结直肠癌同时性肝转移的手术疗效分析

目的探讨结直肠癌同时性肝转移的外科治疗临床价值和疗效。方法自2003年5月至2008年10月,对32例结直肠癌同时性肝转移患者行同期切除术为治疗组,同期内未行手术切除的肝转移瘤27例患者为对照组。两组术后以XELox方案化疗。结果治疗组1、3和5年累积生存率为92．5％、53．1％、34．6％。对照组1、3和5年生存率为66．7％、18．5％、0。两组总生存率比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组临床资料相比较无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。治疗组中有6例患者术后发生胸腔积液,1例膈下积液,3例胆漏,无手术死亡病例。结论结直肠癌肝转移的的根治性切除是患者获得长期生存的有效治疗手段;直肠癌同时性肝转移行同期切除术可提高患者的幸存时闻和幸存后量．改善其预后．     

669例结直肠癌同时陛和异时性肝转移患者不同治疗策略的预后分析

目的评价结直肠癌肝转移不同类型及治疗策略对肝转移患者生存的影响。方法回顾分析复旦大学附属中山医院2000年1月1日至2008年6月31日收治的669例结直肠癌肝转移患者的病例资料。结果本组患者同时性肝转移379例,异时性[发生肝转移中位时间（21．0±19．6）个月]肝转移290例。患者性别、年龄和肠道原发病灶的部位两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）：而肝转移灶特征（累及肝叶类型、病灶个数和病灶直径）和术前CEA、CA19—9水平两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。手术切除肝转移灶253例．其中同时性肝转移123例,异时性肝转移130例。以2008年10月31日为随访终点,随访率100％。同时性肝转移和异时性肝转移的中位生存时间分别为11和23个月（P〈0．01）。5年生存率分别为6．4％和11．4％（P〈0．01）;手术病例与各种非手术治疗（介入、化疗、射频、无水酒精注射和中医中药）病例的中位生存期分别为37个月和5～26个月（P〈0．01）;5年生存率分别为35．6％和0～3．6％（P〈0．05）。结论手术治疗目前仍是结直肠癌肝转移的首选治疗措施：异时性肝转移患者生存率好于同时性肝转移。     

133例结直肠癌肝转移外科手术疗效评价

目的评价手术治疗结直肠癌肝转移的疗效。方法分析复旦大学附属中山医院2000年1月1日至2005年12月31日收治的470例结直肠癌肝转移患者的资料,评价手术治疗对其生存的影响。结果196例同时性肝转移患者中手术30例（15．3％）,274例异时性肝转移患者中手术103例（37．6％）。同时性肝转移组手术死亡率（3．3％）高于异时性肝转移组（1．9％）（P〈0．05）。以2006年6月31日为随访终点,随访率100％,手术患者中同时性肝转移组1、3、5年生存率和中位生存时间与异时性肝转移组相似（P〉0．05）,但术后复发率较高（36．7％比20．4％,P=0．030）。49例具有手术指征而未手术的患者其1、3、5年生存率明显低于手术患者（P=0．003）。同时性肝转移组中22例Ⅰ期手术切除原发灶和肝转移灶和8例Ⅱ期手术患者的1、2．3年生存率和中位生存时间相似（P〉0．05）。生存因素风险分析发现手术切缘达1cm（P=0．036）和复发后再次手术（P=0．041）是生存的保护性因素,而术后复发（P=0．023）是生存的危险因素。结论手术治疗是结直肠癌肝转移的首选治疗措施,可以明显改善患者的术后生存。     

SNCG在结直肠癌肝转移中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨SNCG在结直肠癌肝转移患者中的表达情况及其临床意义。方法收集1999年1月至2003年12月间中国医学科学院肿瘤医院收治的具有完整临床病理及随访资料的217例结直肠癌手术标本。其中113例伴肝转移,104例无肝转移。采用免疫组织化学染色检测SNCG在结直肠癌组织中的表达。分析SNCG表达与结直肠癌肝转移临床病理特征及预后的关系。结果肝转移组和无肝转移组患者结直肠癌组织中SNCG阳性表达率分别为68．1％（77／113）和27．9％（29／104）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。Logistic多因素分析显示,SNCG表达是判断结直肠癌是否伴有肝转移的独立因素（OR=8．29,95％CI：3．37～20．37,P〈0．01）。SNCG阳性表达与阴性表达的同时性肝转移患者术后中位生存时间分别为8．2个月和12．6个月．差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;Cox多因素分析显示,SNCG表达是结直肠癌同时性肝转移患者的独立预后因素（RR：1．97．95％CI：1．10—3．53,P〈0．05）。结论SNCG在肝转移患者的结直肠癌组织中高表达．SNCG表达不仅可以作为结直肠癌肝转移预示因子,也是同时性肝转移的重要预后因素。     

