汉族人银屑病患者IL-23R单核苷酸多态性的研究

目的:探讨白细胞介素-23受体(IL-23R)基因多态性与中国汉族人群银屑病易感性的关系。方法:在NCBI数据库上检索IL-23R的7个SNP位点(rs11209026、rs1004819、rs10489629、rs1343151、rs10889677、rs11209032、rs1495965)。从门诊病人中收集银屑病患者93例,选择健康献血员108例作为正常对照,检测共201例样品中7个SNP位点突变情况。多态性及其单倍型与银屑病相对危险度等数据处理均采用SPSS软件系统进行。结果:7个Tag SNP位点中有4个等位基因(rs1004819、rs1343151、rs10889677、rs1495965)频率在病例组和对照组之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:IL-23R基因多态性与汉族人银屑病易感性有关联。其中4个SNP位点(rs1004819、rs1343151、rs10889677、rs1495965)与银屑病发病明显相关。     

IL-23R基因多态性与宁夏地区银屑病易感性的研究

目的分析宁夏地区人群中白细胞介素23受体(IL-23R)基因多态性与寻常性银屑病易感性的关系。方法在宁夏地区101例寻常性银屑病患者和103例正常对照组中,应用TaqMan探针荧光聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术对IL-23R基因的5个SNP位点(rs10489629,rs10889677,rs1495965,rs1343151,rs11209032)进行基因分型。实验数据用Haploview4.2软件进行统计分析。结果 IL-23R基因的5个SNP位点等位基因频率在患者组和对照组之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),连锁不平衡分析显示,rs11209032和rs1495965位点之间有一定的连锁不平衡(D'=0.957,r~2=0.821)。对这2个位点进行单倍型分析仍未发现有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论 IL-23R基因的rs11209032,rs1343151,rs10489629,rs10889677,rs1495965位点可能与宁夏地区人群寻常性银屑病易感性不相关。     

IL-12B和IL-23R基因多态性与中国汉族人银屑病易感性关联研究

目的 探讨中国汉族人群中IL-12B和IL-23R基因多态性与银屑病易感性的关系。方法 在217例银屑病患者和288例正常人对照中,采用DNA直接测序法对IL-12B和IL-23R基因的多态性位点进行基因分型,并将阳性结果在一个更大的包括578例银屑病患者和1422例正常人对照的整合样本群中,使用Taqman探针荧光PCR技术进行重复检验。实验数据进行Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验、卡方检验、单倍型分析和Logistic回归模型分析。结果 IL-12B rs6887695位点等位基因频率在病例组与对照组之间差异有统计学意义,OR = 1.33（95% CI 1.03 ~ 1.73）,P = 0.028;IL-23R rs11465817和rs1343152位点等位基因频率在病例组与对照组之间差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。连锁不平衡分析发现,rs11465817和rs1343152位点之间有一定的连锁不平衡（D′ = 0.744,r2 = 0.281）。对2个位点进行单倍型分析发现,A-A ∶ OR = 2.890,P = 0.0018,提示这一单倍型具有显著的发病风险。结论 IL-12B基因rs6887695多态性与中国汉族人群银屑病易感性相关;IL-23R基因rs11465817、IL-23R基因rs1343152位点多态性与中国汉族人群银屑病易感性无显著相关性,但是,IL-23R基因rs11465817-rs1343152位点A-A单倍型的中国汉族人具有更高的银屑病发病风险。     

关节病型银屑病与强直性脊柱炎易感基因关联研究

目的：对关节病型银屑病与强直性脊柱炎的易感基因进行关联分析,以期发现共同的易感基因。方法：以379例关节病型银屑病（PsA）、595例寻常型银屑病（PsV）及806例健康对照为样本,以Sequenom MassARRAY 系统为平台,对全基因组关联研究发现的强直性脊柱炎的9个易感基因SNP位点进行基因分型和数据分析。结果：ERAP1基因（rs27037,P=6.66×10-5,OR：1.43）、21q22.2（rs2242944,P =1.07×10-3, OR：0.73）及IL23R基因（rs1004819,P=4.58×10-3,OR：1.28）与PsA相关。ERAP1（ rs27037, P=1.56×10-4,OR：1.35）与PsV相关。ERAP1基因对于PsA和PsV的患病风险无差异。IL23R基因(rs1004819)及21q22.2（rs2242944）在PsA和PsV患病风险上存在中等程度的异质性（I2值分别为57.41和71.20）,但P值无明显差异（小于0.05）。 IL23R基因（rs11209032,p=1.57×10-3,OR:1.52）与PsA脊柱炎相关。结论：ERAP1基因、21q22.2区域及IL23R基因是PsA与强直性脊柱炎共有的易感基因。     

