噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松对稳定期COPD患者肺功能及生活质量的影响

目的探讨噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松治疗稳定期COPD患者的临床疗效.方法选取符合标准的患者80例,随机分为观察组和对照组各40例,观察组应用噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松治疗,对照组单用沙美特罗替卡松,疗程6个月,比较二者肺功能及生活质量等改善情况.结果治疗6个月内,观察组患者急性加重次数明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.两组患者治疗前肺功能（FEV1、FEVl/FVC及FEVl/预计值）及生活质量（SGRQ评分）比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;治疗6个月后,两组患者肺功能及生活质量较治疗前均改善,差异有显著性（P＜0.05）,但是观察组改善程度优于对照组（P＜0.05）.结论噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松治疗稳定期COPD患者,可有效预防急性加重的发作,改善患者的肺功能,提高生活质量.     

Tiotropium bromide

Tiotropium bromide is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that antagonises muscarinic M(1), M(2) and M(3) receptors. It dissociates more slowly from M(1) receptors and, importantly, from M(3) receptors (which are located in bronchial smooth muscle) than from M(2) receptors and subsequently has a long duration of action permitting once-daily administration. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), tiotropium 18microg once daily significantly improved lung function compared with placebo and ipratropium 40microg four times daily in 1-year trials or salmeterol 50microg twice daily in a 6-month study. The incidence of COPD exacerbations decreased and use of rescue medication was lower with tiotropium compared with placebo or ipratropium. There was no evidence of tachyphylaxis during 1-year treatment with tiotropium. Compared with placebo, salmeterol and ipratropium, tiotropium produced significant improvements in patients' perception of dyspnoea and health-related quality of life. Tiotropium is generally well tolerated; dry mouth is the most common drug-related adverse event, occurring in about 10 to 16% of patients in clinical trials.     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/氟替卡松治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床疗效

目的观察噻托溴铵与沙美特罗/氟替卡松联合治疗对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的疗效。方法选取我院2013年3月至2015年1月收治的COPD患者40例,随机分为对照组与治疗组,对照组予以单纯沙美特罗/氟替卡松治疗,治疗组予以噻托溴铵与沙美特罗/氟替卡松联合治疗,对比两组治疗前后肺功能指标、动脉血气参数、呼吸困难评分、再入院率、不良反应。结果治疗前两组FEV1、FVC、FEV1%Pred、Pa O2、Pa CO2、呼吸困难评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后治疗组平均FEV1、FVC、FEV1%Pred、Pa O2、Pa CO2、呼吸困难评分分别为(1.36±0.42)L、(2.48±0.48)L、50.12±10.30、(10.17±1.02)k Pa、(5.05±1.22)k Pa、(1.57±0.74)分,均显著优于治疗前,且优于同期对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组出院后病情平均急性加重(1.13±0.16)次,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组4例咽部不适、1例窦性心动过速,均未影响正常治疗(P>0.05)。结论噻托溴铵与沙美特罗/氟替卡松联合治疗COPD能持久、稳定、显著地改善动脉血气、肺功能指标及呼吸状况,不良反应不明显,安全有效。     

噻托溴铵对稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者呼吸功能及生活质量的影响

目的：探讨噻托溴铵在稳定期COPD患者治疗中的价值。方法80例稳定期COPD患者按随机数字表法分为观察组40例和对照组40例,对照组采用沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上加用噻托溴铵治疗,比较两组疗效。结果两组治疗前呼吸困难评分、肺功能指标（ FEV1、FEV1/FVC）和生活质量评分差异均无统计学意义（t＝0．34、0．85、0．93、0．73,均P＜0．05）。观察组治疗后呼吸困难评分显著低于对照组,肺功能指标（ FEV1、FEV1/FVC）和生活质量评分均显著高于对照组（ t＝1．98、13．75、9．51、5.87,均P＜0．05）。两组均无严重不良反应出现。结论噻托溴铵能够显著改善稳定期COPD患者的肺功能,减轻呼吸困难,提高运动耐力。     