结直肠癌同时性肝转移的同期手术切除

目的探讨同时性结直肠癌肝转移行同期切除原发瘤和肝转移瘤的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性总结分析从1981年5月至2005年11月在我院住院治疗的43例结直肠癌同时性肝转移同期手术的临床病理资料及结果并结合文献复习。结果43例患者中男性21例,女性22例,中位年龄52岁,手术持续中位时间180min。共30例术中输血,中位输血量800ml。术后总住院时间10—50d,中位时间15d。并发症发生率18．6％（8／43）,手术死亡率2．3％（1／43）。全组总的中位生存期为25个月,5年生存率19．1％。R0切除组的中位生存期48个月,5年生存率33．8％;非R0切除组的中位生存期为20个月,5年生存率7．6％。两组的生存时间经LogRank检验差异明显,P=0．002。结论同时性结直肠癌肝转移同期手术的安全性和有效性可以保证。对可切除的同时性结直肠癌肝转移应争取同期手术,并争取R0切除。     

同时性结直肠癌肝转移的腹腔镜大块肝切除是安全的

背景可切除同时性结直肠癌肝转移的最佳手术策略仍存争议。尽管部分学者主张分期肝切除,但越来越多的报道认为同时切除结直肠原发灶和肝转移灶即同期肝切除是安全的。同时性结直肠癌肝转移的腹腔镜同期肝切除虽已有报     

同期肝切除治疗结直肠癌同时性肝转移

目的探讨结直肠癌同时性肝转移肝肠同期手术的疗效。方法回顾性分析1994年8月至2004年12月在我院行外科手术治疗的121例同时性结直肠癌肝转移患者的临床资料。结果在121例同时性结直肠癌肝转移患者中,99例行结直肠癌根治性切除术,剔除2例行原位肝移植患者后,同期肝切除组41例（A组）,对肝转移瘤行姑息外科治疗组56例（B组）,即转移瘤未能完全经手术切除者,A、B组患者性别、年龄、原发瘤部位、浸润深度、淋巴结转移等差异均无统计学意义,肝转移瘤数目（x^2=40.41,P＜0.05）、肝转移瘤分布（x^2=11.61,P＜0.05）差异有统计学意义;两组患者中位生存期分别为28.9个月、17.1个月,5年生存率分别为14％、0,其中A组患者中位无瘤生存期为19.5个月,1、3、5年生存率为93%、44%和14%。结论同期肝切除能为部分结直肠癌同时性肝转移患者提供治愈机会,对于合适的患者应力争行同期肝切除术。     

切缘宽度对结直肠癌肝转移同期肝切除患者术后生存的影响

目的探讨结直肠癌同期肝切除术合适的肝转移瘤切缘宽度。方法回顾性分析1994年8月至2004年12月行肝肠同期切除的39例同时性结直肠癌肝转移患者的临床资料,将患者根据肝转移瘤切缘宽度小于1cm和大于或等于1cm分为A、B两组,用Kaplan—Meier法进行生存分析,用Log-rank检验比较两组术后的生存期。结果A组患者14例,B组患者25例;两组患者性别、年龄、原发瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移、肝转移瘤数目和分布及最大直径、手术时间和术中出血量比较．差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。两组患者中位生存期分别为17和37个月（P〈0．01）,5年生存率分别为0和19．8％（P〈0．01）,差异有统计学意义。结论结直肠癌肝转移行同期肝切除术时应力争肝转移瘤切缘宽度大于或等于1cm。     

