56例食管癌X线钡餐及CT检查与手术对比分析

５６例食管癌Ｘ线钡餐及ＣＴ检查与手术对比分析欧碧玉，段青，林若柏关键词：食管肿瘤，Ｘ线透视，断层摄影技术，Ｘ线计算机本文就我院１９９０年７月～１９９３年底经治的５６例食道癌患者术前Ｘ线钡餐和ＣＴ检查与手术病理对比分析，评价食道癌术前两种影像学检查的作...     

放射性核素骨显像对早期股骨头缺血坏死的诊断价值

目的探讨ＳＰＥＣＴ断层显像及头／头比，头／干比对早期股骨头缺血坏死患者在Ｘ线片检查尚未有异常表现时的诊断价值。方法对２０例股骨头缺血坏死Ｘ线片检查无异常的患者，作双髋关节ＳＰＥＣＴ断层显像及静态平面像。结果（１）２０例患者受累的２６个股骨头在ＳＰＥＣＴ断层显像上均有骨坏死征像。（２）头／头比及头／干比明显高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论ＳＰＥＣＴ断层显像及头／头比和头／干比对股骨头缺血坏死的早期诊断具有重要意义。     

CT扫描在股骨头坏死的应用价值

本文观察比较了ＣＴ、ＥＣＴ与Ｘ光摄片在股骨头缺血性坏死中的作用。认为ＣＴ与ＥＣＴ均可早期诊断该病，但ＣＴ可提供形态学上的依据，而ＥＣＴ仅能发现血液流变的异常，并无特异性：ＣＴ在治疗方案选择上明显较Ｘ光为优越，并能清楚地观察股骨头坏死术后修复与重建，其不足主要在整体观察髓关节上不如Ｘ光显像全面。     

晶体温度对牙用玻璃陶瓷显微结构的影响

为研究晶化热处理对玻璃陶瓷显微结构的影响，作者按不同晶体温度条件，采用扫描电镜，Ｘ射线能谱、Ｘ射线衍射等技术分析，玻璃陶恣显微结构不同晶体温度而变化的规律。     

野生东北刺人参的X射线衍射研究

为揭示东北刺人参根、茎、叶、果的Ｘ射线衍射特征,应用粉末Ｘ射线衍射的方法,获得该植物上述４个部位的Ｘ射线衍射图谱和数据。结果表明：东北制人参４个部位的Ｘ射线衍射图谱可用于该药材的鉴定。经对比分析确认东北刺人参根与茎具有相同的Ｘ射线衍射数据,为以茎代根利用东北刺人参提供了谱学依据。     

X—CT及其进展

电子计算机Ｘ射线断层图像技术（Ｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒａｓｉｓｔｅｄｔｏｍｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,简称ＣＴ）是１９７２年由英国工程师Ｇ．Ｈ．Ｈｏｕｎｓｆｉｅｌｄ设计成功并开始应用于临床。此项技术问世至今２５年的时间得到了不断的完善发展,由当初的头部扩展到全身,不仅扫...     

肺灌注显像,X线摄片,肺功能测定和血气分析对肺结核病人的临床综合评价

对３６例肺结核病人做了＾９９ｍＴＣ－ＭＡＡ单光了发射计算机断层，Ｘ线胸片，肺功能测定和血气分析，并进行临床综合评价。认为Ｘ线检查仍是最重要的常规检查方法，ＳＰＥＣＴ属先进的无创性技术，有助于解肺血流灌注情况，弥补了Ｘ线检查的不足。     

一种基于PC的三维医学图像实时手术模拟系统

从ＣＴＭＲＩ等产生系列断层衅像重建三维实体,并在实体上进行外科手术模拟从而达到计数机仿真外科手术;作同一种基于ＰＣ的三维医学图像实时手术模拟系统。本系统运用表面显示算法完成了基于ＰＣ的将系列断层图像快速重建。得用ＯＰＧＬ进行三维显示。将面转化为线再细胞分为点的思想实现了三维体数据的交互分割。将面转化为线再细分为点的思想实现了三维体数据的交互分割。将测量点投影响到体数据从而定位出体数据的交互分割。     

CT诊断颅凹陷症的价值

ＣＴ诊断颅凹陷症的价值巩若箴，王涛，柳澄山东省医学影象学研究所（２５００２１）ＣＴ问世前，主要依靠Ｘ线检查诊断颅底凹陷症。由于枕大孔区骨结构复杂，Ｘ线片难以准确显示其病理改变，尤其是Ｘ线片不能显示其软组织结构，颈延髓的情况难以观察。ＣＴ具有多方位断层...     

胸部创伤的X线及CT诊断评价

目的 探讨ＣＴ对胸部创伤的诊断价值。方法 对照分析３５例胸部创伤的Ｘ线表片及ＣＴ表现,ＣＴ扫描均采用骨算法重建,拍照时采用两种窗位拍摄,结果 胸廓骨折Ｘ线平片检出２７例,ＣＴ检出２１例,差异无显著性（Ｐ〉０．０５）;胸膜外伤ＣＴ检查２２例,Ｘ线平片检出１３例;肺部损伤ＣＴ检查,３５例,Ｘ线平片检出１５例,差异均有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０１～Ｐ〈０．００５）,结论有：胸廓Ｘ线平片仍然是胸部创伤首选检查方法     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.