homozygous deletion allele of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE/DD), homozygous threonine allele of the angiotensinogen gene (AGN/TT), and the ?4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (ApoE/?4) are reported to be associated with ischemic heart disease. CI is another atherosclerotic disease; and the effects of these polymorphisms on CI have been confusing. This study investigated whether ACE/DD, AGN/TT, and ApoE/?4 genotypes are associated with CI and whether genetic risk is enhanced by Sasang constitutional classification. The authors ascertained these genotypes in patients with CI (N=211), diagnosed by brain computed tomography. Control subjects for the infarction group were randomly selected from 319 subjects matched for age, sex, and history of hypertension with patients. The ACE/DD genotype was not associated with CI. However, there was significant association between ApoE polymorphism and CI (χ²=15.089, p<.05). Furthermore, frequency of AGN/TT genotype was higher in the patients with CI than in the controls (χ²=20.072, p<.05). The frequency of T allele was 0.91 in patients and 0.82 in controls (χ²=17.237, p<.05). However, Sasang constitutional classification did not increase the relative risk for CI in the subjects with ApoE/?4 or AGN/T allele. These results suggest that ApoE and AGN polymorphism predict CI, but Sasang constitutional classification does not enhance the risk for CI associated with ApoE/?4 or AGN/TT in a Korean population.     

脑血管病ACE基因缺失多态性的初步研究

目的 探讨血管紧张素转化酶（ＡＣＥ）基因缺失多态性与中国人脑梗死、高血压性脑出血的关系。方法 应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）方法，检测５８例脑梗死患者、３１例高血压性脑出血患者以及６０名正常人的ＡＣＥ基因型。结果 高血压性脑出血组缺失纯合子（ＤＤ）基因型频率为２６％，与正常对照组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）；脑梗死组ＤＤ基因型频经为２１％，与正常对照组比无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），但进一步分析表     

Lack of an association between angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and ischaemic stroke

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Numerous factors have been reported to influence the pathogenesis of stroke. The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is a candidate gene for atherosclerotic-related diseases. In the present study, the association between the polymorphism of the ACE gene and ischaemic stroke was investigated. METHODS: Using polymerase chain reaction techniques, 100 patients (48 males, age 69.3 +/- 9.7 years) with cerebral infarction and 100 age- and sex-matched controls were divided into the following three ACE genotypes [deletion (D) and insertion (I)]: II, ID and DD. RESULTS: There was no evidence of any association between the ACE gene polymorphism and the presence of ischaemic stroke (odds ratio 0.874, 95% confidence interval 0.386-1.973). CONCLUSIONS: The DD genotype in the human ACE gene does not appear to be a risk factor for ischaemic stroke. Further evaluation in a larger population study is required to examine the possibility of an increased risk of ischaemic stroke in DD homozygotes.     

The angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and serum levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme in venous thromboembolism. Data from a case control study

The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) has been suggested to affect blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Results from literature on the role of the frequent insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the ACE gene in venous thromboembolism (VTE) are controversial. Only limited data on ACE serum levels inVTE exist. We determined the ACE I/D polymorphism by genotyping and ACE serum levels by an enzymatic assay in 100 high-risk patients with objectively confirmed recurrentVTE and at least one event of an unprovoked deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. One hundred twenty-five age- and sex-matched healthy individuals served as controls. ACE genotype frequencies were not significantly different between patients (DD: 26.0%, ID: 52.0%, II: 22.0%) and controls (DD: 29.6%, ID: 44.8%, II: 25.6%; p = 0.56). Neither individuals with ACE DD genotype nor those with ACE ID genotype had a higher risk for VTE in comparison to those with ACE II genotype (odds ratio and [95% confidence interval]: 1.0 [0.5-2.1] and 1.4 [0.7-2.6], respectively). Serum ACE levels (U/l) did not differ between patients (median = 25.25, 25th -75th percentile: 20.20-33.70) and controls (24.20, 17.85-34.50, p = 0.49). In the total population involved in the study the ACE DD genotype (n = 63: 36.00 [26.40-43.00]) was associated with higher ACE levels than the ACE ID genotype (n = 108: 24.10 [19.80-31.48], p < 0.001) and the ACE II genotype (n = 54: 19.35 [15.00-22.95], p < 0.001). In conclusion, we found a significant association of the ACE I/D polymorphism with ACE serum levels. However, neither the serum levels nor the I/D genotype were associated with VTE.     

