遍地金提取物对大鼠脑突触体[3H]-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制作用

目的 :研究遍地金提取物对大鼠脑突触体去甲肾上腺素重摄取的抑制作用。方法 :采用大鼠下丘脑细胞研究遍地金提取物对 [3H]标记的去甲肾上腺素重摄取的影响。结果 :遍地金提取物 0 .76mg·mL- 1 与St.John’sWort 0 .87mg·mL- 1 抑制率相当 (抑制率为 5 3 % ) ,前者的IC50 为 7.5 0 μg·mL- 1 ,后者的IC50 为 19.41μg·mL- 1 。结论 :遍地金提取物在 0 .76～ 2 4.3 3mg·mL- 1 浓度范围内可抑制大鼠下丘脑组织对去甲肾上腺素重摄取。     

遍地金提取物对大鼠脑突触体单胺氧化酶抑制作用

目的 评价遍地金提取物对大鼠脑突触体单胺氧化酶的抑制作用。方法 通过大鼠脑突触体单胺氧化酶的抑制实验，测定其重摄取量cmp及抑制百分率。结果 遍地金提取物浓度为48．66mg／ml时取得最大抑制百分率96．87％，St．John’s Wort提取物浓度为11．44mg／ml时取得最大抑制百分率99．74％。结论 遍地金提取物与抗抑郁药物St．John‘s Wort均能抑制大鼠脑突触体单胺氧化酶的活性，二者差异无统计学意义。     

遍地金对大鼠脑突触体[3H]—5羟色胺重摄取抑制试验

目的 检测金丝桃属植物遍地金提取物对大鼠脑突触体5-羟色胺重摄取功能的抑制作用及其可作为抗抑郁药的潜在价值。方法 采用液闪仪测定[3H]标记的5-羟色胺与大鼠下丘脑组织悬液混合孵化后的CPM值作为重摄取量的评价指标。结果 遍地金提取物及St．John’s Wort提取物抑制5-羟色胺重摄取IC50分别为376．3μg／ml和515．18μg／ml。结论 遍地金提取物与st．John’s Wort提取物均对大鼠脑突触体5-羟色胺的重摄取有明显的抑制作用。     

遍地金的生药学鉴定、化学成分和药理活性研究概况

目的:为遍地金的进一步研究与开发利用提供参考。方法:以"遍地金""生药学鉴定""化学成分""药理活性""Hypericum wightianum""Hyperium elodeoides""Chemical composition""Chemical constituents""Pharmacologic actions"等为关键词,在中国知网、万方、维普、百链外文数据库检索平台、PubMed、EBSCO等数据库中组合查询2000年-2018年8月发表的相关文献,对遍地金的生药学鉴定、化学成分、药理活性方面的研究进行归纳和总结。结果与结论:共检索到相关文献68篇,其中有效文献45篇。目前有关遍地金的生药学鉴定的研究主要集中在其分泌结构的形态特征、显微构造及类型鉴定和特征性差热图谱、近红外漫反射图谱及高效液相指纹图谱鉴定上。从遍地金及挺茎遍地金植物全草或地上部分中分离、鉴定或检测到的化学成分主要有间苯三酚类、萘骈二蒽酮类、黄酮类、呫吨酮类、异戊烯基苯甲酮类以及挥发性化学成分等。遍地金具有抗抑郁、抗菌、抗肿瘤等药理活性,但其研究主要集中在抗抑郁方面。目前,国内外有关遍地金的研究较少,药学基础理论薄弱。今后有必要进行系统而深入的研究,包括加强药效物质基础研究,尤其是抗抑郁和抗肿瘤活性成分研究;加强药理活性机制研究,尤其是抗抑郁和抗肿瘤活性机制研究;加强萘骈二蒽酮类化合物和异戊烯基苯甲酮类化合物抗病毒药理活性研究;加强对主要活性成分间苯三酚类、萘骈二蒽酮类及挥发性化学成分的分离、鉴定及发现新化合物的研究;加强对鉴定方法与药材质量标准研究。     

中药预知子乙醇提取物抗抑郁作用的实验研究

目的：N-究预知子乙醇提取物的抗抑郁作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法：采用小鼠悬尾实验、强迫游泳实验,抑制单胺重摄取作用实验等动物模型来考察预知子乙醇提取物抗抑郁作用及其作用机制。结果：预知子乙醇提取物能够显著缩短小鼠悬尾及强迫游泳不动时间;显著增加多巴胺（DA）致小鼠死亡作用和阿朴吗啡致小鼠刻板运动作用;增加5-羟色胺酸（5-HTP）致甩头作用,但对去甲肾上腺素（NE）重摄取抑制作用不明显。结论：预知子乙醇提取物有抗抑郁活性,与其增强5-HT、DA神经系统作用有关。     

