微生态制剂治疗抗生素相关性腹泻35例的临床观察

北京协和医院在1991年11月至1993年6月间采用微生态制剂(回春生、整肠生)治疗抗生素相关性腹泻35例,其显效率分别为68％,80％,有效率为80％,100％;治疗中未发现明显副作用。回春生由丽珠医药集团有限公司生产,每胶囊含双歧杆菌活菌0.5亿,剂量每日2次,每     

氟哌酸直肠给药治疗急性菌痢201例疗效观察

氟哌酸直肠给药治疗急性菌痢２０１例疗效观察辽阳市传染病院（１１１０００）刘凤兆急性菌痢常规治疗是口服、肌注或静滴抗菌药物。我院近年来采用氟哌酸直肠给药治疗急性菌痢取得显著疗效。临床资料：２０１例全部符合急性菌痢诊断。其中男１１９例，女８２例。最大年龄...     

整肠生治疗夏秋季急性腹泻128例疗效观察

１９９８年６～１０月,我们采用整肠生治疗急性腹泻患者１２８例（治疗组）,并与用氟哌酸治疗的１４０例患者作对照（对照组）,现将结果报告如下。临床资料：本文急性腹泻患者２６８例,年龄１３～７８岁,病程６～７２小时。均符合以下条件：①有不洁食物或不良饮食史...     

氟哌酸治疗急性细菌性痢疾疗效观察

本文报道经粪便确诊的急性细菌性痢疾用氟哌酸治疗，并与同期用庆大霉素联用复方SMZ治疗者进行比较。患者53例，随机分为两组。甲组用氟哌酸治疗30例；乙组用庆大霉素联用复方SMZ治疗23例。氟哌酸治疗后烘便细菌阴转率100％；临床治愈率为96．67％。乙组患者细菌阴转率为82．61％；临床治愈率为65．22％。两组结果显示临床治愈及细菌学阴转率均有显著性差异（P＜0．01，P＜0．05）。氟哌酸副作用少，可作为治疗菌痢的选用药物。     

参麦注射液联合氨溴索治疗急性放射性肺炎48例临床观察

目的 观察参麦注射液联合氨溴索治疗急性放射性肺炎的疗效.方法 在抗生素联合激素的基础上配合滴注参麦注射液、口服氨溴索治疗急性放射性肺炎25例,并与单纯使用抗生素联合激素的23例对照观察,2周为1个疗程.结果 治疗组显效17例(68.0％),有效5例(20.0％),无效3例(12.0％),总有效率88.0％;对照组显效7例(30.4％),有效7例(30.4％),无效9例(39.1％),总有效率为60.8％.两组总有效率比较差异有显著性,P＜0.05;治疗组生活质量KPS评分明显优于对照组.结论 加用参麦注射液和氨溴索治疗急性放射性肺炎,可以提高患者生活质量,减轻放疗毒副作用.     

奥替溴铵、蒙脱石散联合整肠生治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的临床观察

[目的]观察奥替溴铵、蒙脱石散联合整肠生对腹泻型肠易激综合征患者的疗效及不良反应.[方法]分析120例腹泻型肠易激综合征患者的临床治疗效果.[结果]治疗组总有效率90％,对照组总有效率68％,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,2组患者均未发现明显不良反应.[结论]整肠生、蒙脱石散联合奥替溴铵治疗对腹泻型肠易激综合征患者疗效高,不良反应少,在临床工作中值得应用.     

生脉注射液治疗慢性肺源性心脏病顽固性心衰(附31例报告)

将131例肺源性心脏病顽固性心衰患者随机分为照组62例和观察组69例，均给予洋地黄、利尿剂及血管活性剂治疗，观察组在此基础上加用生脉注射液静滴。结果治疗组显效46例（66．67％）．有效16例（23．19％），无效7例（10．14％）．总有效率89．86％；对照组显效8例（12．90％），有效6例（9．68％）．无效48例（77．42％），总有效率22．58％，两组总有效率比较差异显著（P〈0．05）。观察组无明显副反应。认为生脉注射液静滴治疗肺心病顽固性心衰疗效肯定，且无明显毒副作用。     

川芎嗪与硝苯地平配伍治疗慢性肺心病急性发作期48例分析

目的 观察川芎嗪与硝苯地平配伍治疗慢性肺心病急性发作期的疗效。方法 48例患者在常规治疗欠满意的情况下加用川芎嗪及硝苯地平,7～14d为一疗程。结果 显效30例,有效14例,总有效率91．7％。结论 川芎嗪与硝苯地平配伍治疗慢性肺心病急性发作期病人疗效显著且安全可靠。     

