Coil embolization of arterioportal fistula complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding after Caesarian section: A case report

BACKGROUNDMost intrahepatic arterioportal fistulae (IAPF) are acquired. The few cases of congenital fistulae are diagnosed in infants and children.CASE SUMMARYWe report a 31-year-old female patient presenting with haematemesis and melena three weeks after delivering her second child. The patient had a 20-year history of abdominal distention and nausea. IAPF, along with splenomegaly and ascites, was found by Doppler sonography and confirmed by computed tomography angiography. The patient was treated with endovascular coil embolization, resulting in occlusion of the fistula.CONCLUSIONThis was an unusual case of possible congenital IAPF that manifested during a second pregnancy and was complicated by portal hypertension.     

Thoracoscopic subtotal esophagectomy via a right thoracic cavity approach to treat an intractable fistula after 20 months from onset of an idiopathic esophageal rupture: A case report

An intractable fistula caused by idiopathic esophageal rupture is a rare but severe condition. In the present case, a 69‐year‐old man had been treated conservatively at another hospital for esophageal rupture but had developed an abscess in the left thoracic cavity due to an intractable fistula at the rupture site. He was referred to our hospital for treatment 19 months after the esophageal rupture. On admission, the intractable fistula was found to be continuous with an abscess in the left thoracic cavity. Preoperative continuous enteral nutrition was administered to improve the patient's nutritional status, and drainage was performed to reduce the size of the abscess. Then, to minimize the invasion of the intractable fistula, thoracoscopic subtotal esophagectomy was performed via a right thoracic cavity approach 20 months after the esophageal rupture. Preoperative management and thoracoscopic surgery via an opposite chest cavity approach was found to be safe and feasible for the intractable fistula caused by idiopathic esophageal rupture.     

Renal artery embolization in the treatment of urinary fistula after renal duplication: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUNDDuplicate renal malformation is a congenital disease of the urinary system, with an incidence rate of 0.8%. Surgical treatment is suitable for symptomatic patients. Urinary fistula is one of the complications of heminephrectomy. Long-term urinary fistula has a great impact on patients'' lives. CASE SUMMARYThis article mainly reports on a 47-year-old man with duplication of kidney deformity, long urinary fistula after partial nephrectomy, and no improvement after conservative treatment. We have achieved positive results in the arterial embolization treatment of the residual renal artery, indicating that selective arterial embolization is a good way to treat urinary fistula after partial nephrectomy. It is worth noting that this patient violated the Weigert-Meyer law, which also gave us more consideration. CONCLUSIONRenal artery embolization may be a simple and safe method to treat urinary fistula inefficacy with conservative treatment.     

Simultaneous embolization of a spontaneous porto-systemic shunt and intrahepatic arterioportal fistula: A case report

BACKGROUNDHepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a frequent and debilitating complication of chronic liver disease. Recurrent HE is strongly linked with spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSSs). Intrahepatic arterioportal fistulas (IAPFs) occur rarely but pose a major clinical challenge and may lead to or worsen portal hypertension. Herein, we present a rare case of recurrent HE secondary to a SPSS combined with an IAPF.CASE SUMMARYA 63-year-old female with primary biliary cirrhosis presented with recurrent disturbance of consciousness for 4 mo. SPSS communicating the superior mesenteric vein with the inferior vena cava and IAPF linking the intrahepatic artery with the portal vein were found on contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography. The patient did not respond well to medical treatment. Therefore, simultaneous embolization of SPSS and IAPF was scheduled. After embolization, the symptoms of HE showed obvious resolution.CONCLUSIONThe presence of liver vascular disorders should not be neglected in patients with chronic liver disease, and interventional therapy is a reasonable choice in such patients.     

Multimodal MRI diagnosis and transvenous embolization of a basicranial emissary vein dural arteriovenous fistula: A case report

A dural arteriovenous fistula(DAVF) is an abnormal linkage connecting the arterial and venous systems within the intracranial dura mater. A basicranial emissary vein DAVF drains into the cavernous sinus and the ophthalmic vein, similar to a cavernous sinus DAVF. Precise preoperative identification of the DAVF location is a prerequisite for appropriate treatment. Treatment options include microsurgical disconnection, endovascular transarterial embolization(TAE), transvenous embolization(TVE), or ...     

Embolization of a superior sagittal sinus dural arteriovenous fistula under intrasinus balloon protection: A case report

Endovascular embolization has evolved to become the primary therapeutic option for dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs). While guaranteeing complete occlusion of the fistula orifice, the goal of DAVF embolization is also to ensure the patency of normal cerebral venous drainage. This paper describes a case of successful embolization of a complex DAVF in the superior sagittal sinus with a multistaged approach using a combination of transvenous and transarterial tactics. The strategies and techniques are discussed.     