K-ras基因突变与结直肠癌肝转移及其预后关系的研究

目的探讨结直肠癌肿瘤原发灶中K-ras基因突变情况与肝转移及其预后的关系。方法回顾性选取2003年1月至2008年12月间经复旦大学附属中山医院普通外科手术治疗的结直肠癌病例,根据术时诊断和术后随访肝转移情况分为同时性肝转移、异时性肝脏转移和未发生肝脏转移的患者3组,每组各100例。运用PCR及Pyrosequencing法检测石蜡标本中肿瘤原发灶K-ras第2外显子突变情况．分析其与结直肠癌肝转移的发生及其预后的关系。结果300例样本中肿瘤原发灶K-1-as突变者120例（40．0％）,其中K-ras第2外显子G13D突变32例,而异时性肝转移组中K-ras的第2外显子G13D突变较同时性肝转移组多（17．0％比8．0％,P=0．041）。多因素回归模型提示,K-ras第2外显子的G13D突变是结直肠癌异时性肝转移的独立危险因素（P=0．048,HR=1．108．95％CI：1．032-5．062）。结直肠癌无肝转移组中K-ras基因突变者较无突变者总体生存期短（中位生存时间65比72个月,P=0．039）,而在结直肠癌肝转移切除的患者中,K-ras基因突变者无复发生存期短（中位时间18比24个月,P=0．048）,多因素分析提示,K-ras基因突变（HR=1．561,95％CI：1．022-6．422,P=0．045）是影响结直肠癌无肝转移组总体生存的独立危险因素。结论检测结直肠癌原发灶中的K-ras基因状态可以为预测肝脏的转移和预后情况提供参考。     

乙型肝炎病毒感染及肝硬化与结直肠癌肝转移的关系

目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染和肝硬化与结直肠癌肝转移的关系。方法回顾北京大学临床肿瘤学院外科1999年1月至2004年8月收治的1176例结直肠癌患者的临床及随访资料,分析HBV感染和肝硬化对肝转移发生率及患者预后的影响。结果有和无HBV感染的两组结直肠癌患者肝转移发生率分别为8.8％（10／114）和23．9％（254／1062）。差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;两组患者的5年生存率分别为54．2％和60．7％．差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。伴和不伴肝硬化的两组结直肠癌患者肝转移发生率分别为3．8％（1／26）和22．9％（263／1150）．差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;两组患者5年生存率分别为60．9％和59．9％,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论HBV感染和肝硬化可降低结直肠癌患者肝转移的发生率．但并不影响其生存率。     

腹腔镜联合同期开放手术与全开放手术治疗同时性结直肠癌肝转移临床对比研究

目的对比腹腔镜结直肠癌切除(LCS)联合同期开放肝转移灶切除术与同期全开放切除术(TOS)治疗同时性结直肠癌肝转移(sCRLM)的临床疗效,探讨LCS联合同期开放肝转移灶切除术的安全性、短期及中长期疗效。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2019年3月于海军军医大学附属长海医院肛肠外科行同期切除的sCRLM病人的临床病理资料,其中84例病人行LCS联合同期开放肝转移灶切除术,108例病人行同期TOS,采用倾向得分匹配方法(PSM)对两类病人进行1∶1匹配,最终LCS组(LCS联合同期开放肝转移灶切除术)和TOS组(行同期TOS)两组分别纳入69例病人,对两组病人的临床结果进行对比分析。结果所有病人无90 d内死亡病例。LCS组无中转开放手术病例。LCS组与TOS组相比,术后进食流质时间缩短[(3.54±1.43)d vs.(4.74±1.29)d,t=-5.186 P<0.001],术后住院天数减少[(8.58±4.23)d vs.(13.33±5.21)d,t=-5.880 P<0.001],并发症发生率降低[14例(20.3%)vs.33例(47.8%),χ^2=11.648 P=0.01],术中出血量[(433.77±423.45)mL vs(.422.46±292.37)mL,t=0.182 P=0.855]及手术时间[(277.54±81.88)min vs(.265.80±82.56)min,t=0.839 P=0.403]差异无统计学意义。3年存活率差异无统计学意义(60.0%vs.54.7%,χ^2=1.979,P=0.160),术后无瘤存活率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=3.542,P=0.076)。结论LCS联合同期开放肝转移灶切除术用于治疗sCRLM安全可行,相比传统同期TOS,短期疗效更优,且不影响中长期肿瘤学预后。     

Simultaneous liver and colorectal resections are safe for synchronous colorectal liver metastasis