内蒙古汉族寻常型银屑病REL基因多态位点检测

目的：检测内蒙古汉族人寻常型银屑病（PsV）患者禽网状内皮组织增殖病毒癌基因V-Rel同源基因（REL）的多态性。方法：提取301例PsV患者及292例正常对照外周血DNA,利用连接酶检测反应检测REL基因区域的4个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）（rs702873、rs842636、rs13031237 和 rs13017599）。结果：PsV患者rs702873和rs842636的等位基因频率分别为0.126和0.128,对照组中分别为0.182和0.181,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)且rs702873和rs842636间存在强连锁不平衡（D’=0.993,r2=0.980）。rs13031237和rs13017599等位基因频率在PsV患者和对照组中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论：REL基因位点（rs702873和rs842636）多态性可能与内蒙古汉族人PsV的易感性相关。     

Toll样受体9基因多态性与尖锐湿疣的研究

目的 探讨Toll样受体9的单核苷酸多态性与尖锐湿疣（CA）发病的相关性。方法 抽取63例CA患者和23例正常人对照组的外周静脉血,采用TLR9基因直接测序的方法分析TLR9受体的单核苷酸多态性。结果 TLR9基因自翻译起始点第1174、1635、1269、1724位均存在单核苷酸多态性位点,分别称为SNP1、SNP2、SNP3和SNP4,其中SNP3、SNP4为新发现位点,SNP1、SNP2为NCBI数据库中公布的位点,登录号分别为rs352139、rs352140。CA患者与正常人对照组的SNP1位点的等位基因A的频率分别为0.690、0.609,等位基因G的频率0.309、0.391,两组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）。SNP2位点的等位基因A的频率分别为0.302、0.369,等位基因G的频率0.698、0.630,两组间比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）。SNP1、SNP2两个多态性位点存在4种单倍体型,分别为AA、AG、GA、GG。每种单倍体型在CA患者组和正常人对照组间比较差异均无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）。结论 TLR9基因在广东汉族人群中存在4个单核苷酸多态性位点,分别为SNP1、SNP2、SNP3、SNP4。SNP1、SNP2两位点与CA的发病易感性可能无相关性。     

NOD2基因单核苷酸多态性与彝族麻风病相关性研究

【摘要】 目的 探讨NOD2基因单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点与中国彝族人群麻风病的关系。方法 单碱基延伸法（SNaP shot）检测300例彝族麻风病患者和300例彝族健康对照NOD2基因的4个SNP位点：rs9302752、rs7194886、rs8057341、rs3135499的基因型。 结果 4个位点的基因型分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P > 0.05）,rs3135499位点的基因型频率和等位基因频率在麻风病组和对照组间的差异有统计学意义（均P < 0.01）。rs9302752、rs7194886、rs8057341位点的基因型频率和等位基因频率在麻风病组和对照组间的差异无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。 结论 NOD2基因单核甘酸多态性位点rs3135499与中国彝族人群麻风病发病相关。 【关键词】 麻风; 彝族; 多态性,单核苷酸; 基因,NOD2     

内蒙古蒙古族和汉族人群白细胞介素12通路相关基因多态性与寻常型银屑病相关性及与HLA-Cw*0602交互作用研究

【摘要】 目的 探讨白细胞介素12（IL-12）通路相关基因多态性与内蒙古蒙古族和汉族寻常型银屑病患者的遗传相关性及与HLA-Cw*0602的交互作用。方法 收集2012年12月至2018年3月于内蒙古医科大学附属医院住院的寻常型银屑病患者1 409例为病例组,其中汉族1 030例,蒙古族379例,健康对照组1 483例,其中汉族965例,蒙古族518例。采集受试者外周静脉血5 ml提取DNA,选择位于IL-12B（rs2082412、rs2288831、rs3212227、rs3213094、rs7709212）、IL-23R（rs11209026、rs2201841、rs7530511）、IL-28RA（rs4649203）基因区域的9个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）,利用二代测序法进行基因多态性检测,利用序列特异性引物PCR对HLA-Cw*0602进行基因分型。利用PLINK1.07软件进行统计分析,χ2检验比较两组等位基因频率,并计算等位基因的相对危险度估计值比值比（OR）,R × C列联表卡方检验进行单倍型分析。结果 IL-12B基因rs2082412、rs2288831、rs3212227、rs3213094、rs7709212等位基因频率在汉族病例组显著低于汉族对照组（P < 0.005）;IL-12B基因rs3213094等位基因频率在蒙古族病例组显著低于蒙古族对照组（P < 0.005）。汉族和蒙古族病例组HLA-Cw*0602阳性率均显著高于相应民族对照组（P < 0.005）。分层分析显示,汉族HLA-Cw*0602阳性病例组IL-12B基因rs2082412、rs2288831、rs3212227、rs3213094、rs7709212等位基因频率显著低于汉族对照组（P < 0.005）,而阴性病例组与汉族对照组各等位基因频率差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。蒙古族HLA-Cw*0602阳性或阴性病例组各等位基因频率与相应对照组差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.005）。分析IL-12B基因区域的5个SNP构建单倍型,在汉族、蒙古族病例组和对照组中6个单倍型分析差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.005）。基于HLA-Cw*0602分层的IL-12B基因多态性单倍型分析,蒙古族、汉族7个单倍型无论HLA-Cw*0602阳性和阴性病例组及对照组中的频率差异无统计学意义（P > 0.005）。HLA-Cw*0602阳性和阴性蒙古族病例组和对照组,单倍型GATGT频率在两组间差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论 IL-12通路相关基因多态性与内蒙古蒙古族、汉族人群寻常型银屑病具有相关性,且IL-12B与HLA-Cw*0602在寻常型银屑病发病过程中可能存在交互作用。     

