青岛市市区居民的两周患病率及就诊状况分析

①目的了解青岛市市区居民的两周患病率及就诊状况。②方法采取整群随机抽样法，对青岛市市区15个居委会的3057人进行问卷调查。③结果市区居民的两周患病率为108．28‰(男性：103．27‰，女性：113．48‰)，每千人两周因病休工的天数为183d，每千人卧床天数为135d．两周患病率与居民年龄、文化水平、职业及医疗保健方式等因素有关。居民两周就诊率为73．60‰，未就诊者占患病人数的30．24％，④结论青岛市市区居民的医疗需求量较高，门诊利用率较低，应改革医疗保健制度，以方便居民就诊。     

青岛市市区居民的两周患病率及就诊状况分析

目的：了解青岛市市区居民的两周患病率及就诊状况。方法：采取整群随机抽样法，对青岛市市区15个居委会的3057人进行问卷调查。结果：市区居民的两周患病率为108．28‰（男性：103．27‰，女性：113．48‰），每千人两周回病休工的天数为183d ，每千人卧床天数为135d，两周患病率与居民年龄、文化水平、职业及医疗保健方式等因素有关。居民两周就诊率为73．60‰，未就诊者占患病人数的30．24％。结论：青岛市市区居民的医疗需求量较高，门诊利用率较低，应改革医疗保健制度，以方便居民就诊。     

宁夏固原市农村居民门诊服务利用及影响因素分析

目的 了解宁夏固原市农村居民对门诊服务的需求与利用情况及影响因素。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样抽取固原市农村居民共计4725人,通过入户询问调查方式获取居民社会人口学特征、患病及就诊情况等。结果 被调查居民两周患病率为138．20‰,慢性病患病率143．92‰;人群两周就诊率为105．61‰;与两周就诊率有关的因素为性别、年龄、婚姻和是否患有慢性病等。结论 我区贫困山区农村居民的门诊服务利用率不足,应采取措施促进农村卫生服务的可持续发展。     

2004年兵团城市和农场居民两周患病情况分析

目的：本文利用兵团2004年卫生服务家庭入户调查资料,通过城市和农场居民两周患病率及疾病的严重程度反映兵团居民健康水平及卫生服务需要.方法：采取多阶段分层、整群随机抽样法,对兵团4 469户,13 126人进行家庭入户健康询问调查.结果：兵团居民的两周患病率为177.6‰,其中城市为191.4‰,农场为172.2‰,城市和农场两周患病率比较,x2=3.831,P=0.147,差异无统计学意义.城市居民系统别两周患病率前五位依次为呼吸系统疾病（59.2‰）、循环系统疾病（47.5‰）、消化系统疾病（22.0‰）、肌肉骨骼结缔组织疾病（17.9‰）和内分泌 代谢免疫系统疾病（10.3‰）;农场居民前五位依次为呼吸系统疾病（44.7‰）、消化系统疾病（30.6‰）、肌肉骨骼结缔组织疾病（29.8‰）、循环系统疾病（24.4‰）和泌尿生殖系统疾病（5.6‰）.城市居民疾病别两周患病率前五位依次为急性鼻咽炎（36.6‰）、高血压（25.5‰）、流行性感冒（9.8‰）、急慢性胃肠炎（9.0‰）、糖尿病（8.1‰）.农场居民前五位依次为急性鼻咽炎（21.7‰）、急慢性胃肠炎（12.1‰）、高血压（12.0‰）、类风湿性关节炎（10.7‰）、流行性感冒（9.7‰）.兵团居民两周内每千人患病天数为1 436天,因病休工天数为237天,卧床天数为173天.结论：兵团居民两周患病率以及疾病严重程度的增加,疾病谱发生改变,这种变化趋势应引起兵团卫生管理部门高度重视.     

青岛市农村居民医疗费用及影响因素分析

①目的 调查青岛市农村居民的医疗费用及其影响因素。②方法 采用整群抽样与随机抽样相结合的方法，对7个自然村的3700名18岁以上居民进行了问卷调查。③结果 青岛市农村居民门诊次均就诊费用中位数是24．39元，患有慢性病的居民、有残障的居民次均就诊费用较高，文盲、半文盲组居民的次均就诊费用低于其他组。居民因病住院的直接费用中位数：乡镇卫生院653元、县级医院2075元、市级医院3476元。居民住院费用的主要影响因素为是否患慢性病及有无残障等。④结论 青岛市农村居民医疗费用支出基本合理，居民医疗费用受多种因素影响。     