BACKGROUND: The optimal surgical strategy for the treatment of synchronous resectable colorectal liver metastasis has not been defined. The aims of this study were to review our experience with synchronous colorectal metastasis and to define the safety of simultaneous versus staged resection of the colon and liver. STUDY DESIGN: From September 1984 through November 2001, 240 patients were treated surgically for primary adenocarcinoma of the large bowel and synchronous hepatic metastasis. Clinicopathologic, operative, and perioperative data were reviewed to evaluate selection criteria, operative methods, and perioperative outcomes. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-four patients underwent simultaneous resection of a colorectal primary and hepatic metastasis in a single operation (Group I), and 106 patients underwent staged operations (Group II). Simultaneous resections tend to be performed for right colon primaries (p < 0.001), smaller (p < 0.01) and fewer (p < 0.001) liver metastases, and less extensive liver resection (p < 0.001). Complications were less common in the simultaneous resection group, with 65 patients (49%) sustaining 142 complications, compared with 71 patients (67%) sustaining 197 complications for both hospitalizations in the staged resection group (p < 0.003). Patients having simultaneous resection required fewer days in the hospital (median 10 days versus 18 days, p = 0.001). Perioperative mortality was similar (simultaneous, n = 3; staged, n = 3). CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous colon and liver resection is safe and efficient in the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastasis. By avoiding a second laparotomy, the overall complication rate is reduced, with no change in operative mortality. Given its reduced morbidity, shorter treatment time, and similar cancer outcomes, simultaneous resection should be considered a safe option in patients with resectable synchronous colorectal metastasis.     

Selection criteria for simultaneous resection in patients with synchronous liver metastasis

HYPOTHESIS: While simultaneous resection has been shown to be safe and effective in patients with synchronous metastasis, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by hepatectomy has gradually gained acceptance for both initially nonresectable metastasis and resectable metastasis. The boundary between these treatments is becoming unclear. We hypothesized that factors associated with colorectal cancer may play an important role in the prognosis of patients with synchronous metastasis and may be useful for identifying patients who can be expected to have adequate results following simultaneous resection. DESIGN: Outcome study. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: From January 1980 to December 2002, 187 patients underwent curative resection for synchronous liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. One hundred forty-two patients received simultaneous resection, 18 underwent staged resection, and 27 underwent delayed hepatic resection. Twenty-one clinicopathological factors were analyzed, and long-term prognosis was assessed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prognostic factors and patient survival. RESULTS: There was no in-hospital death. In a multivariate analysis, the factors that significantly affected the prognosis of synchronous metastasis were 4 or more lymph node metastases around the primary cancer (P<.001) and multiple liver metastases (P = .003). In patients with 3 or fewer lymph node metastases around the primary cancer, the 5-year survival rates of those with 1, 2 to 3, and 4 or more liver metastases were 63%, 33%, and 40%, respectively, but these rates were 15%, 22%, and 0%, respectively, in patients with 4 or more lymph node metastases around the primary cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the application of simultaneous resection in patients with 0 to 3 colorectal lymph node metastases. However, in patients with 4 or more colorectal lymph node metastases, biological selection by neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be more suitable.     

大肠癌合并肝脏转移患者的同期微创手术疗效分析

目的探讨同期行腹腔镜大肠癌根治术联合肝大部切除术治疗同时性大肠癌合并肝转移(SCLM)的疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析2010年1月至2015年10月收治的58例SCLM患者资料,根据肝切除术的手术方案分为A组(同期微创组,腹腔镜大肠癌根治术联合腹腔镜肝大部切除术,n=30)和B组(同期微创联合开腹组,腹腔镜大肠癌根治术联合开腹肝大部切除术,n=28)。采用SPSS 19.0统计学软件进行统计分析,术后分期及并发症等采用χ2检验;术中、术后恢复资料以均数±标准差表示,比较用t检验;采用Kaplan-Meier法计算两组1、2、3年的总生存率。以P0.05视为差异有统计学意义。结果 A组的肝转移灶的数目、最大直径、术前CEA等均显著少于/低于B组(P0.05)。两组的术中及术后资料比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。A组、B组的并发症发生率分别为36.7%、53.6%,所有并发症在给予对症处理后均缓解或痊愈。A组、B组术后1、2、3年的总生存率分别为100%、100%、93.3%和92.9%、85.7%、75.6%,两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对SCLM而言,全腹腔镜下行大肠癌根治术及肝大部切除术是安全可行的,在围手术期安全性与远期生存状况方面与腹腔镜大肠癌根治术联合开腹肝大部切除术相近。     

