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1.
44例胃或胆囊切除术病人根据硬膜外腔给药方法随机分为泵输注组,持续滴注组和常规推沆组。在泵输注和滴注组,首次量2%利多卡因经硬膜外导管以1ml/min输入,首次时进入后以1/2首次量/h持续输入,直到术毕,推注组首次量以1ml/3s经硬膜导管推注以后每间隔1h追加1/2首次量。麻醉起效时间和阻滞范围无明显差别。作者指出硬膜外腔泵输注给药方法简化,初步实现给药自动化,不影响膜外腔的扩散。  相似文献   

2.
目的分析经左胸小切口食管癌根治术的临床效果。方法对42例食道癌患者实施经左胸小切口手术,回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果本组手术时间(235.4±10.26)min。术中出血量(85.42±35.54)m L,每例淋巴结清扫数(12.04±2.23)枚,手术切除率100%,全部治愈出院。术后并发症发生率11.90%(5/42),均经对症处理后痊愈,患者均获随访6个月,至今均健康生存。结论经左胸小切口食管癌根治术出血量少、术后并发率低,可提高患者生活质量。  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨下腹部手术术后止痛的用药方法. 方法将2003年1月~12月的120例下腹手术病人随机分为2组:分别采用硬膜外用药自控疼痛治疗(n=60)和静脉用药自控疼痛治疗(n=60).在术后疼痛治疗的48或72 h内观察记录镇痛效果、用药量和副反应. 结果两组病人均达到良好的术后止痛效果.但静脉给药组镇痛药用量以及嗜睡、谵妄等不良反应明显多于硬膜外给药组(P<0.05). 结论下腹手术后止痛宜采用硬膜外给药法.  相似文献   

4.
不同方法静脉给药溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓效果观察   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
目的 探讨不同方法静脉给药对下肢深静脉血栓形成溶栓效果.方法 将90例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者随机分为对照组、观察1组、观察2组,每组各30例.三组患者于患肢末梢静脉给药溶栓治疗;在此基础上观察1组采用止血带压迫浅静脉;观察2组采用弹力绷带压迫浅静脉.结果 对照组总有效率63.3%,观察1组96.7%,观察2组93.3%,观察1、2组与对照组比较,差异有显著性意义(均P<0.01);观察1、2组比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05).结论 压迫浅静脉行患肢末梢静脉给药治疗下肢深静脉血栓效果显著.而用止血带压迫浅静脉行患肢末梢静脉给药溶栓治疗,因其护理观察直接,操作方法简单、取材经济方便,且可根据需要随时调节,是一种理想的静脉给药的辅助溶栓治疗方法.  相似文献   

5.
肝素盐水间断静脉推注预防化疗性静脉炎的效果观察   总被引:35,自引:2,他引:35  
目的降低大肠癌病人大剂量醛氢叶酸 +氟尿嘧啶持续静脉滴注 48h所致静脉炎的发生率。方法将 5 5例晚期大肠癌病人随机分为对照组 2 0例和观察组 35例 ,对照组于持续滴注期间每 4h推注 0 .9%氯化钠注射液10 ml,拔针前再推注 2 0 ml冲管。观察组于持续滴注期间每 4h推注肝素盐水稀释液 (肝素钠 12 5 0 0 U +0 .9%氯化钠注射液 2 5 0 ml) 10 m l,拔针前推注 2 0 ml冲管。结果观察组静脉炎发生率 2 5 .7% (9/ 35 ) ,对照组 90 .0 % (18/ 2 0 ) ,两组比较 ,χ2 =2 1.0 46 ,P<0 .0 1,差异有极显著性意义 ;观察组未发生 、 度静脉炎。结论肝素盐水稀释液能有效降低大剂量醛氢叶酸 /氟尿嘧啶持续滴注 48h所致静脉炎的发生率 ,减轻静脉炎的严重程度。  相似文献   

6.
<正>有机磷农药是有机磷酸酯或硫代磷酸酯类化合物,如过量接触、意外服用等因素均可引起急性中毒。有机磷中毒是临床常见中毒急症,其主要症状为头晕、乏力,重症者神志恍惚,甚至呈现昏迷、阵发性惊厥状态,严重者发生中枢性呼吸衰竭、直至死亡,及时治疗非常关键。目前多采用阿托品静注和血液灌流(hemoperfusion,HP)两种方法救治。阿托品是抢救有机磷中毒的首选药物,如何正确使用对  相似文献   