大黄为主药中西医结合治疗小儿急性细菌性痢疾疗效观察

目的：观察以大黄为主药中西医结合治疗小儿急性细菌性痢疾（菌痢）的临床疗效。方法：采用随机临床观察法,用中西医结合的方法治疗小儿急性菌痢８６例,与５２例对照组疗效进行比较。结果：中西医结合组总有效率为９６．５％,疗效明显优于对照组（６９．２％）,两组比较有极显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论：以大黄为主药的中西医结合方法对小儿急性菌痢有很好的治疗作用,并可防止或减少中毒型菌痢的发生,是广大农村、基层地     

乌拉地尔与多巴酚丁胺、多巴胺、速尿合用治疗急性左心衰竭临床研究

目的 探讨乌拉地尔与多巴酚丁胺、多巴胺合用治疗急性左心衰竭的效果及安全性。方法 93例急性左心衰竭患者,随机分为A、B、C3组,每组各31例。A组为对照组,予常规治疗;B组为乌拉地尔治疗组,在同A组常规治疗的基础上加用乌拉地尔治疗;C组为联合治疗组,在同A组常规治疗的基础上,加用乌拉地尔、多巴酚丁胺、多巴胺、速尿合用治疗。结果 A组显效8例,有效13例,无效10例,总有效率67.7％;B组显效19例,有效9例,无效3例,总有效率90.3％;C组显效27例,有效3例,无效1例,总有效率96.8％。A组与B组比P<0.01,A组与C组比P<0.001。结论 乌拉地尔治疗急性左心衰竭效果显著,与多巴酚丁胺、多巴胺、速尿联合应用效果更佳、更安全,可作为急性左心衰竭的常规治疗。     

大黄为主药中西医结合治疗小儿急性细菌性痢疾疗效观察

目的观察以大黄为主药中西医结合治疗小儿急性细菌性痢疾(菌痢)的临床疗效.方法采用随机临床观察法,用中西医结合的方法治疗小儿急性菌痢86例,与52例对照组疗效进行比较.结果中西医结合组总有效率为96.5%,疗效明显优于对照组(69.2%),两组比较有极显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论以大黄为主药的中西医结合方法对小儿急性菌痢有很好的治疗作用,并可防止或减少中毒型菌痢的发生,是广大农村、基层地区比较理想的治疗方法.     

Comparison of clinical efficacy of lomefloxacin (LFLX, NY-198) and pipemidic acid (PPA) in the treatment of infectious enteritis by a double-blind method. The Japan Research Committee of Lomefloxacin Research Group Enteritis

The clinical efficacy, safety and usefulness of lomefloxacin (LFLX, NY-198), a new quinolone antimicrobial agent, were compared with those of pipemidic acid (PPA) in the treatment of infectious enteritis (bacillary dysentery, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli enteritis and Campylobacter enteritis) by a double blind method. Daily dosage of LFLX and PPA was 600 mg and 2000 mg, respectively administered orally divided into 4 doses. The duration of the treatment was 5 days. Of 290 cases studied, 100 cases were excluded and 21 cases were dropped from analysis of effectiveness and usefulness. The effectiveness and usefulness was evaluated in 169 cases (LFLX group: 83, PPA group: 86). There was no significance difference between the two groups in any background characteristics. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In 73 symptomatic patients (LFLX group: 35, PPA group: 38) on the day of the beginning of administration, the clinical effect was 91.4% in the LFLX group and 84.2% in the PPA group with no significant difference between the two groups. 2. In a total of 184 strains (LFLX group: 90, PPA group: 94), the bacteriological effects of LFLX (93.3%) was superior to that of PPA (80.9%) with significant difference (p = 0.0153). 3. In 169 evaluable patients, the global clinical effects of LFLX (92.8%) was superior to that of PPA (79.1%) with a significant difference (P = 0.0144). 4. Side effects were observed in 1 (0.7%) of the 141 patients in the LFLX group and none of the 143 patients in the PPA group. Abnormal laboratory test values were noted in 10 (7.6%) of the 132 patients treated with FLLX and 7 (5.1%) of the 136 patients treated with PPA, but they as no significant difference between the two groups. 5. In 169 evaluable patients, the clinical usefulness of LFLX (91.6%) was superior to that of PPA (76.7%) with a significant difference (P = 0.0111). From these results, LFLX is considered to be a clinically useful medicine in the treatment of infectious enteritis including bacillary dysentery.     

