HLA—DR—DQ连锁基因单倍体与成人缓慢进展型和速发型1型 …

目的 探讨ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ－ＤＱ连锁基因单倍体与成人缓慢进展型１型糖尿病（ＳＰＩＤＤＭ）和速发型１型糖尿病（ＦＰＩＤＤＭ）的相关性。方法 利用ＰＣＲ／ＳＳＰ技术检测了５２例ＳＰＩＤＤＭ患者、３０例ＦＰＩＤＤＭ患者和１３０例正常人的ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ－ＤＱ连锁基因频率。结果 ①ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＡ１＊０３０１－ＤＱＢ１＊０２０１和ＤＱＡ１＊０５０１－ＤＱＢ１＊０２０１连锁基因单倍体与ＳＰＩＤＤＭ（Ｐｃ〈０．００１）     

HLA-DR-DQ连锁基因单倍体与成人缓慢进展型和速发型1型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的探讨ＨＬＡＤＲＤＱ连锁基因单倍体与成人缓慢进展型１型糖尿病（ＳＰＩＤＤＭ）和速发型１型糖尿病（ＦＰＩＤＤＭ）的相关性。方法利用ＰＣＲ／ＳＳＰ技术检测了５２例ＳＰＩＤＤＭ患者、３０例ＦＰＩＤＤＭ患者和１３０例正常人的ＨＬＡＤＲＤＱ连锁基因频率。结果①ＨＬＡＤＱＡ１０３０１ＤＱＢ１０２０１和ＤＱＡ１０５０１ＤＱＢ１０２０１连锁基因单倍体与ＳＰＩＤＤＭ（Ｐｃ＜０．００１）和ＦＰＩＤＤＭ（Ｐｃ＜０．００１）均呈显著正相关；②ＨＬＡＤＱＡ１０３０１ＤＱＢ１０３０１和ＤＱＡ１０３０１ＤＱＢ１０６０２连锁基因单倍体与ＳＰＩＤＤＭ呈显著正相关（Ｐｃ＜０．００１）；③ＨＬＡＤＱＡ１０３０１ＤＱＢ１０３０２，ＤＱＡ１０３０１ＤＱＢ１０３０３及ＤＲＢ１０３０１ＤＱＡ１０３０１ＤＱＢ１０２０１连锁基因单倍体与ＦＰＩＤＤＭ呈显著正相关（前二者Ｐｃ＜０．０１，后者Ｐｃ＜０．００１）。结论ＳＰＩＤＤＭ和ＦＰＩＤＤＭ虽然均为自身免疫性糖尿病，但其ＨＬＡ表型并不完全相同，不同的ＨＬＡ表型可能是决定患者起病方式及病情发展不同的因素之一。     

人类白细胞相关抗原HLA DQB1基因与IDDM的关联

利用ＰＣＲ／ＳＳＯ方法对ＩＤＤＭ病人，ＬＡＤＡ病人，ＮＩＤＤＭ病人以及健康对照者进行ＨＬＡ ＤＱＢ１基因分型。结果发现ＤＱＢ１＊０２０１及ＤＱＢ１＊０３０２在ＬＡＤＡ组显著增高，分别为５３．４％，６６．７％比正常组的１９．５％和３４．２％。与正常组相比，ＤＱＢ１＊０３０２在ＩＤＤＭ组显著增高，为９１．１％比３４．２％。     

HLA-DRB1和DQ基因与胰岛素依赖型糖尿病遗传易感相关性的联合研究

用ＰＣＲ（聚合酶链反应）及序列特异性寡核苷酸探针杂交技术（ＳＳＯＰＨ）对中国北方人中ＨＬＡ－ＤＲＢ１和ＤＱ基因与ＩＤＤＭ的遗传易感相关性联合进行了研究，以５４例胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患儿为研究对象，４０例正常成年供血员为对照。结果表明：ＤＲＢ１＊０３０１、ＤＱＡ１＊０５０１、０３０１和ＤＱＢ１＊０２０１为ＩＤＤＭ易感性基因，ＤＱＡ１＊０１０３、ＤＱＢ１＊０６０１为ＩＤＤＭ保护性基因。ＤＲＢ１＊０３０１－ＤＱＡ１＊０５０１－ＤＱＢ１＊０２０１为ＩＤＤＭ易感性单倍型。ＤＲ３／ＤＲ４和ＤＲ３／ＤＲ９杂合子在病人中显著增高，表明ＤＲ３和ＤＲ４或ＤＲ３和ＤＲ９单倍型的易感性效果之间产生了协同作用。     

HLA—DRB1和DQ基因与胰岛素依赖型糖尿病遗传易感相关性的联合研究

用ＰＣＲ及序列特异性寡核苷酸针杂交技术对中国北方人中ＨＬＡ－ＤＲＢ１和ＤＱ基因与ＩＤＤＭ的遗传易感相关性联合进行了研究。以５４例胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患儿为研究对象，４０例正常成年供血员为对照，结果表明：ＤＲＢ１＊０３０１、ＤＱＡ１＊０５０１、０３０１和ＤＱＢ１＊０２０１为ＩＤＤＭ易感性基因，ＤＱＡ１＊０１０３、ＤＱＢ１＊ＤＱＢ１＊０６０１为ＩＤＤＭ保护性基因。ＤＲＢ１＊０３０１－ＤＱＡ１＊０５０１－     

