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1.
Kyoung-Tak Kang Sae Kwang Kwon Juhyun Son Oh-Ryong Kwon Jun-Sang Lee Yong-Gon Koh 《The Knee》2018,25(5):903-914
Background
Postoperative changes of the femoral posterior condylar offset (PCO) and posterior tibial slope (PTS) affect the biomechanics of the knee joint after fixed-bearing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the biomechanics of mobile-bearing is not well known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether alterations to the PCO and PTS affect the biomechanics for mobile-bearing TKA.Methods
We used a computational model for a knee joint that was validated using in vivo experiment data to evaluate the effects of the PCO and PTS on the tibiofemoral (TF) joint kinematics, patellofemoral (PF) contact stress, collateral ligament force and quadriceps force, for mobile-bearing TKA. The computational model was developed using ± 1-, ± 2- and ± 3-mm PCO models in the posterior direction and ? 3°, 0°, + 3°, and + 6° PTS models based on each of the PCO models.Results
The maximum PF contact stress, collateral ligament force and quadriceps force decreased as the PTS increased. In addition, the maximum PF contact stress and quadriceps force decreased, and the collateral ligament force increased as PCO translated in the posterior direction. This trend is consistent with that observed in any PCO and PTS.Conclusions
Our findings show the various effects of postoperative alterations in the PCO and PTS on the biomechanical results of mobile-bearing TKA. Based on the computational simulation, we suggest that orthopaedic surgeons intraoperatively conserve the patient's own anatomical PCO and PTS in mobile-bearing TKA. 相似文献2.
Background
The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the influence of parameters of malalignment on knee function 5?years post TKA and, additionally, to explore alterations in patellar height after TKA.Methods
All 661 patients undergoing TKA between 2010 and 2011 were considered for inclusion. Preoperative and 1-year postoperative short-leg radiographs were assessed for malalignment parameters: coronal tibial angle (cTA), sagittal tibial angle (sTA), femoral flexion angle (FFA) and mediolateral tibial mismatch. Patellar height was measured using the modified Insall-Salvati ratio. We determined improvements in knee function utilizing the Knee Society Score (Function score, KSS-F), Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and Algofunctional index (AI). Influences of malalignment parameters were analyzed univariate and selected (p?<?0.10) for multivariate linear regression analysis. Inter-observer reproducibility was assessed by test–retest analysis of 30 randomly selected radiographs and calculation of an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for all radiographic parameters.Results
Three-hundred and four patients were included. Multivariate regression showed degrees of cTA malalignment to be significantly associated with only the KSS-F (β?=?? 3.52). Correction of coronal deformity was stronger associated with knee function (KSS-F β?=?2.81; AI β?=?? 0.36). Patellar height was significantly reduced after TKA (1.51 vs 1.44). Decrease of patellar height was weakly associated with the OKS (β?=?10.69). ICC scores were: cTA 0.81, sTA 0.57, IS 0.72, FFA 0.75.Conclusion
Postoperative coronal tibial plate alignment and correction of preoperative coronal deformity are associated with improved knee function 5?years post TKA. Decrease in patellar height was weakly associated with knee function. Short-leg radiography can be a sufficient screening tool for prosthesis alignment. 相似文献3.
Gregorio Martínez-Ozuna Jesús Santos-Guzmán Noé Enrique Pérez Anguiano Georgina Herrera Martínez Karla Patricia Pacheco Alvarado 《Educación Médica》2019
Objective
To develop a method for the evaluation of clinical sites through the perspective of medical residents.Material and method
A set of 20 variables were selected and grouped into the following categories: (i) teaching staff; (ii) hospital organisation; (iii) educational program, and (iv) overall opinion.Results
A gradient scale of the suitability of the clinical site was designed, and validated, with 55% of the clinical sites being at an acceptable level and 45% being unacceptable below.Conclusion
This tool permitted the quality of the clinical sites used by the medical residents to be measured using a gradient scale. 相似文献4.
