胃食管反流病患者酸反流与食管运动功能障碍的关系

背景：异常酸反流和食管运动功能障碍与胃食管反流病（GERD）密切相关。目的：研究GERD患者的食管运动和酸反流与食管黏膜损害的关系，以及两者之间的相关性。方法：选取有反酸、烧心、胸痛等典型胃食管反流症状的患者72例行上消化道内镜检查、食管测压和24hpH监测。根据pH〈4总时间百分比〈4．5％且DeMeester计分〈14．7的标准。将食管炎患者分为生理性酸反流组（pH^-组）和病理性酸反流组（pH^＋组）。结果：内镜下食管炎组24hpH监测各项指标较无食管炎组显著增高（P〈0．05），病理性酸反流的发生率显著高于无食管炎组（P〈0．01）。两组食管测压各项指标无显著差异，食管炎组pH^＋者的食管下括约肌压力（LESP）较pH^-者显著降低，食管体部蠕动波传导速度减慢，湿咽成功率减少（P〈0．05）。结论：GERD患者食管炎的发生与酸反流密切相关，有病理性酸反流的GERD患者易见食管运动功能障碍。     

Barrett's食管、糜烂性食管炎及非糜烂性反流病发生机制的比较

目的:比较糜烂性食管炎(EE)、非糜烂性反流病(NERD)及Barrett's食管(BE)患者反流发生特点,探讨不同类型GERD的可能发病机制.方法:105例GERD患者根据胃镜及病理情况分为:EE组(35例)、BE组(34例)及NERD组(36例),对照组30例为健康志愿者.比较4组受检者食管测压与24 h食管pHT及胆汁反流同步监测结果的差异.结果:与对照组相比,GERD各组LES静息压均有不同程度减低,以EE组最明显(P<0.05).EE与BE组患者远段食管收缩波幅及有效蠕动百分比明显低于NERD组与对照组(均P<0.05).DeMeester评分等酸反流指标在EE组最高.BE组Abs>0.14时间百分比等长时间胆汁反流指标最高.NERD患者中仅52.8%存在病理性反流.各组中混合反流类型占各组病理性反流总人数的比例分别为68.57%(EE组)、84.38%(BE组)及63.15%(NERD组).结论:胃酸与胆汁的混合反流是GERD患者中最常见病理性反流类型,且对食管黏膜的损害较单纯酸或胆汁反流为重,胆汁反流在BE的发病机制中占有重要地位.     

无效食管运动与胃食管反流病关系的探讨

目的 探讨无效食管运动(IEM)与胃食管反流病(GERD)的关系.方法 对90例GERD全部进行胃镜检查并做食管压力测定和24h食管动态pH监测,其中反流性食管炎(RE)组62例,非糜烂性反流病(NERD)组28例.研究IEM与食管酸暴露及RE的关系.结果 RE组中确诊IEM 30例(48.4％)明显高于NERD组6例(21.4％)(P＜0.05).36例IEM患者33例(91.7％)食管酸暴露阳性,高于食管动力正常患者( 28/49,57.2％)(P＜0.01);远端食管pH ＜4总反流时间、卧位反流时间百分比、＞5 min长反流周期数、最长反流时间、DeMeester评分IEM者明显高于食管动力正常者(P＜0.01),反流周期数前者明显高于后者(P＜0.05).结论 IEM在GERD中较常见,其食管动力障碍中绝大多数为IEM,IEM与食管远端酸暴露及RE密切相关.     

