替比夫定联合阿德福韦酯治疗青年高病毒载量HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎的临床观察

目的 对比观察替比夫定（LdT）联合阿德福韦酯（ADV）治疗青年高病毒载量乙型肝炎e抗原（HBeAg）阳性慢性乙型病毒性肝炎（CHB）的疗效。方法 106例HBeAg阳性、HBV DNA≥10⁷ 拷贝/mL的青年CHB初治患者分为替比夫定（LdT）联合阿德福韦酯（ADV）联合治疗组（54例）和恩替卡韦（ETV）对照组（52例）。联合治疗组口服LdT 600 mg/d+ADV 10 mg/d,1次/d;对照组口服ETV 0.5 mg/d,1次/d。总疗程48周,观察两组患者治疗12、24、36、48周时乙型病毒性（HBV）DNA阴转率、HBeAg血清学转换率及丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）的复常率。结果 治疗后,两组患者均取得较好的疗效,获得较高的HBV DNA转阴率和ALT复常率。在治疗第12、24、36、48周时两组的HBV DNA阴转率及ALT复常率比较,差异均无统计学意义;但联合治疗组HBeAg血清学转换率24周后明显高于ETV对照组（33.3% vs 13.5%,χ²=5.804、P=0.016）,差异有统计学意义,且36周和48周统计学差异更加显著（42.6% vs 15.4%,χ²=9.477、P=0.002;48.1% vs 19.2%,χ²=9.877、P=0.002）。结论 替比夫定联合阿德福韦酯治疗青年高病毒载量的初治HBeAg阳性CHB患者,不仅获得较高的病毒学应答率和肝功能复常率,与恩替卡韦相比还能获得更高的HBeAg血清转换率。     

阿德福韦酯治疗拉米夫定耐药慢性乙型肝炎的疗效观察

目的：探讨阿德福韦酯治疗拉米夫定耐药慢性乙型肝炎的疗效及安全性。方法：选择68例拉米夫定耐药的慢性乙型肝炎患者予以阿德福韦酯10mg／d，疗程1年以上。于治疗前和治疗12、24、52周检测肝肾功能、HBVDNA定量、HBeAg、抗HBe，观察药物不良反应。结果：治疗12、24、52周时，HBVDNA定量较用药前平均分别下降1．6lg拷贝／mL（t=10．10，P〈0．01）、2．9lg拷贝／mL（t=13．01，P〈0．01）、4．5lg拷贝／mL（t=14．08，P〈0．01）；HBVDNA转阴率分别是4．41％、19．12％和54．41％：ALT复常率分别为19．12％、48．53％和70.59％；HBeAg阴转率分别为0％、19．44％和47．22％。常见不良反应有轻微乏力、右上腹不适、腹胀，有2例患者发生腹泻，1例血清肌酐轻微改变。结论：阿德福韦酯治疗拉米夫定耐药慢性乙型肝炎的疗效肯定，安全性好。     

Treatment paradigms on hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B patients

The primary goal of treatment in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is potent and durable suppression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. It results in biochemical and histological remission of CHB and is the prerequisite for the prevention of cirrhosis, its life-threatening complications and hepatocellular carcinoma. Responses that are durable after the cessation of treatment are referred to as sustained virological responses, whereas those persisting under therapy are referred to as treatment-maintained virological responses. Treatment paradigms of sustained virological response in HBeAg-negative CHB are practically restricted to conventional IFN-alpha and pegylated interferons (peg-IFNs), and are limited only to patients with compensated liver disease. Long-lasting maintained virological responses without HBV resistance in HBeAg-negative CHB are achievable by all approved nucleos(t)ide analogues (lamivudine, adefovir and entecavir) in highly variable rates, depending on their potency, rapidity of virological response and genetic barrier to resistance. The maintenance of response under 5 years of adefovir treatment represents the most effective treatment paradigm for HBeAg-negative CHB, whereas such long-term data with entecavir and tenofovir monotherapy may become available in the near future. In patients with lamivudine-resistant HBV mutants, the recommended treatment strategy is to add adefovir at the same time as continuing treatment with lamivudine. There are no treatment paradigms as yet of combination therapy from the very outset with two nucleoside analogues for use in treatment-naive patients.     

拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯对慢性乙型肝炎的疗效分析

目的 探讨并分析拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯对阿德福韦酯初始治疗不佳的慢性乙型肝炎患者的临床疗效.方法 选择2011年1月～ 2013年6月收治的81例慢性乙型肝炎患者,均为经阿德福韦酯初始治疗后又出现了慢性乙型肝炎血清标志物,所有患者均给予常规护肝治疗并随机分为3组:Ⅰ组:27例,患者使用阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定用药48周;Ⅱ组:27例,患者使用阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定12周后继续单独使用阿德福韦酯用药36周;Ⅲ组:27例,常规护肝治疗基础上,患者使用拉米夫定单独用药48周.分别于第12、24、48周的每周末检测并观察各组患者的HBV-DNA应答率、HBeAg转阴率、ALT复常率等相关指标及患者病情好转情况.结果 治疗时间在12周时各组HBV-DNA应答率、HBeAg转阴率、ALT复常率的比较均无统计学差异.但随着治疗时间的持续增加,患者经过48周治疗后,Ⅰ组的HBV-DNA应答率、HBeAg转阴率、ALT复常率均显著高于Ⅲ组(P＜0.05),而Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组相比这些指标差异无统计学意义.结论 拉米夫定联合阿德福韦酯持续使用48周后,慢性乙型肝炎患者的抗病毒治疗要比单纯使用拉米夫定治疗效果更好,而2者联合使用12周的治疗效果并不是十分理想.因此,对治疗初次口服阿德福韦酯治疗失败的患者应持续使用拉米夫定与阿德福韦酯联合治疗48周以上具有较好的临床疗效.     

Complications in treating chronic hepatitis B in patients with HIV

The management of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses specific problems in the presence of HIV infection, as therapeutic approaches have to consider both HBV and HIV. There are currently four drugs approved for the treatment of chronic HBV: IFN-α, lamivudine, adefovir and entecavir. Furthermore, the dual antiviral activity against HIV and HBV of antiretrovirals such as tenofovir and emtricitabine broadens the armamentarium against HBV in the HIV-coinfected population. Nucleotide analogues adefovir and tenofovir have the advantage of a higher genetic barrier for resistance when compared with the nucleoside analogues lamivudine and emtricitabine. Fortunately, the two families do not share resistance mutations, allowing salvage therapy and the consideration of combination therapy for drug-naive individuals. Although response to IFN-α is poorer in HBV/HIV-coinfected patients compared with HBV-monoinfected individuals, the more potent pegylated forms of IFN-α have brought new hopes.     

恩替卡韦与拉米夫定治疗 e抗原阳性慢性乙型病毒性肝炎的临床研究

目的：评价恩替卡韦治疗e抗原阳性慢性乙型病毒性肝炎的临床疗效和安全性。方法80例乙型肝炎e抗原（ HBeAg ）阳性慢性乙肝患者随机分为恩替卡韦组（试验组）和拉米夫定组（对照组）,各40例。试验组口服恩替卡韦片500 mg? d－1,对照组口服拉米夫定片100 mg? d－1,疗程均为48周,比较2组患者在8,12,24,36,48周时谷丙转氨酶（ ALT ）复常率、乙肝病毒 DNA （ HBV－DNA）低于下限率和HBeAg血清学转换率,且观察治疗期间2组患者的不良反应。结果在第8,12周时,试验组谷丙转氨酶复常率为47．50％,65．00％,明显高于对照组的25．00％,42．50％（ P＜0．05）;试验组在各时间点HBV－DNA低于下限率均明显高于对照组（ P＜0．05）;36,48周时,试验组HBeAg血清学转换率为32．50％,35．00％,明显高于对照组的12．50％,15．00％（ P＜0．05）。2组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。结论恩替卡韦治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙肝疗效好,不良反应发生率低。     

Effects of entecavir on peripheral blood lymphocyte profiles in chronic hepatitis B patients with suboptimal responses to adefovir