Background
The presence of intron 25S allows to divide the Candida albicans species into three subclasses (A, B, C). Intronless and intron harboring strains were reported to have different susceptibility to some drugs, for example to flucytosine and bleomycin.Objectives
In this paper we tested the activity of selected antineoplastic agents, bleomycin, mitomycin C, dactinomycin and fluorouracil as well as antifungal drug flucytosine against 49 C. albicans isolates. Twenty-four strains used in this work contained intron, whereas twenty-five were intronless.Methods
The minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by the standard microdilution method according to EUCAST.Results
All of the tested agents showed antifungal activity. Bleomycin was the strongest with an average minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC] of 15.5 mg/L (range: 2–32), while the highest MIC was found for dactinomycin: 172.14 mg/L (range: 128–256). Intron harboring strains seem to be more susceptible to bleomycin and flucytosine; however, differences were not statistically significant. The only two strains with elevated MICs for flucytosine were intronless. In contrast, the MIC of 5-fluorouracil was more than two times lower in intron harbouring strains comparing to intronless strains (P-value = 0.0124). We found that the addition of folinate significantly increased the susceptibility of intronless strains to fluorouracil. MIC of fluorouracil decreased in this group from 58.24 (range: 16–256) to 16,78 mg/L (2–64) after the supplementation of folinate.Conclusion
The antifungal potential of tested substances, especially the simultaneous action of fluorouracil and folinate (combination used in oncology), is encouraging further research. 相似文献5.
Background
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains the gold standard for end-stage knee osteoarthritis. The prevalence of stiffness after this procedure described in literature varies from 1.3% to 5.3%. The causes of arthrofibrosis after total knee arthroplasty are multifactorial. Revision TKA is a successful procedure when performed for loosening, instability, mechanical implant failure, or infection. The results of revision TKA for idiopathic arthrofibrosis and stiffening are however less favorable.Purpose
It has been the authors' impression that the poor results in arthrofibrosis could be in part related to the use of traditional PS or CCK-type revision implants. Our hypothesis is that better results can be achieved in case a rotating hinge design (RHK) is used. The reason could be that RHK designs allow for much more aggressive capsuloligament debridement and therefore more adequate fibrosis removal, while securing optimal implant stability, tibiofemoral rotational freedom, and flexion-extension space stability. The purpose of our study was to investigate in our database whether this hypothesis is correct.Methods
Retrospectively, 40 patients with the defined range of knee motion were identified. Patients with underlying mechanical malalignment, component malposition, soft-tissue imbalance or infections were excluded. Twenty-two patients received a hinged-type prosthetic device (18 Zimmer RHK, four Stryker RHK) and 18 patients received a less constrained condylar type prosthetic device (17 Legion CCK, one Vanguard CCK).Results
Preoperative data were similar for RHK as CCK-type implants except for knee pain score, which was significantly worse for the RHK group (36 vs 44, p?=?0.049). At two years of follow-up, compared to CCK, the RHK group demonstrated significantly better postoperative results for knee function scores (68.9 vs 54.2, p?=?0.0015), knee function improvement (22.8 vs 4.8, p?=?0.0015), knee pain improvement (26.4 vs 9.4, p?=?0.0050), greater maximal flexion (99.9° vs 81.4°, p?=?0.0005), better maximal extension (? 1.9° vs ? 6.2°, p?=?0.0447), greater flexion gain (35.8° vs 14.2°, p?=?0.0002), and greater extension gain (8.6° vs 2.0°, p?=?0.0083).Conclusion
Our data show that revision arthroplasty of the stiff knee using a rotating hinged device can provide excellent results in selected cases. To date, this is the first study to describe the difference in outcome between revision total knee arthroplasty for idiopathic arthrofibrosis using a hinged or a constrained condylar knee device. 相似文献6.
