不同长度PFNA钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的效果

目的 对比分析不同长度股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的价值.方法 老年股骨转子间骨折患者100例,根据患者适应证与自身意愿,将其中44例使用短钉治疗者纳为短钉组,其他经长钉治疗的56例纳为长钉组,全部患者接受内固定术治疗,术后随访6个月.随访结束时,采用Harris髋关节功能评分评价患者髋关节恢复...     

不同手术时机对老年股骨转子间骨折康复效果影响的观察

目的探讨不同手术时机对老年股骨转子间骨折康复效果的影响。方法选取该院2013-01~2015-05收治的老年股骨转子间骨折患者40例为研究对象,以随机数字表法分为早期组与延期组,每组20例,早期组1周内进行手术,延期组1周后手术,比较两组术后并发症发生率;随访12个月比较两组生活质量、髋关节功能变化及病死率。结果早期组并发症发生率为15.0%,与延期组(45.0%)比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术前日常生活能力评分(ADL)及髋关节功能评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),术后6个月早期组ADL及髋关节功能评分分别为(55.16±11.19)分、(77.16±7.58)分,与延期组[(42.77±12.99)分、(65.11±6.97)分]比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),12个月时两组评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。随访1年,早期组病死3例,病死率为15.0%;延期组病死4例,病死率为20.0%,两组病死率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.173,P0.05)。结论早期手术可降低老年股骨转子间骨折患者并发症发生率,尤其在预防长期卧床导致的感染性并发症及压疮方面效果显著,且可改善患者术后6个月生活质量及髋关节功能,而不同手术时机对病死率的影响仍有待大样本量的深入研究。     

股骨近端锁定钢板术治疗老年股骨转子间骨折52例效果分析

我国老年人口不断增多,转子间骨折多发生在老年人群当中,全身骨折中约3%～4%是股骨转子间骨折[1].传统保守治疗的病程往往较长,也造成许多并发症,最后导致了较高的死亡率.近年来,国内外学者一致认同手术治疗为股骨转子间骨折的首选治疗方法[2].股骨近端锁定钢板是新近使用的全新内固定装置,我院对52例老年股骨转子问骨折患者采用股骨近端锁定钢板术治疗,获得了良好的效果.     

老年股骨转子间骨折的治疗进展

股骨转子间是老年人常见的骨折部位，随着社会的老龄化，老年人发生股骨转子间骨折的几率呈上升趋势。早期手术治疗可以使患者早期开展功能锻炼，大大降低长期卧床引发的并发症，并能显著降低死亡率。本文就老年股骨转子间骨折的治疗进展作一综述.     

Ender钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折82例报告

本文总结老年股骨转子间骨折中82例采用电视X线透视下闭合复位,Ender钉内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折,手术时间短,术中出血少,可早期下地,减少感染。将Ender钉尾埋在骨髓腔内松骨质中,可避免钉尾退出引起创口感染。如术前重视围手术期监护与处理,选择恰当麻醉方法,手术危险性可减少到最低程度。     

老年股骨转子间骨折髋关节置换术中假体选择的研究概述

随着社会人口的老龄化,老年人髋部骨折的出现日渐增多,已成为影响老年人健康的社会问题。转子间骨折是临床上常见的髋部骨折,目前治疗的方法有很多,其中人工髋关节置换术为常见的手术选择方式。但临床上对于选择何种假体,仍存在不同观点。该文将对两种不同假体的概念及演变历史、适应证、疗效以及并发症进行综述。     

动力髋螺钉治疗老年股骨转子间骨折

目的 评价动力髋螺钉(DHS)治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的疗效.方法 对46例老年股骨转子间骨折行牵引复位和DHS内固定手术治疗,术后早期进行康复训练.结果 随访6～36个月,根据临床综合评定标准:评为优34例,良9例,可3例.结论 DHS系统是老年股骨转子间骨折可靠的内固定方法,可以早期进行功能锻练.     

