口腔传统种植印模精确性的影响因素及其研究现状

种植印模的制取是种植修复获得长期成功的重要因素之一.时至今日,传统种植印模仍然广泛应用于种植修复的临床诊疗过程中.本文从种植体间的角度、印模材料、印模方法、印模制取过程中的操作以及种植体及各组件设计等方面对口腔传统种植印模精确性的影响因素进行简要综述,以期为传统种植印模的制取提供较为全面的指导.     

ICam4D摄影测量技术应用于全牙弓种植固定终修复的临床研究

目的：探讨ICam4D摄影测量技术在全牙弓种植固定修复终印模制取中的临床效果。方法：选取需进行终修复的全牙弓种植固定修复患者30名。对照组及实验组各15名,分别采用传统夹板印模技术制取硅橡胶开窗印模及ICam4D摄影测量技术获取数字化印模完成最终固定义齿修复。患者填写印模制取舒适度及修复体满意度视觉模拟量表（Visual Analogue Scale,VAS）,比较两组制取印模耗时、患者舒适度、修复体就位及边缘适合性、修复体满意度及修复后随访差异,评估ICam4D摄影测量技术在全牙弓种植固定修复中的临床效果。结果：全部终修复体均精准被动就位,边缘适合性均为I级;印模制取耗时对比,实验组（15.67±2.77）min显著少于对照组（51.47±5.88）min,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;印模舒适度（VAS）评分对比,实验组（94.60±13.64）显著高于对照组（55.13±13.64）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;两组修复体咀嚼、美观、发音满意度（VAS）评分均无显著性差异（P>0.05）;两组随访,螺丝松动及折裂率、支架折裂率均为0%,种植体成功率均为...     

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目的 评价末端游离缺失患者使用不同印模材制取功能性印模过程中以及义齿修复后的临床疗效.方法 选择2011年2-9月在山西医科大学口腔医院修复科就诊的末端游离缺失患者40例,随机分为A组和B组(各20例),分别使用印模膏加藻酸盐印模材和硅橡胶(重体加轻体)制取印模,常规方法制作义齿,比较制取印模过程中以及义齿戴用3个月后患者的满意度.结果 制取印模过程中,患者对硅橡胶印模材的满意度高于印模膏加藻酸盐印模材(P＜0.05);义齿戴用3个月后,患者对印模膏加藻酸盐印模材组的满意度较硅橡胶印模材组高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 可摘局部义齿修复末端游离缺失时,使用印模膏加藻酸盐印模材制取功能性印模其义齿修复效果好,但制取印模过程中患者感觉用硅橡胶印模材较舒适.由此可见,不同的印模材具有各自的优越性,要根据临床需要进行选择.     

光固化树脂个别托盘的制作探讨

在义齿修复中准确的印模是制作优良修复体的基础和保证,制取印模首先面临的是托盘的选择,虽然有多种成品托盘可供临床医生选取,但有时成品托盘不适合用来制取最终牙弓解剖形态的印模。为了获得合格的终印模,采用个别托盘制取印模是必要的[1]。本文就光固化成型个别托盘制作技术进行探讨。     

排龈术的发展及应用状况

排龈技术在口腔临床中,尤其是在固定义齿修复临床中的应用非常广泛,同时也可应用于楔状缺损修复时,以获得良好的充填体边缘[1]。固定义齿修复成功取决于良好的设计及精密的制作。牙体预备及印模制取是修复成功的关键,而排龈又是牙体预备及印模制取过程中必不可少的环节。作者就近年来排龈术的发展及应用状况,作一简要的概述。     

CS3600■口扫数字化印模技术与传统硅橡胶印模技术在磨牙全瓷冠修复中的比较

目的:比较数字化口内直接印模技术与传统精细硅橡胶印模技术在磨牙全瓷冠修复中的效果。方法:研究选取2019年10月~2020年1月于华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院口腔修复科行磨牙全瓷单冠修复治疗的患者32例,共计36颗患牙。实验组18颗患牙采用CS3600^■口内扫描仪制取数字化印模,对照组18颗患牙采用传统硅橡胶印模技术制取印模。记录两组取模时间、戴牙时间及患者舒适度,修复完成2个月参照改良美国公共卫生署(USPHS)标准对修复体进行评价。结果:实验组取模时间更短、取模更舒适;制作的修复体戴牙时间更短、修复体边缘适合性更好(P<0.05)。结论:在磨牙全瓷冠的修复治疗中,CS3600^■口内扫描技术在取模时间、取模舒适度、戴牙时间和修复体边缘适合性等方面都优于传统硅橡胶印模技术。     