TNIP1基因多态性与中国北方汉族寻常性银屑病关联性分析

目的 探讨人肿瘤坏死因子α诱导蛋白3（TNFAIP3）相互作用蛋白1（TNIP1）基因多态性与中国北方汉族人寻常性银屑病的遗传关联性。 方法 收集寻常性银屑病患者465例,健康对照476例。受试者知情同意后采集外周静脉血5 ml。选择位于TNIP1基因区域的3个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）,即rs17728338、rs3762999和rs999556,利用连接酶检测反应基因分型。利用PLINK1.07软件进行统计分析,卡方检验比较病例组及对照组等位基因频率及基因型频率,计算等位基因的相对危险度估计值比值比OR及其95%可信区间（95% CI）。对 3个SNP间进行连锁不平衡检验,计算两两间的r2和D′值。 结果 位于TNIP1基因区域的3个SNP在病例组和对照组中等位基因频率分布存在差异,但rs3762999和rs999556未达到Bonferroni校正水平。在显性模式下,rs3762999、rs999556的基因型频率在病例组和对照组间差异有统计学意义,达到Bonferroni校正水平（P < 0.016 7）。分层分析发现,3个SNP的等位基因频率、基因型频率在有家族史寻常性银屑病患者与健康对照组间的差异均具有统计学意义（均P < 0.016 7）,rs17728338等位基因A的频率在寻常性银屑病组及各型（早发型、晚发型、有家族史、无家族史）病例组均显著高于对照组（均P < 0.0167）。rs3762999与 rs999556间存在强连锁不平衡（r2 = 0.910,D′ = 0.982）,rs17728338与rs3762999和rs999556之间有中等程度的连锁不平衡（r2分别为0.371和0.353,D′分别为0.989和1）。 结论 TNIP1基因多态性rs17728338、rs3762999及rs999556与汉族人寻常性银屑病具有相关性。     

内质网氨基肽酶1基因rs27044、rs30187和rs26653多态性与汉族寻常性银屑病相关性研究

目的 探讨内质网氨基肽酶1（ERAP1）基因多态性与汉族人寻常性银屑病的遗传关联性。 方法 收集寻常性银屑病患者289例,对照组292例,知情同意后采集外周静脉血5 ml。选择位于ERAP1基因编码区域的3个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）,利用连接酶检测反应进行基因分型（rs27044、rs30187和rs26653）。利用PLINK1.07软件进行统计分析,χ2检验比较患者组与对照组等位基因频率及基因型频率,计算等位基因的相对危险度估计值比值比（OR）及其95%可信区间（95% CI）。利用Haploview软件进行单倍型分析。 结果 rs30187等位基因C及rs26653等位基因G在患者组的频率（分别为0.460 2和0.430 8）、尤其是早发型组中的频率（0.448 5和0.422 7）均明显低于对照组（0.534 2和0.501 7）,差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。rs27044、rs30187及rs26653这3个SNP两两间均存在强连锁不平衡（r2 ≥ 0.717,D′ ≥ 0.962）。基因型分析结果显示,在隐性遗传模式下,rs30187在患者组及早发型组的基因型频率均显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P值分别 < 0.05和 < 0.016 7）。单倍型分析发现,单倍型（H4：CTC）在患者组的频率（0.050）、尤其是早发型组的频率（0.052）均明显高于对照组（0.022）,差异均有统计学意义（P值分别 < 0.05、 < 0.016 7）。 结论 ERAP1基因多态性与汉族人寻常性银屑病可能相关,特别是早发型患者。危险单倍型（H4：CTC）可能是寻常性银屑病一个重要的易感因素。     