食管体部动力异常在胃食管反流病中的作用

背景:食管酸暴露增加在胃食管反流病(GERD)的发病中起重要作用。食管体部蠕动不完全或缺乏可造成食管清除功能障碍。目的:评估食管体部动力异常,包括非特异性食管动力紊乱(NEMD)和无效食管收缩(IEM)在GERD患者中的发生率,以及NEMD和IEM与胃食管酸反流和内镜下食管炎的关系,以探讨它们在GERD中的作用。方法:对116例GERD患者行标准食管测压和24h食管pH监测,其中75例患者行内镜检查。结果:98例(84.5%)GERD患者存在食管体部动力异常,其中77例为NEMD,NEMD中8例符合IEM的诊断标准。合并NEMD或IEM的GERD患者的pH<4总时间百分比显著高于食管动力正常患者(8.0%±9.3%和15.7%±13.5%对3.0%±4.7%,P<0.05);立位和卧位pH<4时间百分比亦显著高于食管动力正常患者(立位:8.8%±11.1%和17.4%±21.0%对3.6%±4.1%,P<0.01;卧位:7.0%±10.4%和16.1%±12.2%对2.3%±6.7%,P<0.05)。合并IEM的GERD患者总食管酸清除(EAC)时间和立位EAC时间较食管动力正常患者显著延长(总EAC时间:1.89min/反流±1.82min/反流对0.66min/反流±0.58min/反流,P<0.05;立位EAC时间:1.96min/反流±1.96min/反流对0.59min/反流±0.48min/反流,P<0.05)。75例行内镜检查的GERD患者中,合并NEMD和IEM的患者与食管动力正常患者的内镜下食管炎发生率无显著差异     

无效食管动力对伴呼吸道症状胃食管反流病发病机制及临床意义的研究

目的 观察伴有呼吸道症状的胃食管反流病(GERD)患者食管动力异常的类型及发生率,探讨无效食管动力(IEM)在其发病机制中的作用及临床意义.方法 应用多功能胃肠动力仪对首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院2005年1月至2007年1月收治的34例伴有哮喘、慢性咳嗽和咽喉部不适等呼吸道症状的GERD患者进行食管压力测定及24h食管动态pH监测,测定下食管括约肌(LES)压力、食管体部蠕动波幅、蠕动时限及蠕动速度,计算pH＜4的时间百分比,卧位及立位pH＜4的时间百分比,平均食管酸清除时间(pH＜4的时间/酸反流次数),算出DeMeester评分.结果 伴有呼吸道症状GERD组LES压力及食管近端、远端蠕动波幅与典型反流症状GERD组及正常对照组比差异无统计学意义;伴有呼吸道症状CERD组的食管动力异常类型主要表现为IEM,IEM发生率为41.2%,明显高于典型反流症状GERD组(18.5%)及正常对照组(0);在伴有呼吸道症状GERD患者中,存在IEM组患者食管pH＜4的总时间百分比及立、卧位食管pH＜4的时间百分比均明显高于食管动力正常组;IEM组患者卧位食管酸清除时间(pH＜4的时间/酸反流次数)较食管动力正常组明显延长.结论 在伴有呼吸道症状GERD患者中,IEM是其最常见的动力异常类型;IEM与食管内酸暴露总时间及立、卧位时间,卧位食管酸清除时间均密切相关,因此,IEM在伴有呼吸道症状GERD患者的发病机制中起重要作用.     

伴特发性肺纤维化的胃食管反流病患者夜间酸暴露特点

背景:胃食管反流是特发性肺纤维化(IPF)发生的危险因素之一,夜间反流在胃食管反流病(GERD)食管外表现中起重要作用。目的:研究伴IPF的GERD患者夜间食管酸暴露的特点。方法:选取2006年12月～2008年1月北京朝阳医院收治的16例IPF-GERD患者、32例GERD患者和16例健康志愿者(非GERD)。各组患者行24 h食管pH监测,对夜间8 h内(10pm-6am)的酸暴露程度,包括pH4的时间百分比、酸清除时间、反流次数、长反流(5 min)次数、最长反流时间等指标进行分析。结果:14例(87.5%)IPF-GERD患者存在夜间酸暴露,其程度高于非GERD组(P0.05),而与GERD患者无明显差异(P0.05)。IPF-GERD组患者前半夜pH4的时间百分比显著高于后半夜(12.2%±3.9%对1.1%±0.5%,P0.05),GERD组两者无明显差异(10.8%±2.7%对5.1%±1.8%,P0.05)。结论:大部分IPF-GERD患者存在夜间酸暴露,其主要发生于前半夜。     