固定修复三种印模法临床效果的对比

本文运用三种印模法分别对4．5例固定修复设计牙列制取印模，并对每个印模进行评级，从而对三种印模方法进行对比，并讨论了各种印模的优点与不足。     

铸造冠基牙印模的准确性--4种印模前准备的比较研究

铸造冠修复中，须重现准确工作模型基牙形态，为此临床上常用不同的印模制取方法，以避免印模气泡的产生。不同印模前准备是为了印模料与口腔组织间密切接触，从而减少或避免印模料与基牙间的气泡，使灌出石膏模型减少因气泡而出现的突出的石膏瘤，提高铸造冠基牙的准确性...     

闭口式印模法在老年人全口义齿修复中的临床应用

印模质量对全口义齿修复效果至关重要，除了材料本身的特性，临床实际操作情况（如牙弓外形，牙体解剖以及印模制取等）也对其精度产生一定影响。特别是无牙颌条件较差时，义齿边缘伸展、系带缓冲义齿组织面与组织的密合程度等都会直接影响义齿的最终修复效果。笔者对21例上下颌牙列缺失且有旧义齿的患者，利用旧义齿做个别托盘，采用闭口式印模方法制取印模，制做全口义齿。观察复诊次数、舒适度和固位力，对闭口式和开口式印模方法进行了比较。     

由支持、稳定和固位浅谈全口义齿印模原理

印模形态决定了未来基托的形态,无牙颌患者的印模制取是全口义齿修复成功的基础。文章分别从基托获得支持、保持稳定、得到良好固位的原理出发,详细阐述与之密切相关的印模制取要点,包括支持区的印模范围和形态、印模边缘伸展与形态、如何处理好印模与软硬组织的关系、取模时应施加的压力等。此外,文章还进一步分析了全口义齿支持、稳定和固位三者之间的关系,旨在强调全口义齿支持和稳定的重要性。     

Final impressions: a review of material properties and description of a current technique

Esthetic rehabilitations are characterized by a sequence of well-structured clinical and laboratory steps, during which different kinds of impressions are required. This review presents a survey of the most clinically relevant physical properties that characterize final impression materials and their interactions with the products they are commonly in contact with. The principal steps of an esthetic rehabilitation involving a diagnostic phase, together with a rational step-by-step approach to final impressions, are described. The one-step/double-mix impression using polyvinyl siloxane materials associated with a "double cord" gingival displacement is explained.     

An Impression Technique for Preserving Interdental Papillae

An esthetic revolution is occurring in dental profession. The esthetic treatment enhances appearance, improve smiles, restore function and raise self esteem. This is now well known that both teeth and gums make good smile and good facial esthetic. Sometimes while doing treatment in esthetic zone, impression procedure can cause strangulation of interdental papilla, causing loss of papillae. This article therefore describes a new impression technique that involves the matrix impression system and "every other tooth" technique.     

Implant Digital Impression in the Esthetic Area

The aim of this report is to describe two standardized protocols for digital impression when implant support rehabilitation is used in the esthetic area. The two techniques were used to transfer all provisional crown parameters to definitive restorations in different clinical scenarios. In the direct technique, an impression (STL1) is made of the provisional restorations attached to the implants, with surrounding gingival tissue. The second scan (STL2) captures the sulcular aspect of the peri‐implant soft tissue immediately after removal of the provisional restoration. The last impression (STL3) of the complete arch is made with a standardized scanbody attached to the implant to capture the 3D location of the implant. The direct technique is indicated when the peri‐implant soft tissues are stable upon removal of the provisional restoration. The indirect technique is used when the gingival tissue collapses rapidly after the removal of the provisional crown. The impressions of the provisional restoration and the position of the implant are similar to those obtained with the direct technique, and the shape of the peri‐implant tissue is extrapolated from the negative shape obtained from making the digital impression when the provisional restoration is taken out of the mouth. Finally, in both techniques the 3 scans are superimposed to obtain a file, which contains the details of the peri‐implant soft tissue. The direct and indirect digital techniques allowed realization of a predictable definitive restoration in the esthetic zone in different clinical scenarios, reducing the duration of clinical procedures.     