The aim of the present study was to assess the long‐term impact of entecavir (ETV) on T, B and natural killer (NK) cell immunity in patients with suboptimal responses to adefovir (SRA) chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Thirty SRA CHB patients and 20 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls (HC) completed at least 6 months of ETV treatment. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA loads, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the frequency of different subsets of T, B and NK cells in individual subjects were measured. There were smaller numbers of CD3^–CD56⁺ and CD244⁺ NK cells, CD3⁺CD8⁺ T cells and cytokine‐secreting CD4⁺ T cells, but greater numbers of CD3⁺CD4⁺, CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺, CD4⁺CD25⁺CD127^low T cells and CD19⁺CD27⁺ B cells, detected in SRA patients. After switching to ETV monotherapy, the levels of HBV DNA and hepatitis B s antigen, as well as hepatitis B e antigen seropositivity, decreased gradually, accompanied by decreases in ALT and AST levels. Furthermore, the number of NK, CD8⁺ and cytokine‐secreting CD4⁺ T cells increased, whereas the number of CD4⁺, CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺, CD4⁺CD25⁺CD127^low T cells and CD19⁺CD27⁺ B cells decreased, in SRA CHB patients. The frequency of CD4⁺ interferon‐γ‐positive T cells was negatively associated with serum HBV DNA levels. Thus, treatment with ETV inhibits HBV replication, modulates T and NK cell immunity and improves liver function in SRA CHB patients.     

核苷(酸)类抗肝炎药物对慢性乙型肝炎住院患者肝肾功能的影响

目的：分析核苷（酸）类抗肝炎药物（NAs）对慢性乙型肝炎患者肝肾功能的影响,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：综合应用某院临床药学管理系统（PASS PharmAssist）、病案质控监测系统和中国医院药物警戒系统检索病历,回顾性分析某院2017年1月至2018年6月因患慢性乙型肝炎而采用NAs药物治疗的患者病例。利用SPSS 23.0软件,采用正态分布、t检验、卡方检验进行单因素分析,把符合单因素分析（P<0.05）的协变量纳入二元logistic分析,以考察多种协变量对NAs药物诱导患者肝肾功能变化的影响。结果：收集到因患慢性乙型肝炎而服用抗肝炎药物的患者病例116份,其中包括男性79例（68.1%）,女性37例（31.9%）,肝功能正常者65例,慢性肝功能不全者51例。在肝功能不全组,NAs药物性肝损加重发生率为17.65%（9/51）,时间为用药后4~13 d;在肝功能正常组,NAs药物性肝损伤发生率为4.61%（3/65）,时间为用药后15~19 d。此外,研究表明NAs药物对肝脏的安全性为恩替卡韦 > 拉米夫定 > 阿德福韦酯 > 替比夫定 > NAs药物联用。在116例患者中肾功能正常者74例,慢性肾功能不全者42例,在肾功能不全组发现患者因服用NAs药物导致血清肌酐升高发生率为14.29%（6/42）,时间为用药后2~10 d,在肾功能正常组未发现NAs药物性肾损伤者。此外,研究表明NAs药物对肾脏的安全性为：NAs药物联用,拉米夫定,阿德福韦酯 > 恩替卡韦 > 替比夫定,相关因素分析表明NAs药物性肝损伤的发生与患者的肝功能不全（OR=5.344,95% CI：1.349-21.167）（P=0.017）有关。结论：NAs药物对患者肝功能和肾功能确实有影响,主要发生在肝功能不全患者身上,但对肝功能正常的患者影响较小。此外,核苷（酸）类抗肝炎药物中拉米夫定对肝脏和肾脏的安全性相对较高。研究结果提示临床在治疗肝功能不全的患者时,应注意调整NAs药物品种或给药剂量并监测患者肝功能指标变化,以确保用药安全。     

3种核苷类似物治疗慢性乙型肝炎的成本-效果分析

目的探讨3种核苷类似物治疗慢性乙型肝炎的经济效果。方法将268例患者分成3组,ADV组用阿德福韦酯10 mg,ETV组用恩替卡韦0.5 mg,LdT组用替比夫定600 mg,均为每天1次,疗程均为48周。进行疗效和不良反应观察,应用药物经济学成本-效果分析法进行评价。结果在HBV-DNA阴转率方面,ETV组和LdI组好于ADV组(P<0.01);在HBeAg阴转率和ALT复常率方面,3组差异无显著性(P>0.05);3组的不良反应差异无显著性(P>0.05);经济学方面,ADV组、ETV组、LdT组的成本-效果比分别是115.38、156.51、96.98,替比夫定优于阿德福韦酯和恩替卡韦。结论替比夫定组为优选方案。     

Adefovir dipivoxil in chronic hepatitis B: history and current uses

Introduction: Sodium oxybate (SMO) has been shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of patients with alcohol use disorders (AUDs); it was approved in Italy and Austria for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome and for relapse prevention. The focus of this review is to discuss the clinical evidence on the therapeutic potential of SMO for AUDs.

