慢性前列腺炎诊断标准的再认识

慢性前列腺炎是泌尿外科最常见而又充满困惑的疾病之一,其患病率高、治愈率低、复发率高。慢性前列腺炎患者的生活质量较低。本文根据《前列腺炎诊断治疗指南》中对前列腺炎分类及诊断结合临床研究进行分析,发现目前对前列腺炎的分类、诊断中存在不足之处,并进行了多中心的研究,从而提出建立以症状为核心的诊断标准的建议,对于探索前列腺炎的诊断标准及疗效评价有重要意义。     

应用中成药治疗慢性前列腺炎的体会

<正>慢性前列腺炎(chronic prostatitis,CP)是中青年男性的常见病、多发病,据报道,我国20~79岁的男性前列腺炎患病率为2.6%~8.7%。在其治疗效果上,无论是泌尿外科医生还是患者均不满意,成为临床上棘手的问题。     

感染与慢性前列腺炎关系的研究进展

慢性前列腺炎(chronic prostatitis,CP)是最令泌尿外科医生困惑不解,而且束手无策的疾病,主要原因是慢性前列腺炎尤其是非细菌性前列腺炎的发病机理至今不甚清楚,诊治方法也纷乱复杂,没有规范化和系统化.     

前列腺炎导致男性不育的研究进展

前列腺炎作为泌尿外科的常见病,可达泌尿外科门诊量的四分之一,发病人数正在逐年增加。尤其是慢性前列腺炎,其对患者生活质量产生影响的同时也常令医生感到棘手。男性健康问题近年来也倍受关注,其中的男性不育症更是值得关注的疾病。目前已有较多研究表明前列腺炎通过多种机制导致男性不育,本文就前列腺炎与男性不育的相关性研究进行综述。     

慢性前列腺炎致病菌变化新趋势

慢性前列腺炎致病菌变化新趋势王积安，刘继英，张爱民，杨树屏，唐东起，单金海，郭志刚，马富俊，周长华关键词慢性前列腺炎，细菌性，药物敏感试验，致病菌株中图法分类号Ｒ６９７．３３慢性前列腺炎是泌尿外科的常见病，属较难治愈的疾病之一。我院自１９９３年１月以...     

锌硒宝佐治慢性非细菌性前列腺炎的疗效

慢性前列腺炎是中青年男性的常见病、多发病,成年人的患病率约为5%～8%,该病病因复杂,病程较长,难以根治,已成为泌尿外科的主要难题之一.根据美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)的前列腺炎分类方法,将前列腺炎分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型[1],其中Ⅲ型前列腺炎为慢性非细菌性前列腺炎(CNP),为临床最常见类型[2].我科从2003年9月～2004年9月对40例CNP患者给予口服锌硒宝治疗,取得满意疗效,现报告如下.     

慢性前列腺炎与前列腺液关系研究现状

慢性前列腺炎是泌尿外科常见病,目前临床尚无特异性诊断方法.除前列腺液常规检查外,研究慢性前列腺炎前列腺液细胞学、细胞因子、微生物学等改变有助于慢性前列腺炎诊断、治疗.     

低能微波经会阴照射治疗慢性前列腺炎（附312例报告）

低能微波经会阴照射治疗慢性前列腺炎（附３１２例报告）吴逵，董晓程，姚正子，金际好，王家武关键词前列腺炎，微波中图法分类号Ｒ６９７．３３慢性前列腺炎是泌尿外科常见病、多发病，约占门诊病人的３０％。由于其单纯药物治疗效果不理想，病程迁延反复，又可导致性功...     

低能微波经会阴照射治疗慢性前列腺炎

慢性前列腺炎是泌尿外科的常见病、多发病，约占门诊病人的30%。由于其单纯药物治疗效果不理想．病程迁延反复，又可导致性功能障碍及男性不育。因此属泌尿外科门诊较棘手的难题。目前本病多采用综合疗法。我们应用合肥宏泰电子研究所生产的WQZ智能微波前列腺治疗仪治疗慢性前列腺炎312例，取得较好的疗效，现报道如下。     

阿莫仙、悉复欢、百炎净对慢性前列腺炎的近期疗效对比观察

慢性前列腺炎是泌尿外科常见病之一,目前统计其发病率达60%以上。我科自1992年9月至1993年1月用阿莫仙(羟氨苄青霉素)、悉复欢(环丙氟哌酸)、百炎净(复方磺胺甲基异恶唑)分别对43例慢性前列腺炎患者进行临床对比治疗观察,现报告如下。1 对象与方法1．1 观察对象本组43例,均系我院泌尿外科门诊病人,年龄     

