应用腹壁下动脉穿支皮瓣即刻乳房重建

目的总结乳腺癌切除同时应用腹壁下动脉穿支（DIEP）皮瓣行即刻乳房重建的手术经验,探讨DIEP皮瓣即刻乳房重建的适应证及优点。方法2003年4月-2009年6月,中国医学科学院肿瘤医院乳腺中心接受乳腺癌切除术患者21例（根治术6例,改良根治术15例）,术前应用多排螺旋CT（MDCT）血管造影及多普勒血流仪探明穿支位置,乳腺癌切除的同时,解剖腹壁下动脉穿支,形成腹壁下动脉穿支蒂皮瓣,与患侧胸背血管吻合,进行即刻乳房重建。结果术后随访6个月至6年。21例患者中,20例皮瓣全部存活,1例出现皮瓣远端1／3脂肪液化;胸部受区出现1例血肿;无腹壁膨隆、腹壁疝、切口脂肪液化等供区并发症;再造乳房外形满意,形态自然。结论乳腺癌切除同时,采用DIEP皮瓣进行即刻乳房重建,可以使患者免受乳房缺失的痛苦,同时具有受区组织条件好、皮瓣组织量丰富、供区损伤小及并发症少的优点,是一种理想的即刻乳房重建方法。     

多模态超声检查对腹壁下动脉穿支皮瓣自体移植乳房再造术前血管评估研究

目的:探讨多模态超声对腹壁下动脉穿支(deep inferior epigastric perforator,DIEP)皮瓣血管检查有效性,并分析穿支血管的影响因素。方法:纳入2013年2月至2018年10月43例于天津医科大学肿瘤医院使用DIEP皮瓣进行乳房再造术的女性乳腺癌患者,对穿支血管行术前常规及彩色多普勒超声检查,并在超声造影增强状态下行三维重建,直观显示穿支血管的走行分布情况,同时体表标注投影位置。结果:43例患者腹壁下动脉穿支主要分布在脐周5 cm范围内,每侧2～5支,其中28例呈不对称分布。DIEP穿支血管管径与患者腹壁脂肪层厚度呈正相关(r=0.436,P<0.05);血管收缩期峰值血流速度与穿支血管管径呈正相关(r=0.448,P<0.05)。43例患者行超声造影检查后彩色血流信号均能显著增强,其中39例经三维重建后能清晰显示穿支血管与腹壁下动脉主干的关系,4例穿支血管显示欠连续。结论:多模态超声检查在乳腺癌患者DIEP乳房再造术前评估穿支血管具有重要的应用价值,腹壁脂肪层厚度对优势血管的选择有一定影响。     

腹壁浅动脉(SIEA)皮瓣在乳房重建术中的应用

腹壁浅动脉(superficial inferior spigastric artery,SIEA)皮瓣乳房重建术是一种基于腹壁浅动脉系统的术式。由于术中不需切开腹直肌鞘以致破坏皮瓣深部腹部组织的完整,因此大大减少了术后供区并发症,同时取得良好的美容效果。文章综合近年来国外在此术式上的最新进展,就SIEA皮瓣的定义、解剖基础、手术方式、术后并发症进行综述。     

Quality of life and patient satisfaction after microsurgical abdominal flap versus staged expander/implant breast reconstruction: a critical study of unilateral immediate breast reconstruction using patient-reported outcomes instrument BREAST-Q

Staged expander–implant breast reconstruction (EIBR) and microsurgical abdominal flap breast reconstruction (MAFBR) are the most common modes of breast reconstruction (BR) in the United States. Whether the mode of breast reconstruction has an impact on patient quality of life (QoL) and satisfaction remains a question. A retrospective study was conducted identifying a population of 119 patients who underwent unilateral immediate BR. Only patients who were eligible for either EIBR or MAFBR based on preoperative characteristics were included in the study. The following parameters were retrieved: demographics, mode of reconstruction, cancer, recovery, QoL, and patient satisfaction. The latter two parameters were determined using the BREAST-Q BR module questionnaire. Two-way analysis of variance with mode of reconstruction and occurrence of complication as independent variables was used to determine the effect on patient satisfaction and QoL. The association between mode of reconstruction and patient response with each item of the QoL and satisfaction survey domains was analyzed. The overall response rate was 62.2 %. Non-respondents and respondents did not significantly differ in demographics, surgery type, cancer staging, adjuvant therapy, and complication rate. Age and BMI were significantly higher in MAFBR, while level of education was higher in EIBR. MAFBR had higher scores in psychosocial and sexual wellbeing, satisfaction with outcome, breast, information, and plastic surgeon when compared with patients who underwent EIBR. For patients eligible for both MAFBR and EIBR, MAFBR is associated with higher levels of satisfaction and QoL. Comprehensive pre-operative information of pros and cons of both modes of BR is crucial for patients to make a well-informed decision, thus, resulting in higher levels of satisfaction.