José M. Ramos M. Asunción Martínez-Mayoral Francisco Sánchez-Ferrer Javier Morales Tomás Sempere Isabel Belinchón Antonio F. Compañ 《Educación Médica》2019
Introduction
The objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is a method of evaluating clinical competence with evidence of validity, objectivity, and reliability. In this study an analysis is presented of the OSCE by sixth-year medical students.Material and methods
Cross-sectional study of the OSCE carried out in the School of Medicine of the Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche in June 2016.Results
The test involved 116 sixth-year students. The test consisted of 7 (35%) standardised patient stations, 5 (25%) reporting stations, 4 (20%) mannequin/procedure stations, and 4 (20%) structured oral exam-type stations. The median student score was 7.14 (interquartile range: 6.90-7.43). The median score for the students on the first day in the morning was 7.10. On the first day in the afternoon it was higher (7.14) and also higher (7.24) on the second day in the morning, but with no statistically significant differences. The station with the lowest score was the report station (6.41), and the station with the highest score was the mannequin/procedure station (7.88) (P < .001). In the standardised patient stations (score: 7.12), the results of the students were better in those where the patient was a doctor in training (7.52) than in those where the patient was an actor (6.82) (P < .001). The highest-ranking of competence was legal ethics and professionalism (8.56), followed by communication skills (7.79) (P < .001).Conclusions
The analysis of the OSCE has led to understanding the nature of the test and the opportunities of improvement that it offers for future tests 相似文献7.
Christian R. Mejia Mario J. Valladares-Garrido Carla Almanza-Mio Dayanne Benites-Gamboa 《Educación Médica》2019
Introduction
There are no reports on whether membership in a medical student scientific society (SOCEM) produces a real significant increase in scientific production.Objective
To determine if participating in a SOCEM is associated with extracurricular scientific production in Latin America.Methodology
A secondary data study was conducted, which used a data base of 11,500 students from 11 Latin American countries. It was determined whether they belonged to the SOCEM of their university. This was cross-referenced with the performing or projected to perform 5 scientific products (works, projects, clinical cases, letters to the Editor, and publication in scientific journals). Association statistics were obtained.Results
Out of the total number analysed, 13% (1,449) belonged to a SOCEM. In the multivariate analysis, it was found that membership in a SOCEM was associated with a higher production of research projects (RP 1.69, 95% CI 1.54-1.85, P < .001), research work (RP 1.42, 95% CI 1.29-1.57, P < .001), clinical cases (RP 1.20, 95% CI 1.05-1.38, P = .006), letters to the Editor (RP 2.12, 95% CI 1.66-2.73, P < .001), and scientific publications (RP 1.57, 95% CI 1.32-1.87, P < .001). In addition, it was also associated with a higher projection for the performance of a research study (PR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.09, P < .001) and to write a clinical case (RP 1.09, 95% CI 1.06-1.13, P < .001).Conclusions
Being in a SOCEM had a positive impact on scientific production, which could be used by some institutions that still have deficiencies in their research processes, because having motivated human resources is an important step to promote Science from the grassroots. 相似文献8.
Christian R. Mejia Mario J. Valladares-Garrido Sarah Quintana-Gomez Paula Heredia 《Educación Médica》2019
Introduction
Having a previous degree should be an advantage in the overall knowledge of the medical degree, but this has not been evaluated from the scientific point of view.Objective
To determine whether there is an association with a previous degree and the use of search engines in medical students of Latin America.Methodology
Cross-sectional analytical study was conducted, based on an analysis of secondary data from a study carried out in 40 medical schools in Latin America. The main variable was the previous degree, which was crossed with the knowledge of five databases and a search engine. Association statistics were performed.Results
Of the 11,574 students included, 7.6% (885) has a previous degree, of which 79.6% (606) were in the area of sciences. The best known scientific search resources were Google Scholar (69.1% and 73.6%, for those without and with a previous degree, respectively), followed by PubMed (59.9% versus 64.5%), SciELO (55.9% versus 66.1%). In the multivariate analysis, those who had a previous career made less frequent use of PubMed (RP: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.79-0.95), Scopus (RP: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.61-0.99), Uptodate (RP: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.54-0.97), and SciELO (RP: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.69-0.87), adjusted by three variables.Discussion
There is a lower frequency of use of information resources among those who have a previous degree. This could indicate that other degree courses also have a lower level of teaching in research subjects. These results need to corroborated and improved. 相似文献9.
