Erratum zu: Sinnvolle Diagnostik: Bildgebung

Herz - In der Legende der Abb. 1 „Sinnvolle Diagnostik: Bildgebung“ (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00059-019-04873-3) wurde der Endpunkt des 10-Jahres-Risikos des schematisch...     

Correction to: Challenging issues in rheumatology: thoughts and perspectives

Clinical Rheumatology - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-021-05798-1     

Correction to: Cardiac xenotransplantation: a promising way to treat advanced heart failure

Heart Failure Reviews - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-021-10127-4     

Correction to: Uniportal Versus Multiportal Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Lung Cancer: An Updated Meta-analysis

Lung - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-021-00428-8     

Correction to: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sleep and Breathing - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-021-02354-8     

Correction to: DNAJC12 deficiency in patients with unexplained hyperphenylalaninemia: two new patients and a novel variant

Metabolic Brain Disease - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-021-00759-8     

Correction to: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: first report from the Eastern Mediterranean

Clinical Rheumatology - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-021-05692-w     

Treasure Hunt:Pertinent Excerpts from Past Literature

Contributions to the Pathology & Treatment of Asthma. By Hyde Salter, M.D., F.R.S., F.R.C.P. From Ann Allergy 5:193-195, 1947:

The Use of Intravenous Ethyl Alcohol in the Treatment of Status Asthmaticus Ethan Allan Brown, M.D., F.A.C.A. From Arch Int Pharmacodyn 144:310-314, 1963:

Ethanol and Lung Function in Bronchial Asthma

H. Herxheimer and E. Stresemann From Br J Dis Chest 76:79, 1982:

Alcohol in Asthma and the Bronchoconstrictor Effect of Chlorpropamide Jon Ayres and T. J. J. Clark From Clin Chest Med 7(3):383-391: Alternative Drug Therapy for Asthma

Constantine J. Falliers, M.D. and David G. Tinkelman, M.D.     

Impact of being overweight on the surgical outcomes of patients with gastric cancer: A meta-analysis

AIM: To investigate the effect of being overweight on the surgical results of patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: Comprehensive electronic searches of the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were conducted. Studies were identified that included patients with surgical complications from gastric cancer who were classified as normal weight [body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m 2 ] or overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 ). The operative time, retrieved lymph nodes, blood loss, and long-term survival were analyzed. A subgroup analysis was conducted based on whether patients received laparoscopic or open gastrectomy procedures. All statistical tests were performed using ReviewerManager 5.1.2 software. RESULTS: This meta-analysis included 23 studies with 20678 patients (15781 with BMI < 25 kg/m 2 ; 4897 with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 ). Overweight patients had significantly increased operation times [MD: -29.14; 95%CI: -38.14-(-20.21); P < 0.00001], blood loss [MD: -194.58; 95%CI: -314.21-(-74.95); P = 0.001], complications (RR: 0.75; 95%CI: 0.66-0.85; P < 0.00001), anastomosis leakages (RR: 0.59; 95%CI: 0.42-0.82; P = 0.002), and pancreatic fistulas (RR: 0.486; 95%CI: 0.34-0.63; P < 0.00001), whereas lymph node retrieval was decreased significantly in the overweight group (MD: 1.69; 95%CI: 0.75-2.62; P < 0.0001). In addition, overweight patients had poorer long-term survival (RR: 1.14; 95%CI: 1.07-1.20; P < 0.0001). No significant difference was detected for the mortality and length of hospital stay. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis demonstrates that a high BMI not only increases the surgical difficulty and complications but also impairs the long-term survival of patients with gastric cancer.     

Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in central diabetes insipidus: ACTH and cortisol responsiveness to CRH administration