7.
手术病人不同静脉给药方式对罗库溴铵肌松作用的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
罗库溴铵是目前临床上起效较快的中时效非去极化肌松药,但罗库溴铵与其他非去极化肌松药一样存在术后肌松残留作用,罗库溴铵长时间持续输注时较其他肌松药更容易引起术后残留。由于计算机以及各种药物输注系统在麻醉中的应用,肌松药静脉给药方式已越来越多。但是不同静脉给药方式对罗库溴铵肌松作用的影响尚需进一步探讨。本研究拟探讨靶控输注(TCI)、持续输注(CI)及静脉注射(Ⅳ)三种给药方式对罗库溴铵肌松作用的影响,为临床应用提供参考。  相似文献   

8.
阿托品不同给药方法救治有机磷农药中毒效果观察   总被引:9,自引:5,他引:4  
艾莉 《护理学杂志》2004,19(11):62-64
将 2 2 2例中、重度有机磷农药中毒 (AOPP)病人随机分为A、B、C三组各 74例。A组采用微量泵持续泵入阿托品 ;B组先间歇静脉推注达阿托品化 ,再改微量泵持续泵入阿托品 ;C组采用人工间歇静脉推注阿托品。结果三组用药过程中病情异常变化和皮肤情况 ,阿托品用量、达阿托品化时间和住院时间及临床应用效果比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ,A组与B组效果明显优于C组 ;而A与B组比较 ,除达阿托品化时间外 (P <0 .0 1) ,其它各项差异无显著性意义 (均P >0 .0 5 )。提示采用微量泵持续泵入阿托品救治AOPP是一种安全可靠 ,简便有效的给药方法。  相似文献   

9.
目的 评价甲强龙静脉途径给药预防气管插管诱发患者咽喉部并发症的有效性.方法 选择气管插管全麻手术患者300例,性别不限,年龄20 ~ 50岁,体重50~80 kg,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法,将患者分为5组(n=60),Ⅰ组:麻醉诱导前30 min静脉注射甲强龙40 mg;Ⅱ组:麻醉诱导前30 min静脉注射甲强龙80 mg;Ⅲ组:麻醉诱导前30 min静脉注射等容量生理盐水;Ⅳ组:拔管前30 min静脉注射甲强龙40 mg;V组:拔管前30 min静脉注射甲强龙80 mg.于拔管后24h内记录患者咽喉部并发症发生情况,于拔管后1和24h时评价其严重程度.结果 5组患者咽喉部疼痛发生率和程度、声音嘶哑发生率和程度、咳嗽发生率和程度比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 甲强龙静脉途径给药不能有效预防气管插管诱发咽的喉部并发症.  相似文献   

10.
1996年 8月至 1 998年 8月我们对 1 0 0例开放性伤口的病人采用灭菌樟树叶粉撒于伤口 ,伤口愈合良好 ,并与手术缝合进行比较 ,介绍如下。1 一般资料本组 1 58例 ,其中男 81例 ,女 77例 ,年龄 8~70岁 ,平均 39.0岁。头面部伤口 59例 ,上肢 44例 ,下肢 55例。均于伤后 8h内就诊 ,伤口长度 0 .5~2 .0 cm,深度 <0 .5cm,均为清洁、边缘较整齐的开放性伤口。按就诊日期分为两组 ,单日就诊者为观察组 (1 0 0例 ) ,双日为对照组 (58例 ) ,两组病人伤口情况差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5) ,有可比性。2 方法取鲜嫩樟树叶 50 0 g,洗净晾干后研成粉末 ,…  相似文献   

11.
目的 探讨乳糖酸阿奇霉素(AZL)静脉给药不同浓度和次数对血管的刺激性,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法 将家兔耳缘静脉单次或多次注射不同浓度的AZL,以0.9%氯化钠注射液(NS)作空白对照,肉眼和显微镜观察给药血管及其周围组织的变化,对各项指标进行评分比较。结果 单次静脉注射浓度为1.5、3.0、6.0mg/ml的AZL对血管均无明显刺激性,其评分与NS组比较,差异无显著性意义(均P>0.05);连续给药3d(1次/d),第2、3天6.0mg/ml组刺激性评分与NS组比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。结论 AZL对血管的刺激性与给药浓度和给药次数有关。提示临床应用AZL时浓度不宜过高,且避免同一静脉多次给药。  相似文献   