Clinical trial of T-3262 on acute enteritis. Japan Research Committee of T-3262, Research Group for Acute Infectious Enteritis

For the purpose of evaluation of clinical efficacy, safety and usefulness on acute infectious enteritis (bacillary dysentery, and enteritis caused by Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., enteropathogenic E. coli, and so on), T-3262, a newly developed pyridone-carboxylic acid derivative, was administered to a total of 136 patients and carriers. In addition, in vitro antibacterial activity of T-3262 was determined against the clinical isolates, and compared with those of nalidixic acid (NA), pipemidic acid (PPA), enoxacin (ENX), norfloxacin (NFLX) and ofloxacin (OFLX). The daily dose of 450 mg of T-3262 was administered orally three times after meals for 5 days, with the exception of 7 day administration against Salmonella enteritis. A total of 89 cases were evaluated; 23 with Shigella spp., 30 with Salmonella spp., 15 with Campylobacter spp., 6 with enteropathogenic E. coli, and 15 cases with the other pathogens or pathogen-negative. The efficacy on clinical symptoms judging from duration of fever, and duration of diarrhea and abnormal stool character was 100% in all the enteritis except enteropathogenic E. coli enteritis, in which it was 50% (n = 2). Concerning bacteriological response, elimination of the causative organisms from the feces was 100% in Shigella spp. (n = 19), Salmonella spp. (n = 30), and enteropathogenic E. coli (n = 6), although 64.3% in Campylobacter spp. (n = 14). As an adverse effect, epigastric discomfort was observed in one (0.8%) of 130 cases. Deteriorations in laboratory findings were seen in five (6.2%) of 81 cases, consisting of two with elevated GOT and GPT, two with elevated GPT, and one with increased eosinophils count, although they were all slight in degree. MICs of T-3262 which inhibited 90% of the isolates of Shigella spp, Salmonella spp., and Campylobacter spp., were 0.025, 0.05, and 0.78 microgram/ml, respectively. These values were lowest among the quinolone derivatives tested, except that the MIC90 against Campylobacter spp. was the same as that of ofloxacin.     

Efficacy of octreotide in the management of chronic diarrhoea in AIDS.

Patients with HIV infection were studied to assess the efficacy of octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, in the long-term management of refractory diarrhoea. Dosage of subcutaneous octreotide was increased progressively at 48 h intervals from 150 to 300, 750 and 1500 micrograms/day according to response. Twenty-nine patients, 21 with Cryptosporidium enteritis, one with Isospora belli enteritis and seven with no identifiable pathogen were selected for the study; four of these were excluded from the study because of death during the first month (two cases), abdominal pain and acute pancreatitis (one case each). Twenty-five patients were evaluable for response. Ten patients (four with Cryptosporidium enteritis, five without an identifiable pathogen and one with I. belli enteritis) achieved a complete response (40%) and nine cases (all with cryptosporidial enteritis) had a partial response (36%). Patients with higher weight and Karnofsky performance status and non-cryptosporidial enteritis had a better response to treatment. Mean durations of treatment and response were 4.2 +/- 4.2 and 4.4 +/- 4.5 months, respectively. In the absence of specific agents for cryptosporidial enteritis and HIV enteropathy, octreotide was found to be useful in the management of chronic diarrhoea in AIDS patients.     

血吸虫肠病的内镜诊断及病理特征

目的 探讨血吸虫肠病的内镜表现及病理特征,以引起对血吸虫肠病的重视,减少漏诊和误诊.方法 回顾性分析72例血吸虫肠病的大肠镜观察结果并结合病史、组织病理学检查分析血吸虫肠病的内镜诊断和组织学特征.结果 内镜下表现为急性肠炎型16例;慢性肠炎型27例;肠黏膜兼有急性和慢性炎症改变,称之为混合型肠炎,共29例.急性肠炎型的病理特征为大量嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,伴有未钙化的虫卵沉积;慢性型者则有大量淋巴细胞和浆细胞浸润,黏膜下纤维化,伴有已钙化的虫卵沉积;混合型肠炎则兼有上述2型的组织病理学表现.并发结直肠癌5例.在外院误诊为溃疡性结肠炎7例,回盲部肿瘤5例,肠结核2例.结论 血吸虫肠病可分为急性、慢性与混合型结直肠炎3型,混合型血吸虫肠病是区别于急性和慢性血吸虫肠病的又一重要类型.内镜检查加多部位多组织活检发现虫卵沉积是诊断血吸虫肠病的重要方法.     