手术治疗老年股骨转子间骨折169例

目的 探讨应用相对合适的手术方法治疗老年各类股骨转子间骨折的疗效及应用价.方法 回顾性研究1998年11月至2010年10月采用不同手术方法治疗169例老年股骨转子间骨折患者术中情况、术后功能及并发症,术后髋关节功能采用HaHis评分.其中,DHS内固定69例.多根克氏针经皮固定16例,Gamma钉固定21例,股骨近端髓内钉固定37例,人工双极股骨头置换治疗26例.结果 DHS内固定组,平均出血量(350+68.5)ml,手术时间(80±10.2)min.多根克氏针经皮固定组,平均出血量(50±7.6)ml,手术时间(35±4.3)min.Gamma钉内固定组,平均出血量(400±65.4)ml,手术时间(100±12.4)min.股骨近端髓内钉固定组平均出血量(360±65.4)ml,手术时间(90±8.5)min.人工双极股骨头置换平均出血量(300+57.9)ml,手术时间(70±7.8)min.术后功能恢复:169例患者术后获6～24个月随访(平均14个月),随访期间3例患者因心脑血管疾病死亡,3例多针固定患者功能恢复差,其余患者功能恢复均良好.结论 老年股骨转子间骨折应积极采用手术治疗.手术方法需根据患者年龄、身体条件采用相对合适的方法,同时需结合手术医师对术式的熟练程度具体应用.     

高龄股骨转子间骨折的手术治疗并发症发生率分析

目的:分析高龄股骨转子间骨折的手术治疗并发症发生率.方法:纳入本院接收的股骨转子间骨折高龄患者共100例,通过手术方式的差异性将其划分为a组以及b组,每组的样本容量均为50例.对a组高龄患者执行人工股骨头置换手术模式,对b组高龄患者执行DHS内固定手术模式.对比两组手术各项指标以及术后并发症出现状况.结果:a组高龄患者...     

带锁髓内钉在老年股骨转子间骨折的应用

转子间骨折有牵引外固定及内固定两种治疗方法.治疗关键一是降低死亡率,二是减少髋内翻.长期卧床牵引已被公认为消极的治疗方法,除非有手术禁忌证,否则应手术治疗.内固定治疗主要有髓外固定（如DHS）和髓内固定（如Gamma钉、PFN和重建髓内钉）.本文介绍本院应用髓内钉的临床经验.     

Institutionalized patients with hip fractures

The authors sought to identify patient- and nursing home-specific characteristics associated with a return to community living among patients with hip fractures discharged initially to nursing homes. One hundred eighty-nine free-living elderly patients were admitted for hip fractures to a 1,120-bed community hospital during 1984–1986. At hospital discharge, 114 (60%) of these patients were institutionalized. One year later, 49/114 (43%) had returned to the community. Three factors independently correlated with patients’ return to community living: being discharged to a nursing home with a large ratio of annual admissions to number of beds (RR=2.51, 95% CI 1.65, 3.94), achieving any in-hospital ambulation (RR=4.24, 95% CI 1.77, 8.14), and receiving conventional Medicare insurance (RR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.05, 0.53). These data suggest the existence of patient and nursing home features that identify those institutionalized patients with hip fractures who are more likely to return to community dwelling. Received from the Regenstrief Institute for Health Care, the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, and the Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana Supported in part by grant 1D28PE55009 from the Bureau of Health Professions, Health Resources and Services Administration. The conclusions presented herein do not necessarily represent those of the federal government.     

防旋型股骨近端髓内钉治疗高龄不稳定股骨粗隆间骨折的临床研究

目的探讨防旋刊股骨近端髓内钉（PFNA）在治疗高龄不稳定股骨粗隆间骨折中的疗效。方法2007年9月-2010年3月采用闭合复位PFNA内同定法治疗75岁以上高龄不稳定股骨粗隆间骨折患者41例,其中男20例,女21例。根据Evans分型骨折类型：Ⅲ型25例,Ⅳ型16例。受伤至手术时间1～14d,平均6d。术后复查x线片并进行功能柃查,采用Sanders评分标准进行临床评价。结果所有患者术后伤口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染及死亡病例。41例中38例得到随访,随访时间4～18m（平均12m）。术后愈合时间3～6m,无内固定断裂、螺旋刀片拔出或穿透股骨头关节面等并发症发生。根据Sanders髋关节创伤股骨粗隆间骨折的评定标准,获优11例、良24例、中3例,优良率92．11％。结论闭合复位PFNA内同定法具有操作时间短、出血少、患者康复快、并发症少等优点,是治疗75岁以上高龄不稳定粗隆问骨折的理想方法。     

Comparison of clinical outcomes with hip replacement versus PFNA in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA)