A strong relationship has been found between arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in humans. The aim of the current study was to evaluate baseline and CRH-stimulated ACTH and F levels in patients with central diabetes insipidus (CDI), before and after replacement therapy with desamino-D-AVP (DDAVP). Twenty-five patients with CDI, and 25 sex- and age- and BMI-matched healthy subjects entered the study. A standard CRH test (measurement of plasma ACTH and serum F before and every 15 min for 2 h after the administration of 100 microg of human CRH) was performed in all subjects. In patients with CDI, CRH test were repeated after 1 week of DDAVP at standard doses. At study entry, ACTH and F levels were significantly higher in patients with CDI than in controls either at baseline (ACTH: 45.5+/-4.8 vs 18.5+/-3.3 ng/l, p<0.05; F: 375.1+/-55.7 vs 146.6+/-19.4 microg/l, p<0.05) or after CRH test considered as a peak (ACTH: 90.8+/-14.4 vs 42.5+/-7.4 ng/l, p<0.05; F: 501.6+/-65.7 vs 226.3+/- 25.6 microg/l, p<0.05) and AUC (ACTH: 3997.0+/-571.7 vs 2136.0+/-365.8 ng/l/120 min, p<0.05; F: 31,489.0+/-4299.4 vs 14,854.5+/-1541.5 microg/l/120 min, p<0.05). In patients with CDI, 1 week of replacement with DDAVP brought down ACTH (peak: 56.9+/-9.3 ng/l; AUC: 2390.7+/-480.7 ng/l/120 min) and F (peak: 310.3+/-39.5 microg/l; AUC: 17,555.5+/-2008.7 microg/l/120 min) responses to CRH to normal but did not significantly modify baseline hormone levels (ACTH: 29.6+/-3.6 ng/l; F: 239.0+/-32.3 microg/l). In conclusion, CDI is associated to increased baseline ACTH and F levels and increased responsiveness of ACTH and F to CRH administration. In addition, replacement treatment with DDAVP normalized CRH-induced but not baseline ACTH and F secretion.     

Correction to: Earlier chronotype in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Clinical Rheumatology - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-021-05606-w     

Thyrotoxicosis hepatitis: a case report]

Abnormal liver function in thyroid disorders may be secondary to thyrotoxicosis or to autoimmune injury to the liver. We report the case of a 36-year-old female who developed jaundice and pruritus with mild cholestasis and moderately elevated transaminase levels. The diagnosis of Graves' disease was made shortly thereafter. Laboratory findings were: alanine and aspartate aminotransferase 219 (IU/I (N: 9-50) and 102 IU/I (N: 10-15) respectively, alkaline phosphatase 336 IU/I (N: 40-135), bilirubin 24 micromol/I (N: 2-23), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 232 IU/I (N: 9-43). Abdominal ultrasonography showed normal bile ducts; echocardiography ruled out heart failure; viral and autoimmune markers for hepatitis and cirrhosis were negative. Percutaneous liver biopsy showed moderate intrahepatic steatosis, anisokaryosis, lymphocyte infiltration in the portal areas, and Kupffer cell hyperplasia. Outcome was favorable after seven months of iodine therapy, confirming the diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis hepatitis.     

Correction to: Hydrogen sulfide ameliorates aging-associated changes in the kidney

GeroScience - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00326-0     

Dopaminergic tone and obesity: an insight from prolactinomas treated with bromocriptine

OBJECTIVE: It has recently been shown that increased body weight is associated with prolactinomas and that weight loss occurs with normalization of prolactin levels. On the other hand, decreased dopaminergic tone in humans is well correlated with obesity. The objective of this study was to correlate changes in prolactin levels with leptin and body mass index (BMI) in patients with prolactinomas treated with the long-acting dopamine agonist bromocriptine (BC). METHODS: Eleven female and twelve male patients, aged 36.7+/-2.6 years with BMI in males of 30.4+/-1.7 kg/m(2) and in females of 24.4+/-1.2 kg/m(2), were evaluated after 1 and 6 months and 11 patients were further evaluated after 2 years of BC therapy. Plasma prolactin is presented as the mean of four samples taken daily. Serum leptin was determined in the pooled serum from three samples taken at 15-min intervals at 0800 h after an overnight fast. Multivariate linear regression and repeated measures analysis of covariance were used. RESULTS: In males, pretreatment prolactin levels were 71 362+/-29 912 mU/l while leptin levels were 14.9+/-1.8 microg/l. In females, pretreatment prolactin levels were 11 395+/-5839 mU/l and leptin levels were 16.7+/-2.5 microg/l. The sexual dimorphism of serum leptin levels at initial presentation was preserved after adjusting for BMI and prolactin-induced hypogonadism. After 1 month of therapy, prolactin levels significantly decreased (males: 17 618+/-8736 mU/l, females: 3686+/-2231; P<0.05), BMI did not change (males: 30.2+/-1.7 kg/m(2), females: 24.1+/-1.2 kg/m(2); P>0.05), while serum leptin levels decreased (males: 12.5+/-1.5 microg/l, females: 13.6+/-2.1 microg/l; P<0.05). After 6 months of treatment, prolactin further decreased (males: 3456+/-2101 mU/l, females: 677+/-360 mU/l; P<0.05) as did BMI (males: 28.6+/-1.6 kg/m(2), females 23.1+/-1.0 kg/m(2); P<0.05). The difference was more pronounced in male patients. Leptin levels were 12.8+/-2.8 microg/l in males and 12.9+/-1.8 microg/l in females (P<0.05). After 2 years of BC treatment, prolactin levels were near normal (males: 665+/-439 mU/l, females 447+/-130 mU/l; P<0.05) and BMI remained 26.5+/-1.9 kg/m(2) for males and 23.6+/-0.8 kg/m(2) for females (P<0.05). Leptin levels were 9.5+/-2.2 microg/l in males and 18.7+/-3.1 microg/l in females (P<0.05). There was a gradual increase in the gender difference in serum leptin levels over time. Changes in serum leptin levels significantly correlated with changes in BMI (r=0.844, P<0.001) but did not correlate with changes in plasma prolactin levels after 1 month (r=0.166), 6 months (r=0.313) and 2 years (r=0.234, P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The long-acting dopamine agonist BC, by increasing dopaminergic tone, may influence body weight and likely body composition by mechanisms in addition to reducing hyperprolactinemia in patients with prolactinomas.     

