大面积烧伤患者早期红细胞变形能力与红细胞膜胆固醇、钠-钾ATP酶的关系

目的　研究大面积烧伤患者早期红细胞变形能力与红细胞膜胆固醇、钠钾ATP酶的变化。探讨其在大面积烧伤早期中的关系。方法　采用核孔滤膜法测定红细胞变形性,使用化学修饰电极测定红细胞膜胆固醇,应用定磷法测定红细胞膜钠-钾ATP酶。结果　47例大面积烧伤患者早期红细胞变形性低于60例正常对照组(P＜0.01),红细胞膜胆固醇、钠-钾ATP酶均高于正常对照组(P＜0.01),且红细胞膜胆固醇、钠钾ATP酶与红细胞变形性呈负相关(r     

激光共聚焦显微内镜在胃肠道疾病中的应用

随着科学技术的发展，消化道内镜的更新换代也更加迅速。近年来最主要的表现就是激光共聚焦显微内镜（confocal laser endomicroscopy，CLE）的出现。它将激光共聚焦系统整合于传统内镜上，使临床医生能够在活体内直接观察到组织细胞学的变化，这在以往只能通过病理学家来证实。虽然染色内镜和放大内镜已经能够观察到胃肠道黏膜表面的详细结构，但是激光共聚焦显微内镜却能进一步发现黏膜下的病变，直接指导活检以及更为有效的内镜治疗。本文将概述激光共聚焦显微内镜在胃肠道疾病中的应用。     

共聚焦激光显微内镜在结肠病变中的应用

共聚焦激光显微内镜作为一种新型的诊断工具,受到临床医师的广泛重视。其在消化系统的诊断方面有着独特的优势,已经被应用于结直肠癌、溃疡性结肠炎、Barrett食管、幽门螺杆菌及早期胃癌等疾病的诊断。本文复习近年来共聚焦激光显微内镜在结肠病变中应用的文献进行综述。     

激光显微切割技术在甲基化水平检测中的应用

睾丸特异性蛋白质50 TSP50是利用甲基化敏感差分析技术（MS-RDA技术）从睾丸和乳腺癌组织中分离出来的低甲基化片段。其表达的TSP50蛋白质与丝氨酸蛋白酶具有同原性。通过免疫组织化学技术证明了TSP50的产物特异性表达在乳腺癌中,而正常乳腺组织中则不表达。     

基于光流场模型的弹性配准在放射治疗中的应用

目的 采用Matlab软件编程,实现基于光流场模型的图像弹性配准,并将其应用于放射治疗患者CT图像中,为进一步分析肿瘤及危机器官的变化提供软件支持.方法 对接受放射治疗的宫颈癌患者的盆腔CT图像,分别基于Lucas-Kanade与Horn-Schunck光流场模型实施弹性配准.结果 Lucas-Kanade模型弹性配准前后对比,最小均方误差(MSE)减少59.80％(19.5915/32.7590),相关系数(CC)提高6.17％(0.0331/0.9369);Horn-Schunck模型弹性配准前后对比,最小MSE减少67.75％(22.1940/32.7590),CC提高6.36％(0.0596/0.9369).结论 上述两种基于光流场模型的弹性配准取得较好的配准效果,且耗时较少;但其精度对于细微差别仍显不足,需进一步提高形变的精确性.     

显微共聚焦拉曼技术在细菌分类鉴定中的应用

拉曼光谱可以用于识别和描述微生物的特征,作为当今微生物分类鉴定研究的热点.相比于传统的微生物分离培养技术和分子生物学鉴定技术,拉曼技术具有免培养、快速和高效等优点.随着光学领域拉曼技术和分子生物学的结合发展,使得微生物的鉴定变得更加高效快捷.拉曼显微光谱结合稳定同位素探针、荧光原位杂交和光镊技术,为研究生态系统中不可培...     

