帕金森病病人睡眠障碍发生率及相关影响因素分析

目的探讨帕金森病(PD)病人睡眠障碍(SD)发生率及相关影响因素。方法选取93例PD病人,根据匹茨堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表评分分为SD组和非睡眠障碍(NSD)组,记录所有病人人口统计学资料,采用PSQI量表评价睡眠情况,同时使用帕金森病评定量表(UPDRS)、H-Y分级量表、简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)、帕金森病非运动症状评价量表(NMSS)、日间思睡量表(ESS)、疲劳严重量表(FSS)、贝克抑郁自评量表(BDI)、帕金森生活质量问卷(PDQ-39)量表评价运动及非运动症状。结果 PD病人SD发生率为67.74%;SD主要临床表现为实际睡眠时间的减少、入睡时间的延长、睡眠质量差。Logistic回归分析结果显示,病程越长及H-Y分数量表、UPDRS、PDQ-39、NMSS、ESS、FSS评分越高提示睡眠质量越差。结论 SD在PD病人中较常见,主要临床表现为实际睡眠时间减少、入睡时间延长、睡眠质量差,PD严重程度可能影响病人睡眠质量。     

帕金森病睡眠障碍与非运动症状的相关性研究

目的探讨帕金森病(PD)患者睡眠障碍与非运动症状的相关性。方法 535例PD患者先用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评测,并分为睡眠障碍组249例和非睡眠障碍组286例。分别用一般情况调查表、统一帕金森病评定量表(UPDRS)、Hoehn-Yahr分级、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HMDS)、疲劳严重度量表和简易智能状态检查量表(MMSE)等对患者进行评分。结果睡眠障碍组较非睡眠障碍组更易出现便秘(67.5%vs 48.3%)、疲劳(79.1%vs 44.4%)、嗅觉减退(35.7%vs 23.8%)、排尿障碍(50.6%vs 11.5%)、头晕(45.4%vs 26.9%)等症状(P<0.01);睡眠障碍组各量表评分高于非睡眠障碍组[HMDS评分(16.96±10.57)分vs(9.77±7.55)分、UPDRS-Ⅰ(2.59±2.05)分vs(1.56±1.47)分、UPDRS-Ⅱ(11.27±5.81)分vs(8.63±4.51)分、UPDRS-Ⅲ(23.30±12.87)分vs(19.02±11.37)分、UPDRS总分(42.35±20.80)分vs(32.83±17.33)分,P<0.01]。2组患者Hoehn-Yahr分级、MMSE评分比较无显著差异,且其他非运动症状比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。多元logistic回归分析显示,便秘、疲劳、抑郁、排尿障碍、头晕、UPDRS-Ⅲ是PD患者伴发睡眠障碍的危险因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论睡眠障碍是PD患者常见的非运动症状,其与便秘、疲劳、抑郁、排尿障碍、头晕等非运动症状显著相关。     

帕金森病认知功能障碍的临床特征及危险因素分析

目的总结帕金森病认知障碍(PDCI)的临床特征及影响因素。方法连续纳入2017年9月～2019年5月苏北人民医院神经内科就诊的帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)患者166例,根据蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分分为认知正常组52例(MoCA评分≥26分),PDCI组114例(MoCA评分26分)。方法采用MoCA评分评估认知,PD统一评定量表(UPDRS)、Hoehn Yahr(H-Y)分期、非运动症状问卷(NMSQ)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HDRS)、疲劳严重程度量表(FSS)、自主神经量表(SCOPA-AUT)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评估运动及非运动症状。结果入选者中,PDCI发生率为68.7%。PDCI组年龄、病程、步态慌张、冻结、翻身困难、便秘、体位性低血压、农药接触史、左旋多巴等效剂量明显高于认知正常组,男性和受教育年限明显低于认知正常组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。PDCI组UPDRS总分、UPDRSⅡ、UPDRSⅢ、H-Y分期、FSS、HDRS、HAMA、NMSQ、SCOPA-AUT、PSQI评分明显高于认知正常组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=1.105,95%CI:1.008～1.213,P=0.033)、病程(OR=1.454,95%CI:1.163～1.819,P=0.001)、受教育年限(OR=0.627,95%CI:0.524～0.749,P=0.001)、FSS评分(OR=1.921,95%CI:1.113～3.313,P=0.019)、SCOPA-AUT评分(OR=1.117,95%CI:1.002～1.246,P=0.047)与PDCI独立相关。结论年龄较大、病程较长、疲劳及自主神经功能障碍较严重的PD患者发生认知功能障碍的风险更高。     

