An unusual intracerebral foreign body asSociated with eye trauma

A case report is presented of penetrating orbital trauma in the driver of a motor vehicle which collided with a kangaroo. A tooth fragment from the kangaroo traversed the orbit, lodging intracranially. Management of the case is described and appropriate choice of antibiotic regime discussed.     

眼内异物伤眼内炎的临床观察

目的:探讨眼内异物伤眼内炎的感染因素、诊治情况.方法:收集256例眼内异物伤中42例发生眼内炎病例,从致病因素、微生物学检测及诊断治疗进行回顾性分析.结果:眼内异物伤眼内炎发生率为16.4%.眼后节异物及合并外伤性白内障的眼内异物伤是眼内炎发生的危险因素(P＜0.05).眼内异物伤Ⅰ期给予玻璃体腔注射盐酸去甲万古霉素及头孢他啶可以减少眼内炎的发生率(P<0.05).异物性质及大小、取出时间及伤口情况对眼内炎发生率无明显影响(P＞0.05).眼内异物伤眼内炎手术分级Ⅲ级最多.玻璃体切除手术是治疗眼内炎的主要手术方式.结论:眼后节异物伤及合并外伤性白内障的眼内异物伤是眼内炎发生的危险因素,Ⅰ期手术需处理白内障时尽量保留完整的晶状体后囊膜.建议眼后节异物伤Ⅰ期行玻璃体腔注射万古霉素及头孢他啶.一旦确诊眼内炎,尽早进行玻璃体切除手术.     

Hot, liquid glass injury as a novel mechanism for intraocular foreign body

PurposeTo report the occurrence of a novel mechanism of IOFB with hot, liquefied glass injury.MethodsRetrospective case series.ResultsTwo patients suffered an injury to their eye with hot, liquefied glass. The ocular findings included a single scleral entry wound with multiple glass fragments located inside the eye. Fragments were found embedded in the retina, as well as mobile on the retinal surface.ConclusionsThis distinctive mechanism involves an initial liquid state of glass causing injury, and results in multiple solidified glass IOFBs despite a single entrance wound. Though intraocular glass is typically inert, the unique characteristics of this injury may warrant a surgical approach. Surgical management proved successful in stabilizing vision and preventing further complications.     

An unusual intraorbital foreign body: A brake lever

Orbital trauma usually affects the bony parts of the orbit; however, in rare cases foreign bodies are found within the orbit. In this report, we introduce a case with unusual large intraorbital foreign bodies (two parts of a brake lever) after a motorcycle accident. Although one of the foreign bodies was located in the posterior orbit, they required only one simple operation for retrieval. We will discus the management strategy.     

Orbital foreign body misdiagnosed as superior orbital rim fracture

Orbital foreign bodies may be difficult to diagnose clinically and radiologically. In cases where a foreign body is suspected, both the mechanism of injury and the composition of the offending material need to be taken into account. A case is described of an orbital foreign body misdiagnosed as a superior orbital rim fracture, resulting in persistent ptosis and diplopia, and leading to delayed recovery for the patient, a commercial airline pilot.     

Presentation of intraocular foreign body 25 years after the event

Delayed presentation of retained intraocular foreign body is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the ophthalmologist. Herein a case of a man presenting 25 five years after initial injury with a retained metallic foreign body adjacent to the optic disc is described.     

后入路玻璃体切割术治疗眼球贯通伤伴球内异物

目的:探索早期后入路玻璃体切割术治疗眼球贯通伤伴球内异物的有效性.方法:近2a来我院急诊收治的10例10眼眼球贯通伤伴球内异物患者,急诊行玻璃体切割+眼内异物取出+硅油填充术,术后给予积极预防感染、消炎处理,根据伤道周围视网膜生长情况补充视网膜光凝.结果:患者1眼因化脓性眼内炎、术中视网膜脉络膜损毁严重视网膜未能复位,最终眼球萎缩,患者9眼成功施行玻璃体切割手术,取出异物,随诊时间3~18mo,其中2例患者因复发性视网膜脱离行二次玻切硅油置换手术,其余患者视网膜复位良好,无再出血,眼压维持8~21mmHg;最后一次随访时患者3眼最佳矫正视力>0.1,2眼矫正视力0.01~0.1,患者4眼因后极部脉络膜视网膜损伤严重矫正视力光感~指数/50cm,眼球萎缩患者视力无光感.结论:早期后入路玻璃体切割、异物取出联合硅油填充术为一种有效地治疗眼球贯通伤伴球内异物的手术治疗方法.     