Angiotensin converting enzyme (I/D) gene polymorphism contributes to ischemic stroke risk in Caucasian individuals: a meta-analysis based on 22 case-control studies

Background: Stroke is a multifactorial disease in which genetic factors play an important role. Previous studies associated angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) (insertion/deletion, I/D) gene polymorphism with ischemic stroke risk in Caucasian individuals reported conflicting results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between ACE (I/D) gene polymorphism and ischemic stroke risk by a meta-analysis. Methods: The related studies were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE and HuGEnet databases. The odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ischemic stroke risk associated with this polymorphism were estimated using fixed-effect or random-effects model. Twenty-two studies (5528/5081 cases/controls) were eligible in our meta-analysis. Results: Overall, statistical associations of the ACE (I/D) polymorphism with ischemic stroke risk were found in dominant model (DD + ID versus II) : OR = 1.21, 95% CI = (1.06,1.38), P = 0.006, recessive model (DD versus ID + II): OR = 1.28, 95% CI = (1.05,1.55), P = 0.01, and homozygote comparison (DD versus II): OR = 1.37, 95% CI = (1.14,1.65), P = 0.001 for Caucasians. When stratifying according to stroke subtypes, there were similarly significant differences for small vessel disease in dominant model (DD + ID versus II) : OR = 1.44, 95% CI = (1.01,2.05), P = 0.04, recessive model (DD versus ID + II): OR = 1.30,95% CI = (1.09,1.55), P = 0.004, and homozygote comparison (DD versus II): OR = 1.44, 95% CI = (1.15,1.80), P = 0.001. Conclusion: This analysis suggests that the ACE (I/D) polymorphism may be a risk factor for ischemic stroke, genotype DD of ACE could increase the risk of ischemic stroke in Caucasians. Subgroup analyses indicate that stroke subtypes may be a genetic risk factor of ischemic stroke, and there might be a greater genetic liability with small vessel disease.     

The angiotensin-converting-enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism is not related to venous thrombosis

The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the gene for angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) is associated with ACE plasma levels and activity. Conflicting results have been reported about the relevance of this polymorphism for venous thrombosis. The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of this polymorphism for deep venous thrombosis. The study was designed as a case-control study, including 330 patients with documented deep venous thrombosis and 354 controls. ACE genotype was determined by size-analysis of polymerase chain reaction products. Results showed that, ACE genotype frequencies were similar between patients (II: 24.8%; ID: 43.3%; DD: 31.8%) and controls (II: 22.9%; ID: 50.6%; DD: 26.6%, P = 0.15).The adjusted odds ratio of carriers of the DD geno-type for venous thrombosis was 1.24 (95% confidence interval 0.90-1.80).The polymorphism was furthermore not associated with age at first thromboembolic event or the occurrence of pulmonary embolism. From these results, we can conclude that the ACE I/D polymorphism is not a significant risk factor for deep venous thrombosis.     

The angiotensin-converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism and heart rate variability following acute myocardial infarction

Aims Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of cardiac autonomic control and is therefore subject to regulation by the renin-angiotensin system. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of an insertion/deletion polymorphism within the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene on HRV in the early stages after a myocardial infarction at a time when cardiac autonomic control is deranged. The secondary objective was to determine whether this polymorphism affected the HRV response to inhibition of ACE. Major Findings 149 Caucasian subjects were studied 25 ± 16 h following MI using time and frequency domain measures of HRV derived from two 5-minute ECG recordings. Recordings were repeated at 182 ± 65 h following MI, when subjects had been stabilised on ramipril 2.5 mg bd. The study included 46 subjects with the DD genotype, 69 with the ID genotype, and 34 with the II genotype. No effect of the I/D polymorphism on short-term recordings of HRV was found. There was no difference in HRV response to the introduction of ramipril according to the genotypes. Principal Conclusions The I/D polymorphism within the ACE gene does not influence HRV after MI or the HRV response to ACE inhibitor therapy with ramipril. These findings may reflect the relative lack of importance of the I/D polymorphism and ACE activity in determining plasma and tissue angiotensin II concentration after a major stimulus to the renin-angiotensin system as occurs after myocardial infarction. Received: 6 November 2001, Accepted: 12 March 2002     

血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与高血压腔隙性脑梗死关联性的研究

目的 研究血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因插入／缺失（I／D）多态性与高血压腔隙性脑梗死的关系。方法 （1）应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法扩增50例正常人、49例高血压无并发症患、30例高血压腔隙性脑梗死患的ACE基因上287Bp片段，根据插入（I）或／缺失（D）来判断其多态性。（2）用CT或MRI诊断腔隙性脑梗死。结果 （1）腔隙性脑梗死组与健康对照组相比，其D等位基因及DD基因型显升高。微量蛋白尿组与健康对照组相比，其D等位基因及DD基因型显升高。（2）腔隙性脑梗死组与高血压无并发症组相比，其D等位基因及DD基因型显升高。（3）高血压无并发症组与健康对照组相比，ACE基因型和等位基因频率无显性差异。结论 ACE基因多态性与高血压腔隙性脑梗死患有关联性，DD基因型提示可能与高血压腔隙性脑梗死有关。     