康复治疗对老年脑梗死急性期睡眠障碍患者动态血压的影响

目的探讨康复治疗对老年脑梗死急性期睡眠障碍患者动态血压的影响。方法选择265例老年脑梗死急性期患者进行匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评分,将其分为睡眠障碍组(PSQI评分>7分)167例和非睡眠障碍组(PSQI评分≤7分)98例,同时给予2组患者康复治疗,观察2组患者治疗前、后动态血压参数变化的情况及睡眠障碍组患者经康复治疗后PSQI评分的变化。结果睡眠障碍组患者康复治疗后,睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、昼间功能与康复前比较有显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2组患者康复治疗2周后,睡眠障碍组患者的24 h平均收缩压和舒张压、昼间平均舒张压、夜间平均收缩压和舒张压、24 h脉压、晨起收缩压和舒张压下降幅度与非睡眠障碍组患者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而2组患者昼间平均收缩压、昼间收缩压和舒张压变异、夜间收缩压和舒张压变异比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论康复治疗对改善患者睡眠质量,恢复老年脑梗死患者正常的血压昼夜节律具有重要意义。     

帕金森病抑郁与非运动症状相关性对照研究

目的探讨帕金森病(PD)患者抑郁与非运动症状的相关性。方法对北京天坛医院神经内科门诊2008年4月至2009年8月139例PD患者首先应用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HMDS)进行评测并分为抑郁组和非抑郁组。分别用一般情况调查表、统一帕金森病评定量表(UPDRS)、Hohen-Yahr分级、疲劳量表和简易精神状态量表(MMSE)等对两组患者进行评测比较。并进一步利用Logistic回归分析筛选出帕金森病患者合并抑郁的危险因素。结果 139例PD患者中有74例出现抑郁症状,占53.2%。抑郁组患者较非抑郁组更易出现睡眠障碍(50%对15.4%)、疲劳症状(68.9%对30.8%);抑郁组患者Hoehn-Yahr分期(2.1±0.8)及UPDRSⅠ(3.01±1.49)、UPDRSⅡ(11.89±5.89)、UPDRSⅢ(25.5±13.9)评分高于非抑郁组相应评分(1.8±0.7,1.32±1.00,8.83±3.62,17.5±9.6),其差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者在性别、发病年龄、病程、MMSE评分等方面差异无统计学意义,且抑郁组患者在便秘、皮脂溢、流涎、嗅觉减退、幻觉等非运动症状方面与非抑郁组患者差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析提示睡眠障碍、疲劳、UPDRSⅠ与UPDRSⅢ评分是PD患者伴发抑郁的危险因素(P0.05)。结论抑郁是PD常见非运动症状,与睡眠障碍、疲劳等非运动症状显著相关。     