Barrett食管、糜烂性食管炎和非糜烂性反流病食管酸暴露及食管动力学分析

目的分析胃食管反流病(GERD)三种亚型Barrett食管(BE)、糜烂性食管炎(EE)和非糜烂性反流病(NERD)患者食管24 h pH监测与高分辨率食管测压结果,探讨不同亚型胃食管反流病食管酸暴露及动力学变化特点。 方法收集2015年12月至2017年12月,新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院接受住院治疗的90例GERD患者的临床资料,其中BE组28例、EE组35例、NERD组27例,通过食管24 h pH监测结果评价患食管酸暴露及反流特点,高分辨率食管测压检查评价食管动力学特点。 结果3组患者年龄及身体质量指数(BMI)等一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);EE组患者24 h食管pH监测中pH≤4(酸反流)、40.05);3组Demeester评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);LES长度3组无明显差异,BE组LES静息压及残余压较EE组和NERD组稍高,但差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);3组在食管远端收缩积分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论食管测酸检查在GERD临床亚型的鉴别方面并无显著差别;Barrett食管、糜烂性食管炎、非糜烂性反流病均存在抗反流屏障功能减退,但不同程度的食管粘膜损伤对食管动力学的影响并无差异。     

胃食管反流病伴或不伴食管损伤与食管动力及酸反流之间的关系

目的 研究胃食管反流病(GERD)患者伴或不伴食管损伤与食管动力和酸反流之间的相关性.方法 对符合GERD诊断标准的25例受试者行胃镜检查,随后进行高分辨率食管测压检查,并检测进食标准试验餐后的动态食管pH值变化.比较伴或不伴食管损伤组患者之间的食管动力和餐后食管酸反流时间的差异.同时按DeMeester评分将受试者分为非酸反流组和酸反流组,比较两组食管动力学指标的变化.统计学处理采用t检验和秩和检验.结果 伴或不伴食管损伤组之间下食管括约肌(LES)压力基础值、LES压力残余平均值、食管蠕动传播速度、食管pH＜4的时间和DeMeester评分均差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05),但是伴食管损伤组的食管收缩幅度明显弱于不伴食管损伤组(31.9 mm Hg比64.2 mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa;Z=-2.37,P=0.02).酸反流组和非酸反流组之间LES压力基础值、LES压力残余平均值、食管蠕动传播速度差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05),但酸反流组的食管收缩幅度明显弱于非酸反流组(36.4 mm Hg比71.8mm Hg;Z=2.25,P=0.02).结论 GERD患者LES压力及食管酸反流与食管损伤之间无显著关系,食管蠕动性收缩功能可能与食管损伤及酸反流有关.     

无效食管运动在胃食管反流病中发病作用的观察

目的　探讨食管无效收缩 (IEM)在胃食管反流病 (GERD)的发病作用。方法　对GERD病人行食管测压和 2 4h食管pH监测 ,分析IEM在GERD的发生率以及比较IEM与食管酸暴露、酸清除和食管炎的关系。结果　 86例GERD病人中 5 9例 (6 8 6 % )存在非特异性食管动力障碍 (NEMD) ;其中 5 5例 (占 93 2 % )符合IEM诊断标准 ;GERD病的IEM发生率为 6 3 95 %。IEM的GERD患者总的pH <4时间 (% ) (5 91)及立位 (4 4 3)和卧位 (6 92 )pH <4时间 (% )显著大于食管正常蠕动的GERD患者 (分别为 3 16 ,1.6 1,和 4 31) ,尤以卧位明显 (P <0 0 1)。IEM患者平均卧位食管酸清除时间 (EAC)为每次 12 6 3min ,显著长于正常食管动力GERD患者的每次 3 15min(P<0 0 1) ,而立位EAC则与正常食管动力组无差异。 2 7例正常食管动力GERD有 10例 (37% )有糜烂性食管炎 ;5 5例IEM患者有 19例 (35 % )有食管炎 ,二组间食管炎发生比例差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　GERD病的食管动力障碍大多数系IEM。IEM比正常食管动力患者更易发生反流和存在食管酸清除障碍。IEM是GERD病的主要异常表现。     