中山市黄圃镇与职业相关角膜异物的危险因素分析

目的:采用病例对照对发生角膜异物的相关危险因素进行分析,并探讨预防的方式。方法:采用病例对照研究,选取我院门、急诊确诊的角膜异物病例123例作为病例组,246例非眼外伤病患,既往无眼外伤史的普通患者对照组,按年龄、性别及类似工作进行1∶2配对,其中年龄差异不超过5岁。调查为问卷调查。结果:外来务工人员比本地工更易发生角膜异物(OR4.73);临时工较固定工人发生角膜异物的几率大(OR9.60);金属加工行业有关的工人较非金属加工行业更易发生角膜异物(OR10.50);高中以下的教育程度在调查中显示较高中以上者易发生角膜异物(OR4.60);工作中不配戴防护镜是发生角膜异物的主要影响因素,调查显示病例组中配戴防护镜的比例明显偏低于对照组(OR7.30)。结论:在多元回归模型中显示临时工、外来务工与金属加工相关工种及不配戴防护镜是发生角膜异物的危险因素。     

眼眶异物气枪铅弹摘出法探讨

目的 探讨眼眶异物气枪铅弹的摘出方法及难点。方法 16例(16眼)眼眶气枪铅弹异物在X线摄片或CT扫描后，在X线透视直视下以血管钳夹住有软组织包裹的异物铅弹，再用另一血管钳同路伸入对异物铅弹外包之软组织进行分离，直接夹出铅弹。结果 16例眶内异物铅弹均成功取出。结论 在X线摄片或CT扫描后，在X线透视直视下，以两把钳分别夹持及分离可以较易摘出眶内气枪铅弹。     

眼球内异物手术治疗的临床研究

目的：探讨手术摘出眼球内异物的各种手术方式以及手术效果。 方法：回顾性分析24例眼球内异物摘出的各种手术方式以及治疗结果。 结果：内路法和外路法均能成功摘出异物,无并发症,二者手术效果相当。同时伴有视网膜脱离等并发症者,行玻璃体切割联合异物摘除,术后视力有不同程度的提高。 结论:眼内异物摘出以不进一步损伤眼组织为原则,必须综合分析异物的大小、位置及并发症,以选择手术路径。     

板栗刺致眼外伤186例临床分析

目的总结186例（188眼）板栗刺致眼异物伤的治疗经验及疗效观察。方法表麻后在显微镜下用一次性注射针头剔除角膜异物和局麻后切开结膜或角膜缘取出结膜下、巩膜异物或前房异物（板栗刺），术后进行预防感染治疗。结果186例（188眼）眼球板栗刺1次取出者占87．77％，分2次取出者占12．23％，剔除后视力无影响者168例（170眼）占90．43％。结论板栗刺致眼异物伤应及时诊治，取出方法得当，术后预防感染，预后良好。     

Retinal detachment after posterior segment intraocular foreign body injuries

Purpose: To identify the risk factors for retinal detachment after posterior segment intraocular foreign body (IOFB) injuries and to study the association between the development of retinal detachment and visual outcome. Methods: Ninety-six consecutive patients with posterior segment IOFB injuries were retrospectively reviewed. Vitrectomy techniques were used in primary and secondary treatment. Two eyes were eviscerated after primary repair because of Clostridium perfringens endophthalmitis. Factors analyzed included (1) entrance wound location, (2) presence of uveal prolapse, (3) presence of vitreous prolapse, (4) presence of traumatized iris, (5) presence of endophthalmitis, (6) location of IOFB, (7) size of IOFB, (8) use of scleral buckling and/or an encircling band, (9) use of gas tamponade, (10) use of lensectomy. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results:Retinal detachment was present in 6 eyes at presentation and occurred in another 19 eyes after vitrectomy. After a mean follow-up of 8.6 months, 63 (65.6%) eyes achieved visual acuities of 20/200 or better, and total retinal detachment complicated by inoperable proliferative vitreoretinopathy was present in 9 (9.4%) eyes. Multivariate analysis identified retinal detachment as a factor significantly associated with a poor visual outcome (odds ratio = 4.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05–19.6). Foreign body size of more than 4 mm (odds ratio = 5.8, 95% CI = 1.66–2.03) and presence of endophthalmitis (odds ratio = 11.7, 95% CI = 2.57–52.9) were identified as the only predictive factors for the development of retinal detachment after vitrectomy. Use of prophylactic scleral buckling and/or an encircling band reduced the risk of developing postoperative retinal detachment. Conclusions: Retinal detachment after posterior segment IOFB injuries is associated with a poor visual outcome. Large IOFB and presence of endophthalmitis are the strongest predictive factors for the development of retinal detachment. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

An intraorbital metallic foreign body

A 30-year-old male presented with diplopia for 20 days post occupational accident involving left side of his nose, while he was working with a nail gun. He was fully conscious and did not have any neurological deficits. Patient narrated the mechanism of injury and was sure that the nail fell down after hitting the left side of his nose. He had normal vision, but extra ocular movements were restricted and painful. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a curved metal object lodged in the posterior aspect of the left orbit extending diagonally from medial wall to the anterior-superior aspect of the orbital roof. The object was removed via a small surgical approach, inflicting least possible surgical trauma. Post surgery, the patient recovered with complete resolution of diplopia. The original aspects of this case are the lack of signs of a foreign body entry and its relative harmlessness in spite of its large size.     