U. Nawrot A. Wieliczko K. Włodarczyk E. Kurzyk A. Brillowska-Dąbrowska 《Journal de Mycologie Médicale》2019,29(1):24-27
Aim
The aim of this study was to investigate the collection of avian Aspergillus fumigatus isolates for the presence of triazole resistance.Material and method
The study was performed on 60 A. fumigatus isolates cultured from lung tissue samples from chicken (25), geese (17), turkeys (13) and ducks (5). The samples were obtained from 40 different farms located in the Southwest Poland and were collected in the period of September 2015 to November 2016. The EUCAST microdilution method, with the use of three concentrations of itraconazole (ITR) (1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/L), was used to screen the susceptibility of all isolates. Additionally, the selected 20 isolates were tested with eleven concentrations ranging 0.015–16 mg/L of ITR, voriconazole, posaconazole and isavuconazole.Results
Most tested isolates (59/60) were susceptible to ITR (MIC ≤ 0.5 mg/L). One isolate showed elevated MIC for ITR (16 mg/L), as well as voriconazole (4 mg/L), izavuconazole (4 mg/L), and posaconazole (0.5 mg/L). This isolate was identified on the basis of DNA analysis as A. fumigatus carrying TR34/L98H mutation. All of the ITR-susceptible isolates under study were also susceptible to other triazoles.Conclusion
Obtained results indicated a low frequency (1.6%) of A. fumigatus resistant to triazoles among avian isolates from the Southwest regions of Poland. 相似文献10.
11.
Objective
The Mini-CEX, which is an evaluation method of clinical skills, was used in a medical residency program for assessing its results over time and to determine its validity and reliability.Materials and methods
The evaluation system was standardised with three the Mini-CEX being applied over one year to first-year medical residents of internal medicine and sub-specialties in the Faculty of Medicine of Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú. Differences between the three evaluations were measured using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The degree of reliability was measured using the Cronbach alpha test, and construct validity with factor analysis. Twenty teachers were trained. Each one of fourteen residents was evaluated three times.Results
The observations lasted 46.5 ± 26.1 minutes and feedback 20.1 ± 11.1 minutes. The factor analysis found one dimension. The overall Cronbach alpha score was 0.92. A significant improvement was observed in the residents in Physical Examination, from 6 (5.8-7.0) to 7.5 (6.8-8.0) p=. 028, clinical judgment, from 6 (6.0-7.2) to 8 (7.0-8.2) p=.021, and overall rating, from 7 (6, 0-7.6) to 8 (7-8) p=. 043. The satisfaction levels of residents and teachers with the method were 8/9 and 9/9, respectively.Conclusion
The test was well accepted by residents and teachers, and as it had a high level of reliability and construct validity, its use is recommended in medical residency programs. 相似文献12.
Background
Aseptic loosening, osteolysis, and infection are the most commonly reported reasons for revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study examined the role of implant design features (e.g. condylar box, pegs) and stems in resisting loosening, and also explored the sensitivity of the implants to a loose surgical fit due to saw blade oscillation.Methods
Finite element models of the distal femur implanted with four different implant types: cruciate retaining (CR), posterior stabilising (PS), total stabilising (TS) with short stem (12 mm × 50 mm), and a total stabilising (TS) with long stem (19 mm × 150 mm) were developed and analysed in this study. Two different fit conditions were considered: a normal fit, where the resections on the bone exactly match the internal profile of the implant, and a loose fit due to saw blade oscillation, characterised by removal of one millimetre of bone from the anterior and posterior surfaces of the distal femur. Frictional interfaces were employed at the bone–implant interfaces to allow relative motions to be recorded.Results
The results showed that interface motions increased with increasing flexion angle and loose fit. Implant design features were found to greatly influence the surface area under increased motion, while only slightly influencing the values of peak motion. Short uncemented stems behaved similarly to PS implants, while long canal filling stems exhibited the least amount of motion at the interface under any fit condition.Conclusion
In conclusion, long stemmed prostheses appeared less susceptible to surgical cut errors than short stemmed and stemless implants. 相似文献13.