联合应用沙美特罗替卡松与噻托溴铵对慢性阻塞性肺疾病肺功能的疗效

目的：联合应用沙美特罗替卡松与噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）,并观察其疗效。方法：将88例中重度COPD患者随机分为3组,联合治疗组给予吸入沙美特罗替卡松50/500μg,每日2次与噻托溴铵干粉剂18μg,每日1次;噻托溴铵组给予吸入噻托溴铵干粉剂18μg,每日1次;沙美特罗替卡松组给予吸入沙美特罗替卡松50/500μg,每日2次,在治疗前及治疗后测定肺功能。结果：与同组治疗前相比,治疗后噻托溴铵组、沙美特罗替卡松组、联合治疗组第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）显著提高（P〈0.05）,第1秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量、第1秒用力呼气容积/预计值均较治疗前改善（P〈0.05）;联合治疗组第1秒用力呼气容积、第1秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量（FEV1/FVC）、第1秒用力呼气容积/预计值改善优于沙美特罗替卡松组、噻托溴铵组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂联合噻托溴铵粉吸入剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病疗效肯定,优于单用一种药物治疗,值得临床进一步推广应用及探讨。     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/福莫特罗对老年稳定期COPD患者肺功能的影响

目的:观察噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/福莫特罗对老年稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能的影响。方法:将64例老年稳定期COPD患者按随机数字表法均分为沙美特罗组和福莫特罗组。沙美特罗组患者给予噻托溴铵粉吸入剂,1粒/次(每次应用药粉吸入器吸入1粒),1次/d;沙美特罗-丙酸氟替卡松干粉吸入剂,1吸/次,2次/d。福莫特罗组患者给予噻托溴铵粉吸入剂,用法、用量同沙美特罗组;布地奈德福莫特罗粉吸入剂,1吸/次,2次/d。两组患者疗程均为12周。观察所有患者生活质量、呼吸困难程度和COPD评估测试(CAT),第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、占预计值百分比(FEV1%)、占用力肺活量比值(FEV1/FVC),动脉血氧气分压[pbt(O2)]、动脉血二氧化碳分压[pbt(CO2)],白介素(IL-)6、IL-8、IL-10、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-)α的变化及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后两组患者生活质量三个维度评分、呼吸困难分级和CAT评分、pbt(CO2)、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α水平均显著低于同组治疗前,FEV1、FEV1%、FEV1/FVC、pbt(O2)均显著高于同组治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),各指标组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。沙美特罗组不良反应发生率(3.13%)显著低于福莫特罗组(12.5%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/福莫特罗均可显著降低患者血浆炎症细胞因子水平,改善患者呼吸功能,提高患者生存质量,但噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗组的安全性更好。     

沙美特罗替卡松粉联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期的临床效果

目的 探究沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂联合噻托溴铵吸入剂在慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）急性加重期治疗中的应用价值。方法 将240例在河南省人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科治疗的COPD急性加重期患者作为研究对象，随机分成对照组和观察组，对照组采用以噻托溴铵吸入剂为主的基础治疗，观察组采用噻托溴铵吸入剂联合沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂治疗，比较两组人员的治疗效果、肺功能指标以及炎症因子水平。结果 与治疗前比较，治疗14 d后，对照组与观察组的用力肺活量（FVC）、第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、最大呼气流量（PEF）、第1秒用力呼气量占预计值的百分比（FEV1%）及每分钟最大通气量（MVV）均显著升高，且观察组显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。与治疗前比较，治疗后对照组、观察组氧分压（PaO₂）、氧饱和度（SaO₂）均显著升高，而二氧化碳分压（PaCO₂）均显著下降（P<0.05）；治疗14 d后，观察组SaO₂和PaO₂显著高于对照组，而PaCO₂显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗14 d后，对照组与观察组的气管壁厚度（WT）、器官壁总面积（WA）、管壁厚度/外径（T/D）均显著降低，官腔面积（AI）水平显著升高，且观察组均显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。对照组与观察组的血清降钙素原（PCT）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、C反应蛋白（CRP）水平均显著降低，可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体（sT-NFR）水平显著升高，且观察组显著优于对照组（P<0.05）。对照组与观察组的圣乔治呼吸问卷（SGRQ）评分均显著降低，且观察组显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松能够明显改善COPD急性加重期患者的肺功能、减轻炎症反应、提高生活质量。     

Salmeterol/fluticasone propionate: a review of its use in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Salmeterol/fluticasone propionate (Seretide, Advair, Viani) administered using a multidose dry powder inhaler (Diskus, Accuhaler) is approved for use in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in numerous countries.Salmeterol/fluticasone propionate administered twice daily via dry powder inhaler is effective and generally well tolerated in patients with COPD. Although not associated with a statistically significant reduction in mortality versus placebo in the TORCH study (p = 0.052), salmeterol/fluticasone propionate reduced the rate of decline in lung function over the 3 years of the trial and was associated with lower exacerbation rates than the component monotherapies or placebo; other trials revealed clinically significant improvements in health status and dyspnoea scores with salmeterol/fluticasone propionate. Results of the INSPIRE trial suggest that salmeterol/fluticasone propionate is associated with a significantly lower mortality rate than tiotropium bromide monotherapy in patients with COPD; the two treatments had similar effects in terms of exacerbation rates and lung function. Thus, salmeterol/fluticasone propionate is an important option in the treatment of patients with COPD who are appropriate candidates for combination therapy with a long-acting bronchodilator and an inhaled corticosteroid.     