腹腔镜下结直肠癌合并肝转移癌一期同时切除术的临床分析

目的探究腹腔镜下结直肠癌合并肝转移癌一期同时切除术的安全性及可行性。方法选取68例2012年11月~2015年6月至我院以及中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院胃肠外科二区就诊的结直肠癌合并肝转移癌患者,将所有患者分为两组,观察组34例,对照组34例。观察组采取腹腔镜下结直肠癌合并肝转移癌同期切除术,对照组采取传统的开腹结直肠癌合并肝转移癌同期切除术。记录两组患者术中出血量、手术时间、术后排气时间、总住院时间、术后并发症,对两组疗效、总生存期和无瘤生存期进行分析。结果观察组术中出血量、手术时间、术后排气时间、总住院时间与对照组相比,有统计学意义(P0.05);虽然观察组的术并发症比对照组低,但两组术后并发症比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论全腹腔镜下结直肠癌合并肝转移癌一期联合切除安全可行,总体临床效果优于开腹手术。     

Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis in Resectable Synchronous and Metachronous Colorectal Liver Metastasis

Introduction Hepatic resection may offer long-term survival for patients with colorectal metastases. However, controversies exist regarding the prognostic factors. Herein, the impact of synchronicity of liver metastasis on patient clinicopathological features and prognosis was evaluated. Methods One hundred and fifty-five patients who underwent hepatectomy for colon cancer metastasis, from 1995 to 2004, were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: synchronous and metachronous colorectal liver metastasis. Patient demographics, the nature of the primary and metastatic tumors, surgery-related complications, and long-term outcome were analyzed. Results Patients included in the synchronous group tended to be younger than those in the metachronous group. Compared to the metachronous group, patients in the synchronous group showed more metastases (P = 0.008) and bilobarly distributed metastases (P = 0.016). Bile leakage was the most common surgical complication. The estimated 5-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 16.8 and 41.1%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that synchronous metastases, advanced stage of the primary tumor, bilobar distribution of the metastases, more than three metastases, and colonic versus rectal location of the primary tumor were prognostic factors of shorter disease-free survival, but not overall survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that synchronous metastases and the advanced stage of the primary tumor were indicators for a worse disease-free survival. Conclusion The synchronous presence of primary colon cancer and liver metastasis may indicate a more disseminated disease status and is associated with a shorter disease-free survival than metachronous metastasis. These patients may need more careful monitoring and aggressive chemotherapy following curative resection.     

Outcome after simultaneous colorectal and hepatic resection for colorectal cancer with synchronous metastases

BACKGROUND: Consensus has not been reached concerning the timing of hepatectomy in patients with synchronous colorectal liver metastases, specifically with respect to patient selection criteria for simultaneous resection of the colorectal primary and the liver metastasis. METHODS: Retrospectively obtained clinicopathologic data for 39 consecutive patients with synchronous colorectal cancer metastases to the liver, who underwent curative simultaneous "1-stage" hepatectomy and resection of the colorectal primary at 1 institution, were subjected to univariate and multivariate analysis concerning the safety and success of the combined procedure. RESULTS: Only the volume of the resected liver was selected as a risk factor for postoperative complications (350 g mean resected liver volume in patients with postoperative complications vs 150 g in those without complications; P <.05). Patient age of 70 years or older (P <.05) and poorly differentiated or mucinous adenocarcinoma as the primary lesion (P <.01) predicted decreased overall survival by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis retained histologic differentiation of the colorectal primary as an independent survival predictor (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: A 1-stage procedure appears desirable for synchronous colorectal hepatic metastases except for patients requiring resection of more than 1 hepatic section, patients aged 70 years or older, and those with poorly differentiated or mucinous adenocarcinomas as primary lesions.     

同时性结肠直肠癌切除和肝转移病灶手术时机的荟萃分析

目的:探讨同时性结肠直肠癌切除和肝转移病灶的最佳手术时机选择。方法:通过检索电子数据库,对1966年至2009年结肠直肠癌和肝转移灶行同期或分期切除的对照研究资料进行荟萃分析。结果:共纳入14篇文献,2 204例病人。荟萃分析结果显示,同期切除组与分期切除组比较,手术时间和术中出血方面两组间均无统计学差异(P0.05);同期切除组住院时间较短(P0.01),手术相关并发症率较低(P0.01),差异有统计学意义。两者在术后1年、3年和5年生存率方面均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:与分期切除相比,同时性行结肠直肠癌和肝转移灶切除同样安全、有效。