活动期炎症性肠病患者血清内脂素水平及其临床意义

背景:近年炎症性肠病(IBD)的发病率呈逐年增长趋势,但其发病机制目前仍不明确。既往研究发现一些脂肪因子在肠道炎症调节中起关键作用。目的:探讨脂肪细胞因子内脂素(visfatin)在IBD中的作用及其临床意义。方法:收集2015年5月—2015年12月苏州大学附属第一医院和苏州市立医院91例活动期IBD患者,包括61例克罗恩病(CD)和30例溃疡性结肠炎(UC),以ELISA法检测血清内脂素水平。48名健康体检者作为对照组。分析血清内脂素水平与IBD患者临床特征的关系,以ROC曲线评估血清内脂素水平对IBD的诊断效能。结果:活动期CD和UC患者的血清内脂素水平显著高于对照组[(385.24±112.64)pg/mL和(378.91±118.57)pg/mL对(321.11±96.27)pg/mL,P均0.05]。血清内脂素水平与UC患者的疾病活动性Mayo评分呈显著正相关(r=0.398,P0.05),与CD患者的疾病活动性以及IBD患者的临床常用炎性指标CRP、ESR和病变部位均无关(P均0.05)。血清内脂素水平诊断CD和UC的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.654和0.622,诊断准确性较低。结论:血清内脂素水平可能与IBD炎症活动有一定关联,并可能成为活动期UC的临床指标。     

单核样髓源性抑制细胞在炎症性肠病中的表达及其临床意义

背景：近年来炎症性肠病（IBD）发病率呈上升趋势,其病理生理学机制复杂且仍未明确。目的：研究单核样髓源性抑制细胞（MDSCs）在IBD患者外周血单核细胞中的比例,分析单核样MDSCs与IBD活动性的关系,从而初步探讨单核样MDSCs在IBD中的作用机制。方法：纳入IBD患者60例,分为克罗恩病（CD）组（n=33）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）组（n=27）,选取30名同期健康体检者作为正常对照组,采用流式细胞仪检测CD组、UC组、正常对照组患者外周血单核样MDSCs／单核细胞比例,分析单核样MDSCs与IBD患者WBC、PLT、ESR、CRP的相关性。结果：CD组和UC组外周血单核样MDSCs／单核细胞比例较正常对照组相比显著升高[（43．7±23．0）％、（49．1±27．2）％对（10．7±7．4）％]（P〈0．01）,CD组与UC组相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。活动期CD和UC组外周血单核样MDSCs／单核细胞比例均较缓解期组显著升高[（60．3±16．8）％、（66．3±17．6）％对（28．1±16．2）％、（19．9±9．0）％]（P〈0．01）。IBD患者外周血单核样MDSCs／单核细胞比例与WBC计数、PLT计数呈正相关（r=0．44,P=0．02;r=0．43,P=0．02）,与ESR、CRP不相关（r=0．33,P=0．08;r=0．30,P=0．12）。结论：IBD患者外周血单核样MDSCs比例明显升高,与IBD活动性密切相关。单核样MDSCs在IBD发病中具有重要作用。     

炎症性肠病858例临床分析

目的总结分析炎症性肠病（IBD）的临床特点,探讨诊治策略。方法对1998年1月至2009年7月354例炎症性肠病住院患者和2003年1月至2009年7月504例炎症性肠病门诊患者资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组资料显示我院近12年来IBD发病呈逐年上升趋势,溃疡性结肠炎（UC）明显多于克罗恩病（CD）。本组IBD患者中男女之比为1.28∶1。IBD平均发病年龄（41.07±16.07）岁。UC发病高峰年龄为30～49岁,CD发病高峰年龄为20～39岁。本组住院患者中UC和CD两组民族构成比较无统计学差异。肠镜检查中UC以直肠和乙状结肠病变为主,CD以回盲部及回肠末端病变为主。本组患者IBD病理组织学检出率为41.5%,UC误诊率为17.0%,CD误诊率为25.0%。治疗以氨基水杨酸类及类固醇激素为主。结论炎症性肠发病数呈逐年上升趋势;IBD诊断主要依靠内镜及病理。IBD呈慢性复发性发作过程,应长期维持治疗。     