沙美特罗/氟替卡松联合噻托溴铵治疗中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床疗效研究

目的：研究沙美特罗/氟替卡松联合噻托溴铵治疗中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的临床疗效。方法：68例中重度COPD患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,各34例,对照组给予沙美特罗/氟替卡松,治疗组在给予沙美特罗/氟替卡松的同时吸入噻托溴铵。比较两组治疗前后肺功能指标、呼吸困难评分和6min步行距离（6MWD）。结果：治疗12周后,治疗组肺功能指标（FEV1、FEV1/预计值、FVC和FEV1/FVC）显著改善,与对照组相比,差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。此外,治疗组治疗12周后呼吸困难评分显著下降,6MWD显著提高,与对照组相比,差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：沙美特罗/氟替卡松联合噻托溴铵治疗中重度COPD临床疗效显著,优于单独使用沙美特罗/氟替卡松。     

长、短效抗胆碱能药物对轻中度稳定期COPD患者的疗效比较

目的:比较异丙托溴铵气雾剂、噻托溴铵干粉剂治疗轻、中度稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者的疗效。方法:采用随机、单盲、平行对照试验设计,将42例稳定期COPD患者,随机分为噻托溴铵组(每次18μg,qd,吸入)和异丙托溴铵组(每次40μg,qid,吸入),2组疗程均为12周。结果:治疗6周末,2组间肺功能比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗12周末,噻托溴铵组第1秒用力肺活量(FEV1)、吸气峰流速(PEF)明显改善,与异丙托溴铵组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);噻托溴铵组症状评分、机体状况评分及精神状态评分均较异丙托溴铵组显著下降(P<0.05)。结论:噻托溴铵较异丙托溴铵更能改善轻、中度稳定期COPD患者的肺功能,并提高患者的生活质量。     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床效果

目的探讨噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床效果。方法选择88例患者,随机分为两组,各44例,观察组使用噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松治疗,对照组单纯使用噻托溴铵治疗。比较治疗后2周患者肺功能,并比较上午10：00测定的患者生活活动能力（ADL）评分和6min步行距离。结果观察组治疗后1周FEV1和FVC均显著大于对照组（P〈0．05）,FEV1／FVC和FEV1占预计值则显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）,生活活动能力评分显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）,且6min步行距离显著长于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松治疗COPD,能加快改善患者肺功能,且提高患者生活质量,值得临床推广。     

Tiotropium: an inhaled anticholinergic for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

PURPOSE: The pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, drug interactions, dosage and administration, and formulary considerations of tiotropium are discussed. SUMMARY: Tiotropium, a long-acting inhaled anticholinergic, recently received approval from the Food and Drug Administration for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In patients with COPD, increased parasympathetic nervous system activity leads to bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion. Tiotropium induces relaxation of the airway smooth muscle, as does ipratropium, but differs in receptor association and dissociation rates, allowing for once-daily administration. After inhalation, tiotropium reaches maximal plasma concentrations within five minutes, but clinical improvements in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) are maintained over 24 hours. Clinical trials of tiotropium with placebo, ipratropium, and salmeterol have demonstrated the efficacy of tiotropium in improving FEV(1) and forced vital capacity values and health-related quality of life. The most commonly observed adverse effect is dry mouth. No increase in adverse effects was observed when tiotropium was administered concomitantly with other drugs for COPD, including sympathomimetic bronchodilators and oral and inhaled corticosteroids. The combination of tiotropium and other anticholinergics has not been studied and is not recommended. The recommended dosage of tiotropium is the inhalation of an 18-mug capsule with a HandiHaler breath-actuated inhalation device once daily. CONCLUSION: Tiotropium appears to be at least as effective as currently available alternatives in the treatment of patients with COPD who require daily bronchodilator treatment. Its simplified dosing and tolerable adverse-effect profile can potentially lead to enhanced patient compliance.     