轻度反流性食管炎与非糜烂性反流病远端食管酸暴露和食管动力学变化

目的:探讨轻度反流性食管炎(RE)与非糜烂性反流病(NERD)食管远端酸暴露及食管动力变化特点.方法:符合洛杉矶诊断标准的RE30例(LA-A16例,LA-B14例),NERD16例,健康对照组10例被纳入本研究,所有患者及对照组均接受24h食管pH监测及压力测定,比较食管pH监测及测压结果.结果:LA-A组、LA-B组、NERD组DeMeester评分明显高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05).LA-A组与NERD组比较DeMeester评分无明显差异,但NERD组的立位反流时间百分比与长反流周期数多于LA-A组,差异显著;LA-B组DeMeester评分比LA-A组和NERD组明显增高,LA-B组与LA-A组比较食管pH监测各项指标均存在明显差异.LA-A组、NERD组及对照组比较下食管括约肌静息压(LESP)、食管体部蠕动波幅度(PA)无显著差异,LA-A组和NERD组食管下段PA有增高趋势;LA-B组与LA-A组、NERD组及对照组比较LESP明显降低(P<0.05),LA-B组食管下段PA明显低于LA-A组(P<0.05).RE组无效食管运动(IEM)明显高于对照组,差异显著.结论:轻度RE(LA-B)与NERD远端食管酸暴露存在差异.DeMeester评分、LES功能不全及食管蠕动功能障碍与RE的严重程度呈正相关.LES功能不全及食管蠕动功能障碍可能不是轻度RE(LA-A)及NERD的主要致病因素.IEM与RE关系密切,且与RE有关的食管动力异常主要为IEM.     

Symptom Predictability of Reflux-Induced Respiratory Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) often is associated with pulmonary problems such as asthma as well as recurrent and nocturnal cough. Dual-probe 24-hr pH monitoring may assist in establishing a correlation between these symptoms and GERD-related symptoms. To determine if any specific symptom was predictive of aspiration, this study was undertaken. Ambulatory dual-probe esophageal pH monitoring was performed on 133 patients who had upper airway and additional symptoms for GERD. All patients had esophageal manometric studies of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the upper esophageal sphincter (UES), and the esophageal body before dual-probe pH monitoring was performed. Using two assembled glass probes, the distal and the proximal sensors were placed 5 cm above the proximal border of the LES and 1 cm below the lower border of the UES, respectively. Patients were classified into three groups: proximal and distal probe positive (group I), proximal probe negative and distal probe positive (group II) and proximal and distal probe negative (Group III) Upper airway and additional symptoms plus manometry results of the LES, body and UES study were compared between groups. In addition, positive distal probe patients (groups I and II) were compared for distal fraction of time at pH < 4 and number of reflux episodes at each probe position. A positive distal probe result was defined as an abnormal DeMeester score (>14.8). A proximal probe test result was considered positive if percent time pH < 4.0 was >1.1 for total, 1.7 for upright, and 0.6 for supine positions. The ages of the subjects ranged from 18 to 83 years (mean age: 50.5 ± 1.5 years). Groups I, II, and III included 16 patients, 38 patients, and 79 patients, respectively. Group I had a significantly higher incidence of nocturnal cough than the other two groups. (P < 0.05). The manometric data revealed between groups that LES pressure (LESP) for groups I and II was significantly lower than LESP for group III (P = 0.003). Cricoid pressure, pharyngeal pressure, length, and relaxation of UES were not different between groups. Fraction of reflux time for group I was significantly higher than for group II in the supine position and at mealtime (P < 0.05). The number of reflux episodes for group I was significantly higher at meal time (P < 0.01). In conclusion, nocturnal cough is strongly predictive of proximal esophageal reflux. Proximal reflux episodes are significantly more frequent in the supine position and correlate well with the high predictive value of nocturnal cough.     