脑卒中后疲劳与缺血性脑卒中患者血清白介素1β、C反应蛋白、同型半胱氨酸水平及预后的相关性研究

背景目前有关细胞因子与脑卒中后疲劳相关性的研究报道较多,但尚无定论;脑卒中后疲劳对脑卒中患者运动能力及生活质量有一定影响,但其对长期预后的影响研究较少。目的探讨脑卒中后疲劳与缺血性脑卒中患者血清白介素1β(IL-1β)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平及预后的相关性。方法选取2013—2015年邯郸市第一医院收治的缺血性脑卒中患者100例,常规治疗2周后,根据疲劳严重度量表(FSS)评分将所有患者分为疲劳组(FSS评分≥4分,n=38)和非疲劳组(FSS评分<4分,n=62)。比较两组患者入院时实验室检查指标,FSS评分与缺血性脑卒中患者血清IL-1β、CRP、Hcy水平的相关性分析采用Pearson相关性分析;随访1年,采用改良Rankin量表(mRS)、工具性日常生活活动能力量表(IADL)评估两组患者长期预后。结果疲劳组患者空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白及血清IL-1β、CRP、Hcy水平高于非疲劳组(P<0.05);两组患者高密度脂蛋白比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,FSS评分与缺血性脑卒中患者血清IL-1β(r=0.524)、CRP(r=0.328)、Hcy(r=0.412)水平呈正相关(P<0.05)。随访1年,疲劳组患者mRS评分和IADL评分高于非疲劳组(P<0.05)。结论脑卒中后疲劳可能与缺血性脑卒中患者血清IL-1β、CRP、Hcy水平升高有关,且脑卒中后疲劳会对缺血性脑卒中患者长期预后产生不利影响。     

干燥综合征睡眠质量及其相关因素

目的调查原发性干燥综合征患者睡眠质量及影响睡眠质量的相关因素,为改善干燥综合征患者睡眠质量提供依据。方法采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)、医院焦虑抑郁量表(hospital anxiety and depression scale,HADS)、疲劳严重度量表(ftigue severity scale,FSS)、欧洲干燥综合征疾病活动指数(EULAR Sj?gren’s syndrome disease activity index,ESSDAI)、欧洲干燥综合征患者报告指数(EULAR Sj?gren’s syndrome patient reported index,ESSPRI)及自制一般情况调查表对门诊的68例原发性干燥综合征患者进行问卷调查,分析睡眠障碍与人口学、临床资料、实验室检查、疾病活动性的相关性。结果患者PSQI总分(7.7±3.6)分,明显高于健康人群(3.9±2.5);不同性别患者睡眠障碍的检出率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。伴睡眠障碍组在年龄、HADS、FSS、ESSPRI、ESSDAI、IL-6、IgG、血沉方面与不伴睡眠障碍组差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。睡眠障碍与年龄、HADS、FSS、ESSPRI、IL-6水平均呈正相关(r=0.521、0.756、0.503、0.294、0.915,P0.05),与ESSDAI、血沉、IgG水平负相关(r=-0.345、-0.343、-0.429,P0.05),与CRP无明显相关性(P=0.834)。结论原发性干燥综合征的睡眠障碍明显高于健康人群,相关的因素有年龄、焦虑抑郁状态、疲劳、高IL-6水平、高ESSPRI等。与系统损害的程度呈负相关,提示较高的针对原发病的治疗强度可能改善患者的睡眠情况。     

帕金森病血浆神经退行性蛋白与非运动症状的关系

目的探讨血浆神经退行性蛋白与帕金森病(PD)非运动症状的关系。方法连续收集就诊于江苏省人民医院(南京医科大学第一附属医院)神经内科门诊的PD患者84例为PD组,同期招募年龄相匹配的健康体检者54例为HC组。PD组患者用系列临床量表评估非运动症状严重程度,采用ELISA法测定血浆tau、磷酸化tau181(p-tau181)、β淀粉样蛋白42(Aβ-42)和α-突触核蛋白(α-syn)水平,采用Spearman's相关性分析和二元logistic回归分析。结果PD组疲劳严重程度量表(fatigue severity scale,FSS)评分较HC组明显升高[(3.22±1.68)分vs(1.89±1.16)分,P=0.000]。PD组血浆α-syn水平较HC组明显升高[(320.00±64.91)ng/L vs (277.78±52.75)ng/L,P=0.000],Aβ-42水平较HC组明显降低[(267.61±77.75)ng/L vs (321.80±49.41)ng/L,P=0.001]。2组tau和p-tau181水平比较,无显著差异(P0.05)。PD组血浆α-syn水平与FSS评分呈正相关(r=0.237,P=0.030),且血浆α-syn水平是FSS评分的影响因素(OR=1.019,95%CI:1.006～1.032,P=0.004)。结论血浆神经退行性蛋白与PD非运动症状相关。血浆α-syn可能是PD疲劳的一种外周生物标志物。     