ACE基因插入／缺失多态性与脑血管病的关联性研究

目的:探讨血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)基因插入(I)/缺失(D)多态性与脑血管病(CVD)的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应技术(PCR)检测19Z例卒中患者、95例高血压病人和124例正常人的ACE基因多态性。结果:CVD组ACE基因D等位基因频率为0.58,明显高于高血压对照组(P＜0.02)和正常对照组(P＜0.01),DD基因型频率明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05)。腔隙性梗死(LACI)组的DD基因型显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)。多元回归分析发现ACE*DD基因型与卒中无明显相关性(P＜0.08),而与LACI存在明显相关性(P=0.048)。结论:ACE基因缺失多态性在LACI的形成中可能产生重要作用。     

Association between angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and migraine: a meta-analysis

Background: Many studies investigated the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and migraine, with controversial results. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to better evaluate the correlation of this polymorphism and migraine. Methods: We retrieved studies published up to September 2014 about the ACE gene polymorphism and migraine from electronic database. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to examine the strength of association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and migraine, using random-effects models. Results: We identified 14 separate studies, in which 7334 migraineurs and 22 990 healthy controls were eligible for the meta-analysis. The results showed no relationship between the ACE I/D polymorphism and any migraine. Stratification revealed a protective effect in the Turkish population against migraine with aura for the II genotype model (II vs. DD: pooled OR = 0.366, 95% CI = 0.137–0.980; II vs. DI + DD: pooled OR = 0.370, 95% CI = 0.145–0.945). Similar results were obtained for Turkish people with migraine without aura (II vs. DD: pooled OR = 0.386; 95% CI = 0.166–0.900; II vs. DI + DD: pooled OR = 0.347; 95% CI = 0.156–0.773). Conclusions: The data suggest that the ACE II genotype could exert a protective effect against migraine with aura and without aura at least in the Turkish population.     

Are genetic factors important in the aetiology of leukoaraiosis? Results from a memory clinic population

Objective. To discover whether polymorphism in either the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) or angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genes is associated with leukoaraiosis, white matter lesions visible on neuroimaging of the brain, which is commonly seen in dementia as well as some normal elderly subjects. Design. Prospective study of consecutive patients attending our memory disorders clinic, to examine the relationship between leukoaraiosis and polymorphism of the ApoE and ACE genes. Setting. Memory disorders clinic in Bristol, UK. Patients. 182 patients attending the memory disorders clinic for investigation of possible dementia of whom 75% were suffering from dementia, 20% from memory impairment but no dementia and in 5% of whom a dementing illness was thought to be unlikely; 38% of all patients had visible white matter lesions and 16% had cerebral infarcts. Measures. Patients and/or carers who agreed to participate in the study had their ACE and ApoE genotype determined and their brain CT/MRI scans were assessed by a neuroradiologist, blind to the result of the genotyping, for the presence or absence of white matter low attenuation. Results. There was a significant association between white matter lesions and the DD genotype (\mskip1 p\lt 0\dec 05), but not the ApoE genotype. However, this relationship with the DD genotype was only significant for patients with a previous infarct. Conclusion. Homozygosity of ACE gene deletion polymorphism is a risk factor for white matter lesions when it is associated with cerebral infarction. This suggests that it may be possible to identify subjects who are at greater risk of developing white matter lesions and are at risk of cognitive impairment and possibly dementia. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高原地区藏族ACE基因I/D多态性与脑出血的关系研究

目的探讨血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)基因插入/缺失(I/D)多态性与高原地区世居藏族脑出血的相关性。方法收集青海地区高原世居藏族脑出血患者52例(男27例,女25例)为病例组,与之年龄、性别、居住地相匹配的同期体检的世居健康藏族51例(男28例,女23例)为对照组,收集一般资料。利用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测所有样本的ACE基因I/D多态性。结果病例组ACE基因型:DD型9例(17.31%),II型21例(40.38%),ID型22例(42.31%);等位基因频率:D等位基因38.46%,I等位基因61.54%;对照组ACE基因型:DD型10例(19.61%),II型19例(37.26%),ID型22例(43.13%);等位基因频率:D等位基因41.18%,I等位基因58.82%。两组间基因型、等位基因比较无显著性差异(基因型χ~2为0.14,等位基因χ~2为0.16,P0.05)。结论ACE基因I/D多态性与青海高原地区藏族脑出血无相关性,ACE基因I/D多态性可能不是高原世居藏族人群脑出血的遗传易感因素。     

Polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensinogen, and apolipoprotein E genes in Korean patients with cerebral infarction

The homozygous deletion allele of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE/DD), homozygous threonine allele of the angiotensinogen gene (AGN/TT), and the ɛ4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (apoE/ɛ4) are reported to be associated with ischemic heart disease. Cerebral infarction (CI) is another atherosclerotic disease, and the effects of these polymorphisms on CI have been confusing. The frequency of the DD genotype of the ACE gene, but not the TT genotype of the AGN gene and the ɛ4 allele of ApoE, was significantly higher in subjects with than those without CI in Japan. In this study, we investigated whether ACE/DD, AGN/TT, and apoE/ɛ4 genotypes are associated with CI and whether genetic risk is enhanced by the effect of one upon another. We ascertained these genotypes in patients with CI (n=365), diagnosed by brain computed tomography. Control subjects for the infarction group were randomly selected from 319 subjects matched for age, gender, and history of hypertension with patients. The ACE/DD genotype was not associated with CI. Frequency of the AGN/TT genotype was higher in patients with CI than in controls (x²=12.287, p<0.05). The frequency of t allele was 0.88 in patients and 0.82 in controls (x ²=11.041, p<0.05; odds ratio, 1.7). Furthermore, the AGN/TT genotype increased the relative risk for CI in subjects with the ACE/DD genotype (x ²=7.8, p<0.05; odds ratio, 1.9). There was no significant association between apoE/ɛ4 and CI. These results suggest that AGN/TT predicts CI and ACE/DD enhances the risk for CI associated with AGN/TT in a Korean population.     

高血压性脑出血与血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性及血清水平关系的研究

目的：探讨原发性高血压（EH）,高血压性脑出血（CH）与血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因I／D多态性及血清ACE水平的相互关系。方法：对正常人（NC组）29例,EH组28例和CH组31例提取白细胞DNA,检测ACE基因型,等位基因和血清水平。结果：88例中不同ACE基因型血清ACE水平有显著性差异（DD＞ID＞II,P＜0．01）,EH组DD基因及D基因频率与NC组比较无显著性差异（P＜0．05）,CH组血清ACE水平和D基因频率显著高于NC组及EH组（P＜0．01）,其DD型的血清ACE水平也高于后二者（P＜0．05）,结论：ACE基因多态性及其血清水平与EH无关,而与CH呈正相关,D基因可能为高血压病患者脑出血发病的相对危险因素。     

Angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype and encephalopathy in Chernobyl cleanup workers

Background and purpose:  To identify, using a genetic model, a key role for the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in the development of dyscirculatory encephalopathy (DE) in Chernobyl cleanup workers (CCW). The insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene denotes a substantial individual variation in RAS activity with the D-allele being associated with higher ACE activity.
Methods:  Ninety-three male, Caucasian CCW were recruited from those under regular review at the All-Russia Centre of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, St. Petersburg. The presence or absence of DE was determined using existing institutional guidelines. ACE genotype was determined using internationally accepted methodologies.
Results:  Angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype distribution in 59 subjects with DE was II: 10 (17%), ID: 31 (53%), DD: 18 (30%), D-allele frequency 56.8%. Whereas in those without the condition the distribution was II: 12 (35%), ID: 19 (56%), DD 3 (9%) and D-allele frequency 35.9% ( P  = 0.02).
Conclusions:  These data are the first to identify an association between the ACE D-allele and DE in CCW. They provide evidence of a significant role for the RAS in the development of DE and suggest that clinical trials of ACE inhibition would be profitable in this group.     