在体乳腺组织非线性变形特征及其在静态超声弹性成像中的影响

目的通过剪切波弹性成像定量研究在体乳腺组织非线性变形特征,评价非线性变形特征对乳腺组织静态超声弹性成像测量的影响,以指导和规范乳腺超声弹性成像操作方法。 方法前瞻性选取自2014年1月至2014年5月于北京友谊医院超声科进行体检的女性26例。其中14例女性（8例双侧乳腺,6例单侧乳腺）纳入乳腺组织非线性变形特征的研究,12例女性（8例双侧乳腺,4例单侧乳腺）纳入乳腺组织非线性变形特征在静态超声弹性成像中的影响相关研究。采用超声剪切波弹性成像功能对乳腺组织非线性变形特征进行研究,采用超声静态弹性成像功能对乳腺组织非线性变形特征在静态超声弹性成像中的影响进行研究。计算乳腺组织的非线性参数硬化系数（b）、初始未受压状态下的剪切模量（μ₀）及伸长比（λ）,并绘制乳腺非线性变形特征曲线。在体乳腺组织非线性变形特征研究中,将8例受试者双侧乳腺的b及μ₀按照左右两侧分组,并进行比较;将14例受试者所有乳腺的b及μ₀按照相对位置不同分为乳头上方组、乳头内侧组、乳头下方组、乳头外侧组、外上象限组,并进行比较。 结果14例受试者的乳腺非线性参数b=6.36±1.74,μ₀=（3.01±0.47）kPa,据此绘制出反映乳腺非线性特征的曲线图,其反映乳腺组织形变与剪切模量的关系为伸长比λ值越小（乳腺的形变越大）,剪切模量μ值变化越显著。8例受试者左右两侧乳腺的非线性参数b及μ₀比较,差异均无统计学意义（t=0.520、0.437,P均>0.05）。14例受试者乳腺不同相对位置的非线性参数b及μ₀比较,差异均无统计学意义（F=1.339、1.916,P均>0.05）。静态超声弹性成像中12例受试者,计算得出乳腺组织的最小伸长比λ=0.75±0.05,绘制反映乳腺组织形变和弹性模量增加倍数之间关系的曲线图,其反映在乳腺非线性变形达到25%时,剪切模量达到初始剪切模量的5.72倍,在变形程度达到5%时,剪切模量为未受压状态的1.10倍。 结论乳腺组织的弹性模量随变形程度的增大而呈非线性增加。乳腺两侧及不同相对位置非线性弹性性质无明显差异。应用乳腺静态超声弹性成像时,需将超声探头加压导致的压缩变形控制在5%以内。     

骨盆弹性加压螺钉在骨盆骨折中的运用研究

目的 探讨骨盆弹性加压螺钉在骨盆骨折中的运用。方法 选取2020年10月至2021年10月本院收治的60例骨盆骨折患者,随机分为观察组和对照组各30例。观察组采用骨盆弹性加压螺钉固定,对照组患者采用空心螺钉固定。比较两组患者术中透视次数、透视累计时间和导针调整次数,比较两组手术指标、Majeed骨盆康复评分和并发症发生情况。结果 术中,观察组骨盆骨折患者透视次数、透视累计时间和导针调整次数均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者术中出血量、手术时间和切口长度均少(低)于对照组(P<0.05);手术后3个月,观察组患者疼痛、正常生活活动、工作和坐姿评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者深静脉血栓、愈合不良和骨不连等并发症发生情况与对照组比较,无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论 骨盆弹性加压螺钉应用于骨盆骨折治疗中临床效果显著,可更好保证骨盆良好的复位和固定。     