青光眼小梁切除术后早期滤过泡功能不良行滤过泡剥离治疗患者的焦虑、抑郁及睡眠障碍状况

目的 探讨青光眼小梁切除术后早期滤过泡功能不良行滤过泡剥离治疗患者的焦虑、抑郁及睡眠障碍状况。方法 选取行青光眼复合式小梁切除术后6个月复查恢复正常患者（A组）、早期滤过泡功能不良行滤过泡剥离治疗患者（B组）及查体健康成年人（C组）各30例,采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）进行焦虑、抑郁及睡眠障碍评分,比较三组SAS、SDS、PSQI评分以及焦虑、抑郁及睡眠障碍阳性率差异,采用Spearman相关分析早期滤过泡功能不良行滤过泡剥离治疗患者SAS、SDS、PSQI评分的相关性。结果三组性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况比较差异无统计学意义（P均>0.05）,组间均衡可比。三组SAS、SDS、PSQI评分差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。B组与C组比较,SAS、SDS、PSQI评分差异有统计学意义（P均<0.05）;A组与C组比较,PSQI评分差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。分别以SAS评分≥45分、SDS评分≥50分、PSQI评分>7分作为焦虑、抑郁和睡眠障碍阳性判定标准。三组抑郁和睡眠障碍阳性率比较差异...     

耳穴贴压法干预维持性血液透析患者睡眠障碍的疗效

目的探讨耳穴贴压法对血液透析患者睡眠障碍的临床疗效。方法选择维持性血液透析合并睡眠障碍的患者,分为耳穴干预组和对照组,两组均给予常规治疗、充分透析、睡眠卫生教育,耳穴干预组进行耳穴贴压治疗。选取耳部神门、心、交感、内分泌、皮质下五个穴位,治疗1个月后统计疗效,应用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表作为评定睡眠的量化指标。结果耳穴干预组患者PSQI总分、睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍等成分评分与干预前比较差异显著(均P<0.05);对照组患者治疗前后PSQI评分无差异(P>0.05);耳穴干预组和对照组干预疗效比较,PSQI总分及睡眠质量、睡眠时间、睡眠效率等成分差异显著(P<0.05)。耳穴干预组干预前后催眠药物的评分虽无显著差异,但22例服用催眠药的患者在耳穴干预后服药剂量明显减少(P<0.05)。结论耳穴贴压对血液透析患者睡眠障碍的疗效较好,值得深入研究并推广。     