12.
中枢性高热患者静滴低温液体降温疗效观察   总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7  
为了探讨中枢性高热的降温方法,对30例在接受物理或药物降温后体温仍高于39℃的中枢性高热患者,静脉滴注低温液体,液温0 ̄10℃,40 ̄60gtt/min进行降温。  相似文献   

13.

Background

This study aimed to examine the influence of a periarticular injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) on blood loss after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients who received an autologous blood transfusion.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of 82 patients (88 consecutive knees) who underwent a primary unilateral TKA with or without a periarticular TXA injection (TXA and control groups, respectively). All patients underwent an autologous blood transfusion. Perioperative parameters related to blood loss were compared between groups.

Results

Compared to the control group, the decrease in hemoglobin was significantly smaller in the TXA group (1.5 ± 1.2 vs 2.5 ± 1.4 g/dL, P < .001), and blood drainage was significantly lower in the TXA group (387.2 ± 215.7 vs 582.3 ± 272.9 mL, P = .002). Moreover, the estimated blood loss, based on either hemoglobin or hematocrit, was significantly lower in the TXA group (509.8 ± 405.2 and 530.7 ± 418.5 mL, respectively) than in the control group (814.2 ± 543.8 and 809.1 ± 469.6 mL, respectively, both P < .001). No severe complications, including a venous thromboembolic event or infection, or local complications, including skin necrosis or delayed wound healing, were observed in either group. A postoperative allogeneic blood transfusion was performed in 2 cases in the control group and none in the TXA group.

Conclusion

Periarticular TXA injection is effective in reducing postoperative blood loss and hemoglobin and hematocrit drops without increasing the risk of venous thrombosis or the necessity of an allogeneic blood transfusion.  相似文献   

14.
The objective of this study was to determine whether topical tranexamic acid (TXA) carried similar hemostatic effect compared with intravenous TXA in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Three hundred and three THA patients were enrolled and randomized into 3 groups: no TXA group, topical and intravenous TXA group. The results showed that the topical and intravenous TXA group had reduced but similar blood transfusion rates (5.88% v. s. 5.94%, P = 0.816). No significant difference was detected in total blood loss between the two TXA groups [(963.4 ± 421.3) ml vs. (958.5 ± 422) ml P = 0.733]. We conclude that topical use of TXA was equally effective and safe compared with intravenous TXA in reducing blood loss and transfusion rate following THA without substantial complications.  相似文献   

15.
目的 观察芍倍注射液点阵注射法治疗腋臭的临床效果。方法 选择2020年1月-2021年12月于本 院门诊接受芍倍注射液治疗的60例腋臭患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表分为对照组和观察组,各30例。 对照组采用传统注射法,观察组采用点阵注射法,治疗后随访6~12个月,比较两组临床疗效及不良反应发 生情况。结果 观察组治疗总有效率为96.67%,高于对照组的90.00%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观 察组不良反应发生率为20.00%,低于对照组的46.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 芍倍注射液可 有效治疗腋臭,使用点阵注射法可降低治疗后的不良反应发生几率,提高其应用安全性。  相似文献   

16.
目的 观察全膝关节置换(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)患者采用关节腔注射和静脉注射氨甲环酸(tranexamic acid,TXA)的临床效果。方法 纳入我院2014年8月至2016年8月期间收治的90例TKA患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为两组,每组45例。其中45例患者术中采用TXA静脉滴注治疗作为静脉组;另外45例患者术中采用TXA关节腔注射治疗作为关节腔组。观察两组患者手术时间、失血量、输血量、凝血功能、血红蛋白水平以及并发症情况。结果 两组患者手术时间和术中出血量并无差异,P>0.05;关节腔组术后引流量及输血量均明显低于静脉组,P<0.05。术前两组患者凝血功能水平及血红蛋白(Hb)水平无差异,P>0.05;术后两组患者凝血功能水平及Hb水平仍无差异,P>0.05。关节腔组、静脉组不良反应发生率分别为2.22%、13.33%,关节腔组明显低于静脉组,P<0.05。结论 全膝关节置换中采用氨甲环酸关节腔注射可有效减少患者术后引流量和输血量,不良反应少,值得临床应用及推广。 关键词:氨甲环酸;关节腔注射;静脉注射;全膝关节置换;老年患者  相似文献   

17.