炎症性肠病患者血浆Frat1水平及其临床意义

进展期T细胞淋巴瘤常见重排蛋白1（Frat 1）作为Wnt信号转导通路的激活蛋白在胚胎发育、肿瘤发生等过程中发挥作用,而Wnt信号通路异常与炎症性肠病（IBD）的发病相关.目的：探讨活动性IBD患者血浆Frat 1水平及其临床意义.方法：纳入2009年6月-2010年5月上海华东医院42例克罗恩病（CD）患者、55例溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者和56名正常对照者,应用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测血浆Frat 1水平,以受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析血浆Frat 1水平对IBD的诊断价值,应用Pearson相关分析研究血浆Frat 1水平与临床疾病活动性的相关性.结果：UC患者血浆Frat 1水平显著低于正常对照组（6.55 pg/ml对17.81 pg/m1,P〈0.001）,CD患者血浆Frat 1水平与正常对照组相比差异无统计学意义（P=0.8995）.ROC曲线分析表明血浆Frat 1水平对鉴别UC患者和正常对照者无意义（P=0.2736）.UC患者血浆Frat 1水平与红细胞沉降率（P=0.5994）,C反应蛋白（P=0.4685）和Mayo评分（P=0.3663）之间均无相关性.结论：UC患者血浆Frat 1水平降低,可能与UC的发生存在潜在的联系.     

炎症性肠病患者血清和肠黏膜组织中miR-31-3p的表达水平及临床意义

目的 观察炎症性肠病（IBD）患者血清和肠黏膜组织中miR-31-3p的表达情况,并分析其在疾病诊断和病情评估中的应用价值。方法 随机选取2019年6月至2021年6月成都大学附属医院消化内科收治住院的符合纳入及排除标准的95例IBD患者（设为IBD组）,其中克罗恩病（CD）有33例（设为CD组）,溃疡性结肠炎（UC）有62例（设为UC组）;同期招募67名健康志愿者作为对照组。收集受试对象的肠黏膜组织及血清样本,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测血清和肠黏膜组织中miR-31-3p的表达水平,并分析其在IBD组与对照组,以及不同活动度IBD患者间的差异。采用Pearson相关系数法分析血清和肠黏膜组织中miR-31-3p的表达水平与IBD患者疾病活动度的相关性;采用ROC曲线分析血清和肠黏膜组织中miR-31-3p对IBD的诊断及病情评估的价值。结果 CD组和UC组患者血清和肠黏膜组织中miR-31-3p的表达水平均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。轻度活动期、中度活动期、重度活动期的CD和UC患者血清和肠黏膜组织中miR-31-3p的表达水平均依次升高,组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P...     

炎症性肠病疾病活动程度与血小板参数的相关性分析

炎症性肠病（IBD）是病因未明的肠道非特异性炎症，包括溃疡性结肠炎（UC）和克罗恩病（CD），本研究对血小板参数与IBD的活动性是否关联作临床研究分析。     

C反应蛋白反映炎症性肠病的活动性

背景：临床上评估炎症性肠病活动性的方法有临床活动度、C反应蛋白（CRP）和血沉等，三者常不一致。目的：探讨CRP评估炎症性肠病活动性的价值。方法：以Logistic回归法分析80例克罗恩病（CD）、70例溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者血清CRP与血沉、临床活动度、内镜表现活动性、组织学活动性、低白蛋白血症、贫血、白细胞升高的关系；比较临床严重度、病变部位和药物治疗对CRP的影响。结果：CD中CRP与血沉相关；UC中CRP与血沉、外周血白细胞升高相关。CRP在活动性CD中显著升高（P〈0．01），重度CD和结肠CD中CRP升高较其他各组明显（P〈0．05）；活动性UC中CRP亦显著升高（P〈0．01），重度组中CRP升高较其他组明显（P〈0．05）。药物有效控制临床表现时．CRP显著下降（P〈0．01），复发时重新升高（P〉0．05）。结论：CRP升高更适于反映中至重度结肠CD和UC的活动性：具有快速反映药物治疗有效性的特点。     