J. Fürmetz J. Sass T. Ferreira J. Jalali L. Kovacs F. Mück N. Degen P.H. Thaller 《The Knee》2019,26(1):185-193
Introduction
Three-dimensional (3D) surgical planning and patient-specific implants are becoming increasingly popular in orthopedics and trauma surgery. In contrast to the established and standardized alignment assessment on two-dimensional (2D) long standing radiographs (LSRs) there is neither a standardized nor a validated protocol for the analysis of 3D bone models of the lower limb. This study aimed to create a prerequisite for pre-operative planning.Methods
According to 2D analysis and after meticulous research, 24 landmarks were defined on 3D bone models obtained from computed axial tomography (CT) scans for a 3D alignment assessment. Three observers with different experience levels performed the test three different times on three specimens. Intraobserver and interobserver variability of the landmarks and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the resulting axes and joint angles were evaluated.Results
Overall, the intraobserver and interobserver variability was low, with a mean deviation < 5?mm for all landmarks. The ICC of all joint angles and axis deviations was > 0.8, except for tibial torsion (ICC?=?0.69). All knee joint angles showed excellent ICC (> 0.95).Conclusions
Using the defined landmarks, a standardized 3D alignment assessment with low intraobserver and interobserver variability and high ICC values for the knee joint angles can be performed regardless of examiner's experience. The described method serves as a reliable standardized protocol for a 3D malalignment test of the lower limb. Three-dimensional pre-operative analysis might enhance understanding of deformities and lead to a new focus in surgical planning. 相似文献14.
Background
This work aimed to evaluate the changes in the femoral posterior condylar offset (PCO) and tibial slope after posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-substituting total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to address the presence of any interactive effect between the two on knee flexion.Methods
Fifty-two PCL-substituting TKAs were performed using a posterior referencing system. Three-dimensional reconstructed computed tomographic (CT) images were used to evaluate PCO and tibial slope before and after arthroplasty. Range of motion and clinical scores were evaluated at a mean of 3.1 years postoperatively. Multivariate linear model with interaction terms was used to evaluate and compare the relationships among changes in PCO, tibial slope, and postoperative knee flexion angles.Results
The degree of change in PCO was greater in the lateral condyle than in the medial condyle (3.1 ± 2.5 mm and ? 0.5 ± 2.8 mm, respectively). Postoperative medial and lateral tibial slopes were 1.4° ± 1.8 and 1.4° ± 2.0, respectively. The mean degree of postoperative knee flexion was 125°. Analysis with interaction terms and covariate adjustment demonstrated that medial PCO and tibial slope were significantly related to knee flexion with interactive effect (P = 0.011). In cases with < 3° posterior tibial slope, the postoperative PCO was positively correlated to the degree of knee flexion angle. However, in cases with > 3° tibial slope, PCO was negatively correlated to knee flexion.Conclusion
Medial femoral PCO and tibial slope showed interactive effect on knee flexion after PCL-substituting TKAs. Reconstitution of the proper PCO and avoiding excessive tibial slope may be necessary. 相似文献15.
Federico Ferrando-Castagnetto Enrique Macri Alejandro Silva Darío Padula Gastón Garcés 《Educación Médica》2019
Introduction
Although an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) format has been applied in Uruguay since 2004, and providing reliable performance measures, perceptions of it properties and level of student satisfaction have not been determined.Objective
To evaluate the face validity of OSCE format as a contribution to its local feasibility study.Material and methods
At the end of the introductory clinical course, the sub-cohort enrolled at the University Hospital responded to a 28-item questionnaire aimed at exploring perceptions about the properties of the OSCE about the potential factors ‘design’ and ‘apparent validity’. After analysing the reliability of the original questionnaire, the questionnaire was refined in an attempt to provide a shorter and more reliable tool.Results
The original questionnaire showed good internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.70), with a dominance of ‘agreement/total agreement’ opinions on authenticity of the stimuli, dynamic, relevance, and equity of the test. Students perceived organisational obstacles during the test, expressing disagreement to include some stations only aimed at assessing communication skills, and requiring personalised feedback sessions. The refined version of the questionnaire provides consistent measures on student perceptions and is a useful tool that can be widely applied. A discussion is presented on the contributions of this experience to a comprehensive feasibility study of the new format during curriculum transition.Conclusions
The OSCE is well evaluated by students at the end of the propaedeutic course, supporting its validity. Educational potentials of the new format should be exploited, providing effective feedback to students, clinical teachers, and institutions. 相似文献16.