Prevalence of sexual dysfunction in Chinese men with chronic prostatitis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of sexual dysfunction in Chinese men with chronic prostatitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2000 men diagnosed as having chronic prostatitis using the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Index and analysis of expressed prostatic secretions. The survey was designed to elicit information about age, height, weight, occupation and history of disease and treatment. The erectile capacity of the men was assessed using the five-question version of the International Index of Erectile Function. RESULTS: Of the 2000 men with chronic prostatitis selected, 1786 completed the survey; the overall prevalence of sexual dysfunction in these patients was 49%. The prevalence of premature ejaculation and erectile dysfunction accounted for 26% and 15%, respectively; 7.7% had both premature ejaculation and erectile dysfunction. There was a negative correlation between prevalence and age, and with the duration of chronic prostatitis (both P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence rate of sexual dysfunction in Chinese men with chronic prostatitis is high and related to age.     

Management of prostatitis

Prostatitis is a common clinical entity with a prevalence rate of 5-9% and accounts for over 2 million hospital visits annually in the USA. It is traditionally classified into acute bacterial, chronic bacterial, abacterial prostatitis and prostatodynia. The recent consensus conference of the US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases in 2000 resulted in renewed interest in the prevalence, etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of the prostatitis syndromes. In this review, we present the contemporary knowledge and experience regarding the etiology, classification, evaluation and treatment of this condition including the role of transurethral microwave hyperthermia and transurethral needle ablation.     

慢性前列腺炎与性功能障碍的调查分析

目的 :调查慢性前列腺炎患者性功能障碍的患病率及其与年龄、病程的关系。　方法 :对 2 0 0 0例患者进行了问卷调查 ,内容包括 :①年龄、身高、体重、职业、病程、治疗情况等 ;②国际前列腺炎症状评分指数表 (NIH CPSI) ;③勃起功能国际指数问卷 5 (IIEF 5 )。　结果 :176 8份调查表有效 (88.4 % )。慢性前列腺炎患者性功能障碍的患病率为 4 9.0 % ,其中 ,早泄占 2 6 .4 % ,勃起功能障碍占 14 .9% ,早泄合并勃起功能障碍占 7.7%。　结论 :慢性前列腺炎患者性功能障碍的患病率较高 ,患病率与患者年龄及病程呈负相关。     

前列腺炎诊治中几个问题的探讨

目的提高前列腺炎的诊治水平。方法对近5年来临床工作中遇到的前列腺炎漏诊、误诊及认识有误的病例进行分析、探讨。结果有12例急性前列腺炎被误诊、漏诊，其中5例误诊为上呼吸道感染，7例诊断为尿路感染。15例前列腺增生（BPH）伴慢性前列腺炎者，漏诊了前列腺炎。17例慢性前列腺炎伴有其它泌尿生殖系疾病者，漏诊了其中之一。15例前列腺液常规中白细胞数与前列腺炎严重程度及治疗效果不一致。4例B超检查提示前列腺炎，患者无不适，按前列腺炎治疗后反而出现症状。结论前列腺炎诊治中尚存在一些问题。临床工作中需开阔思路，多做肛指检查。对症状、体征、前列腺液检查、B超检查结果等进行综合考虑，才能作出正确的诊断和治疗。     

Prevalence of chronic prostatitis symptoms in a randomly surveyed adult population of urban-community-dwelling Nigerian males

Objectives:   Chronic prostatitis is a debilitating disease of the prostate gland that is characterized by chronic pelvic pain. Unlike the developed world, the prevalence of chronic prostatitis and its impact on the quality of life (QOL) of the sufferer is not known in Nigeria. This work was carried out to fill this vacuum.
Methods:   A random cross-sectional survey of apparently normal men of ages 20–70 years, living in Nsukka, a university town in South-eastern Nigeria, using the National Institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) was carried out. The self reported pain and QOL scores were used to identify subjects with chronic prostatitis symptoms and the subjects' QOL status, respectively.
Results:   Of the 1507 men studied, 12.21% had symptoms suggestive of chronic prostatitis. Subjects with chronic prostatitis symptoms (CPS) (mean relative age 40.98 ± 12.51 years) had higher mean pain and voiding scores (5.65 ± 1.99 and 2.61 ± 2.23, respectively) compared with subjects without CPS (0.44 ± 0.73 and 1.29 ± 1.70 for pain and voiding scores, respectively; mean relative age 41.99 ± 12.99 years). A total of 39.62% of the population had pain in at least one location, while 22.69% of the population had impaired QOL.
Conclusion:   Chronic prostatitis symptoms are as common in Nigeria as they are in the developed world, and so are their effects on the QOL of the sufferer.     