炎症性肠病患者血清纤维化指标的变化

背景：炎症性肠病（IBD）具有慢性和反复发作的特点，肠壁组织反复损伤和修复可致局部纤维化和瘢痕形成。目的：观察IBD患者常用血清纤维化指标层黏蛋白（LN）、Ⅳ型胶原（C-Ⅳ）、透明质酸（HA）和Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端肽（PmNP）的变化，评价其与疾病活动度的关系。方法：收集经结肠镜和活检病理检查确诊的48例溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者、50例克罗恩病（CD）患者和50例对照者，以放射免疫测定检测血清LN、C-1V、HA和PmNP水平，以酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测血清高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平。结果：与对照组相比，UC和CD患者血清LN水平显著增高，C-Ⅳ和PⅢNP水平显著降低（P〈0．05），UC和CD两组间则无明显差异；三组间血清HA水平均无明显差异。血清hs-CRP水平可反映IBD疾病活动度，活动期患者hs-CRP水平均高于200mg／L。IBD患者的LN水平与hs-CRP呈正相关（UC：r=0．33，CD：r=0．53，P〈0．05），C-Ⅳ和PmNP水平与hs-CRP无明显关联。LN水平与CD病变部位无明显关联。结论：IBD患者血清LN水平增高，C-Ⅳ和PmNP水平降低．可能成为肠壁组织炎症和修复的间接标志物：血清LN水平可间接反映IBD疾病活动度。     

炎症性肠病的诊治

近20年来，炎症性肠病（IBD），无论是溃疡性结肠炎（UC）还是克罗恩病（CD），在我国报告逐渐增多，以医院为基础的调查推测患病率，UC为11．6／10^5，CD为1．4／10^5，香港发病率UC为1．2／10^5，CD为1．0／10^5。由此带来纷繁复杂的临床问题，引起专业医生的高度重视。借鉴国外对疾病发病机制的研究直接用于临床的经验和不断更新的IBD处理指南，我国也在IBD的诊治方面进行了不懈的探索，并取得了一定的进展。     

核周型抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体和抗酿酒酵母抗体在炎症性肠病中的临床意义

核周型抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体（pANCA）和抗酿酒酵母抗体（ASCA）是一组与炎症性肠病（IBD）密切相关的免疫球蛋白,但对溃疡性结肠炎（UC）、克罗恩病（CD）的诊断和鉴别诊断的价值仍有待进一步验证。目的：探讨pANCA和ASCA在UC与CD诊断和鉴别诊断中的意义。方法：以酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测64例UC、62例CD和56例健康对照者的血清pANCA、ASCA水平和阳性率,分析pANCA、ASCA及其组合的诊断敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值（PPV）和阴性预测值（NPV）。结果：UC组血清pANCA水平[（584．22±347．70）pg/ml对（304．99±211．10）pg／ml和（390．92±82．82）pg/ml,P〈0．01]和阳性率（50．0％对14．5％和14.3％,P〈0．01）显著高于CD组和健康对照组,三组间血清ASCA水平和阳性率无明显差异。pANCA^＋和pANCA^＋/ASCA-诊断UC的敏感性、特异性、PPV和NPV分别为50．0％、85．7％、80．0％、60．0％和42．2％、89.3％、81．8％、57．5％,ASCA^＋和ASCA^＋／pANCA^-诊断CD的敏感性、特异性、PPV和NPV分别为8．1％、87．5％、41．7％、46.2％和3.2％、91．1％、28．6％、45．9％。结论：pANCA阳性有利于UC的诊断。pANCA／ASCA联合检测有助于鉴别UC,但对CD诊断价值不高。     