Lower esophageal sphincter pressure in patients with gastroesophageal reflux diseases and posture and time patterns

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is caused predominantly by lower esophageal sphincter insufficiency. Reports suggest that it is possible to distinguish between two main mechanisms causing reflux: low basal sphincter pressure leading to free reflux, mostly occurring at night in the supine position, and increased transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations with normal or increased resting pressure leading to reflux during the day in an upright position. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP)-- s determined by stationary pull-through manometry--was compared to profiles of acidic reflux measured by 24-h pH monitoring in 207 patients with proven gastroesophageal reflux disease. Differences in LESP were not significant among patients with reflux predominantly during the day in an upright position and those with reflux predominantly at night in a supine position (16.1 +/- 7.4 mmHg versus 15.1 +/- 7.8 mmHg; t-test: P = 0.355). For both patterns of LESP, there was a slight negative correlation with the amount of acidic reflux (determined as a percentage of time with pH < 4). Pearson correlation coefficients were -0.196 for upright refluxers and -0.137 for bipositional/supine refluxers (P = 0.006 and P = 0.049, respectively). As there are no differences in LESP with regard to posture or time patterns of acidic reflux it seems unlikely that upright reflux is associated with increased LESP, whereas supine reflux manifests due to a hypotensive LESP. Alternatively, it may be concluded that stationary pull-through manometry is inadequate for determining the cause of gastroesophageal reflux disease and is therefore of limited use in its routine diagnosis.     

Comparison of esophageal acid exposure distribution along the esophagus among the different gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) groups

BACKGROUND: Patients with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) have the lowest esophageal acid exposure profile compared with the other gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) groups. AIM: To compare lower esophageal acid exposure recordings 1 cm above the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) with those 6 cm above the LES as well as to determine the characteristics of esophageal acid exposure along the esophagus among the different GERD groups. METHODS: Patients with classic heartburn symptoms were enrolled into the study. Patients were evaluated by a demographics questionnaire and the validated GERD Symptom Checklist. Upper endoscopy was performed to evaluate the presence of esophageal erosions and Barrett's esophagus (BE). Ambulatory pH testing was performed using a commercially available 4-sensor pH probe with sensors located 5 cm apart. The distal sensor was placed 1 cm above the LES. RESULTS: Sixty-four patients completed the study. Of those, 21 patients had NERD, 20 had erosive esophagitis (EE), and 23 had BE. All patient groups demonstrated greater esophageal acid exposure 1 cm above the LES than 6 cm above the LES. In NERD and EE, this phenomenon was primarily a result of a higher mean percentage of upright time with pH <4. Unlike patients with EE and BE, those with NERD had very little variation in esophageal acid exposure throughout the esophagus (total and supine). CONCLUSIONS: ALL GERD groups demonstrated significant greater esophageal acid exposure at the very distal portion of the esophagus, primarily as a result of short upright reflux events. Unlike erosive esophagitis and BE, NERD patients demonstrate a more homogenous acid distribution along the esophagus.     