激光捕获显微切割结合定量PCR检测NES1 mRNA在胃癌中的表达及其甲基化状态

目的:探讨正常上皮细胞特异性-1基因(NES1)在正常胃组织及胃癌组织中的表达和受甲基化调控的影响。方法:利用激光捕获显微切割(laser capture microdissection,LCM)技术分离胃癌患者活检组织中的癌细胞和正常上皮细胞,采用荧光定量PCR检测其中NES1 mRNA的表达,甲基化特异性PCR观察NES1基因外显子3 CpG岛甲基化状态。结果:荧光定量PCR结果显示,NES1 mRNA在胃癌细胞中的表达明显低于正常胃上皮细胞(P＜0．05)。甲基化特异性PCR检测胃癌组织癌细胞中NES1外显子3 CpG岛甲基化状态发现,大部分肿瘤患者NES1外显子3 CpG岛均存在不同程度甲基化,其中完全甲基化7例(33．3%),不完全甲基化12例(57．14%);而正常细胞中存在不完全甲基化仅为1例(5%),其余19例均不存在甲基化(95%)。结论:激光显微切割结合荧光定量PCR技术可较精确地检测NES1在胃癌组织细胞和正常组织细胞中的表达。NES1在胃癌中表达降低,其表达降低与NES1基因外显子3甲基化有关。     

一种专用黏膜消毒剂对病毒的灭活效果及安全性研究

目的观察一种专用黏膜消毒剂对病毒灭活效果及其毒性。方法采用细胞感染法和动物毒性试验方法对该消毒剂消毒相关性能进行了实验室和现场消毒试验。结果用总活性物含量为2 000 mg/L的复合季铵盐该黏膜消毒剂作用1.5 min,对悬液内脊髓灰质炎病毒Ⅰ型疫苗株、狂犬病毒、EV71型肠道病毒和单纯疱疹病毒的平均灭活对数值均>4.00。用相同浓度的该粘膜消毒剂对前臂皮肤擦拭消毒3 min,对皮肤表面的自然菌平均杀灭对数值为1.45。该消毒剂经口急性LD50值>5 000 mg/kg(体重);对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞无致微核作用。该消毒剂原液对家兔破损皮肤、阴道黏膜和眼均无刺激性。结论该黏膜专用消毒剂对病毒具有较好的灭活效果,属于无毒级物质。     

THE RELATION OF THE SPLEEN TO BLOOD DESTRUCTION AND REGENERATION AND TO HEMOLYTIC JAUNDICE : IV. A STUDY,BY THE METHODS OF IMMUNOLOGY,OF THE INCREASED RESISTANCE OF THE RED BLOOD CORPUSCLES AFTER SPLENECTOMY.

1. The erythrocytes of splenectomized dogs show increased resistance to the action of hypotonic salt solutions and to specific hemolytic immune serum. The degree of resistance appears to increase with the length of time that has elapsed after splenectomy. 2. This increased resistance of the erythrocytes is not due to an increased antihemolytic power of the animal''s serum or to a diminished complementary value of the serum, but is a property depending upon the erythrocytes themselves. 3. Non-splenectomized animals receiving a single injection of specific hemolytic immune serum and developing a temporary anemia show likewise on recovery an increased resistance of the corpuscles without the presence of antihemolysin in demonstrable amount. 4. As anemia of varying grade is a characteristic result of splenectomy, it would appear that the increased resistance of the corpuscles is a concomitant of the regeneration of the red cells following such anemia and is thus analogous to the increased resistance of such cells not infrequently observed in various forms of experimental anemia. 5. There is no evidence to indicate that the anemia after splenectomy is due to the presence of hemolytic bodies, or that the increased resistance of the cells is due to antihemolytic bodies, accumulating in the serum as the result of the ablation of the spleen. It is evident therefore that the spleen in some way controls or regulates blood destruction (and regeneration ?), and in the hope of throwing light on the subject, an investigation of the bone marrow and lymph nodes of splenectomized dogs is now under way.     

传统活血化瘀药对红细胞流变学特性影响的比较研究

文中试图通过３４种活血化瘀药对红细胞流变学特性影响的比较研究，专门探索３类作用强度不同的活血化瘀药对红细胞聚集性、变形性的作用，为临床应用活血化瘀药提供实验依据，亦为血液流变性研究增添新的内容．     

A STUDY BY THE SINGLE CELL METHOD OF THE INFLUENCE OF HOMOLOGOUS ANTIPNEUMOCOCCIC SERUM ON THE GROWTH RATE OF PNEUMOCOCCUS