Areas covered: This review covers the studies in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome who received SMO for the treatment of withdrawal symptoms and the studies in patients with AUDs who received SMO to achieve total alcohol abstinence, reduction of alcohol intake, and relapse prevention. Relevant medical literature on SMO was identified by searching databases including MEDLINE and EMBASE (searches last updated 20 September 2013), bibliographies from published literature, clinical trial registries/databases, and websites.

Expert opinion: SMO has proved safe and effective in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome and in the prevention of relapses. Craving for and abuse of SMO have been reported, in particular in some subtypes of alcoholic patients, e.g., those affected by co-addiction and/or psychiatric comorbidity. Future multicenter, multinational, randomized clinical trials should be useful to optimize the treatments in relation with patients' characteristics, for example, pharmacogenetic, neurobiological, and psychological.     

恩替卡韦和拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎的Meta分析

目的系统评价恩替卡韦和拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎的疗效与安全性。方法检索Cochrane Library,PubMed,Ovid,Elsevier,中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）,万方数字化期刊全文库,中文科技期刊全文数据库（维普）公开发表的相关随机对照试验（RCT）,并手工检索纳入研究的参考文献。对纳入的研究进行质量评价和数据提取,采用RevMan5．2软件进行Meta分析。当,〈50％时认为纳入研究结果同质性较好．采用固定效应模型计算合并统计量;当I^2≥50％时,则选择随机效应模型计算合并统计量。结果最终纳入27篇文献。Meta分析结果显示,对于HBVDNA转阴率、ALT复常率,HBeAg转阴率和HBeAg血清学转化率,恩替卡韦组均显著高于拉米夫定组;在不良反应发生率方面,2组无统计学差异。结论当前的研究显示,恩替卡韦对慢性乙型肝炎的疗效优于拉米夫定,2药的不良反应发生率相似。相关结果需要样本量更大,设计更严谨的大型多中心的临床随机对照试验。     

阿德福韦酯治疗YMDD变异慢性乙型肝炎82例

目的:研究阿德福韦酯治疗YMDD突变后慢性乙型肝炎患者的疗效和安全性。方法:82例YMDD突变的慢性乙型肝炎患者分为对照组和试验组,对照组服用拉米夫定100mg·d-1,48周,试验组服用阿德福韦酯10mg·d-1,48周。服药后第24,48周检测谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、HBV DNA定量、HBeAg及观察不良反应。结果:试验组24及48周HBV DNA下降水平均明显高于对照组(均P<0·01),HBV DNA应答率和ALT复常率也均高于对照组(均P<0·01),HBeAg阴转率两组无显著性统计学差异。两组均未发现明显不良反应。结论:阿德福韦酯治疗YMDD突变的慢性乙型肝炎安全有效。     

拉米夫定治疗96例慢性乙型肝炎的疗效

目的:研究拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型病毒性肝炎(CHB)的疗效及影响因素。方法:选择96例CHB患者,口服拉米夫定100mg,qd。全程监测患者血清ALT,AST,BIL,HBV M,HBV DNA,HBV YMDD变异和HBV基因型。结果:拉米夫定治疗18个月总有效率为71．9％,eAg转阴与血清转换分别为16．7％和14．6％,HBV DNA转阴占53．1％,有39．6％下降10~2拷贝·mL~(-1),但是至18个月HBV YMDD发生变异者达31．3％;HBV B基因型和C基因型的总有效率分别为84．7％,32．3％。治疗过程中未发现明显不良反应。结论:拉米夫定治疗CHB有效,但容易导致HBV YMDD区域突变。HBV B基因型的疗效优于C基因型。     

恩替卡韦治疗慢性乙型肝炎的最新进展

慢性乙肝病毒感染一直是全球公共卫生的问题,开发抗乙肝病毒药物也一直是个热点.恩替卡韦是美国FDA批准的第3个用于治疗乙肝病毒感染的新的核苷类似物药物,现综述恩替卡韦的药理作用、药动学及治疗慢性乙型肝炎的Ⅰ-Ⅲ期临床研究进展,并给出临床应用建议.     

