胃复春联合幽门螺杆菌根除术治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎的临床研究

目的：观察胃复春片联合幽门螺杆菌根除术治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎（CAG）的临床疗效。方法：将60例CAG患者随机分为治疗组30例、对照组30例,对照组常规服用胃复春片,治疗组加用幽门螺杆菌根除术的三联疗法,观察两组的临床疗效、Hp根除率、胃黏膜病理检测等和不良反应。结果：治疗组在临床疗效、Hp根除率、胃黏膜萎缩、胃黏膜肠化生、不典型增生等方面的改善均优于对照组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论：胃复春片联合幽门螺杆菌根除术是治疗CAG的有效方法。     

Helicobacter pylori and atrophic gastritis.

Sixty-four consecutive patients which on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy had endoscopic signs of atrophic body gastritis were investigated with standard histology examinations of gastric biopsies, serology and/or culture for Helicobacter pylori and with standard blood chemistry profile. A histologic diagnosis of atrophy could be made in only 27 of the 64 patients (42%). Of these 27 patients, 5 had the pernicious anaemia (PA) type (19%), 22 had not (81%). Past and/or present H. pylori infection was found in 16/22 non-PA patients (73%) but in none of the PA patients (p = 0.00572). The present study thus confirms earlier findings that non-PA type atrophic body gastritis is more common than the PA type and suggests that, as opposed to PA-type atrophy, it is related to H. pylori infection.     

Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy improves atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia: a 5-year prospective study of patients with atrophic gastritis

AIM: : To investigate the effect of the eradication of Helicobacter pylori on histological gastritis. METHODS: : Twenty-six patients with moderate to severe atrophy received successful eradication therapy of H.pylori. Four patients dropped out and 22 were followed up prospectively for 5 years. The grades of gastritis were estimated from gastric biopsy specimens. The grade of intestinal metaplasia was also evaluated by dye-endoscopy using methylene blue (methylthioninium chloride). The serum levels of pepsinogen, gastrin and anti-parietal cell antibody were also determined. RESULTS: : The grades of atrophy decreased in patients with successful eradication therapy in the gastric corpus (before vs. 5 years after eradication, 2.09 +/- 0.15 vs. 0.91 +/- 0.17; P < 0.01) and in the antrum (2.14 +/- 0.17 vs. 1.36 +/- 0.17; P < 0.01). The levels of intestinal metaplasia were also decreased in the corpus (0.91 +/- 0.24 vs. 0.50 +/- 0.16; P < 0.05) and in the antrum (1.41 +/- 0.20 vs. 1.00 +/- 0.16; P < 0.05), which was also demonstrated by the methylene blue (methylthioninium chloride) staining method (33.4 +/- 8.2% vs. 23.0 +/- 6.5%; P < 0.05). The improvement of corpus atrophy correlated well with the high serum level of pepsinogen I (P = 0.005), but showed no correlation with the levels of anti-parietal cell antibody. CONCLUSIONS: : These results suggest that gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia are reversible events in some patients.     

The effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the natural course of atrophic gastritis with dysplasia

BACKGROUND: There are few data on the natural course of Helicobacter pylori-related atrophic gastritis. AIM: To investigate the effect of H. pylori eradication on advanced atrophic gastritis in the corpus. METHODS: Twenty-two elderly men with H. pylori infection and moderate or severe atrophic corpus gastritis formed the study population. These men were under endoscopic surveillance because of the presence of indefinite or definite dysplastic gastric lesions in addition to atrophic corpus gastritis. The men were gastroscopically and bioptically examined four times before they received H. pylori eradication therapy (mean follow-up time, 7.5 years), and once again 2.5 years after eradication therapy. Serum levels of pepsinogen I and H. pylori antibodies were analysed at baseline, immediately before and 2.5 years after eradication therapy. RESULTS: During the 7.5-year period prior to eradication therapy, no significant changes were observed in the mean atrophy and intestinal metaplasia scores or in the mean serum level of pepsinogen I. However, a significant improvement occurred in the mean histological scores of inflammation (from 2.2 to 0.5), atrophy (from 2.2 to 1.2) and intestinal metaplasia (from 1.6 to 1.1) in the corpus mucosa after H. pylori eradication. In addition, the mean serum level of pepsinogen I increased from 16.3 to 25.7 microg/L (P=0.0071, Wilcoxon signed rank test) after eradication therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that advanced atrophic corpus gastritis (and intestinal metaplasia) improves and may even heal after the eradication of H. pylori.     