Background:The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of HR and PFNA in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.Methods:We carried out this review according to the principle of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline. The clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective cohort studies, retrospective cohort studies (RCSs), and case-control studies involving HR and PFNA in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly from 2000 to 2020 were compared by searching Web of Science, Pubmed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase. The quality of the included cohort study (CS) lines was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The quality of the included RCT lines was evaluated using Jadad. Forest plots were drawn by RevMan5.4 software based on the results and the data were analyzed.Results:After screening, a total of 9 articles were included, of which one was a clinical RCT and eight were RCSs with 1374 patients. The operative time of the PFNA group was shorter [WMD = 15.20; 95% CI (13.17, 17.23), P < .05] and the intraoperative blood loss was less [WMD = 178.81; 95% CI (97.24, 260.38), P < .05] than the HR group, while the first weight-bearing time of the HR group was shorter [WMD = −7.70; 95% CI (−10.54, −4.86), P < .05] than the PFNA group. There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay, HHS, postoperative orthopedic complications, and postoperative medical complications between the 2 groups.Conclusion:With the development of HR technology and minimally invasive technology, the trauma caused by surgery is decreasing. Under the premise of improving perioperative management, such as optimizing the preoperative preparation and postoperative management, shortening the operative time, reducing intraoperative blood loss, and actively managing co-existing diseases, HR has more advantages than PFNA in the treatment of senile intertrochanteric fractures.     

老年骨质疏松性股骨粗隆间骨折的治疗经验

目的 回顾性分析应用人工股骨头置换及动力髋螺钉系统（dynamic hip screw,DHS）治疗老年骨质疏松性粗隆间骨折,总结该类患者治疗经验。方法选取第四军医大学西京医院骨科2007年1月至2009年12月老年骨质疏松性粗隆间骨折病例103例,其中采用DHS术式71例;采用人工关节置换32例;记录手术时间、术中出血量,术后并发症,骨折愈合情况,术后髋关节Harris功能评分。结果DHS组平均手术时间（96．7±8．6）min,平均出血量（317．7±26．5）ml,术后Harris髋关节功能评分,优32例,良26例,可6例,差7例,优良率81．7％;人工股骨头置换组手术时间平均（107．0±12．8）min,手术出血量平均（335．34-28．1）m1,术后Harris髋关节功能评分：优10例,良14例,可2例,差1例,优良率88．9％。结论结合抗骨质疏松治疗,只要适应证选择恰当,DHS及人工股骨头置换均为老年骨质疏松性粗隆间骨折的有效治疗手段,中短期疗效满意。     

Comparison of perioperative hidden blood loss for intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly by different intramedullary fixations: A randomized controlled study protocol

Background:Till date only a few studies have reported the clinical outcomes of intraoperative hidden blood loss of intertrochanteric fracture in the old people treated with various intramedullary immobilizations. The aim of the trial is to investigate the best choice for treating intertrochanteric fractures, as well as the hidden blood loss among different intramedullary fixations.Methods:This randomized, single-blind, superiority clinical trial was admitted by the Ethics Committee in our hospital (The 7th Medical Center of PLA, 20200602DM). The eligibility criteria were:

• (1)Over 60 years or older;
• (2)Fresh closed intertrochanteric fractures (AO 31-A2);
• (3)A low- intensity trauma;
• (4)With complete records of serial full blood count, including haematocrit value on admission and 72 hour after surgery.

Patients who met any of the following conditions would not be able to participate in the test: composite femoral fracture, under 65 years of ages, experience of femoral fractures, surgical contraindications, nonambulatory before the presenting injury, or presence of any other traumatic fractures. 120 participants with unstable intertrochanteric fractures, treated by Gammar nail, (n = 40), Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (n = 40) and Intertrochanteric Antegrade Nail (n = 40) instruments were enrolled in this research. The main outcome measures were total blood loss and hidden blood loss, which were evaluated based on the haematocrit change after the operation. The experimental data was analyzed and sorted out with SPSS program (ver.19; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).Results:This experiment had strict inclusive criteria and exclusive criteria and a well- regulated intervention.Conclusions:The results of this trial will provide more evidence on which technique can better treat unstable intertrochanteric fracture.Trial registration:This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry5788).     