滑动型食管裂孔疝伴反流性食管炎患者的食管动力学研究

目的：探讨滑动型食管裂孔疝（HH）伴反流性食管炎患者的食管动力学改变。方法：30例经胃镜检查确诊的HH患者,根据食管炎程度分为HH1（食管炎A－B组,n=18)和HH2组（食管炎C－D级,n=12),行食管钡餐检查证实为滑动型HH。在X线透视下观察食管粘膜增粗、狭窄、痉挛等形态学改变及反流与廓清方式,同时监测24h食管pH、食管下括约肌（LES）压力以及反流期间食管蠕动的频率、幅度等情况。结果：30例HH患者X线透视下均有食管粘膜增粗,反流以抽吸型为主（80．0％）,廓清以被动廓清为主（36．7％）。24h食管pH监测中,HH组患者的总反流时间、卧位和立位反流时间百分比均显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）,但HH1和HH2组间无显著差异;HH组患者的LES静息压力显著低于对照组（P＜0．05）,LES长度组间无明显差异。HH组患者反流期间的食管体部蠕动频率和幅度均较对照组低,新时期明显延长,HH2组患者的顺行性蠕动百分比亦较对照组明显降低（P＜0．05）。结论：HH患者以抽吸型反流和被动廓清为主。食管酸暴露程度与食管炎严重并无关。LES静息压降低、反流期间食管蠕动频率、幅度降低和间期延长可能在滑动型HH的发病中起重要作用。     

胃镜阀瓣分级在胃食管反流病中的意义

目的探讨胃镜阀瓣(Hill)分级在胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)患者检查中的意义。方法收集2015年10月至2019年5月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院消化内科,诊断为GERD且完成食管高分辨测压(HRM)、24 h pH-阻抗监测及胃镜检查的患者527例。分析胃镜阀瓣Hill分级与患者年龄、性别、BMI、HRM、24 h pH-阻抗监测及反流性食管炎洛杉矶(Los Angeles,LA)分级的关系。结果胃镜阀瓣Hill分级与GERD患者年龄、性别(男)、BMI呈正相关(P<0.05);Hill分级与远端收缩构成(distal contractile integral,DCI)、食管下括约肌平均静息压(lower esophageal sphincter pressure,LESP)呈负相关(P<0.05);Hill分级与DeMeester评分、AET4、直立酸反流评分、仰卧位酸反流评分、仰卧位混合反流评分呈正相关(P<0.05)。Hill分级与反流性食管炎LA分级呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论胃镜阀瓣Hill分级在预测GERD患者反流性食管炎严重程度、食管动力受损程度及有无病理性酸反流均有一定意义。     

以慢性咳嗽为主要表现的胃食管反流病患者的食管功能及反流特点

目的 通过对以慢性咳嗽为主要表现的胃食管反流病(GERD)患者行高分辨食管内压力-阻抗联合测定(MII-HRM)及24h联合多通道腔内阻抗-pH( MII-pH)监测的结果分析,探讨此类患者食管运动功能及胃食管反流的特点.方法 选取2010年3-11月在首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院就诊的19例GERD伴慢性咳嗽患者为研究对象.应用MII-HRM及24 h MII-pH监测系统测定上食管括约肌(UES)和下食管括约肌压力、食管体部蠕动功能、对液体和黏液性物质的传输功能、立位及卧位酸及非酸反流的次数、近端反流的次数、酸暴露时间、酸清除时间以及食团清除时间.以同期仅表现为典型胃食管反流症状的17例GERD患者作为对照,比较两组间食管运动功能以及胃食管反流参数的差异.结果 与仅表现为典型胃食管反流症状的GERD患者相比,以慢性咳嗽为主要表现的GERD患者的UES静息压力明显更低[(122.55 ±60.48)mm Hg比(86.37±41.35) mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),P＜0.05],食管体部异常蠕动的比例更高[(9.47±15.63)％比(22.16±17.45)％,P＜0.05],食管体部对液体物质传输能力减低[(88.82±12.23)％比(71.68±23.06)％,P＜0.05],卧位时酸及非酸反流次数及卧位近端非酸反流次数明显增多(P＜0.05),卧位食团清除时间延长(P＜0.05).结论 以慢性咳嗽为主要表现的GERD发病机制可能与单纯典型GERD不同,其与UES静息压力减低、卧位酸及非酸反流、近端反流的增多以及食管清除功能障碍密切相关.     