冠心病患者冠状动脉旁路移植术后疲劳现状、影响因素及路径分析

背景近年来冠心病发病率不断升高,冠状动脉旁路移植术是临床治疗冠心病的有效手段之一,但患者术后疲劳状况逐渐引起重视。目的探讨冠心病患者冠状动脉旁路移植术后疲劳现状及其影响因素,并进行路径分析。方法选取唐山工人医院、开滦总医院2019年8月—2020年5月收治的行冠状动脉旁路移植术的冠心病患者324例,记录患者术前、术后3 d、术后7 d及出院当天疲劳视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)、简式简明心境问卷(POMS-SF)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表、疼痛评分。采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨冠心病患者术后3 d疲劳程度的影响因素;采用Pearson相关分析及路径分析探讨冠心病患者冠状动脉旁路移植术不同时间节点VAS评分、POMS-SF评分、PSQI量表评分、疼痛评分之间的关系。结果(1)冠心病患者术前疲劳VAS评分为(2.5±1.5)分,术后3 d为(7.9±1.1)分,术后7 d为(5.8±1.1)分,出院当天为(3.4±1.1)分。患者术前、术后3 d、术后7 d、出院当天疲劳程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。(2)将术后3 d轻度疲劳患者分为轻度组(n=2),中度疲劳患者分为中度组(n=109),重度疲劳患者分为重度组(n=213)。三组患者性别、年龄、文化程度、术后并发症发生率及POMS-SF评分、PSQI量表评分、疼痛评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄[OR=0.297,95%CI(0.166,0.531)]、文化程度[小学以下:OR=34.226,95%CI(3.428,341.737);小学:OR=35.339,95%CI(4.567,273.483);初中:OR=13.280,95%CI(1.530,115.455)]、术后并发症[OR=2.719,95%CI(1.380,5.356)]、POMS-SF评分[OR=1.101,95%CI(1.052,1.152)]、疼痛评分[OR=1.528,95%CI(1.194,1.956)]是冠心病患者术后3 d疲劳程度的影响因素(P<0.05)。(3)Pearson相关分析结果显示,冠心病患者术前疲劳VAS评分与术前PSQI量表评分、疼痛评分均呈正相关(P<0.05);术后3 d、术后7 d及出院当天疲劳VAS评分均分别与术后3 d、术后7 d及出院当天的POMS-SF评分、PSQI量表评分、疼痛评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。(4)结构方程模型拟合结果显示,df/χ2=3.82,RMSEA=0.040,NFI=0.940,RFI=0.092,TLI=0.910,IFI=0.950,表示该模型拟合程度较好。冠心病患者冠状动脉旁路移植术前疼痛评分、PSQI量表评分对其疲劳程度有直接影响(P<0.05);患者术后3 d疼痛评分、PSQI量表评分、POMS-SF评分对其疲劳程度有直接影响(P<0.05);患者术后7 d POMS-SF评分对其疲劳程度有直接影响(P<0.05);患者出院当天疼痛评分、PSQI量表评分对其疲劳程度有间接影响(P<0.05)。结论冠心病患者冠状动脉旁路移植术后3 d疲劳程度最严重,且年龄、文化程度、术后并发症、POMS-SF评分、疼痛评分是冠心病患者术后3 d疲劳程度的影响因素,疼痛、情绪、睡眠质量可通过相互作用影响其疲劳程度,临床可重点关注上述因素以缓解患者疲劳状态,改善患者预后。     

帕金森病疲劳的相关因素研究

目的探讨帕金森病（Parkinson disease,PD）患者疲劳的相关因素及其存在的可能机制。方法人组PD患者73例,采用疲劳量表（Fatigue Severity Scale,FSS）评定患者是否存在疲劳,详细记录患者的年龄、病程、用药情况,并进行UPDRS、Hoehn—Yahr分期、汉密顿抑郁量表（HMDS）、PD自主神经症状量表（thescale for outcomes in PD for autonomic symptoms,SCOPA—AUT）等评定,比较疲劳组（FSS分值／9〉4）和非疲劳组（FSS分值／9≤4）在各方面是否存在差别。结果73例参与疲劳评价的PD患者中,56例（76．7％）存在疲劳。日常生活能力、运动障碍、治疗的并发症、自主神经功能及HMDS与疲劳相关。Logistic回归分析显示,UPDRS第二部分评分及HMDS是疲劳的独立危险因素。结论疲劳是PD患者的常见非运动症状,日常生活能力、运动障碍、自主神经功能及抑郁对疲劳存在一定影响。     

Effects of MBSR therapy on negative emotions,fatigue, and sleep quality in “post-ICU patients”: A randomized controlled clinical trial protocol