Background

The use of intravenous acetaminophen has seen recent enthusiasm as one component of a multimodal approach to pain management. However, there is a lack of literature examining the efficacy of intravenous acetaminophen for pain control in total joint arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous acetaminophen following primary total knee arthroplasty.

Methods

This is a retrospective review of 38 patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty by a single surgeon at one institution. Twenty-five patients received 1 gram of intravenous acetaminophen every 6 hours for 24 hours postoperatively. Thirteen patients received no additional intervention. Exclusion criteria were bilateral or concomitant procedures, allergy to medications included in the standard postoperative protocol, neuropathy or sensory disturbances, history of opioid dependence or abuse, deviations from protocol, revision procedures, and incomplete data. Primary outcomes were change in patient-reported visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, overall opioid consumption measured in morphine milligram equivalents, and hospital length of stay.

Results

We found no difference in length of stay, at 3.3 days in the control group and 2.9 days in the intervention group. There was a significant difference in VAS score between 16 and 24 hours. There was a statistically significant decrease in overall opioid consumption in the intravenous acetaminophen group 37.6 vs 18.6 morphine milligram equivalents.

Conclusion

Intravenous acetaminophen is effective in significantly reducing opioid requirements in the first 24 hours following primary total knee arthroplasty. Additionally, there is a clinically significant decrease in VAS pain scores in patients receiving this intervention.  相似文献   

18.
为观察前列地尔注射液联合香丹注射液治疗缺血性结肠炎的疗效,将34例缺血性结肠炎患者随机分为两组,每组17例。所有病例均给予单纯抗生素和其他常规支持对症治疗;治疗组在此基础上加用前列地尔注射液和香丹注射液。观察记录腹痛缓解、大便潜血阴性及肠黏膜愈合时间等指标。结果显示,治疗组在腹痛缓解、大便潜血恢复及肠黏膜愈合时间方面明显优于对照组(P〈0.05)。结果表明,前列地尔注射液联合香丹注射液治疗缺血性结肠炎疗效显著。  相似文献   

19.
Background: Eltanolone is a short-acting intravenous anaesthetic, formulated as an oil-water emulsion. The aim of the present study was to estimate the anaesthetic dose (ED50) for induction in children 6–10 and 11–15 years of age and to collect safety data. Methods: Forty-nine unpremedicated children, all ASA I or II, divided in one pilot-study group, with 5 children 6–15 years and two main study groups, 6–10 and 11–15 years of age, were studied. The first patient in each study group was given 0.86mg/kg of eltanolone iv over 20s. Fifty s after injection the chin was gently lifted to ‘the sniffing position’ and the anaesthesia mask was placed over the face. Induction was considered satisfactory if there was no gross movement, coughing or response to verbal command during the following 15s. The dose selected for the next patient was based on the observed response: if induction was not classified as satisfactory the dose was increased by a factor of 20%, otherwise it was decreased by the same factor. ED50 was estimated as described by Dixon and Massey. Results: In children 6–10 years of age ED50 was 0.68 (0.49-0.92; 95% confidence limits) mg/kg and in children 11–15 years of age 0.53 (0.41-0.68) mg/kg. No child showed sign of pain on injection. One patient developed urticaria and 15 patients had transient rash after induction. Two patients (both responders receiving 0.86 and 0.40mg/kg respectively) had apnoea lasting more than 15 s. Involuntary movements occurred in one patient. Conclusions: The ED50 of eltanolone for induction of anaesthesia in unpremedicated children 6–10 years of age was 0.68 mg/kg and in children 11–15 years of age 0.53 mg/kg. The findings suggest that an induction dose for children 6–15 years of age of about l mg/kg would be adequate in most cases. No serious adverse events were recorded. However, the drug has subsequently been withdrawn from further investigation due to an unacceptable incidence of rash and urticaria.  相似文献   

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