The long-term effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy on symptoms in dyspeptic patients with fundic atrophic gastritis

AIM: To investigate whether curing Helicobacter pylori infection improves symptoms over the long-term in Japanese patients with nonulcer dyspepsia and fundic atrophic gastritis. METHODS: Ninety H. pylori-positive dyspeptic patients with fundic atrophic gastritis were enrolled in this study. We performed a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial comparing triple therapy (n=45) with that of placebo alone (n=45). Inflammation and mucosal atrophy were scored according to the Updated Sydney System. Symptoms were scored on a scale of 0 to 3 for six items. Fasting samples of gastric juice were taken before endoscopy, and gastric pH was determined. Serum gastrin and pepsinogen levels were measured, and body mass index was determined. These patients were followed up for 3 years, and all measures were evaluated both before and after therapy. RESULTS: Significant improvement in dyspeptic symptoms and gastritis scores, significant decrease in gastric pH, and significant increase in body mass index were found after 3 years eradication in nonulcer dyspepsia patients treated successfully for H. pylori infection. There were no significant changes in the placebo group. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that eradicating of H. pylori results in significant long-term reduction in symptoms of nonulcer dyspepsia with fundic atrophic gastritis.     

根除幽门螺杆菌治疗慢性胃炎的疗效观察

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)根除治疗在慢性胃炎治疗过程中的临床疗效。方法经胃镜、组织病理学检查和幽门螺杆菌检测确诊为幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎患者99例分为研究组49例和观察组50例,并以同期53例非幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎患者作为阴性对照组。研究组给予正规的根除幽门螺杆菌三联治疗,其他各组的基本治疗相同。分析每个组治疗前和治疗后4周、1年～1年6个月随访结束时的症状体征、胃镜检查和组织病理学检查结果。结果治疗结束后4周研究组的炎症严重程度和活动度都比观察组的轻(P<0.05)。研究组的炎症严重程度比治疗前明显好转(P<0.05),观察组则无显著性差异(P>0.05)。研究组的复发率比观察组和阴性对照组的都低(P<0.05)。结论对幽门螺杆菌相关性胃炎患者进行正规的根除幽门螺杆菌治疗可以提高慢性胃炎的临床治疗效果,具有非常重要的临床意义。     

The long-term effects of cure of Helicobacter pylori infection on patients with atrophic body gastritis

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection induces atrophic body gastritis, but the long-term effect of its cure on body atrophy is unclear. AIM: To investigate the long-term effects of H. pylori cure on gastric morpho-functional parameters in patients with atrophic body gastritis. METHODS: Forty patients with atrophic body gastritis were cured of H. pylori infection. Gastroscopy with biopsies, gastrin and pepsinogen I levels and basal and stimulated acid secretion were evaluated before and 6-12 months after treatment. RESULTS: At eradication assessment (6-12 months), in eight of the 40 patients, body atrophy was no longer observed, whereas in 32 of the 40 it remained substantially unchanged (2.03 +/- 0.12 vs. 1.83 +/- 0.15). In the eight patients with reversed body atrophy, gastrinaemia decreased significantly with respect to pre-treatment values (265 +/- 59.9 pg/mL vs. 51.8. +/- 6.04 pg/mL), and basal and stimulated acid secretion increased significantly after cure. In the 32 patients still presenting body atrophy, gastrinaemia was similar topre-treatment values (457 +/- 76.04 pg/mL vs. 335.1 +/- 58.8 pg/mL). At follow-up (21-25 and 32-70 months), the eight patients with reversed body atrophy continued with normal gastrinaemia (35.3 +/- 10.1 pg/mL vs. 38.5 +/- 8.8 pg/mL), but in the 19 patients with continued atrophy, both corporal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia remained substantially unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Following successful treatment in patients with atrophic body gastritis and H. pylori infection, long-term histological investigations are crucial in order to detect reversed body damage or to confirm continued body atrophy.     