N.D. Clement L.C. Walker K. Merrie M. Bardgett D. Weir J. Holland D.J. Deehan 《The Knee》2019,26(1):258-266
Background
The primary aim of this study was to assess whether patients dissatisfied with both recreational activities and overall outcome were different to those dissatisfied with recreational activities but satisfied with their overall outcome one year after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods
A retrospective cohort consisting of 3324 primary TKA were identified from an established arthroplasty database. Patient demographics, comorbidities, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and Short Form (SF) 12 scores were collected pre-operatively and one year post-operatively. Overall patient satisfaction and satisfaction with recreational activities were assessed at one year.Results
The rate of patient satisfaction with recreational activities (n?=?2672, 80.4%) was significantly (odds ratio (OR) 0.47, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.41 to 0.54, p?<?0.001) lower than satisfaction with the overall outcome (n?=?2982, 89.7%). When adjusting for confounding variables older age (OR 1.03, p?=?0.008), increasing BMI (OR 1.05, p?=?0.01) and absence of hypertension (OR 0.66, p?=?0.02) were independent predictors of being dissatisfied with recreational activities in isolation. The one-year components and total WOMAC scores were significant (p?<?0.001) predictors of satisfaction with recreational activities and were reliable with an area under the curve of ≥ 0.82Conclusion
Patients of older age, higher BMI and without hypertension are more likely to be dissatisfied with recreational activities despite being satisfied with their overall outcome. 相似文献17.
18.
Tiana Raoul Shahnaz Klouche Baptiste Guerrier Badr El-Hariri Serge Herman Antoine Gerometta Nicolas Lefevre Yoann Bohu 《The Knee》2019,26(1):155-164
Background
The decision to return to sport following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction should not only be based on time since surgery. This study aimed to assess, using isokinetic and neuromuscular (hops) testing in a large group, postoperative objective functional recovery of the knee. The secondary objective was to determine the relationship between psychological, functional scores, and these postoperative tests.Methods
This prospective study included athletes who underwent surgery between 2013 and 2016 for an isolated full-thickness ACL tear. They received a complete evaluation of functional performance of the knee by isokinetic tests performed on a dynamometer to measure quadriceps and hamstring strength, and neuromuscular assessment based on single-leg hop tests. The main judgment criterion was satisfactory functional recovery (yes/no) defined as a difference of ≤ 10% both in the quadriceps 60°/s and the single hop at a minimum of four months of follow-up.Results
A total of 234 athletes were analyzed. The mean age was 28.4?±?8.6?years. At 6.5?±?1.7?months mean follow-up, 44 (18.5%) patients had satisfactory functional recovery of the knee. The correlations between isokinetic/hop tests and the different scores were variable. During follow-up, two patients presented with a graft tear and two with a contralateral ACL tear, all in the group with unsatisfactory functional recovery.Conclusion
At a mean of six months after ACL reconstruction, objective functional recovery of the knee was generally unsatisfactory and this seemed to be a risk factor for recurrent tears.Level of evidence
IV; case series. 相似文献19.
Objective
The emerging microbial drug resistance has limited the choices of treatments for infectious diseases. Application of drugs conjugated with nanoparticles is among the strategies to subside the chance of acquiring resistance and increase the potency of current antibiotics. This study was conducted to produce gold nanoparticles (GNPs) by Fusarium oxysporum to evaluate the antibacterial activity of GNPs conjugated with tetracycline under different conditions.Material and Methods
GNPs were synthesized using the culture supernatants of F. oxysporum treated with a chloroauric acid solution. Production of GNPs and their conjugation with tetracycline was confirmed by noticing the change in color, spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra. The antibacterial activity of the conjugated GNPs was then assessed.Results
The formation of GNPs was confirmed by appearance of purple color and an absorption peak at 530 nm The produced GNPs were found to be spherical and hexagonal. FTIR confirmed the binding of functional groups of tetracycline to the GNPs surface. The minimum inhibitory concentration of conjugated GNPs demonstrated a much greater antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram -negative bacteria as compared to tetracycline and free GNPs.Conclusions
Biosynthesis of GNPs by F. oxysporum has advantages including fast growth rate, inexpensive biomass handling, safety and easy processing. Conjugation of tetracycline with GNPs enhances antibacterial activity, which may have significant therapeutic applications. 相似文献20.
Chin Tat Lim Stuart B. Goodman James I. Huddleston Alex H.S. Harris Subhrojyoti Bhowmick William J. Maloney Derek F. Amanatullah 《The Knee》2017,24(5):1182-1186