Rehabilitation for a scleroderma patient with severe microstomia using digital and conventional methods

BackgroundMicrostomia is a principal clinical symptom in patients with scleroderma. It is characterized by an abnormally small mouth opening, which makes traditional prosthetic rehabilitation difficult.MethodsFirst, the primary impression and jaw relation record were acquired using an intraoral scanning technique and the primary diagnostic dentures were fabricated using 3-dimensional printing (3DP). The definitive impression and jaw relation were obtained and digitally scanned. The second diagnostic denture was also made to confirm the esthetic and occlusal effects. Next, the adjusted dentition parts were scanned and milled from a cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate disk. In addition, the titanium alloy frameworks were also fabricated using 3DP. With flasking, the milled dentition parts were inserted and the definitive dentures were finally fabricated and delivered to the patient.ResultsThe authors constructed the definitive removable partial dentures successfully using the digital methods of intraoral scanning, computer-aided design, and 3DP.Conclusions and Practical ImplicationsThese digital methods provide an alternative option for prosthetic rehabilitation in scleroderma patients with severe microstomia.     

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目前牙齿美学修复是口腔临床中的热点。在对前牙美学缺陷患者的修复治疗中,最重要的是要检查获取患者全部相关的牙齿美学信息,分析患者美学缺陷中的问题,最后做出正确的美学修复设计。本文讨论有关前牙美学修复中前牙美学分析和美学设计中常用的方法、4个重要的美学参数以及露龈笑的病因和治疗。     

利用旧的全口义齿制作新义齿的临床研究

目的评价用旧的全口义齿制取新全口义齿的临床效果。方法对80例牙列缺失患者,利用其旧义齿,重新恢复垂直距离及正中关系后,采用闭口式制取全口义齿的功能性印模。参照旧义齿的颌型和牙齿排列情况排牙,尽可能恢复患者的面形。随访1~3年,观察患者的使用效果。结果新义齿戴用后异物感小,固位力强,咀嚼效率高,比较能满足患者对美观的要求。结论用旧义齿取功能性印模制取全口义齿是一种见效快、效果好的修复方法。     

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牙齿美学修复是口腔临床中的热点,包括纤维增强树脂桩和全瓷桩的牙色桩核也得到了广泛的应用.但是,要做好美学桩核的修复须要严格掌握美学桩核修复的适应证、美学桩核类型选择的原则,以及美学桩核修复中每个操作过程的细节和标准.     

Full-mouth minimally invasive adhesive rehabilitation to treat severe dental erosion: a case report

Dental erosion is increasing, and only recently are clinicians starting to acknowledge the problem. A prospective clinical trial investigating which therapeutic approach must be undertaken to treat erosion and when is under way at the University of Geneva (Geneva Erosion Study). All patients affected by dental erosion who present with signs of dentin exposure are immediately treated using only adhesive techniques. In this article, the full-mouth adhesive rehabilitation of one of these patients affected by severe dental erosion (ACE class IV) is illustrated. By the end of the therapy, a very pleasing esthetic outcome had been achieved (esthetic success), all of the patient's teeth maintained their vitality, and the amount of tooth structure sacrificed to complete the adhesive full-mouth rehabilitation was negligible (biological success).     

The importance of the optical properties in dental silica-based ceramics

To make esthetic rehabilitation similar to the natural teeth, all-ceramic restorations must have equal optical properties to the natural teeth in terms of color, translucency, fluorescence, and opalescence. Furthermore, a correct communication process with the laboratory is the key to success and biointegration with the ceramic indirect restoration and the teeth.     

The utilization of an interdisciplinary team approach in esthetic, implant, and restorative dentistry

To execute interdisciplinary care for complex dentofacial abnormalities, a team of providers must develop a consistent philosophy and mission regarding examination, diagnostic, and treatment planning procedures. To obtain optimum therapeutic results, patients must rely on the collaborative expertise of a team. This article and case study illustrates a multidisciplinary team's role in the prosthetic and esthetic rehabilitation of the maxillary anterior region.