Erratum zu: Aktuelle Aspekte der Immunsuppression nach Transplantation solider Organe

Die Gastroenterologie - Ein Erratum zu dieser Publikation wurde veröffentlicht: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11377-019-0357-y     

Rate response and cardiac resynchronisation therapy in chronic heart failure: higher cardiac output does not acutely improve exercise performance: a pilot trial.

BACKGROUND: Rate adaptive pacing (RAP) during cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) might improve exercise capacity through enhanced cardiac output (CO). Conversely, higher heart rates (HR) might set off a blunted force-frequency response (FFR). METHODS: Fourteen CRT-treated patients (62+/-3 years, left ventricular ejection fraction 30.8+/-2.7%) underwent two cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET). CPET1: rate response off; CPET2: rate response on. Conventional and tissue doppler echocardiography were obtained at rest and at peak exercise. RESULTS: Peak values for HR (106+/-5 vs. 127+/-3 bpm; P=0.001) and CO (6.4+/-0.4 vs. 7.4+/-0.4 l/min/m; P=0.001) increased significantly comparing CPET1 and CPET2. Stroke volume index (28.8+/-1.4 vs. 27.9+/-1.2 ml/m, P=0.2) and peak oxygen consumption (17.8+/-0.9 vs. 17.4+/-0.7 ml/kg/min, P=0.6), however, did not differ. Longitudinal systolic velocities of the basal septum (SSm: 6.9+/-0.9 vs. 6.1+/-0.8 cm/s, P=0.07), basal left lateral (LSm: 6.1+/-1.3 vs. 5.9+/-0.8 cm/s, P=0.3) and basal right ventricular free wall (RVSm: 11.7+/-0.9 vs. 10.1+/-0.7 cm/s, P<0.01) remained unchanged or decreased. Inter-ventricular (Deltat LSm-RVSm) (10+/-18 vs. 15+/-9 ms) and intra-ventricular mechanical delay (Deltat SSm-LSm) (10+/-15 vs. 9+/-6 ms) did not change. CONCLUSION: RAP resulted in a net increase in CO, without an acute favourable effect on exercise capacity. This finding underscores the importance of peripheral factors (endothelial and skeletal muscle dysfunction) as determinants of exercise capacity in CHF. The fact that longitudinal systolic myocardial velocities at higher HR did not change or even decreased suggests that a blunted FFR still occurs, despite CRT. RAP had no effect on mechanical synchrony.     