彭阳县农村常住居民两周患病率及其影响因素分析

目的 分析彭阳县农村常住居民两周患病率,探讨其影响因素.方法 采用分层随机抽样对彭阳县10个乡镇的660户,2943名农村居民进行问卷调查,内容包括居民人口学特征、两周患病及就诊和家庭收支等情况.结果 居民两周患病率为118.25‰,按疾病系统分类,排在前5位的依次是:呼吸系统疾病占48.28％,肌肉骨骼等疾病占16.09％,消化系统疾病占12.07％,循环系统疾病占7.18％,泌尿生殖系统疾病4.31％.两周患病率单因素分析显示,男性高于女性,年龄越大、文化程度越低两周患病率越高,职业中农民两周患病率最高,婚姻状况中其他(离异、丧偶等)两周患病率高,慢病人群较无慢病人群两周患病率高.多因素分析结果中年龄组、是否为慢病、文化和职业进入方程.结论 彭阳县农村居民卫生服务需求高,主要危险因素为年龄高、慢病患者、文化程度低和职业为务农、村医、务工、学生及无业.     

宁夏彭阳县2015年农村居民两周患病情况及影响因素调查

目的对宁夏彭阳县农村居民两周患病及其就诊情况进行分析,为卫生资源的合理配置提供参考依据。方法按照分层整群抽样方法,在彭阳县10个乡镇中,每个乡镇随机抽取3~5个村,每个行政村随机抽取20户居民,以户为单位进行调查,调查抽中户中所有家庭成员两周患病及就诊情况。结果彭阳县农村居民两周患病率为11.60%,单因素分析显示,女性两周患病率高于男性(P<0.01);随着年龄的增加,两周患病率呈现增涨的趋势(P<0.01);离婚、丧偶者两周患病率明显高于未婚者和已婚者(P<0.01);低文化程度者的两周患病率较高(P<0.01),患有慢性病者两周患病率较高(P<0.01)。多因素分析结果显示婚姻状况、是否患慢病等为两周患病率的主要影响因素。两周患病人群在医疗机构就诊率为45.76%,未进行任何治疗的占16.95%。结论需要更加注重女性、老年人、低文化程度者、离婚丧偶居民及慢性病患者等特殊人群的医疗保健工作。同时加强健康教育,促进农村居民积极就医,改善农村居民健康。     

农村居民卫生服务需要、利用现状及影响因素分析

目的：了解和评价农村居民卫生服务需要、利用的现状以及有关影响因素。方法：对广西北流市民乐镇居民进行卫生服务家庭健康询问调查。结果：被调查居民的两周患病率为23．37％；疾病构成前3位分别是呼吸系统疾病(8.77％)、肌肉骨骼系统疾病(1．83％)、消化系统疾病(1．16％)；两周就诊率为16．84％；两周患者就诊率为72.06％；年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度和最近诊所距离即卫生服务的可及性等是影响当地居民患病和就诊的重要因素。结论：当地农村卫生服务尚不能满足居民的卫生服务需求，应该大力加强和不断完善。     

珠海市城乡居民卫生服务需求与利用比较分析

目的了解珠海市城乡居民健康状况以及卫生服务需求、利用现状,为珠海市合理配置卫生资源,构建和谐卫生服务提供政策依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,从珠海市斗门区和香洲区共抽取1000户(其中城区、农村各500户),共计城乡居民3609人,其中城区居民1669人,农村居民1940人。结果珠海市城区居民两周患病率128.2‰、两周就诊率为72.5‰,农村居民两周患病率196.4‰、两周就诊率为114.4‰;年住院率,城区为4.0%,农村为3.8%;城区居民应住院而未住院率为11.8%,农村居民为30.8%。结论珠海城乡居民对医疗卫生服务的需求较高,但有效需求没有得到合理的满足,发生了抑制、转移和替代,政府需要采取积极社会卫生政策来满足居民健康需求,推进卫生事业和谐发展。     

湖北省城乡居民卫生服务需求与利用调查

目的：了解湖北省城乡居民的卫生服务需要、需求和利用情况,为深化湖北省医药卫生体制改革提供相应参考依据。方法：对湖北省第四次卫生服务调查的家庭健康询问数据中的有关城乡居民卫生服务需要、需求和利用的数据进描述性统计分析。结果：调查人群的两周患病率为118.0‰;两周就诊率为120.5‰;两周未就诊率为438.0‰;慢性病患病率为122.3‰;居民住院率为72.1‰。结论：湖北省城乡居民的卫生服务需求和利用明显增加,就诊流向有明显改善,与此同时,城乡居民两周患病率和慢性病患病率有明显增高,加强慢性病防治工作是当前一项重要工作。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.