Healing of lymphocytic gastritis after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy--a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre trial

BACKGROUND: An association between Helicobacter pylori infection and lymphocytic gastritis has been postulated. AIM: To assess the long-term effect of H. pylori eradication therapy on lymphocytic gastritis in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. METHODS: Patients with lymphocytic gastritis were randomized to receive either 1-week triple therapy for eradication of H. pylori or omeprazole plus placebo. Endoscopy and histology was performed at baseline and after 3 and 12 months. Patients of the omeprazole/placebo group with persistent lymphocytic gastritis after 12 months received crossover open-label triple therapy. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients were randomized. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed a trend to a higher healing rate of lymphocytic gastritis 3 months after triple therapy compared with omeprazole/placebo (83.3% vs. 57.7%, 95% CI for RR: 0.8-2.8, P = 0.06). After 12 months, the healing rate of lymphocytic gastritis was significantly higher after triple therapy compared with omeprazole/placebo (intention-to-treat 95.8% vs. 53.8%, 95% CI for RR: 1.1-3.5, P = 0.01). All patients (n = 5) who received crossover triple therapy, showed healing of lymphocytic gastritis after further 12 months. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that 1-week triple therapy aiming at eradication of H. pylori leads to a complete and long-lasting resolution of lymphocytic gastritis in the majority of patients.     

枸橼酸铋雷尼替丁为基础治疗萎缩性胃炎患者Hp的疗效观察

目的应用枸橼酸铋雷尼替丁(RBC)与克拉霉素+阿莫西林三联7d疗法根除幽门螺杆菌(Hp),评估以RBC为基础的三联方案的疗效。方法萎缩性胃炎120例随机分为R组和O组,每组60例,R组为RBC 350 mg+克拉霉素0.5 g+阿莫西林1 g,2次/d,口服;O组为奥美拉唑(OME)20 mg+克拉霉素0.5 g+阿莫西林1 g,2次/d,口服,疗程均为7 d。停药28 d后检查14C尿素呼气试验,如阴性表示根除成功,观察两组Hp阴转率。结果两组Hp阴转率分别为83.02%和71.15%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 R组根除萎缩性胃炎患者Hp感染,其Hp阴转率与O组相当。     

含利福布汀的三联或四联疗法在幽门螺杆菌根除失败后的应用

根除幽门螺杆菌(Hp)是防治消化性溃疡、慢性活动性胃炎等疾病的主要措施,作为一线治疗的三联或四联方案的根除率逐年降低。抗分枝杆菌药物利福布汀有较强的抗Hp活性,国内外陆续有将含利福布汀方案作为Hp感染一线治疗失败后的补救或三/四线方案的报道。本文对利福布汀的作用机制、药动学特点及含利福布汀方案的疗效和安全性作一综述。     

Duodenal ulcer relapse after eradication of Helicobacter pylori

Thirty-six patients with healed duodenal ulcers, 27 infected with Helicobacter pylori and nine uninfected, were followed for up to 12 months to determine the rate of ulcer relapse. Eight patients withdrew over the follow up period. At one year, 15 of 20 (75%) infected patients and one of eight (13%) uninfected patients had relapsed, p less than 0.05. Eradication of H pylori favourably influences the natural history of duodenal ulcer recurrence. Significant patient morbidity may be prevented by using measures to eradicate H pylori during or after duodenal ulcer healing.     

Long-term follow-up in atrophic body gastritis patients: atrophy and intestinal metaplasia are persistent lesions irrespective of Helicobacter pylori infection

BACKGROUND: Long-term outcome of atrophic body gastritis has not yet been defined. AIM: To investigate at long-term follow-up the behaviour of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia and the occurrence of neoplastic lesions in atrophic body gastritis patients. METHODS: Overall 106 atrophic body gastritis patients with > or = 4-year follow-up were studied; 38 were Helicobacter pylori-positive at histology + serology and cured of infection (group A), 36 were positive at serology and not treated (group B) and 32 were H. pylori-negative (group C). Patients underwent gastroscopy with antral (n = 3) and body (n = 3) biopsies for histology according to the Sydney System. RESULTS: At 6.7-year follow-up body atrophy and intestinal metaplasia remained unchanged in all 106 patients irrespective of H. pylori status. Antral atrophy was significantly increased at follow-up only in group C, whereas antral intestinal metaplasia was unchanged in all three groups. During follow-up eight (8%) patients developed neoplastic lesions (one adenocarcinoma, one adenoma with low-grade dysplasia and six low-grade dysplasia without endoscopic lesions). Antral atrophic gastritis was present at baseline in all but one (88%) of the eight patients with neoplastic lesions, but only in 15 (15%) of the 98 patients without (P < 0.0001, RR = 26.7). CONCLUSIONS: Atrophy and intestinal metaplasia persist at 6.7-year follow-up and atrophic body gastritis patients with panatrophic gastritis are at increased risk of developing neoplastic lesions.     