遍地金提取物对大鼠脑纹状体突触体[3H]-多巴胺重摄取抑制试验

目的:评价遍地金提取物对大鼠脑纹状体突触体[3H]-多巴胺重摄取的抑制作用。方法:通过大鼠脑纹状体突触体[3H]-多巴胺重摄取抑制实验,测定其重摄取量cmp及抑制百分率,以评价待试物对多巴胺重摄取的抑制活性。结果:遍地金组平均抑制百分率为65％,IC50=113.25mg·ml-1;St.John's Wort组平均抑制百分率为61％,IC50=28.29mg·ml-1。结论:遍地金提取物与在欧美上市的药物 St.john's Wort均抑制大鼠脑纹状体突触体[3H]-多巴胺重摄取,二者差异无统计学意义。     

绿萼梅提取物对小鼠的抗抑郁作用

目的：观察绿萼梅提取物对小鼠的抗抑郁作用。方法采用悬尾实验（ TFT）、强迫游泳（ FST）等体内药效评价方法观察绿萼梅醇提取物和水提取物对抑郁模型小鼠的治疗作用。结果绿萼梅醇提物能明显缩短小鼠悬尾和强迫游泳不动时间（ P＜0．05）,且对自主活动无影响（ P＞0．05）;而水提物对小鼠悬尾和强迫游泳不动时间无显著影响（ P＞0．05）。结论绿萼梅乙醇提取物具有抗小鼠抑郁作用。     

几种金丝桃属植物甲醇提取物的抗抑郁作用

在西班牙加那利群岛有10种金丝桃属植物。作者研究了其中的 Hypericum ca-nariense L.、H.glandulosum Ait.、H.re-flexum L fil.和 H.grandifolium Chiosy的甲醇提取物对小鼠中枢神经系统(CNS)的影响,以及对抑郁症动物模型的作用。小鼠分别口服这4种植物的甲醇提取物500和1000mg/kg。结果显示,除了 H.re-flexum 提取物在2种剂量时显著增加(约47%)戊巴比妥诱导的睡眠时间外,其余3种植物提取物均无此作用。4种植物的提取物     

天麻醇提取物对小鼠的抗抑郁作用

目的:对天麻乙醇提取物(ethanolic extracts ofGastrodia elata,EEGE)的抗抑郁作用机制进行研究。方法:用药物给小鼠灌胃7d后,观察小鼠在悬尾试验,强迫游泳试验中不动时间的变化情况以及小鼠开野试验中自主活动变化情况。用荧光分光光度法测定小鼠脑组织中海马区和纹状体区单胺递质去甲肾上腺素(NA)、多巴胺(DA)、五羟色胺(5-HT)含量。结果:200,300mg.kg-1EEGE可以明显缩短小鼠在强迫游泳试验、悬尾试验中不动时间,100mg.kg-1的醇提物有降低不动时间的趋势,但效果不明显;300mg.kg-1提取物的效果比阳性对照抗抑郁药氟西汀的作用还强。无论实验剂量的EEGE还是氟西汀对小鼠的自主行为均没有显著的影响。与空白组相比,200、300mg.kg-1EEGE显著提高了海马区NA的浓度;各剂量EEGE均显著降低纹状体中DA的浓度;各剂量EEGE均显著提高纹状体中5-HT的浓度。结论:天麻醇提物对抑郁模型小鼠具有显著的抗抑郁作用。可能与它能改变小鼠脑内海马、纹状体的单胺类神经递质浓度水平有关。     

Note: A New Flavone from Hypericum Wightianum

A new flavone, wightianin (1), along with five known compounds, n-triacontanol (2), betulinic acid (3), oleanolic acid (4), 3,4-O-isopropylidene-shikimic acid (5), and isoquercitrin (6), were isolated from the whole plants of Hypericum wightianum Wall ex Wight et Arn. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data, including 2D NMR techniques.     

Mutagenicity of Hypericum lysimachioides extracts

Hypericum (Hypericaceae) species are extensively used in several fields such as traditional medicine, food and crop protection. Despite its usage in many fields, the identification of the genotoxic potential of this herb is still incomplete. In this study, we evaluated genotoxic effects of the petroleum ether, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extract of Hypericum lysimachioides Boiss. var. lysimachioides by Ames Salmonella/microsome test and SOS chromotest. The mutagenic activity of Hypericum lysimachioides var. lysimachioides extracts was investigated by using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 and also the SOS chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ37 strain, with or without S9 metabolic activation. In this initial report we demonstrated that all extracts of H. lysimachioides var. lysimachioides showed significant mutagenic activity on both strains of Salmonella either with or without S9 mixture. No mutagenicity was found in the SOS chromotest either with or without S9 mixture. These results indicate a significant mutagenicity of the petroleum ether, hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Hypericum lysimachioides var. lysimachioides in vitro. It can be suggested that quercetin and flavonol or their synergistic effects may be main mutagenic agents in the photopharmaceuticals Hypericum lysimachioides var. lysimachioides extract.     