Background:Survivors of intensive care unit (ICU) transfer to the common ward are often accompanied by psychological distress, negative emotions, fatigue, and sleep disturbances that affect recovery. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has achieved reliable results in improving physical and mental health. However, no clinical study has been conducted to evaluate the effects of MBSR on negative emotions, fatigue and sleep quality of patients who survived ICU and were transferred to general wards.Methods:This is a prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) examining the effects of MBSR on negative emotions, fatigue, and sleep quality in inpatients transferred from ICU to general ward. Participants were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group in a ratio of 1:1. On the basis of the same nursing plan and health education, the treatment group received MBSR therapy, while the control group received no other interventions, and all the patients were followed up for 3 months after 2 weeks of continuous treatment. The indicators included negative mood indicators [Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS)], fatigue index [Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI)], and sleep quality index [Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)]. Finally, SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data.Discussion:This study will evaluate the effects of MBSR on negative emotions, fatigue, and sleep quality in hospitalized patients transferred from ICU to general ward. The results of this study will provide a reference for MBSR to improve psychological distress in ICU survivors transferred to general ward.Trial registration:This study protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) (registration number: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/PD7SU).     

Prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome and Its Effects on Sleep and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Heart Failure

BackgroundRestless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder characterized by leg restlessness and dysesthesia. Although the relationship between RLS and heart failure (HF) has been reported, the prevalence and clinical significance of RLS in patients with HF remain to be elucidated.Methods and ResultsWe enrolled consecutive patients with HF who were admitted to our institutions. RLS was diagnosed using the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group criteria. Subjective sleepiness, sleep quality, and quality of life (QoL) were assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and 8-item Short Form (SF-8), respectively. Among the 133 patients, 18 (13.6%) had RLS and were younger than those without RLS (62.4±13.4 vs 70.0±12.2, P = .017). The RLS group had significantly disrupted sleep quality and QoL, with greater PSQI score (8.0±3.2 vs 5.9±3.3, P = .015) and lower SF-8 physical component summary (PCS) score (35.6±6.5 vs 40.7±9.5, P = .031), despite similar ESS and SF-8 mental component summary scores. In the multivariable regression analysis, RLS was associated with greater PSQI (β=0.211; P = .014) and lower PCS score (β=?0.177; P = .045).ConclusionIn the patients with HF, RLS was prevalent, and sleep quality and QoL may be disrupted by RLS.     

噻托溴铵对稳定期COPD患者血清HIF-1α及其睡眠质量的影响

目的探讨噻托溴铵对稳定期COPD患者血清缺氧诱导因子-1 (HIF-1α)及其睡眠质量的影响。 方法选取2016年12月至2017年12月期间本院呼吸内科住院部收治的60例稳定期COPD患者作为研究对象,按照随机原则将患者分为对照组和研究组,每组各30例。对照组采用常规治疗,研究组在对照组基础上采用噻托溴铵治疗。采用双抗体夹心-酶联免疫吸附试验(DAS-ELISA)测定HIF-1α水平。参照匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评定睡眠质量。 结果治疗前,两组血清HIF-1α水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,两组血清HIF-1α明显低于治疗前,P<0.05,研究组血清HIF-1α明显低于对照组,P<0.05。治疗前,两组PSQI评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,两组上述评分明显低于治疗前,P<0.05,研究组上述评分明显低于对照组,P<0.05。治疗前,两组第1 s用力呼气容积(FEV₁)、呼气峰流速值(PEF)、用力肺活量(FVC)和深吸气量(IC)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,两组上述指标明显高于治疗前,P<0.05,研究组上述指标明显高于对照组,P<0.05。 结论噻托溴铵有助于降低稳定期COPD患者血清HIF-1α水平,改善患者睡眠质量和肺功能。     

