2014年AHA/ACC/HRS心房颤动患者管理指南解读

2014年3月28日,美国心脏协会（AHA）、美国心脏病学会（ACC）、美国心律学会（HRS）和美国胸外科学会（STS）联合发布了2014年心房颤动（房颤）患者管理指南[1],以替代2006年版房颤管理指南[2]和2011年更新的房颤管理指南[3-5].新指南参考了近几年有关房颤基础与临床研究的循证医学证据,在2006年版房颤管理指南的基础上进行了全面更新.     

Management of Atrial Fibrillation in 2021: An Updated Comparison of the Current CCS/CHRS,ESC, and AHA/ACC/HRS Guidelines

Given its complexity, the management of atrial fibrillation (AF) has relied increasingly on expert guideline recommendations; however, discrepancies between these professional societies can lead to confusion among practicing clinicians. This article compares the recommendations in the 2019 American Heart Association (AHA)/American College of Cardiology (ACC)/Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), the 2020 European Society of Cardiology (ESC), and the 2020 Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CCS/CHRS) AF guidelines. Although many of the recommendations are fundamentally similar, there are important differences among guidelines; specifically, key differences are present in (1) definitions and classification of AF; (2) the role of opportunistic AF detection; (3) symptom and quality-of-life evaluation; (4) stroke-risk stratification and the indication for oral anticoagulation (OAC) therapy; (5) the role of aspirin in prevention of stroke for patients with AF; (6) the antithrombotic regimens employed in the context of coronary artery disease; (7) the role of OAC, and specifically non-vitamin K direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs), in patients with chronic and end-stage renal disease; (8) the target heart rate for patients treated with a rate-control strategy, along with the medications recommended to achieve the heart-rate target; and (9) the role of catheter ablation as first-line therapy or in patients with heart failure. These differences highlight areas of continuing clinical uncertainty in which there are important needs and opportunities for future investigative work.     

A Latin American Perspective on the New ACC/AHA Clinical Guidelines for Managing Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Atherosclerotic heart disease and stroke are leading causes of disability and death worldwide, affecting not only developed countries, but also low- and middle-income regions. Different strategies for handling dyslipidemia as a critical pathogenic risk factor for atherosclerosis have been proposed. However, these recommendations are not applied at all in many countries or even in whole regions of the world. Recently, new US guidelines on risk assessment, lifestyle changes, and high blood cholesterol level treatment to manage atherosclerotic disease were released. In this article, we analyze these new guidelines and discuss their potential applications in preventive cardiovascular medicine in Latin America.