B超在眼后段异物测量中的准确性分析

目的：评估B超在不同性质眼后段异物大小测量中的准确性。

方法：回顾性分析2016-01/12在我院被诊断为眼后段异物的患者13例13眼。异物在取出后用直尺测量实际大小,并同术前B超所测数值进行比较,同时计算相关系数(B超测量值/实际大小)。为了排除手术操作损伤异物对真实大小测量的影响,选定长度为5mm的不同材质物体(分别为金属、玻璃和木质)放入直径约20～30mm的水囊中模拟眼内异物,同样进行以上的测量,测量重复4次。

结果：选取13眼内异物均经玻璃体手术完整取出,其中金属磁性异物12眼,玻璃异物1眼。12个金属异物术前B超所测长轴和实际长度的平均值分别为3.65±1.30和2.45±0.94mm,所有测量值均大于实际值(P=0.016)。相关系数的平均值为1.49。体外实验中,金属、玻璃和木质三种不同性质异物B超的平均测量值分别为6.76±0.15、6.55±0.04和6.02±0.07mm,相关系数分别为1.35、1.31和1.20。

结论：B超用于眼后段异物测量时,其所测量值会大于真实大小,尤其是对于金属和玻璃异物。因此在术中制作异物取出切口时需要进行考虑。     

眼内异物取出术后视网膜脱离的临床分析

本文为分析眼内异物取出术后发生视网膜脱离的原因及手术注意事项，对２０例眼内异物取出术后视网膜脱离的眼外伤患者进行回顾性研究。结果２０例均为牵拉性视网膜脱离，其中１２例有明确的玻璃体机化条索与视网膜相连，术中视网膜复位者１８例（９０％），术后视力提高者１５例（７５％），视力不变者１例（５％），视力下降者４例（２０％），其中术后脱盲（视力＞０．０５）者３人（１５％）。结论：眼内异物取出术后发生视网膜脱离的主要原因为外伤性增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变，应根据病史、异物性质及存留位置、眼部并发症等因素综合考虑决定手术方式和时机，减少异物取出术后视网膜脱离的发生     

Intracranial foreign body in a globe-perforating injury

CASE REPORT: To report a case with an intracranial foreign body in the setting of a globe-perforating injury. A 53-year-old man experienced a sudden pain in his right eye while he was breaking a stone with a sledgehammer. Upon examination, a 1.5 mm superomedial corneoscleral perforation site was noted. Cranial sections of axial orbital computed tomography (CT) revealed a foreign body at the middle cranial fossa. COMMENTS: A high index of suspicion is required to detect an intracranial foreign body in ocular injuries. Orbital CT must be included in preoperative evaluation of these patients and cranial sections must also be examined carefully.     

Insect wing tarsal foreign body causing conjunctival granuloma and marginal keratitis

A 37 year old male was referred to our centre for management of episcleritis with peripheral keratitis in the right eye. He had a history of ocular discomfort in the right eye of 1 week duration. Slitlamp examination revealed marginal keratitis between 12''o clock to 2''o clock positions in the right eye. Lid eversion revealed an insect wing on the tarsal conjunctiva along with an adjacent conjunctival granuloma. The area of the marginal keratitis corresponded to the area of the foreign body and the conjunctival granuloma. The probable mechanism of the development of marginal keratitis and the conjunctiva granuloma is speculated in this case report.     

Orbital tuberculoma masquerading as an orbital malignancy

Background: Orbital tuberculosis is exceedingly rare in areas where tuberculosis is non-endemic. A case of childhood orbital tuberculosis is reported, which the authors believe to be the first reported case of orbital tuberculosis in the Australasian region. Methods/Results: The patient, a 6-year-old boy, presented with proptosis and was initially mistaken to have an orbital malignancy. Treatment with antituberculous drugs resulted in resolution of the condition. Conclusion: This case served as a timely reminder of the need to keep awareness of the extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis alive even in developed countries. A high index of suspicion for this eminently treatable disease in the appropriate clinical situation is particularly important when migrant communities from high-prevalence areas are involved.