帕金森病~(99m)TC-TRODAT-1多巴胺转运体单光子计算机断层摄影脑显像研究

目的应用~(99m)Tc-TRODAT-1多巴胺转运体(DAT)单光子计算机断层摄影(SPECT)脑显像,研究不同运动障碍亚型帕金森病(Parkinson's diseas e,PD)纹状体生化改变。方法选择不同运动障碍亚型PD患者68例,其中震颤为主型PD患者36例(震颤PD组),姿势异常步态障碍(PIGD)为主型PD患者32例(PIGD PD组),分别行~(99m)Tc-TRODAT-1 DAT SPECT脑显像,利用感兴趣区技术计算首发症状对侧纹状体与小脑的特异性放射性比值。结果 PIGD PD组患者首发症状对侧纹状体、小脑较震颤PD组患者明显降低(1.43±0.92) vs (1.49±0.10),P0.05]。纹状体、小脑下降与PIGD评分呈负相关(r=-0.73,P0.05),而与震颤评分无明显相关性(r=-0.21,P0.05)。结论不同运动障碍亚型PD患者~(99m)Tc-TRODAT-1 DAT SPECT脑显像存在明显的异质性,PIGD为主型PD患者纹状体DAT的功能降低更明显,提示不同运动障碍亚型PD有不同的生化病理基础。     

The effectiveness of oropharyngeal exercises compared to inspiratory muscle training in obstructive sleep apnea: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundInspiratory muscle training (IMT) and oropharyngeal exercises (OE) have different advantages and disadvantages and a comparison of these modalities has been recommended. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of IMT and OE on important outcomes for patients with OSAS.MethodsThis was a randomized controlled clinical trial. Forty-one clinically stable OSAS patients not receiving CPAP therapy were randomly divided into three groups. Patients in the IMT group (n = 15) trained with a threshold loading device 7 days/week for 12 weeks. Patients in the OE group (n = 14) practiced exercises 5 days/week for 12 weeks. Twelve patients served as control group. Apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), respiratory muscle strength, snoring severity and frequency (Berlin Questionnaire), daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale; ESS), sleep quality (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index; PSQI), impact of sleepiness on daily life (Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire; FOSQ), and fatigue severity (Fatigue Severity Scale; FSS) were evaluated before and after the interventions.ResultsAHI and sleep efficiency did not change significantly in any of the groups. Significant decreases in snoring severity and frequency, FSS and PSQI total scores were found in the IMT and OE groups after the treatments (p < 0.05). There was a significant reduction in neck and waist circumference and significant improvement in respiratory muscle strength (MIP and MEP) in IMT group compared to control group (p < 0.05). The%MEPpred value and FOSQ total score significantly increased and ESS score reduced after the treatment in OE group compared to control group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsOur results indicate that both OE and IMT rehabilitation interventions are applicable in rehabilitation programs for OSAS patients who do not accept CPAP therapy. Our findings could lead to increase these methods’ use among rehabilitation professionals and decrease in cost of CPAP treatment in OSAS.     

Minimal clinically important difference for 7 measures of fatigue in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

OBJECTIVE: To determine the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for 7 measures of fatigue in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Study subjects completed 7 fatigue instruments [Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (MAF), Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI), Vitality scale of the MOS-SF-36, Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue, and a global Rating Scale (RS)] and then participated in a series of interviews with other study participants comparing their fatigue with one another. Each interview participant rated the difference in their fatigue levels on a 7-point transition scale. The MCID was estimated from the mean difference in fatigue scores between each pair of interview participants based on their subjective rating of fatigue contrast. The MCID was also estimated using linear regression modeling. RESULTS: Eighty patients with SLE participated. Patients reported significant levels of fatigue [mean normalized (0 = none, 100 = maximum) fatigue scores for the 7 instruments ranged from 49.8 (CFS) to 71.1 (FSS)]. The MCID of "a little more" fatigue tended to be greater than the MCID for a "little less fatigue" and differed significantly for FSS and MAF. The MCID of normalized scores estimated by linear regression ranged from 7.0 (CFS) to 14.3 (MFI). CONCLUSION: Fatigue is a common and debilitating component of SLE. Estimates of MCID will help to interpret changes observed in a fatigue score and will be critical in estimating sample size requirements for clinical trials including fatigue as an outcome.