Indacaterol: a review of its use as maintenance therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Indacaterol inhalation powder (Onbrez? Breezhaler?) is a long-acting, selective β(2)-adrenoceptor agonist that is indicated for the maintenance bronchodilator treatment of airflow obstruction in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This article reviews the clinical efficacy and tolerability of indacaterol 150 and 300?μg once daily in adults with moderate to severe COPD, as well as reviewing indacaterol's pharmacological properties and results of a cost-utility analysis. Indacaterol has a fast onset of action after the first dose and is effective over 24 hours, allowing for once-daily administration. In short-term trials (≤21 days) in patients with COPD, once-daily indacaterol 150 or 300?μg significantly improved lung function, exercise endurance and lung hyperinflation relative to placebo. In large, longer-term clinical studies (12 weeks to 1 year) in patients with moderate to severe COPD, once-daily indacaterol 150 or 300?μg improved lung function (primary endpoint) significantly more than placebo, and improvements were significantly greater than twice-daily formoterol 12?μg or salmeterol 50?μg, and noninferior to once-daily tiotropium bromide 18?μg (all agents were administered via inhalation). Overall, indacaterol improved dyspnoea, use of rescue medication and general health status significantly more than placebo, salmeterol or tiotropium bromide, and the degree of improvement in these endpoints was similar to or greater than that achieved with formoterol. Improvements were sustained over the long term (1 year), with no evidence of tolerance. Combination therapy with indacaterol plus tiotropium bromide improved lung function, dyspnoea, rescue medication use and general health status significantly more than tiotropium bromide alone in patients with moderate to severe COPD. Indacaterol is generally well tolerated when used alone or in combination with tiotropium bromide in patients with COPD and has not been associated with any safety issues. The most common adverse event in clinical trials was COPD worsening, which occurred more commonly with placebo than indacaterol. Indacaterol was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular adverse events. In a cost-utility analysis from a German healthcare payer perspective, once-daily indacaterol 150?μg was dominant (i.e. more effective with lower total costs) to once-daily tiotropium bromide 18?μg and twice-daily salmeterol 50?μg in the treatment of patients with COPD. In conclusion, indacaterol provides a valuable option for the maintenance treatment of adults with COPD.     

噻托溴铵对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能的影响

目的 评价噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的疗效和安全性.方法 采用随机、双盲、平行对照方法,对轻、中度稳定期COPD患者吸入噻托溴铵(20例)与异丙托溴铵(20例)治疗4周,通过检测肺功能,观察其临床疗效.结果 用药后,噻托溴铵组患者第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)和用力肺活量(FVC)均显著增加(P<0.01);4周时,FEV1的增加较异丙托溴铵组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组应急药物应用情况及药物不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 噻托溴铵是治疗COPD患者有效和安全的支气管扩张药物,疗效显著而且安全可靠.     

Inhaled salmeterol: a review of its efficacy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Inhaled salmeterol is a long-acting, selective beta2-adrenoceptor agonist bronchodilator. The drug has been compared with placebo, ipratropium bromide and oral theophylline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in randomised, clinical trials. Inhaled salmeterol 50 microg twice daily produced significant improvement in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), equivalent to that obtained with inhaled ipratropium bromide 40 microg 4 times daily and greater than that obtained with placebo or oral theophylline in randomised trials. Use of as-needed salbutamol (albuterol) was significantly reduced during treatment with inhaled salmeterol or ipratropium bromide compared with placebo or oral theophylline. The time to first COPD exacerbation was significantly longer during 12 weeks of treatment with inhaled salmeterol 50 microg twice daily than ipratropium bromide 40 microg 4 times daily. Compared with baseline and placebo, patients treated for 16 weeks with salmeterol 50 microg (but not 100 microg) twice daily reported significant improvement in total St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores. Similarly, more patients treated with inhaled salmeterol 50 microg twice daily or ipratropium bromide 40 microg 4 times daily experienced an increase of > or = 10 points in Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ) scores, the minimum clinically significant increment. Compared with placebo, inhaled salmeterol 50 microg twice daily alone, or concurrent with ipratropium bromide 40 microg 4 times daily improved lung function and reduced symptoms in patients with stable COPD in a 12-week, randomised, double-blind study. Clinically meaningful improvement in CRQ scores was documented in significantly more patients treated with the combination of the 2 drugs than either salmeterol monotherapy or placebo. Inhaled salmeterol 50 microg twice daily plus oral theophylline had additive effects on lung function, increased the proportion of symptom-free days and decreased requirements for as-needed salbutamol compared with either agent alone according to a pooled analysis of 2 multicentre, randomised, double-blind studies. Conclusion: When used at the optimal dosage, 50 microg twice daily, salmeterol provides symptomatic relief and improves lung function and health-related quality of life in patients with COPD. Available evidence suggests that the drug is as effective as ipratropium bromide and more effective than oral theophylline in patients with COPD. Moreover salmeterol has additive effects when used in combination with inhaled ipratropium bromide or oral theophylline. These qualities make the drug suitable for first-line use in patients with COPD who require regular bronchodilator therapy to manage symptoms.     