伴有肛周疾病的炎症性肠病患者肛门功能及生活质量分析

目的分析肛周疾病对炎症性肠病（IBD）患者肛门直肠功能和生活质量的影响。 方法回顾性分析2018年6月至2020年6月淮安市第二人民医院收治的伴有肛门不适的53例IBD患者（IBD组）。其中CD43例，UC10例。包括肛瘘35例，大便失禁15例，肛门纤维化8例。选择同期来淮安市第二人民医院体检的健康人20名作为健康对照组。通过肛门直肠测压对IBD患者和健康对照组受试者肛门功能进行评估并进行比较。采用炎症性肠病患者生活质量量表（IBDQ）评分对IBD患者生活质量进行评估。 结果IBD患者与健康对照组最大肛门静息压、最大挤压压、直肠容量感觉阈值、最大耐受容量、肛管抑制反射阳性水平差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。大便失禁的IBD患者最大肛门静息压、IBDQ评分均低于非大便失禁的IBD患者，且差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。CD与UC患者IBDQ评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；大便失禁IBD患者IBDQ评分低于非大便失禁IBD患者，且差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论合并肛周疾病的IBD患者肛门直肠功能受损，大便失禁的患者生活质量差。     

白细胞介素-25在炎症性肠病患者中的表达及临床意义

目的 通过检测白细胞介素(IL)-25在炎症性肠病(IBD)患者肠黏膜及血清中的表达水平,探讨其在IBD发病过程中的作用及意义.方法 收集12例溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者、16例克罗恩病(CD)患者及13例对照者的内镜肠黏膜活检标本,采用荧光定量PCR技术检测肠黏膜内IL-25 mRNA的表达情况,免疫组化技术分析IL-25在肠黏膜中的原位表达;同期收集20例UC、24例CD患者及20名健康对照者血清标本,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测血清中IL-25水平.结果 与健康对照组相比,UC及CD患者肠黏膜组织内IL-25 mRNA表达显著降低(P＜0.05),UC及CD组间的表达量差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).免疫组化分析显示IL-25阳性细胞在正常肠黏膜固有层内有较多表达,同时黏膜内的肠上皮细胞也存在IL-25低表达,UC及CD患者肠黏膜IL-25蛋白表达量显著降低(P＜0.05),UC及CD组间的表达量差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).ELISA显示UC及CD患者血清中IL-25表达量显著低于健康对照组(P＜0.05).结论 IL-25在IBD患者肠黏膜及血清中表达显著降低,提示IL-25表达缺陷与IBD的发生发展密切相关,IL-25有可能成为IBD治疗的新靶点.     

Fatigue Severity and Factors Associated with High Fatigue Levels in Korean Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Background/Aims

Many patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often complain of fatigue. To date, only a few studies in Western countries have focused on fatigue related to IBD, and fatigue has never been specifically studied in Asian IBD patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the fatigue level and fatigue-related factors among Korean IBD patients.

Methods

Patients in remission or with mild to moderate IBD were included. Fatigue was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue and the Brief Fatigue Inventory. Corresponding healthy controls (HCs) also completed both fatigue questionnaires.

Results

Sixty patients with Crohn disease and 68 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were eligible for analysis. The comparison group consisted of 92 HCs. Compared with the HCs, both IBD groups were associated with greater levels of fatigue (p<0.001). Factors influencing the fatigue score in UC patients included anemia and a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).

Conclusions

Greater levels of fatigue were detected in Korean IBD patients compared with HCs. Anemia and ESR were determinants of fatigue in UC patients. Physicians need to be aware of fatigue as one of the important symptoms of IBD to better understand the impact of fatigue on health-related quality of life.     