Role of hyperforin in the antidepressant-like activity of Hypericum perforatum extracts

Abstract Rationale. Hyperforin has been identified as an active constituent of Hypericum perforatum but its importance in the antidepressant effect of this plant's extracts is not really known. Objective. To evaluate the antidepressant-like activity of two extracts in relation to the content of hyperforin and its plasma and whole brain concentrations, compared with a stable salt of hyperforin (dicyclohexylammonium; DCHA). Methods. The effects of the extracts and hyperforin were evaluated in the rat forced swimming test. The specificity of the effects was demonstrated evaluating the rats' locomotor activity. Plasma and brain concentrations of hyperforin were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results. The 4.5% extract (but not the 0.5% extract) given as three IP injections in 24 h (3.12–6.25 mg/kg) reduced the total immobility of rats, yielding dose-related plasma concentrations of hyperforin. These concentrations were of a similar magnitude to those after hyperforin DCHA which also significantly reduced immobility when given on the basis of the hyperforin content of the 4.5% extract (0.14 and 0.28 mg/kg). However, hyperforin was undetectable in rat brain, possibly because of poor passage of the blood-brain barrier. Conclusion. These results support the view that hyperforin plays a key role in the antidepressant-like activity of Hypericum p. However, brain concentrations after effective doses are probably far from those active in vitro on the neurotransmitter mechanisms so far investigated. Electronic Publication     

Evaluation of antidepressant activity of tramadol in mice

Objective:

To evaluate antidepressant like effect of tramadol in mice.

Materials and Methods:

Tramadol was administered at three different doses (10,20 and 40 mg/kg, i.p) once daily for 7 days to Swiss albino mice of either sex. The immobility period of control and drug treated mice were recorded in tail suspension test (TST).The antidepressant effect of tramadol was compared to that of fluoxetine (20 mg/kg, i.p), administered for seven days.

Results:

Tramadol produced significant antidepressant effect at all the doses, as indicated by reduction in immobility times as compared to control. The efficacy of tramadol at doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg was comparable with that of fluoxetine. Tramadol at 10 mg/kg dose showed significantly less antidepressant activity compared to fluoxetine.

Conclusion:

The results of the present study indicate antidepressant like activity of tramadol.     

不同采收期地耳草的色谱图分析

目的分析不同采收期地耳草的色谱图。方法用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和顶空气相色谱-质谱(HSGC-MS)技术对不同采收期地耳草进行分析,测定其色谱图。结果不同采收期地耳草HPLC、HSGC-MS色谱图的动态变化具有一定规律。结论为确定地耳草的最佳采收期提供了依据。     

人参总皂苷对小鼠的抗抑郁作用

目的：初步探讨人参总皂苷对小鼠的抗抑郁作用。方法：选取健康雄性昆明种小鼠,随机分为5组,空白对照组、阳性药组、人参总皂苷125、250、500 mg.kg^-1剂量组。通过小鼠自主活动实验、小鼠强迫游泳实验和小鼠悬尾实验,观察人参总皂苷对小鼠抗抑郁作用的影响。结果：各给药组小鼠自主活动行为与空白对照组比较均无明显差异;人参总皂苷125、250、500 mg.kg-1均可以显著缩短小鼠强迫游泳及小鼠悬尾不动时间。结论：实验结果表明人参总皂苷在小鼠＂行为绝望＂模型中有一定的抗抑郁作用。     

Antidepressant-like effect of hyperfoliatin, a polyisoprenylated phloroglucinol derivative from Hypericum perfoliatum (Clusiaceae) is associated with an inhibition of neuronal monoamines uptake

This study investigated, in mice, the antidepressant like effect of hyperfoliatin, a prenylated phloroglucinol derivative isolated from the aerial parts of Hypericum perfoliatum, as well as its action on monoaminergic systems. In the forced-swimming test, hyperfoliatin dose-dependently reduced immobility time. Immobility was interpreted as an expression of "behavioural despair", which could be a component of depression syndrome. The effect of hyperfoliatin did not result from the stimulation of animal motor activity. Hyperfoliatin inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, the [(3)H]-dopamine, [(3)H]-serotonin and [(3)H]-noradrenaline synaptosomal uptakes, but did not prevent the binding of specific ligands to the monoamine transporters. These data suggest that the antidepressant-like effect of hyperfoliatin on the forced-swimming test is probably associated to monoamine uptake inhibition, due to a mechanism of action different from that of known antidepressants.     

不同产地贯叶连翘中贯叶金丝桃素含量分析比较

目的：比较不同产地贯叶连翘中贯叶金丝桃素的含量。方法：采用反相高效液相法（RP－HPLC）测定贯叶金丝桃素含量。结果与结论：不同产地贯叶连翘中贯叶金丝桃素含量有差异，以陕西汉中产含量最高。     

密腺小连翘的化学成分研究

目的研究藤黄科金丝桃属植物密腺小连翘的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20和反相RP-18柱色谱等手段进行分离纯化,并通过波谱数据鉴定结构。结果从乙醇提取物中分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为:γ-(6Z,9Z,12Z)亚麻酸乙酯(1),二十九烷醇(2),γ-(6Z,9Z,12Z)亚麻酸(3),β-谷甾醇(4),柯伊利素(5),木犀草素(6),山柰酚(7),β-胡萝卜苷(8),槲皮素(9),山柰酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷(10)和槲皮素-3-O-阿拉伯糖苷(11)。结论化合物1～11均为首次从该植物中分离。