New fillers for the new man

ABSTRACT:  Two new collagen-based lidocaine-containing dermal fillers, ArteSense™/ArteFill™ (Artes Medical, San Diego, CA) and Evolence® (Colbar LifeScience Ltd., Herzliya, Israel), have proved to be of particular interest to men, many of whom seek a long-lasting or permanent correction. ArteFill™ has been available in the United States since 2006, and it is expected that Evolence® will reach the American market in 2008. The properties of the two products will be described, and experience based on the administration of many hundreds of syringes of both products by a Canadian dermatologist will be detailed here, with tips and precautions to optimize patient outcomes.     

Outcomes and adverse effects of ablative vs nonablative lasers for skin resurfacing: A systematic review of 1093 patients

It is generally believed that ablative laser therapies result in prolonged healing and greater adverse events when compared with nonablative lasers for skin resurfacing. To evaluate the efficacy of ablative laser use for skin resurfacing and adverse events as a consequence of treatment in comparison to other modalities, a PRISMA‐compliant systematic review (Systematic Review Registration Number: 204016) of twelve electronic databases was conducted for the terms “ablative laser” and “skin resurfacing” from March 2002 until July 2020. Studies included meta‐analyses, randomized control trials, cohort studies, and case reports to facilitate evaluation of the data. All articles were evaluated for bias. The search strategy produced 34 studies. Of 1093 patients included in the studies of interest, adverse events were reported in a total of 106 patients (9.7%). Higher rates of adverse events were described in nonablative therapies (12.2% ± 2.19%, 31 events) when compared with ablative therapy (8.28% ± 2.46%, 81 events). 147 patients (13.4%) reported no side effects, 68 (6.22%) reported expected, transient self‐resolving events, and five (0.046%) presented with hypertrophic scarring. Excluding transient events, ablative lasers had fewer complications overall when compared with nonablative lasers (2.56% ± 2.19% vs 7.48% ± 3.29%). This systematic review suggests ablative laser use for skin resurfacing is a safe and effective modality to treat a range of pathologies from photodamage and acne scars to hidradenitis suppurativa and posttraumatic scarring from basal cell carcinoma excision. Further studies are needed, but these results suggest that ablative lasers are a superior, safe, and effective modality to treat damaged skin.     

Genetic alterations in RAS‐regulated pathway in acral lentiginous melanoma

Studies integrating clinicopathological and genetic features have revealed distinct patterns of genomic aberrations in Melanoma. Distributions of BRAF or NRAS mutations and gains of several oncogenes differ among melanoma subgroups, while 9p21 deletions are found in all melanoma subtypes. In the study, status of genes involved in cell cycle progression and apoptosis was evaluated in a panel of 17 frozen primary acral melanomas. NRAS mutations were found in 17% of the tumors. In contrast, BRAF mutations were not found. Gains of AURKA gene (20q13.3) were detected in 37.5% of samples, gains of CCND1 gene (11q13) or TERT gene (5p15.33) in 31.2% and gains of NRAS gene (1p13.2) in 25%. Alterations in 9p21 were identified in 69% of tumors. Gains of 11q13 and 20q13 were mutually exclusive, and 1p13.2 gain was associated with 5p15.33. Our findings showed that alterations in RAS‐related pathways are present in 87.5% of acral lentiginous melanomas.     

Self‐resolving superficial primary cutaneous mucormycosis in a 7‐week‐old infant

A 7‐week‐old girl, born at 30 weeks' gestational age, presented to clinic for evaluation of a crop of vesicular lesions that were noted after removal of a bandage that had been in place for 4 days. A punch biopsy of the lesion revealed fungal elements that were later identified as Rhizopus spp. The lesion began to self‐resolve, and no further treatment was needed, with full resolution of the lesion by 1 month after presentation. Clinicians should be aware of the variable presentations of mucormycosis and consider fungal infection in the differential diagnosis when evaluating vulnerable patients with skin eruptions.     

Multiple New-Onset Subcutaneous Nodules of the Upper Extremity Digits: Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath and Lipoma

A black woman with the concurrent onset of two subcutaneous nodules located on the digits of her upper extremities is described. Initially, a single systemic disorder was considered; yet, the lesions differed in morphology and consistency. Microscopic examination of the nodules showed a giant cell tumor of tendon sheath and a lipoma. Although Occam's “razor” suggests that multiple lesions in the same person are more likely to represent variable manifestations of a single disorder than several different diseases in that individual, the simultaneously appearing lesions in this patient represented two different conditions.