Endoscopic titanium clip closure of gastric fistula after splenectomy: A case report

This report describes a 52-year-old male patient with blunt abdominal traumatic rupture of the spleen due to injuries sustained in an automobile accident. Following splenectomy, the patient developed a gastric fistula. He underwent a long period of conservative treatment, including antibiotics and total parenteral nutrition, which was ineffective. The fistula could not be closed and titanium clip closure using a gastroscopy was then performed in order to close the fistula. After endoscopic therapy and clipping surgery, the patient’s general condition improved significantly, and he had no post-procedural abdominal complications. On post-clipping day 6, the gastric fistula was completely closed as shown by X-ray examination of the upper digestive tract. The patient was discharged from hospital and no complications were observed during the six-month follow-up period. Our report suggests that titanium clip closure using endoscopy may be the choice of treatment in patients with a gastric fistula.     

Successful management of therapy-refractory pseudoachalasia after Ivor Lewis esophagectomy by bypassing colonic pull-up: A case report

BACKGROUNDGastric pull-up after esophagectomy is still a demanding surgical procedure and associated with considerable morbidity such as anastomotic leaks, fistulas or stenoses. These complications are usually managed by endoscopy, but in extreme cases multidisciplinary management including reoperations may be necessary. Here, we report managing therapy-refractory pseudoachalasia after Ivor Lewis esophagectomy by bypassing colonic pull-up.CASE SUMMARYA 70-year-old male with dysphagia and regurgitation after esophagectomy with gastric pull-up reconstruction was transferred to our tertiary hospital. Since endoscopic approaches including balloon dilatation and stenting failed, retrosternal colonic pull-up with Roux-en-Y reconstruction was performed with no subsequent adverse events.CONCLUSIONSecondary colonic pull-up is a demanding but successful surgical procedure in patients suffering from therapy-refractory complaints after esophagectomy with gastric pull-up reconstruction.     

Postnephrectomy fistula between the renal artery stump and inferior vena cava treated with Amplatzer vascular plug: gray-scale and Doppler sonographic findings

Fistulous communication between the renal artery stump and the inferior vena cava is a rare complication of nephrectomy. We report a case of an adult male in whom a fistula was detected on investigation for persistent postoperative anemia. The fistula was initially identified with Doppler sonography and subsequently confirmed on a catheter angiogram. It was successfully occluded percutaneously with an Amplatzer vascular plug. The plug had a distinctive appearance on subsequent sonographic studies that was useful for follow-up evaluation.     

Radiological closure of an enteric fistula with n-butyl-2-cyano-acrylate - case report

Summary

Radiological closure of a fistula from a colo-jejunal anastomosis to the skin was successfully performed in a patient with a colonic interposition after failure of conservative treatment. The method of fluoroscopically-guided injection of cyanoacrylate glue is described. The advantages and disadvantages of cyanoacrylate as a tissue sealant are discussed.     

肺癌支气管-食管瘘合并主动脉瘘1例

患者男,51岁,以“左胸疼痛3年,加重伴胸闷,痰中带血1个月”入院。2004年6月左侧胸部疼痛,出现胸闷、气短、咳嗽、咳痰,偶见痰中带血丝,伴有午后发热,就诊于当地医院,胸部CT显示左侧肺门占位,左侧胸腔少量积液,PPD(-)。拟诊“胸膜炎”。给予住院,抗生素治疗20天,胸部疼痛、午后低热等症状明显缓解,胸闷、气短、咳嗽、咳痰未见明显缓解。复查胸部CT显示胸腔积液完全吸收,左侧肺门占位未见明显变化。2004年6月29日来我院,痰涂片未检出结核菌,行胸部CT增强扫描:肿瘤位于左侧肺门,大小约5cm×4cm×4cm,包绕左肺上叶和下叶支气管,与纵隔主动脉…     

Spinal arteriovenous fistula located in the filum terminale externa: A case report and review of the literature

A filum terminale arteriovenous fistula (FTAVF) is an extremely rare spinal arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and typically presents with myelopathy and conus medullaris syndrome caused by venous congestion in the spinal cord. Most reported FTAVFs are intradural pial AVFs with perimedullary drainage in the filum terminale interna. However, there are no reports of AVFs in the filum terminale externa (FTE). We describe a case involving a 68-year-old man with an AVF in the FTE who presented with progressive myelopathy and underwent successful endovascular treatment. We identified the specific shunt point by fusing postoperative computed tomography and magnetic resonance images. The features of the extradural sac AVF developed in the FTE may mimic those of a dural AVF with dural supply to the FTE covered by the dural component, unlike typical FTAVFs where the shunt develops at the pia mater. This case makes a significant contribution to the field by increasing the understanding of the clinical characteristics of an AVF that develops in the FTE and its angioarchitecture.     

Beware of gastric tube in esophagectomy after gastric radiotherapy: A case report

BACKGROUNDGastric tube formation and pull-up is the most common technique of reconstruction following esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. If previous treatment with radiotherapy for gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-lymphoma restricts suitability of the stomach for anastomosis to the esophagus is unknown.CASE SUMMARYA 57-year-old man underwent sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy for gastric MALT-lymphoma seven years prior to diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Esophagectomy without neoadjuvant treatment was recommended by the multidisciplinary tumor board due to early tumor stage [uT1 (sm2) uN+ cM0 according to TNM-classification of malignant tumors, 8^th edition] without lymph node involvement. Minimal invasive esophageal resection with esophagogastrostomy was performed. Due to gastric tube necrosis with anastomotic leakage on the twelfth postoperative day, diverting resection with construction of a cervical salivary fistula was necessary. Rapid recovery facilitated colonic interposition without any complications six months afterwards.CONCLUSIONThis case report may represent the start for further investigation to know if it is reasonable to refrain from esophagogastrostomy in patients with a long interval between gastric radiotherapy and surgery.     