Systematic screening for primary sclerosing cholangitis with magnetic resonance cholangiography in inflammatory bowel disease

BackgroundPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a major concern in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).AimsEvaluating the use of magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRC) as a screening tool for PSC in IBD patients.MethodsA single-center cohort study investigating systematic MRC to assess PSC in IBD patients with (cohort 1) and without (cohort 2) liver function tests (LFTs) abnormality, combined with a retrospective analysis of MRCs in a control group of non-IBD patients with abnormal LFTs (cohort 3).ResultsIn total, 420 patients (cohort 1: n = 203, cohort 2: n = 30, cohort 3: n = 187) underwent imaging. MRC was classified ‘abnormal’ in 49/203 (24.1%) patients in cohort 1, in 1/30 (3.3%) patients in cohort 2, and in 66/187 (35.3%) patients in cohort 3 (p < 0.004 for all comparisons). PSC was diagnosed in 20/203 (9.9%) patients in cohort 1, in 1/30 (3.3%) patients in cohort 2, and in 13/187 (7.0%) patients in cohort 3 (p = 0.44). Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase was the only independent factor predicting the diagnosis of PSC in IBD (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3–2.5, p = 0.001).ConclusionsMRC revealed PSC in one tenth of IBD patients with abnormal LFTs and should be systematically performed in IBD patients with abnormal LFTs, especially if gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level is elevated.     

Knowledge of disease and health information needs of the patients with inflammatory bowel disease in a developing country

Background and aims This study was performed to have a first-time assessment on the knowledge level of a population of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in a developing country like Iran and to identify their health information preferences.Methods One hundred over 18-year-old IBD patients presenting to an outpatient gastroenterology clinic in Tehran from April to November 2004 were asked to complete Persian-translated version of 24-item Crohn's and Colitis Knowledge (CCKNOW) score questionnaire and an additional questionnaire collecting their favorite disease-related knowledge topics.Results All of the patients (64 females, 36 males) wished to know more about their disease. The cause of IBD and the medications were the most favorite knowledge topics. The mean and median of CCKNOW score of the patients was 4.65 and 4.0 (out of 24), respectively. Women showed significantly higher scores than men (p=0.006). There was also a weak positive correlation between the level of education and CCKNOW score (Spearman's ρ=0.23, p=0.02). No significant correlation was found between age, duration of disease, self-estimated level of suffering from disease, and CCKNOW score. The most severe knowledge deficit was evident in knowledge on IBD complications.Conclusion Despite the overt inclination of Iranian IBD patients to know more about their disease, their knowledge levels were significantly lower than the IBD patients in developed countries. The more profound knowledge deficit in IBD complications may lead to disastrous aftermaths such as late diagnosis of colorectal cancer induced by prolonged IBD. Vigorous patient education programs for the Iranian IBD patient are suggested focusing on areas of knowledge deficit and their favorite topics.This research work was totally funded by Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases affiliated to Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran     

Assessment of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function after corticosteroid therapy in inflammatory bowel disease

OBJECTIVES: In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), little is known about the effect of long term corticosteroid therapy (CT) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. Our aim was to assess HPA axis function in IBD, before the end of CT, during the tapering phase. METHODS: HPA axis function was assessed with cortisol (ng/ml) measurement before (T0) (normal > 100) and 60 min (normal > 210) after 0.25 mg tetracosactide (Synacthen immédiat) injection (T60) in 55 consecutive cases of IBD attacks. Abnormal response was defined as a T60 <210. The attacks were separated into two groups according to the result of the Synacthen test (ST). RESULTS: In all, 36 of 55 ST were abnormal. The time for recovery normal HPA axis function was 7.2+/-1.3 months. Duration of disease since onset, past history of surgical or immunosuppressive treatment, severity and extension of the attack, need for surgical or immunosuppressive treatment, total cumulative and mean daily corticosteroid dose, total duration of CT, and steroid dose at the time of ST were not significantly different in the two groups. In multivariate analysis a past history of CT was predictive of abnormal ST (OR = 8.4, 95% CI = 2.2-31.5, p = 0.0009). Among patients with a past history of CT, the time (months) elapsed between the last course of CT was significantly longer in those with normal ST than in those with abnormal ST (45.5+/-13.5 vs 15.4+/-6.0; p = 0.02), and in multivariate analysis a duration free of CT < 15 months was predictive of abnormal ST (OR = 15.00, CI = 1.23-183.00, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In all, 65% of the ST were abnormal. These results suggest that ST should be performed before corticosteroid withdrawal, especially in patients with recent past history of CT.     