恩替卡韦与拉米夫定对慢性乙型肝炎抗病毒作用与安全性的对照研究

目的:比较恩替卡韦和拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎的抗病毒作用与安全性。方法:33例未经抗病毒治疗的慢性乙型肝炎患者随机分为2组:恩替卡韦组(16例)、拉米夫定组(17例)。恩替卡韦组与拉米夫定组的剂量分别为0.5mg/d和100mg/d。疗程为48～96周。观察两药对HBV DNA、ALT、e抗原/e抗体血清转换的影响及其所致不良反应。结果:在治疗24周和48周时,恩替卡韦组和拉米夫定组未检测到HBV DNA的病例分别为56.25%,29.41%;87.50%,29.41%。e抗原阴转率与e抗原/e抗体血清学转换率以及不良反应2组无明显差异。结论:恩替卡韦与拉米夫定比较能更有效的抑制HBV复制,不良反应与拉米夫定相似。因此,可以用于慢性乙型肝炎的长期治疗。     

阿德福韦酯疗效欠佳的慢性乙型肝炎患者优化联合治疗的疗效分析

目的:比较阿德福韦酯(ADV)疗效欠佳患者采取继续ADV治疗与联合拉米夫定(LMV)或替比夫定(LdT)优化治疗的疗效差异,旨在寻求一种优化方案用于治疗阿德福韦疗效欠佳的慢性乙型肝炎患者。方法:将ADV治疗48周后效果欠佳的慢性乙型肝炎患者分为3组:(1)对照组(A组):继续单用ADV 10 mg·d^-1治疗, (2)ADV联合LMV(B组):ADV 10 mg·d^-1,LMV 100 mg·d^-1优化联合治疗, (3)ADV联合LdT((C组):ADV 10 mg·d^-1,LdT 600 mg·d^-1优化联合治疗,比较3组研究对象继续治疗96周的疗效差异及不良反应。结果:521例门诊服用ADV 10 mg·d^-1的患者48周时共出现127例ADV疗效欠佳者,其中对照组34例,观察组B、C分别55例、38例。治疗48周和96周后,观察组(B组和C组)的ALT复常率、HBV DNA降幅平均值、HBV DNA阴转率、病毒学突破率与对照组差异显著;HBeAg/HBeAb血清学转换率与对照组差异不明显。3组患者服药期间耐受性、依从性良好,部分患者出现血清肌酐水平及磷酸肌酸激酶水平轻度升高,但无一例因严重不良反应导致停药。结论:对于ADV单药治疗过程中发生ADV疗效欠佳的患者,ADV联合LMV、ADV联合LdT是两种安全有效的优化联合治疗方案。     

阿德福韦酯治疗拉米夫定耐药慢性乙型肝炎疗效观察

目的观察单用阿德福韦酯与阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定在治疗耐药慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效及安全性差异。方法将2006年1月至2008年1月我院门诊及住院符合入选标准的64例拉米夫定耐药的慢性乙型肝炎患者随机分为观察组与对照组,在常规治疗基础上,观察组给予阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定治疗,对照组单用阿德福韦酯治疗,观察期为72周,观测血清HBV DNA水平、HBV血清学标志、肝功能变化及不良反应。结果在治疗48周时,观察组HBV DNA阴转率为68.8%（22/32）,对照组HBV DNA阴转率为34.4%（11/32）,2组差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.570,P〈0.01）,观察组患者HBeAg/抗HBe转换率为28.1%（8/32）,对照组患者HBeAg/抗HBe转换率为6.25%（2/32）,2组差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.379,P〈0.05）,观察组患者丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）复常率为71.9%（23/32）,对照组患者ALT复常率为34.4%（11/32）,2组差异有统计学意义（χ2=9.035,P〈0.01）。结论阿德福韦酯联合拉米夫定较单用阿德福韦酯治疗拉米夫定耐药性慢性乙型肝炎有更好的疗效,值得应用。     