Pearls: Simple method for chain cystography

Acute prostatitis usually is caused by aerobic gram-negative organisms or, to a lesser extent, the enterococci. The treatment of acute prostatitis requires the use of an antimicrobial with the appropriate spectrum for ten to fourteen days. However, treatment of chronic prostatitis is a more difficult therapeutic problem because of the relative impermeability of the noninflamed prostate to the majority of antimicrobial agents. The organisms most commonly responsible for chronic prostatitis include the aerobic gram-negative organisms, as well as chlamydia. Chlamydia may be the sole pathogens, or may be found as a copathogen with gram-negative organisms. Relatively few antibiotics have the appropriate physiochemical characteristics to penetrate the subacutely inflamed prostate. The most important determinant of tissue penetration in chronic prostatitis is the lipid solubility of the antibiotic, to a lesser extent its pKa (ionization potential), and the molecular size of the antibiotic. In general, penicillins, cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides do not penetrate well into the chronically inflamed prostate tissue. At the present time, the preferred agents in treating chronic prostatitis are trimethoprim or doxycycline. Doxycycline has the advantage of being active against chlamydia as well as the usual organisms that are responsible for chronic prostatitis. Therapy should be continued for two to three months.     

慢性前列腺炎诊疗进展

慢性前列腺炎 (CP)尤其非细菌性前列腺炎 (NBP)———慢性骨盆疼痛综合征 (CPPS)发病机理至今不甚明了 ,人群发病率为 2 .5 %～ 16 % ,几乎各个年龄组和种族均可发病。 2 0世纪 90年代以来 ,在国际前列腺炎协作网(IPCN)、美国国立卫生院慢性前列腺炎协作研究网 (NIH CPCRN)等国际研究机构的协调下 ,各国研究者对CP的病因、诊断、治疗等诸方面进行了较以往更大规模的广泛、深入的研究。近年来的主要成果有 :CP多因素、多步骤的发病机制、新的临床分类系统、症状评分体系 (NIH CPSI)的建立、新的诊断标准及规范化临床评估、治疗新技术的尝试等等。今后的研究重点包括分类系统的进一步完善 ,治疗方法、药物验证及筛选等方面。     

The prevalence of erectile dysfunction and its relation to chronic prostatitis in Chinese men

This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) and to explore its correlation to chronic prostatitis in China. A cross-sectional investigation from a large cohort study of Chinese men was used in this survey. A questionnaire consisting of general information regarding socio-demographics, chronic disease history, sexual function, the National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index, and the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) was administered to 15 000 Chinese men aged from 15 to 60. The prevalence of ED was determined from the patient's self-evaluation and IIEF-5 score. The eligible individual both was married and had intercourse experience. In total, there were 12 743 respondents, giving a response rate of 84.95%. Among 7372 eligible men, ED prevalence as assessed by self-report and IIEF-5 score was 12.0% and 17.1%, respectively. Among 771 men with prostatitis-like symptoms, ED prevalence as assessed by self-report and IIEF-5 score was 39.3% and 30.1%, respectively. Among 370 men suffering from chronic prostatitis, ED prevalence as assessed by self-report and IIEF-5 score was 40.5% and 35.1%, respectively. The prevalence of self-reported and IIEF-5 score-assessed ED had high correlation with increasing age among all eligible men, men with prostatitis-like symptoms, and men with chronic prostatitis (P(t) < .05, P(s) < .05, P(cp) < .05). ED prevalence as assessed by both self-report and IIEF-5 score was higher in men with prostatitis-like symptoms and with chronic prostatitis than in the general group (P(s) < .05, P(cp) < .05). The prevalence of ED was higher in the prostatitis population than in the general population with either self-reported or IIEF-5 score assessment. The prevalence was higher with self-reported than with IIEF-5 assessment in men with prostatitis. Estimates of ED prevalence among men with prostatitis should not rely on self-reporting alone in that this is likely to overestimate the true prevalence.     

Changes in N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) in prostatitis patients

NAG was measured before and after treatment and compared in 11 acute prostatitis patients, 13 chronic prostatitis patients and 10 healthy volunteers. Urinary NAG before treatment was 34.1 +/- 18.4 U/l in the acute prostatitis patients and was significantly higher than that in the healthy volunteers, which was 5.1 +/- 1.2 U/l. It was 8.5 +/- 3.2 U/l in the chronic prostatitis patients. Urinary NAG after treatment decreased and was 7.6 +/- 4.4 U/l and 6.7 +/- 1.7 U/l in the acute and chronic prostatitis groups, respectively. These results suggest that urinary NAG is useful in evaluating the changes in the condition of prostatitis and in diagnosing prostatitis, especially acute prostatitis.