HLA—II类基因与红斑狼疮自身抗体相关性研究

目的 分析ＨＬＡ－Ⅱ类等位基因与自身抗体的相关性,探讨系统性红斑狼疮的自身抗体反应类型。方法 应用聚合酶链反应／序列特异寡核苷酸探针杂交（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＯＰＨ）检测技术对１１３例确诊ＳＬＥ病人进行ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ、ＤＱＡ１和ＤＱＢ１基因分型。结果 抗ｄｓＤＮＡ与ＤＱＢ１＊１６０１和ＤＲＢ３＊０３０１负相关;ＡＮＡ与ＤＲＢ３＊０２０２和ＤＱＡ１＊０５０１正相关;抗ＲＮＰ与ＤＱＡ１＊０３０１正相关,与ＤＱＡ     

HLA—Ⅱ类基因与狼疮性器官系统损害的相关性研究

目的 分析ＨＬＡ－Ⅱ类基因与狼疮性器官、系统损害的相关性,探讨系统性红斑狼疮（ＳＬＥ）从基因到临床表达的发病机制。方法 应用ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＯＰＨ技术检测１１３例确认ＳＬＥ病人的ＤＲ、ＤＱＡ１、ＤＱＢ１等位基因。结果 浆膜炎与ＤＱＢ１＊０６０１正相关;神经精神症状与ＤＲＢ１＊１５０１正相关;血肌同与ＤＱＢ１＊０３０２、ＤＱＢ１＊０４０１正相关;血尿素氮增高与ＤＱＢ１＊０２０１负相关;蛋白尿与ＤＱＢ１     

糖尿病家系 HLA-DRB_1、DQA_1、DQB_1 单倍型及 HLA-DQA_1 启动子(QAP)的序列分析

对一糖尿病家系成员ＨＬＡ－ＤＲＢ１、ＤＱＡ１、ＤＱＢ１单倍型及ＤＱＡ１启动子区核苷酸序列进行分析，结果表明：ＩＤＤＭ患者Ｆ、Ｓ５为ＤＲ３－ＤＱＡ＊１０５０１ＤＱＢ＊１０２０１－／ＤＲ９－ＤＱＡ＊１０３０１－ＤＱＢ＊１０３０３杂合子；其它表型正常者均为ＤＲ９－ＤＱＡ＊１０３０１－ＤＱＢ＊１０３０３／ＤＲ５（１２）－ＤＱＡ＊１０５０１－ＤＱＢ＊１０３０１杂合子。ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＡ１启动子序列分析显示，患者Ｆ、Ｓ５在－１７６，－６６和－９２位分别发生Ａ→Ｇ，Ａ→Ｇ和Ｃ→Ｔ单个碱基取代突变。     

HLA—DR2,DRB1＊0301,DQA1＊0501基因频率与肌炎及其临床表现的 …

目的：观察人类白细胞相关抗原ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ２，ＤＲＢ１＊０３０１，ＤＱＡ１＊０５０１基因频率为多发性肌炎／皮肌炎（ＰＭ／ＤＭ）发病及其临床表现的关系，方法：特异性引物聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＰ）方法分别测定了３１例ＰＭ／ＤＭ患者及５０例正常人的ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ２，ＤＲＢ１＊０３０１及ＨＬＡ－ＤＡＱ１＊０５０１的基因频率，结果：三种基因型在３１例肌炎患得中基频率分别为：６．４５％，９．６８％和７７．４     

台湾中国人中HLA－DQB_157位基因编码与IDDM的关系

台湾中国人中ＨＬＡ－ＤＱＢ_１５７位基因编码与ＩＤＤＭ的关系［ＣｈｕａｎｇＬＭ。ＤｉａｂｅｔｅｓＣａｒｅ，１９９４，１７：８６３］为了解在台湾生活的中国人ＩＤＤＭ的ＨＬＡ－ＤＯＢ１基因背景，作者对台北市４７例ＩＤＤＭ患者（平均年龄１８．４±７．６岁、?..     

ERCP and MRCP--when and why

Since the introduction of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the 1970s, gastroenterologists have a wide spectrum of diagnostic and therapeutic options in the biliopancreatic ductal system at their disposal. With its arrival in the 1990s, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) developed as a potent diagnostic tool in biliopancreatic pathology. Currently, MRCP is widely replacing diagnostic ERCP and thereby avoiding complications related to endoscopic technique.We summarize evidence-based data and demonstrate indications and differential indications for MRCP and ERCP in pancreatic disease. Complications related to the procedures and possible medical prevention are discussed. The feasibility of interventional endoscopy in pancreatic disease is reported in detail. The role of gastroenterologists in performing MRCP is outlined on the basis of practical examples.     

Micronutrients and infection: interactions and implications with enteric and other infections and future priorities

Symposium presentations have focused on the elegant molecular science and the biologic mechanisms by which micronutrients play critical roles in cellular and humoral immune responses, cellular signaling and function, and even in the evolution of microbial virulence. The concluding session examined the practical issues of how best to evaluate the nutritionally at-risk host, especially in the areas of greatest need-an analytical model of nutrient-immune interactions, implications of nutritional modulation of the immune response for disease, and the implications for international research and child health. This overview illustrated how malnutrition may be a major consequence of early childhood diarrhea and enteric infections, as enteric infections may critically impair intestinal absorptive function with potential long-term consequences for growth and development. The potentially huge, largely undefined DALY (disability-adjusted life years) impact of early childhood diarrheal illnesses demonstrates the importance of quantifying the long-term functional impact of largely preventable nutritional and infectious diseases, especially in children in developing areas.