广藿香中的黄酮类化合物

目的 对广藿香全草进行研究以筛选天然抗真菌新药。方法 用色谱技术进行分离,通过IR,UV,MS,NMR（^1H,^13C,DEPT）分析以及与标准品对照的方法鉴定化合物的结构。利用培养基药物浓度稀释法进行体外抗菌实验。结果 利用抗菌活性追踪,从广藿香中分离得到8个黄酮类化合物,鉴定为：5-羟基-3‘,7,4‘-三甲氧基二氢黄酮（I）;5-羟基-7,4‘-二甲氧基二氢黄酮（Ⅱ);3,5-二羟基-7,4‘-二甲氧基黄酮（Ⅲ);5-羟基-3‘,7,4‘-三甲氧基黄酮（IV）;5-羟基-3‘,7,3‘4‘-四甲氧基黄酮（V）;5,4‘-二羟基-3,7,3‘-三甲氧基黄酮（VI) ;5,4‘-二羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮（Ⅶ)和3,5,7,3‘,4‘-五羟基黄酮（Ⅶ)。并对化合物I,Ⅲ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ进行了体外抗真菌活性研究。结论 除V和VI外,均为首次从该植物中分离得到。受测的4个黄酮类化合物具有抗真菌活性。     

瓜蒌的抗血小板聚集活性成分研究

目的研究瓜蒌的抗血小板聚集活性成分。方法利用抗血小板聚集的活性追踪方法，采用Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、反复硅胶柱色谱分离，通过IR、^1H—NMR、^13C-NMR、MS等波谱分析手段研究化学结构。结果分离得到7个化合物，分别鉴定为棕榈酸(Ⅰ)，5，5‘-双氧甲基呋喃醛(Ⅱ)，N-苯基苯二甲酰亚胺(Ⅲ)，4-羟基-2-甲氧基苯甲酸(Ⅳ)，4-羟基-烟酸(Ⅴ)，香叶木素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(Ⅵ)，腺苷(Ⅶ)。结论化合物Ⅳ、Ⅵ、Ⅵ均具有很强的抗血小板聚集作用，化合物Ⅲ为首次从植物中分离得到的天然产物，化合物Ⅴ～Ⅵ为首次从该属植物中分离获得，化合物Ⅱ、Ⅳ为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

毛地钱和多形带叶苔化学成分研究

目的 研究毛地钱(Dumortiera hirsute)和多形带叶苔(Pallavicinia ambigua)的化学成分.方法 利用硅胶、凝胶等色谱技术分离纯化化学成分,通过理化性质和波谱数据确证其结构.结果 从毛地钱和多形带叶苔中共分离获得5个化合物,包括2个莽草酸衍生物:莽草酸乙酯(Ⅰ)和3,4-O-异亚丙基莽草酸(Ⅱ);1个黄酮类化合物:木犀草素(Ⅲ);2个木质素类衍生物:3-羧基-6,7-二羟基-1-(3‘,4‘-二羟基苯)-萘(Ⅳ)和3-羧基-6,7-二羟基-1-(3‘,4‘-二羟基苯)-萘-9,5“-O-莽草酸酯(Ⅴ).结论 化合物Ⅰ为新天然产物,化合物Ⅱ为分离过程中的人工产物,化合物Ⅳ和Ⅴ为首次从带叶苔科植物中分离得到.     

一株耐酸链霉菌菌丝体化学成分的研究

目的研究耐酸链霉菌(Streptosporangium sp.)菌丝体的化学成分。方法应用多种色谱方法对耐酸链霉菌菌丝体的化学成分进行分离和纯化,用NMR、IR和MS等方法解析其结构;并初步考察了它们对Ⅱ型胶原蛋白(CⅡ-A)诱导大鼠足趾肿胀的影响。结果从中得到4个单体化合物,它们的结构分别为8-(4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯基)-2,3-二甲氧基-1,6-萘二酚(1)、7,4’-二羟基异黄酮(2)、5,7,4’-三羟基异黄酮(3)、3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸(4);当对大鼠的给药剂量为10 mg/(kg.d)时,化合物2、3、4对CⅡ-A大鼠足趾肿胀有一定的抑制作用。结论化合物1为新化合物,其余化合物均为首次从耐酸链霉菌中分离得到的化合物;且化合物2、3、4具有一定的抗炎活性。     

蒙古黄芪化学成分研究

目的:研究蒙古黄芪的化学成分。方法:利用各种柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,采用多种波谱手段鉴定化合物的结构。结果:共分离得到了12个成分,分别为(6aR,11aR)3-羟基-9,10-二甲氧基紫檀烷(化合物1)、(6aR,11aR)9,10-二甲氧基紫檀烷-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(化合物2)、(3R)8,2’-二羟基-7,4’-二甲氧基异黄烷(化合物3)、龙胆黄素(化合物4)、大黄素(化合物5)、熊果酸(化合物6)、黄芪皂苷II(化合物7)、异黄芪皂苷II(化合物8)、黄芪皂苷VII(化合物9)、黄芪皂苷IV(化合物10)、黄芪皂苷I(化合物11)和大豆皂苷I(化合物12)。结论:以上化合物中龙胆黄素为首次从黄芪属植物中分离得到,大黄素、熊果酸、黄芪皂苷VII和大豆皂苷I为首次从蒙古黄芪中分离得到。     