抗胆碱药联合益血生治疗病窦综合征疗效观察

目的评估抗胆碱药并益血生对病窦综合征病人的用药及疗效.方法全部病例经EKG、DCE、阿托品试验,部分经食道心房调搏等多项检查确诊.观察组34例口服阿托品及益血生胶囊,依用药方式不同又分为A、B、C组.结果观察组显效率为35.3%,对照组为29.0%;观察组总有效率为79.5%,对照组为64.5%(P＜0.05),其中观察组中B组、C组的总有效率较高,与对照组比较有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论抗胆碱药山莨菪碱(654-2)与益血生联合治疗病窦综合征疗效确切、安全,不良反应少.     

Effect of fluoroquinolones made in China in the treatment of acute bacillary dysentery. A report of 212 cases

212 cases of acute bacillary dysentery were treated with enoxacin and norfloxacin, another 15 cases were treated by chujunsheng. The cure rate in enoxacin group was 99.1%, in norfloxacin group 98.04% and in chujunsheng group 63.64%. The isolated pathogens were tested for susceptibility with disk diffusion and MIC determination. The results showed that both enoxacin and norfloxacin are better than gentamycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Side effects of enoxacin group and norfloxacin were noted in are 2.7% and 3.0% of the patients respectively. This study suggests that enoxacin and norfloxacin are highly effective, quite convenient for use and have few adverse reactions. They are considered to be drugs of choice for the treatment of acute bacillary dysentery.     

金荞麦片联合左氧氟沙星治疗急性细菌性痢疾疗效观察

目的 探讨金荞麦片联合左氧氟沙星治疗急性细菌性痢疾(菌痢)的临床疗效.方法 102例急性菌痢随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组给予金荞麦片联合左氧氟沙星治疗,对照组只给予左氧氟沙星治疗.结果 ①试验组发热、腹泻等症状改善优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).②试验组和对照组总有效率分别为96％和82％,差异有统计学...     

Clinical effect and laboratory observation of ofloxacin in the treatment of typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery and gonorrhea]

Ofloxacin was used in the treatment of 20 cases of typhoid fever, 32 cases of bacillary dysentery and 50 cases of gonococcal infection. Altogether 102 cases were treated, 53 being male and 49 female. The daily dosage was 400 mg to 600 mg, divided into two times. The result showed that the clinical effective rate for typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery and gonococcal infections was 100%, 97% and 94% respectively, while the bacterial eradication rate was 100%, 100% and 94% respectively. the bacterial eradication rate was 100%, 97% and 94% respectively. The side effects were mild in degree. The authors are of the opinion that since ofloxacin can be administered orally with only two times a day, its absorption is nearly complete and the cure rate is high, it should be considered as the drug of choice in the treatment of typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery and gonorrhea, especially in the drug resistant cases. It is suggested that this drug be used more widely.     

小儿急性细菌性痢疾的病原菌分布特征及耐药性分析

目的探究小儿急性细菌性痢疾的病原菌分布特征并对其耐药情况进行分析,为小儿急性细菌性痢疾的治疗提供参考依据。方法选取2016年1月—2019年7月亳州市人民医院确诊为小儿急性细菌性痢疾的80例患儿作为研究对象,对其临床资料如体温、腹泻次数、粪便状态等及实验检查如粪便病原菌培养和药物敏感试验结果进行统计分析。结果小儿急性细菌性痢疾病原菌以福氏志贺菌(S.flexneri)检出率最高、宋内氏志贺菌(S.sonnei)其次、鲍氏志贺菌(S.boydii)最低;3群志贺菌同时耐药的抗生素有11种,耐药率较高的抗生素有氨苄西林、氨苄西林舒巴坦、环丙沙星、庆大霉素;敏感率较高的有厄他培南、亚胺培南、哌拉西林他唑巴坦、头孢他啶;3群志贺菌对哌拉西林他唑巴坦敏感率均为100%;各群志贺菌耐药情况在各年度大致相同,氨苄西林舒巴坦、庆大霉素与妥布霉素耐药例数逐年递增,S.sonnei和S.boydii耐药抗生素相对S.flexneri较少。结论小儿急性细菌性痢疾病原菌耐药情况不容乐观,要加强对小儿急性细菌性痢疾的病原菌培养及耐药监测,合理使用抗生素,控制病原菌耐药演变与流行。