吸入噻托溴铵治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床研究

目的:研究吸入噻托溴铵治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的治疗效果。方法:60例稳定期COPD患者随机分成2组,治疗组给予噻托溴铵吸入,对照组给予常规治疗,比较2组治疗前后肺功能、6min步行距离并评价临床症状积分。结果:与对照组比较,治疗组FEV1/FVC以及FEV1占预计值百分比明显增加,6min步行距离、临床症状明显改善(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:吸入噻托溴铵可有效改善肺功能并缓解临床症状。     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗／氟替卡松治疗稳定期C组慢性阻塞性肺疾病的疗效评价

目的 探讨噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/氟替卡松对稳定期C组慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者临床症状及肺功能的改善作用.方法 60例稳定期C组COPD患者随机分为治疗组30例,给予噻托溴铵吸入剂（18 μg,吸入,1次/d）联合沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松吸人剂（50μg/500μg,吸入,2次/d）治疗;对照组30例,给予按需吸入异丙托溴铵或沙丁胺醇气雾剂.治疗前、后8周运动耐量的变化及治疗前、治疗后8周后肺功能变化.结果 治疗8周后两组6 min步行距离（6MWD）值均较治疗前明显增加,而治疗组中各项指标改善显著优于对照组（P＜0.05）.治疗8周后两组FVC、FEV1,和FEV1％pred值均较治疗前明显增加（P＜0.05）,治疗组指标改善显著优于对照组（P＜0.05）.结论 噻托溴铵与沙美特罗/氟替卡松联合吸入治疗稳定期C组COPD患者,优于异丙托溴铵或沙丁胺醇按需吸入治疗.     

UPLIFT Study: the effects of long-term therapy with inhaled tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), inhaled tiotropium bromide, a long-acting anticholinergic, has been shown to exert a sustained bronchodilator effect and to be superior to ipratropium bromide, a short-acting formulation of the same pharmacological class. Objective: To discuss the effects of long-term therapy with tiotropium in COPD. Methods/results: Analysis of efficacy and safety data on tiotropium from a 4-year randomized placebo controlled study performed in moderate to very severe COPD patients. Tiotropium was found to reduce significantly COPD-related morbidity, to improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) irrespective of disease severity and to slow significantly lung function decline in patients not using inhaled corticosteroids or other long-acting bronchodilators. The safety profile – and in particular cardiovascular safety – of tiotropium was good. Conclusions: Tiotropium bromide, alone or in combination with other inhaled therapies, can maintain an adequate control of COPD on a long-term basis.     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/氟替卡松对慢阻肺稳定期患者肺功能影响

目的:探讨联合吸入噻托溴铵和沙美特罗/氟替卡松对稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能的影响。方法:60例稳定期中重度COPD患者随机分成两组,治疗组给予噻托溴铵及沙美特罗/氟替卡松吸入治疗12周,对照组给予沙美特罗/氟替卡松吸入治疗12周,比较两组治疗前后肺功能主要指标变化及急性发作次数。结果:两组治疗后肺功能均明显改善,治疗组较对照组FEV1/FVC及FEV1占预计值百分比改善更明显(P<0.05);治疗后治疗组急性发作次数较对照组明显减少(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率分别为14.3%和11.1%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:吸入噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/氟替卡松更有效改善肺功能,减少患者急性发作次数。     

噻托溴铵粉雾剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺病的有效性及安全性

目的观察噻托溴铵粉雾剂治疗慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的临床疗效及安全性。方法选取122例COPD患者采用信封法随机分为2组,两组患者均给予沙丁胺醇气雾剂吸入、抗生素抗感染等常规对症支持治疗。对照组62例患者在上述治疗基础上,吸入异丙托溴铵,2喷/次,3次/d。同时采用与观察组噻托溴铵粉雾剂外观相同的安慰剂吸入。观察组60例吸入噻托溴铵粉雾剂,18μg/次,每天1次,同时采用与爱全乐气雾剂相同外观的安慰剂吸入。分别在两组患者治疗前、治疗6周后、治疗12周后测定FEV1(第一秒用力呼气量)、FVC(用力肺活量)、FEV1/FVC(第一秒率)。观察两组患者治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果观察组临床症状改善率为93.33%,对照组为77.42%,观察组改善率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后6周及12周时,FEV1、FVC及FEV1/FVC均明显高于治疗前及对照组治疗后(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论噻托溴铵粉雾剂用于COPD患者的治疗,可明显改善患者临床症状,改善患者肺功能,不良反应发生率低,疗效确切,安全可靠。