脑动静脉畸形栓塞术后迟发性脑炎1例并文献复习

目的 探讨栓塞材料相关性脑炎这一罕见不良反应的诊断和治疗。方法 回顾性分析脑动静脉畸形(brain arteriovenous malformations,BAVM)栓塞术后出现迟发性脑炎患者1例,并复习相关文献。结果 患者男性,52岁,BAVM栓塞术后1个月内先后出现全身皮疹及左侧肢体无力,抗病毒治疗无效,排除其他疾病后考虑患者为栓塞材料相关的迟发性脑炎,经激素治疗后患者痊愈。结论 血管内栓塞治疗可诱发严重的中枢神经系统迟发性炎症反应,有必要对患者延长术后随访期限。     

Mesh plug erosion into the small intestine after inguinal hernia repair: A case report

BACKGROUNDMesh plug (MP) erosion into the intra-abdominal organs is a rare but serious long-term complication after inguinal hernia repair (IHR), and may lead to aggravation of symptoms if not treated promptly. It is difficult to diagnose MP erosion as there are no obvious specific clinical manifestations, and surgery is often needed for confirmation. In recent years, with the increased understanding of postoperative complications, MP eroding into the intra-abdominal organs has been a cause for concern among surgeons.CASE SUMMARYA 50-year-old man was referred to the Department of General Surgery with the complaint of abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant for 2 d. He had a surgical history of right open IHR and partial thyroidectomy performed 20 years and 15 years ago, respectively. Computed tomography revealed a circinate high-density image with short segmental thickening of the ileum stuck to the abdominal wall, and no evidence of recurrent inguinal hernia. Laparoscopic abdominal exploration confirmed adhesion of the middle segmental portion of the ileal loop to the right inguinal abdominal wall; the rest of the small intestine was normal. Further exploration revealed migration of the polypropylene MP into the intraperitoneal cavity and formation of granulation tissue around the plug, which eroded the ileum. Partial resection of the ileum, including the MP and end-to-side anastomosis with an anastomat, was performed.CONCLUSIONSurgeons should aim to improve their ability to predict patients at high risk for MP erosion after IHR.     

Arteriovenous fistula between the left vertebral artery and the inferior thyroid vein: a case report

Arteriovenous fistula between the left vertebral artery and the inferior thyroid vein is a rare entity. This condition can change the blood supply of the basilar artery system, and then lead to an abnormal blood supply of the vertebral body. Therefore, this rare condition may be misdiagnosed in the clinic. We report an arteriovenous fistula between the left vertebral artery, which was found during an interventional operation of a 49-year-old Asian man. He was non-diabetic and an ex-smoker, and presented with a 1-month history of pain in the neck, shoulder, waist, back, and right lower limb. Vascular angiography showed an arteriovenous fistula, and coils were placed in the fistula. In this setting, coil embolization was effective, and a 1-year follow-up suggested that a good long-term result was likely.     

High-flow priapism due to bilateral cavernous artery fistulas treated by unilateral embolization: A case report

BACKGROUNDHigh flow priapism (HFP) is a rare type of priapism. Perineal trauma is the most common cause of HFP. Trauma-induced penile artery injury may lead to an arterial-cavernosal fistula, whereas persistent irregular arterial blood flow entering the corpora cavernosum can cause a persistent penile erection. The routine treatment of HFP focuses on addressing the abnormal penile erectile status and avoiding post-treatment erectile dysfunction. Interventional embolization is an important therapeutic modality for HFP, and bilateral embolization therapy is currently the most commonly used technique for patients with bilateral cavernous artery fistulas; however, unilateral embolization therapy has yet to be reported.CASE SUMMARYHerein, we report of the case of a 26-year-old Chinese male who presented with a persistent abnormal erection for 12 h after perineal impact injury. Medical history, cavernous arterial blood gas analysis and radiological examinations led to a diagnosis of HFP caused by bilateral cavernous artery fistulas. We performed routine conservative treatment (compression therapy and ice application) for the patient after admission; however, 10 d later, his symptoms had not been relieved. After completion of the preoperative workup, right (severe side) selective perineal artery embolization was performed; the left cavernous artery fistula was left untreated. After postoperative continuation of conservative treatment for 72 h, the patient experienced complete penile thinning. The patient had no symptoms of erectile dysfunction over a follow-up period of 12 mo.CONCLUSIONCompared with bilateral cavernous artery fistula embolization, we believe that unilateral cavernous artery fistula embolization can achieve positive clinical efficacy and reduce the risk of postoperative erectile dysfunction secondary to penile ischemia.