1. Under the conditions stated pneumococci grow as readily in the serum of horses highly immunized to the homologous organism as they do in normal horse serum, and the rate of growth is not appreciably diminished. 2. This failure of immune serum to affect the growth rate is not altered when fresh rabbit blood, fresh human blood, or rabbit blister fluid is added in order to supply any hypothetical complement which might be lacking. 3. We have not been able to show that when immune horse serum is injected intravenously into rabbits or intraperitoneally into mice, it acquires the property of killing pneumococci or inhibiting their growth. 4. Experimental evidence has been obtained indicating that in the peritoneal cavity of the passively immunized mouse the growth of extracellular pneumococci continues at apparently the normal rate, until the bacteria are engulfed by phagocytes. 5. The immunizing and protective power of antipneumococcic serum probably depends, in part at least, on properties which are not at present known. It has not been possible in the present study to demonstrate that one of these properties consists in delaying the growth of pneumococci.     

在输液同侧采血致患者贫血误输红细胞一例分析

1病例简介患者,男,17岁,2009年12月21日因从二偻摔下致脾损伤,入我院外科抢救室。2血常规。血型检查     

一种微生态制剂体外抗菌作用及其在阴道黏膜部位应用研究

目的研究一种新型微生态制剂体外抗菌作用及其在阴道黏膜部位的应用。方法采用悬液定量抑菌试验和动物模型试验方法,对该制剂抗菌效果和局部黏膜抑菌作用进行了研究。结果在含乳酸杆菌的微生态制剂培养液中接种大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌与其共同培养24 h以上,对此两种细菌繁殖体的抑菌率达到90%以上,随着培养时间延长抑菌率增加。在乳酸杆菌培养液内接种白色念珠菌培养至48 h,也显示出良好的抑菌作用,但抑菌力稍弱。微生态制剂对感染了白色念珠菌的动物阴道黏膜灌注微生态溶液作用6 h后显示出抗白色念珠菌的作用。结论含乳酸杆菌的微生态制剂具有一定的抑菌作用,用于黏膜部位表现出抗真菌感染的作用。     

硝酸纤维素膜为HBsAg载体消毒试验法的研究

以 ４种消毒剂进行对硝酸纤维素膜上 ＨＢｓＡｇ消毒的研究。结果,对该膜上 ＨＢｓＡｇ的破坏效果,与悬液中 ＨＢｓＡｇ者一致。 ０．５％过氧乙酸、 ０．５％碘伏或 ２．０％碱性成二醛作用 ６０ ｍｉｎ,均可将效价≤１： ４０００的 ＨＢｓＡｇ破坏, ０．１％苯扎溴铵则不能。以硝酸纤维素膜作 ＨＢｓＡｇ载体,用免疫酶斑点法检测,结果直观,方法简便、易行,因ＨＢｓＡｇ吸附牢固,可用冲洗法去除残留消毒剂。     

HURLER''S SYNDROME: A GENETIC STUDY OF CLONES IN CELL CULTURE WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE LYON HYPOTHESIS

Clones of skin fibroblasts from normal individuals, patients with different mucopolysaccharidoses, and certain of their relatives have been examined for cellular metachromasia and cellular uronic acid. All the clones derived from affected individuals and heterozygous carriers in families with the autosomal forms of Hurler's syndrome showed marked metachromasia and increased cellular uronic acid. Since only one cell population was demonstrated in clones derived from heterozygous carriers, no evidence for autosomal inactivation was obtained. Clones derived from affected individuals with the X-linked recessive form of Hurler's syndrome contained uniform populations of metachromatic staining cells which demonstrated increased cellular uronic acid. Clones derived from the noncarrier fathers showed no cellular metachromasia or increased cellular uronic acid. Clones derived from the heterozygous mothers and sisters showed two populations both qualitatively and quantitatively. On the average, 72% of these clones were metachromatic and demonstrated an increased uronic acid content; 28% of the clones showed no metachromasia and the uronic acid content was similar to that found in normal individuals. The appearance of two distinct cell populations in clones derived from females heterozygous for the X-linked recessive form of Hurler's syndrome provides evidence in favor of the Lyon hypothesis.