Meta-analysis: Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment efficacy in children

BACKGROUND: Several meta-analyses assessing the efficacy of anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment in adults have been published but a comparable meta-analysis in children is lacking. AIMS: To summarize the efficacy of treatments aimed at eradicating H. pylori in children and to identify sources of variation in treatment efficacy across studies. METHODS: We searched Medline, reference lists from published study reports, and conference proceedings for anti-H. pylori treatment trials in children. Weighted meta-regression models were used to find sources of variation in efficacy. RESULTS: Eighty studies (127 treatment arms) with 4436 children were included. Overall, methodological quality of these studies was poor with small sample sizes and few randomized-controlled trials. The efficacy of therapies varied across treatment arms, treatment duration, method of post-treatment assessment and geographic location. Among the regimens tested, 2-6 weeks of nitroimidazole and amoxicillin, 1-2 weeks of clarithromycin, amoxicillin and a proton pump inhibitor, and 2 weeks of a macrolide, a nitroimidazole and a proton pump inhibitor or bismuth, amoxicillin and metronidazole were the most efficacious in developed countries. CONCLUSIONS: Before worldwide treatment recommendations are given for eradication of H. pylori, additional well-designed randomized placebo-controlled paediatric trials are needed, especially in developing countries where both drug resistance and disease burden is high.     

胃镜下微波联合幽门螺杆菌根除治疗成熟型疣状胃炎63例

目的探讨胃镜下微波联合幽门螺杆菌（Hp）根除治疗成熟型疣状胃炎（VG）的疗效。方法经胃镜诊断且Hp阳性的63例成熟型VG患者在胃镜下对疣状病变行微波治疗,术后给予Hp根除治疗。疗程结束后4周检测Hp的根除率、以及4周和6个月时疣状病变的治愈率。结果疗程结束4周后Hp根除率为90.48%,4周后成熟型疣状隆起的治愈率93.65%,6个月后成熟型疣状隆起的治愈率为87.3%。结论胃镜下微波联合Hp根除治疗成熟型疣状胃炎疗效显著。     

Alternative and rescue treatment regimens for Helicobacter pylori eradication

Eradication therapy has been incorporated into clinical practice. The regimens currently recommended for first-line treatment include a 2-week bismuth-based triple therapy (mainly in developing countries), a 1 - 2 week proton pump inhibitor (PPI)-based triple therapy and a 1-week ranitidine bismuth citrate (RBC)-based triple therapy. However, these regimens fail to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in up to 20% of patients due to poor compliance, inadequate treatment duration, smoking, old age and bacterial resistance to nitroimidazoles and/or macrolides in particular. Therefore, alternative regimens that avoid nitroimidazoles and/or macrolides or overcome bacterial resistance to these drugs, improve compliance, minimise side effects and/or reduce costs have been evaluated. One-week quadruple therapy, which adds a PPI or histamine receptor 2-blocker to bismuth-based triple therapy, usually achieves an eradication rate of 90% when used as an alternative first-line therapy but the efficacy decreases when used as a rescue therapy. Several new triple therapies that may be used as alternative and/or rescue therapies have been evaluated. Among these are furazolidone-based (furazolidone plus an antibiotic and a bismuth salt, a PPI or RBC), fluoroquinolone-based (levofloxacin or moxifloxacin plus an antibiotic and a PPI) and ecabet sodium-based (ecabet plus two antibiotics) triple therapies. Recently, rifabutin has been used in combination with a PPI and amoxycillin as a rescue therapy, with satisfactory eradication rates. In addition, a number of new antimicrobial agents are currently under investigation in in vitro studies but the clinical values of these agents needs to be confirmed.     

Rabeprazole-based therapy in Helicobacter pylori eradication

Rabeprazole's favourable pharmacodynamic profile is a result of its rapid onset and its 24-h control of gastric parietal secretion. These qualities, and its antimicrobial properties, make it particularly effective in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ), which is a short course of treatment compared to other conditions treated with proton pump inhibitors. Recently completed trials in combination with amoxicillin, clarithromycin and metronidazole for 7 days achieved high eradication of H. pylori . An additional study assessing the efficacy of combined rabeprazole and antibiotic treatments of 3, 7, and 10 days' duration vs. FDA-approved 10-day omeprazole triple therapy is under way to address the possibility of shorter duration therapies in the USA.