Genetic predisposition to neurological symptoms in lacunar infarction

OBJECTIVE: Lacunar infarction is a unique stroke entity with characteristic symptoms. However, it is often silent clinically. The possible genetic predisposition to symptoms of lacunar infarction was investigated. METHODS: One-hundred and fifty-one patients with lacunar stroke were consecutively recruited. Lacunar stroke was diagnosed based on both neurological symptoms and lacunar lesion(s), demonstrated by MRI, that were responsible for the symptoms. One-hundred and fifty control subjects with MRI-proven lacunar lesions without neurological symptoms served as controls. There was no significant difference in age, sex and prevalence of known risk factors between cases and controls. Insertion and deletion polymorphisms of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE), M235T substitution of the angiotensinogen gene (AGT), and A1133C substitution of type 1 receptor of the angiotensin II gene were determined. RESULTS: The frequency of ACE D allele was significantly higher in symptomatic patients compared with asymptomatic subjects (0.44 vs. 0.36, p < 0.05). The genotype distribution of AGT was significantly different between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients (chi(2) = 6.6, p = 0.037). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that ACE gene and AGT genotypes were independently associated with the neurological manifestation of lacunar infarction. In subjects with 1 lacuna, the odds ratio of the ACE DD genotype for symptomatic manifestation was 4.98 (95% CI 1.25-19.9). In subjects with 4 or more lacunae, the odds ratio of the ACE II genotype for symptomatic manifestation was 0.24 (95% CI 0.10-0.56). Furthermore, the ACE gene polymorphism was significantly different between symptomatic patients with a single lacuna and asymptomatic subjects with 4 or more multiple lacunar infarctions (chi(2) = 10.6, p = 0.005). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that 2 subtypes of lacunar infarction, single symptomatic lacuna and multiple asymptomatic lacunae, may possess different genetic backgrounds. Subjects with the ACE DD genotype could be more predisposed to be symptomatic in first-ever lacunar stroke, while the ACE II genotype may convey resistance to symptoms even after multiple lacunar strokes. Polymorphism of genes of the renin-angiotensin system could be involved in the manifestation of neurological symptoms of lacunar infarction.     

血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与中国人Binswanger病的关系

目的 探讨血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）基因多态性与中国人汉族Binswanger病（BD）及其危险因素的关系。方法 应用聚合酶链反应技术（PCR）测定111例中国汉族BD、98例高血压病患者和102名正常对照者ACE基因插入／缺失（I／D）多态性,用比色法测定血清ACE水平,调查BD孤危险因素及家族史。结果 BD组DD型基因频率为0．64,高于高血压病组的0．31（P＜0．01）和正常对照组的0．17（P＜0．01）,且D等位基因亦明显高于高血压病组和正常对照组（P＜0．01）。BD组中MRI所见轻（I）、中（Ⅱ）、重（Ⅲ）三度的DD型基因频率和D等位基因亦高于对照组（P＜0．01）。BD组血清ACE水平明显高于正常对照组（P＜0．01）。其中DD基因型血清ACE水平又高于同组DI基因和II基因（P＜0．01）。ACE基因型分布与BD患者的年龄、性别、体重指数、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、甘油三脂等差异无显著性意义。结论 ACE基因缺失多态性可能是中国人汉族BD独立危险因素,循环ACE活性与基因缺失多态性相关。     

The D allele of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism is associated with worse functional outcome of ischaemic stroke

Purpose: Insertion/deletion polymorphism in ACE gene (ACE I/D) is known to be associated with the occurrence of ischaemic stroke through its effect on pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and hypertension. This study was aimed to examine the association between this polymorphism with functional outcome of ischaemic stroke.

Method: This was a cross-sectional study. The subjects were patients with ischaemic stroke in a reference hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data on demographic characteristics, stroke risk factors, comorbidities and stroke severity were assessed on admission. The functional outcome, Barthel index (BI), was assessed when the patients were discharged from the hospital. ACE I/D genotypes of the patients were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Result: In total, 61 patients were included. Of these, 38 patients (62.3%) had II polymorphism, 22 patients (36.1%) had ID polymorphism and 1 patient (1.6%) had DD polymorphism in the ACE gene. There were significant differences in the functional outcomes between patients without D allele (II polymorphisms) and patients with D allele (ID and DD polymorphism) (mean BI on discharge: 75 ± 23.57 and 60.65 ± 27.15, respectively; p = 0.034). Multiple linear regression model showed that the availability of D allele is an independent variable negatively associated with functional outcome as assessed by BI (β = ?0.232, p = 0.024).

Conclusion: This study showed that the D allele in ACE I/D polymorphism is associated with worse functional outcomes. This highlights the possibility of further research to improve functional outcomes of ischaemic stroke by inhibiting the ACE system.     

血管紧张素转换酶基因多态性与脑血管病的关系

目的　探讨血管紧张素转换酶 (ACE)基因多态性与脑血管病的关系。方法　应用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)方法对 10 0例脑血管病患者 (脑血管病组 )和 10 0名健康体检者 (对照组 )进行ACE基因检测及基因多态性分析。结果　DD基因型频率脑出血组 (34 4 % )明显高于对照组 (16 .0 % ) (P <0 0 5 ) ;脑血管病合并原发性高血压组明显高于不合并原发性高血压组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;合并血糖异常组明显高于血糖正常组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;且伴血脂异常组DD基因型频率和D等位基因频率明显高于血脂正常组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　DD基因型是脑出血患者的高危因素 ;DD基因型和D等位基因可能与脑血管病的高危因素如血糖、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白水平等有一定的关系