6-羟基染料木素及其甲基化衍生物的合成和抗氧化与抗缺氧活性

目的：缺氧是一种常见的病理现象,通常由机体组织供氧不足或无法有效利用氧导致。羟基化及甲氧基化黄酮类化合物具有显著的抗缺氧活性。本研究旨在探索6-羟基染料木素(6-hydroxygenistein,6-OHG)及其甲基化衍生物的合成方法和抗氧化与抗缺氧活性。方法：以鹰嘴豆芽素A为原料,经甲基化反应、溴化反应、甲氧基化反应及去甲基化反应得到6-OHG及其4个甲基化衍生物[4’,6,7-三甲氧基-5-羟基异黄酮(化合物3)、4’,5,6,7-四甲氧基异黄酮(化合物4)、4’,6-二甲氧基-5,7-二羟基异黄酮(化合物6)、4’-甲氧基-5,6,7-三羟基异黄酮(化合物7)]。采用氢-1核磁共振波谱法(¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,¹H-NMR)和质谱法(mass spectrometry,MS)表征产物结构;高压液相色谱法检测化合物的纯度;1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除实验检测化合物的体外抗氧化活性。将PC12细...     

假鹰爪叶的化学成分研究

目的：研究假鹰爪叶的化学成分。方法：采用硅胶柱层析及Sephadex LH-20等色谱分离技术分离纯化化合物，根据理化性质及波谱数据来鉴定结构。结果：从假鹰爪叶的乙酸乙酯提取部分和正丁醇提取部分分离到4个黄酮类化合物，分别为(2R，3R)5，7，3’，4‘-四羟基二氢黄酮醇-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(astilbin，Ⅰ)，5，7-二羟基色原酮-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(eucryphin，Ⅱ)，荠宁黄酮(mosloflavone，Ⅲ)，黄芩素-7-甲醚(negletein，Ⅳ)；其中化合物Ⅰ，Ⅱ为该属植物中首次发现。     

紫地榆的化学成分及其抗艾滋病病毒活性

紫地榆Geranium strictipes是栊牛儿苗科老鹳草属植物，药用部位为根，民间称隔山消。在云南的白族和彝族中，长期用作治疗厌食症，同时具有显著的止血止痢功效。对紫地榆的化学成分研究较少，仅报道过3个化合物。本课题组在对中药的抗艾滋病毒活性筛选中，发现紫地榆根的醇提物有抗艾滋病毒活性，因此对其化学成分进行研究，从紫地榆中分离并鉴定了7个化合物.     

北美西部圆柏叶中的2个新酚苷

在筛选具抗HIV-1活性化合物的过程中,作者从北美西部圆柏Juniperus occidentalis Hook.叶中分离到2个新的酚苷类化合物,拟命为juniperoside Ⅰ(1)和Ⅱ(2),同时还分得2个已知的双黄酮(柏黄素和阿曼托黄素,3和4)及一个二萜化合物(3β-羟基山达海松酸,5)。尽管它们均无体外活性,但化合物1和2在自然界极为少见。该植物干叶以丙酮浸渍后用乙醇于室温下提取1周。提取物多次经层析法分离得化     

苦参汤乙醇提取物中黄酮部位的化学成分

目的研究苦参汤乙醇提取物中黄酮部位的化学成分。方法采用各种色谱法分离,运用多种波谱技术鉴定结构。结果分离鉴定出17个化合物:木犀草素(luteolin,I)、白杨素(chrysin,II)、千层纸素A(oroxylin A,III)、7-甲氧基黄酮(7-methoxyflavone,IV)、黄芩素(baicalein,V)、黄芩苷(baicalin,VI)、汉黄芩素(wogonin,VII)、汉黄芩苷(wogonoside,VIII)、黄芩新素-II(skullcapflavoneII,IX)、5,8-二羟基-6,7-二甲氧基黄酮(5,8-dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone,X)、5,7-二羟基-6-甲氧基二氢黄酮(二氢千层纸素A,5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavanone,XI),黄腐醇(xanthohumol,XII)、苦参啶(kuraridin,XIII)、4,4’-二甲氧基查耳酮(4,4’-dimethoxychalcone,XIV)、三叶豆紫檀苷(tri-folirhizin,XV)、芒柄花素(formononetin,XVI)、2’,4-二羟基-4’,6’-二甲氧基查耳酮(2’,4-di-hydroxy-4’,6’-dimethoxychalcone,XVII)。采用HPLC法确认化合物I~XI来源于黄芩,化合物XII~XVII来源于苦参。结论这些化合物均为首次从苦参汤中分离得到,2’,4-二羟基-4’,6’-二甲氧基查耳酮为首次在苦参中发现。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.