Upright versus supine reflux in gastroesophageal reflux disease

BACKGROUND: Postural measures are early recommendations in the management of heartburn, and are aimed at preventing acid reflux through an incompetent lower esophageal sphincter (LES). However, LES incompetence is found in only a minority of patients, and transient LES relaxations, primarily in the upright position, are currently recognized as the main pathophysiological abnormality in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We investigated the importance of supine acid reflux in patients with GERD. METHODS: Upon review of their clinical, manometric, pH monitoring and endoscopic characteristics, 85 patients with reflux symptoms were classified into three groups: Group A (n=22), consisting of symptomatic patients without esophagitis or pathological reflux; group B (n=38), symptomatic patients with reflux but no endoscopic esophagitis; and group C (n=25), symptomatic patients with both ulcerative or complicated esophagitis and pathological reflux. RESULTS: All groups were similar in age distribution. Groups B and C had a higher prevalence of hiatal hernia and reflux symptoms. Manometry revealed similar LES pressures in groups A and B, but lower LES pressure in group C (P < 0.005). In groups A and B, supine reflux, in terms of percentage of time with pH < 4, was less pronounced than upright reflux (P < 0.0001). In contrast, group C supine reflux was as pronounced as the upright reflux. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients reflux in the upright position. Only patients with complicated esophagitis have significant bipositional acid reflux. These findings suggest that unless the patient has severe reflux disease, postural measures may not be indicated.     

不同体位高分辨率食管测压检测下食管括约肌静息压的比较分析

目的 了解不同体位对临床高分辨率食管测压检测下食管括约肌静息压力（LESP）结果的影响.方法 对临床有检查适应证的40例患者行高分辨率测压（HRM）,按照性别、年龄、疾病进行分组比较,分析坐位及平卧位LESP的差异.结果 受检患者下食管括约肌（LES）上缘及下缘距鼻孔平均距离为（42.8±3.3）cm和（45.6±3.7）cm,LES长度为（2.8±0.8）cm.根据受检患者身高分组,组间食管括约肌位置及长度比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.不同性别患者其平卧位及坐位LESP差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.随着年龄的增加,LESP逐渐降低,但体位对其无明显影响.反流性食管炎患者平卧位LESP为（9.38 ±2.95） mmHg,坐位LESP为（11.35±4.09） mmHg,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;贲门失迟缓症患者平卧位LESP为（46.40±1.13） mmHg,坐位LESP为（43.78±2.38） mmHg,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.非糜烂性胃食管反流病（NERD）及无明确食管疾病患者不同体位LESP比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 临床中应根据患者症状采用不同体位进行检查,以增加疾病诊断的敏感性.     

反流性食管炎和非糜烂性反流病患者酸暴露与食管压力监测结果分析

目的通过对胃食管反流病（GERD）患者的酸暴露情况、食管下括约肌（LES）压力、食管体部压力、幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染结果的比较，探讨反流性食管炎（RE）、非糜烂性反流病（NERD）的不同状况，为临床治疗提供科学依据。方法2001年10月至2005年7月，具有反流症状（烧心、反酸）的患者80例，胃镜检出RE31例，NERD45例，Barrett食管（BE）4例。行食管24hpH动态监测，并以De—Meester积分均值将GERD分为轻、中、重度，检测LES、食管体部即LES上方5cm、7cm、13cm（简记为L5、L7、L12）和食管上括约肌（UES）下方1cm、6cm、8cm（简记为U1、U6、U8）压力指标，并进行Hp感染的检查。结果RE、NERD两组患者食管24hpH酸暴露各指标的差异，无统计学意义（P〉0．05），De-Meester积分均值亦无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；轻、中、重度GERD患者食管24hpH监测指标具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。RE、NERD两组患者LES压力、食管体部的L5、L7、L12、U6和u8压力监测指标无统计学意义（P〉0．05），只有RE组U1压力低于NERD组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；轻、中、重度GERD患者LES压力和食管体部的压力监测指标差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。RE和NERD组患者Hp感染率分别为16．1％和22．2％，其差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），OR为1．309，95％C10．364～4．705。结论RE和NERD患者酸暴露、LES压力和食管体部压力等相应指标无明显差异；NERD在发病机制中，酸反流的强弱没有起到决定性作用。