康复护理在老年颈肩腰腿痛康复治疗中的应用效果

目的探讨康复护理在老年颈肩腰腿痛康复治疗中的应用效果。方法将我院2018年11月至2019年12月收治的130例老年颈肩腰腿痛患者按随机数字表法分为两组,各65例。两组均接受康复治疗,对照组予以常规护理,观察组在此基础上接受康复护理。对比两组疼痛、日常生活活动能力(BI)、心理状态及疾病认知水平。结果观察组干预后VAS评分低于对照组(3.16±0.57 vs 4.25±0.76),BI高于对照组(76.32±11.54 vs 60.13±10.17),观察组治疗当日、治疗后3天的SAS评分均低于对照组(48.29±5.99 vs 52.72±6.81)、(38.70±4.26 vs 45.26±5.14),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组干预后疾病认知水平优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论康复护理可有效减轻老年颈肩腰腿痛行康复治疗患者的疼痛,改善心理状态与疾病认知,利于提高自理能力。     

Impacts of the perioperative fast track surgery concept on the physical and psychological rehabilitation of total hip arthroplasty: A prospective cohort study of 348 patients

Studies have shown that rapid rehabilitation surgery has a positive effect on recovery after major orthopedic surgery. However, very few studies have examined the impact of fast track surgery on physical and psychological rehabilitation in patients who have undergone total hip replacement.This study aimed to investigate the value of the rapid rehabilitation surgical model for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty during the perioperative period.We conducted a prospective cohort study that included patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty at our hospital from January 2015 to December 2018. We divided the patients into 2 groups – the rapid rehabilitation group and the conventional rehabilitation group – and compared their length of hospital stay, time to off-bed activity, pain score, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale scores, Self-Rating Depression Scale scores, complication rate, and rate of satisfaction during hospitalization.A total of 348 patients were included in the study. Of these, 180 received rapid rehabilitation nursing and 168 patients received conventional nursing. Compared with the patients in the conventional rehabilitation group, those in the rapid rehabilitation group had shorter hospital stays (11.5 ± 1.2 day vs 15.5 ± 2.3 day, P = .021), resumed off-bed activities sooner (20.5 ± 3.4 hours vs 61.8 ± 4.7 hours, P = .001, had less postoperative pain (4.0 ± 1.2 vs 6.5 ± 1.1, P < .001), and lower anxiety and depression scores (anxiety score: 24.4 ± 2.1 vs 47.9 ± 2.9; depression score: 25.8 ± 1.8 vs 43.7 ± 1.7, P < .001).The application of rapid rehabilitation surgery in total hip arthroplasty can accelerate patients’ postoperative recovery, relieve anxiety and depression, and increase the patient''s satisfaction with the treatment.     

快速康复外科护理在结直肠癌NOSES手术患者中的应用探索

目的探讨快速康复外科护理对结直肠癌NOSES术患者术后恢复效果及心理状况的影响。 方法选取2018年5月至2019年3月在中国医学科学院肿瘤医院行结直肠癌NOSES手术的患者90例为研究对象。按照随机数字表法将其分为实验组和对照组,每组45例。实验组给予快速康复外科护理管理,对照组给予常规护理。观察术后首次排气、排便、离床活动、住院时间及患者焦虑抑郁程度的组间差异。 结果入院时,两组焦虑评分（t=0.744,P=0.461）和抑郁评分（t=-1.879,P=0.066）差异均无统计学意义,具有可比性。实验组在术后48 h焦虑评分低于对照组（t=-5.85,P<0.01）、抑郁评分低于对照组（t=-6.04,P<0.01）,差异有统计学意义。实验组术后首次排气时间短于对照组（t=-2.32,P=0.025）,首次排便时间短于对照组（t=-2.48,P=0.017）,首次离床活动时间早于对照组（t=-3.15,P=0.003）,平均住院时间短于对照组（t=-4.05,P<0.01）,差异均有统计学意义。 结论快速康复外科护理能够有效促进结直肠癌NOSES手术患者的术后恢复、改善焦虑抑郁状况,值得临床推广应用。     

衰弱老年人的功能康复研究进展及对康复护理实践的启示

衰弱严重影响老年人健康状况和生活质量,要重视对衰弱前期的早识别、早预防,避免衰弱进展及失能。功能康复对于预防和逆转衰弱至关重要,主要方法包括运动康复、心脏康复,并逐渐扩展到肺康复和吞咽康复等方面。护理人员应当在老年人衰弱康复中发挥积极作用,建立以护理人员为主导的衰弱康复体系;立足主动健康,将康复干预关口前移,同时重点关注中重度衰弱的高龄老年人;采用综合康复护理策略,可通过互联网+照护者陪伴运动的方式提高高龄老人康复锻炼依从性和安全性。