Risk of inflammatory bowel disease in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A nationwide,population-based study

BACKGROUND There is a growing evidence regarding an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) among patients with airway diseases.AIM To investigate the influence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) on the risk of IBD.METHODS A nationwide, population-based study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Service database. A total of 1303021 patients with COPD and 6515105 non-COPD controls were identified. The COPD group was divided into the severe and the mild COPD group according to diagnostic criteria. The risk of IBD in patients with COPD compared to controls was analyzed by Cox proportional hazard regression models. The cumulativeincidences of IBD were compared between the groups.RESULTS The COPD group had higher incidences of IBD compared to non-COPD controls(incidence rate, 9.98 vs 7.18 per 100000 person-years, P 0.001). The risk of IBD in the COPD group was increased by 1.38(adjusted hazard ratio(HR); 95%CI: 1.25-1.52). The incidence rate of IBD was higher in the severe COPD group than in the mild COPD group(12.39 vs 9.77 per 100000 person-year, P 0.001). The severity of COPD was associated with an increased risk of IBD(adjusted HR 1.70 in severe COPD, 95%CI: 1.27-2.21 and adjusted HR 1.35 in mild COPD, 95%CI: 1.22-1.49)CONCLUSION The incidences of IBD were significantly increased in COPD patients in South Korea and the risk of developing IBD also increased as the severity of COPD increased.     

炎症性肠病患者服用铁剂的耐受性及疗效

目的 回顾性地比较炎症性肠病（IBD）患者与非IBD患者服用铁剂的耐受性与疗效.方法 对2000年1月至2005年3月期间住院病历中符合IBD的217例患者及26例非炎症性原因引起缺铁的患者进行回顾性分析.结果 217例IBD患者中有42例（19.4%）,非IBD组有15例（57.7%）患者接受过口服铁剂治疗,IBD组有7例（16.7%）,非IBD组有3例（11.5%）不能耐受口服铁剂治疗（P＞0.05）.依据检查结果,IBD组有11例（31.4%）,非IBD组有8例（38.1%）治疗有效.结论 IBD患者对口服铁剂的耐受性和治疗效果与非IBD患者相比,没有明显差异.     

Circadian rhythm abnormalities in patients with inflammatory bowel disease – association with adipokine profile

Abstract

Background: The role of sleep disturbances in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remained relatively unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the adipokine profile in the patients with IBD and its relationship with the circadian rhythm disorders.

Methods: Prospective, observational cohort study was performed. In all the enrolled adult IBD patients, the disease activity was assessed by using Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) for Crohn’s disease (CD) and Partial Mayo Score for ulcerative colitis (UC), respectively. All patients were also asked to respond to a questionnaire to define Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index (PSQI). From all the enrolled patients, 15?mL venous blood was taken to determine adipokine levels and perform standard laboratory tests.

Results: Sixty-five IBD patients were enrolled in our study: 30 with CD and 35 with UC. Poor sleep was noted in 69.2% patients with clinically active and in 7.7% patients with inactive disease (p?=?.0023). In the group of IBD patients with poor sleep, the significantly higher level of serum resistin (p?=?.0458), and lower level of serum adiponectin and leptin (p?=?.0215, p?=?.0201; respectively) were observed. In the IBD patients with exacerbation, the significantly higher level of serum resistin (p?=?.0396), significantly lower serum level of leptin (p?=?.0453) and tendency to lower serum level of adiponectin (p?=?.1214) were recorded.

Conclusions: The relationship between circadian rhythm abnormalities and specific adipokine profile may show us a risk factor of developing inflammatory intestinal lesions in IBD patients. This knowledge may allow the treatment of sleep disturbances, body weight-control and dietary habits become new targets in IBD therapy.