Correction to: Role of Bempedoic Acid in Clinical Practice

Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10557-021-07188-w     

夜间加餐对肝硬化患者影响的Meta分析

目的 系统评价晚间加餐(LES)对肝硬化(LC)患者的疗效和安全性。方法 在PubMe d、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库,结合手工检索进行了系统检索2000年1月至2020年8月发表的相关研究论文。应用RevMan5.3对这些研究进行了统计合并和分析。结果 纳入包含492例病例的14项试验,有13项研究评估了LES后ALB的变化,结果表明,富含优质蛋白质和氨基酸的LES能提升ALB水平(MD =5.68,95％CI:1.78～9.59,P=0.004);有8项试验包括398例参与者,结果表明PAB比基线水平增加(SMD=3.87,95％CI:2.14～5.61,P<0.0001);有8项试验包括366例参与者,结果表明经过一段时期的LES后CHE较基线水平增加(SMD=0.95,95％CI:0.04～1.87,P=0.4);有4项试验在LES干预后,HGB较基线水平增加(MD=4.41,95％CI:0.001～8.82,P=0.05);在10项研究结果表明与基线比,LES干预后TBIL有所下降(MD=-22.62,95％CI:40.63～-4.62,P=0.01);6项研究发现在LES服用1～12 w后,显示RQ增加(MD=0.17,95％CI:-0.02～0.36,P=0.08);有5项研究脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物氧化率,在摄入LES后,蛋白质氧化速率呈下降趋势(MD=-4.07,95％CI:-7.22～-0.91,P=0.01),碳水化合物的利用显著增加(MD=8.47,95％CI:7.51～9.43,P<0.00001),脂肪氧化也显著降低(MD=-4.88,95％Cl:-7.73～-2.02,P=0.0008)。结论 LES可以改善LC患者的营养不良状态。     

Body mass, fat distribution and blood pressure in Southern Italian children: results of the ARCA project

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the degree of adiposity, assessed using the international reference values for body mass index (BMI) of the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), the fat distribution pattern and the blood pressure (BP) profile in children. METHODS: Anthropometric indices and blood pressure were measured in 3923 children aged 6-11 years in southern Italy. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity (by IOTF references) and pediatric hypertension was, respectively: 27, 21 and 10% for boys; 25, 21 and 14% for girls. Body mass index and waist z-scores were the strongest determinants of BP by regression analysis. Overweight and obesity were associated with a greater tendency for central fat deposition and higher BP (waist, cm; boys: 59.2+/-6.0, 69.5+/-7.9, 79.0+/-9.7; girls: 58.8+/-6.5, 68.2+/-7.4, 75.3+/-8.9; SBP/DBP, mmHg; boys: 94/60+/-12/9, 99/62+/-13/8, 103/64+/-15/10; girls: 93/59+/-12/9, 99/62+/-14/9, 101/63+/-14/9; normal weight, overweight and obese, respectively; P<0.0001; M+/-SD), and a higher risk of hypertension (overweight: RR=2.33; 95% CI 1.76-3.08; obesity: RR=3.69; 95% CI 2.78-4.90), independent of age, physical activity, birth weight, parental adiposity and education. Among normal weight children, 99% had waist <85th percentile and 93% were normotensive. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obese children, identified according to the IOTF growth charts, are characterized by a central fat distribution pattern and higher BP.     

Hormonal regulation of human leptin in vivo: effects of hydrocortisone and insulin

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of continuous i.v. infusion of hydrocortisone or insulin on leptin secretion in humans. SUBJECTS: Six, nonfasting healthy adults (four women, two men), aged (mean +/- s.e.m.) 36.6 +/- 1.7 y; body mass index (BMI) 27.6 +/- 0.9 kg/m2. DESIGN: Randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, with a 2-week 'wash-out' period. INTERVENTIONS: Intravenous infusion of hydrocortisone (3.3 microg/(kg min)), insulin (1 mU/(kg min)) or normal saline (placebo) for 24 h. MEASUREMENTS: Blood sampling every 1-2 h for measurement of glucose, insulin, cortisol and leptin; subcutaneous abdominal fat biopsy for determination of leptin mRNA expression. RESULTS: Plasma cortisol increased to 50.0 +/- 0.4 microg/dl during hydrocortisone infusion, but was unaltered during saline or insulin infusion. The plasma insulin levels were: 28.5 +/- 4.7 microU/ml (placebo), 40.8 +/- 9.2 microU/ml (hydrocortisone, P=0.214), and 243 +/- 23.0 microU/ml (insulin, P=0.0002). Peak hyperleptinemia occurred after 16h of insulin and 20h of hydrocortisone infusion; peak/baseline plasma leptin levels (ng/ml) were 18.2 +/- 4.2/15.1 +/- 3.3 (placebo, P=0.056), 42.1 +/- 7.0/16.0 +/- 3.8 (hydrocortisone, + 163%, P= 0.008) and 30.2 +/- 4.3/16.6 +/- 2.7 (insulin, +83%, P= 0.024). Adipocyte leptin mRNA increased by 350% after the hydrocortisone infusion. CONCLUSION: Hydrocortisone, a natural glucocorticoid, induces hyperleptinemia in vivo, with a potency greater than that of insulin. The interaction between glucocorticoids and leptin may be of metabolic significance in humans.