Current pharmacotherapy for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B

The virological profile of infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is changing in many parts of the world from the classical hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive serological pattern to a HBeAg-negative pattern, linked to the replacement of wild-type HBV by HBV variants with mutations in the core-promoter and in the precore region that prevent the secretion of HBeAg. The wild-type HBV disease is characterised by steady levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and high HBV-DNA levels, responding relatively well to IFN treatment (3 – 5 MU/day or 10 MU every other day for 16 weeks), which induces anti-HBe seroconversion and normalises ALT levels in ～ 30% of the adults, with a minimal risk of relapse. Pegylated-IFN appears to have superior efficacy over conventional IFN-α. Mutant-type disease (anti-HBe-positive/HBeAg-negative) is less responsive to IFN given for 6 – 12 months. This has led to the use of novel nucleoside analogues, of which the prototype is lamivudine. The response to lamivudine therapy shares with IFN a rapid decline in ALT accompanied by an improvement in histology; at variance with IFN, in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) there is delayed seroconversion to anti-HBe which accumulates over time, the switch to anti-HBs is more rare and in the long-term, the activity of the drug is abolished by the emergence of viral mutations (YMDD-motif mutants) that may rekindle the disease. The combination of IFN plus lamivudine may be more efficacious than IFN or lamivudine monotherapy. Lamivudine therapy needs to be prolonged in HBeAg-negative CHB. Short-term lamivudine-therapy is highly efficacious in preventing HBV reinfection in liver transplants. Recent data suggest that long-term IFN therapy (24 months) may achieve a response in 30% of HBeAg-negative patients. The advent of adefovir, an analogue of adenosine monophosphate, may provide a safer alternative to lamivudine in the control of HBV disease; the drug is well-tolerated and treatment raises drug-resistant mutants in < 2% of the patients over 2 years of therapy. Adefovir provides rescue therapy against YMDD mutants raised by lamivudine therapy.     

恩替卡韦分散片治疗乙型肝炎E抗原阴性代偿期慢性乙型病毒性肝炎的临床研究

目的观察恩替卡韦分散片治疗乙型肝炎E抗原(HBe Ag)阴性的代偿期慢性乙型病毒性肝炎(CHB)患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法将95例HBe Ag阴性代偿期CHB患者按血清HBV DNA水平分为对照组42例(低病毒载量,HBV DNA<7.00 log10U·m L^-1)和试验组53例(高病毒载量,HBV DNA≧7.00log10U·m L^-1)。2组患者均给予恩替卡韦0.5 mg,qd,空腹口服,连续48周。比较2组患者治疗48周后临床有效率以及药物不良反应(ADR)的发生情况;治疗前和治疗后12周,用放射免疫法检测血清HBV DNA、III型前胶原肽(PCIII);用生化分析仪测定谷丙转氨酶(ALT)水平。结果治疗48周后,试验组和对照组的总有效率分别为83.02%,85.71%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗12周后,试验组和对照组血清HBV DNA、PCIII和ALT水平分别为(4.92±0.78)log10U·m L^-1,(162.34±13.28)μg·L^-1,(95.31±12.19)U·L^-1;(3.89±0.75)log10U·m L^-1,(140.56±10.42)μg·L^-1,(79.62±11.91)U·L^-1,差异均有统计学有意义(均P<0.05)。治疗24,48周后,试验组和对照组的以上指标差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。试验组和对照组ADR发生率分别为7.55%,7.14%,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论恩替卡韦分散片能降低患者HBV DNA水平,减缓肝纤维化进程和改善肝功能,其对不同病毒载量患者在24周以后的远期效果无明显差异,且较为安全。     

拉米夫定治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床研究

为探讨拉米夫定对慢性乙型肝炎的临床治疗效果 ,将 114例慢性乙型肝炎患者随机分为治疗组及对照组 ,两组均使用保肝及对症综合治疗 ,治疗组同时给予拉米夫定片剂 ,10 0 mg.d- 1 ,疗程 1年。 HBV-DNA阴转、HBe Ag/HBe Ab转换和 ALT正常为有效指标。结果显示 ,拉米夫定能抑制 HBV-DNA的复制 ,对慢性乙型肝炎及重症慢肝是安全有效的抗病毒治疗药物