脉络膜新生血管性疾病中西药治疗的多焦视网膜电图及视野观察

目的 探讨脉络膜新生血管性疾病患者在接受中西药治疗后的视功能改变,客观评价多焦视网膜电图(mfERG)及视野在脉络膜新生血管膜形成(choroidal neovasculari-zation,CNV)病程临测中的应用价值.方法 收集中山大学中山眼科中心2007年至2009年经FFA及ICGA确诊湿性型AMD、特发性CNV患者接受中西药联合治疗共14例(16只眼),于治疗前、治疗后3个月、6个月分别行视力、眼底彩照、视野、多焦视网膜电图检查,分析治疗过程中的形态学和功能改变.结果 治疗后6个月中心30°视野平均缺损(MD)、丢失变异(LV)明显下降(P<0.05),中心10°视野LV明显下降(P<0.05);治疗后6个月mfERG第3环、第5环N1波振幅密度比治疗前明显增加,其差异有统计学意义(P(3R)=0.03,P(5R)=0.021);治疗后6个月mfERG第1环、第2环P1波振幅密度比治疗前明显增加,其差异有统计学意义(P(1R)=0.012,P(2R)=0.036).结论 中西药结合治疗对CNV患者的视功能有稳定或改善的作用.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate visual function in patients with CNV treated with Chinesemedicine combined with antioxygen, and objectively assess the value of multifocal electroretinogram and visual field in the follow-up of patient with CNV.Methods Fourteen patients (16 eyes) with CNV treated with traditional Chinese medicine combined with antioxygen were enrolled from 2007 to 2009.Their BCVA, FFA and/or ICGA, visual field and mfERG were performed at baseline and at 3 months, 6 months to evaluate the effects of the treatment.Results The mean defect (MD) and the loss variance (LV) of central 30° visual field and the LV of central 10° visual field was significantly decreased at sixth month (P <0.05); The average response density of N1 and P1 in the first and second ring were increased than baseline (P, 1st ring = 0.012; P, 2nd ring = 0.031) in the follow up of 6 months.Conclusions The visual function of patients with CNV may be stable or improved with the combined treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and antioxigen.     

微视野计检测中老年人正常眼黄斑区视网膜功能

目的 研究Microperimeter(MP)-1微视野计检测中老年人正常眼黄斑区视网膜光敏感度及固视率的正常值.方法 正常值测定.应用MP-1微视野计检测60名(60只眼)41～70岁健康受检者正常眼黄斑中心10°范围视网膜功能.根据受检者年龄分为3组,A组41～50岁,B组51～60岁,C组61～70岁.各年龄组间黄斑中心10°范围视网膜平均光敏感度和黄斑中心凹不同位置间平均光敏感度比较均采用秩和检验,前者以P＜0.017、后者以P＜0.025作为差异有统计学意义;受检者年龄与视网膜平均光敏感度的相关性采用相关分析法.结果 60只眼的黄斑中心10°范围内视网膜平均光敏感度为(19.7833±0.4906)dB,距黄斑中心5°、3°、1°环上的视网膜平均光敏感度分别为(19.5117±1.1044)、(19.8542±0.4099)及(19.9183±0.3895)dB.黄斑中心2°和4°范围内的平均固视率分别为(88.4667±9.9600)%和(97.2000±3.9091)%.距黄斑中心5°与3°环上的视网膜平均光敏感度比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.943,P＜0.025);距黄斑中心3°与1°环上的视网膜平均光敏感度比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.367,P＜0.025).结论 MP-1微视野计检查可用于评价黄斑区视网膜功能.3个年龄组间黄斑中心10°范围内视网膜平均光敏感度基本接近;距黄斑中心的距离不同,视网膜平均光敏感度不同;中老年人年龄与视网膜光敏感度不相关.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the macular retinal sensitivity and fixation stability rates in normal subjects of middle and old age by using the MP-1 microperimeter. Methods This was a normal value test which enrolled 60 healthy subjects aging from 41 to 70 years old. It detected the retinal function of the central 10 degrees of the macular by using the MP-1 microperimeter. Sixty subjects were divided into three groups according to their ages: group A from 41 to 50, group B from 51 to 60 and group C from 61 to 70. Rank and testing methods were used to compare the mean retinal sensitivity (MS) within the central 10 degrees of the macular among the three groups, and P ＜0. 017 was used for statistical significance. Rank and testing methods were used to compare MS of different locations in the macular fovea, and P ＜ 0. 025 was used for statistical significance. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the age and retinal MS values. Results The retinal MS within the central 10 degrees of the macular in 60 eyes of the 60 subjects was ( 19.7833 ± 0.4906) dB, and were ( 19.5117 ± 1. 1044), ( 19.8542 ± 0.4099) and ( 19. 9183 ±0. 3895) dB at 5 degrees, 3 degrees and 1 degree from the center of the macular, respectively.The mean fixation stability rates within 2 degrees and 4 degrees were (88. 4667 ±9. 9600)% and (97. 2000 ±3.9091 ) %, respectively. There was statistical significance between retinal MS at 5 degrees and at 3 degrees from the center of the macular ( Z = - 2. 943, P ＜ 0. 025 ); there was also statistical significance between retinal MS at 3 degrees and at 1 degree from the center of the macular ( Z = - 2. 367, P ＜ 0. 025 ).Conclusions MP-1 microperimetry examination could be used to evaluate the macular retinal function.There is no difference in the retinal MS within the central 10 degrees of the macular among the three groups of normal subjects of different ages. The retinal MS difference is statistically significant with different distances from the center of the macular; but there is no correlation between the age and the retinal sensitivities in normal subjects of middle and old age.     

非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变视野表现分析

目的 观察分析非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变(NAION)视野损伤特征及其影响因素.方法 确诊为NAION并有完整视野检查记录的139例患者纳入研究.其中,男性65例,占46.7%;女性74例,占53.3%.平均发病年龄(56.2±10.8)岁.所有患者均行视力、屈光状态、屈光间质检查,裂隙灯显微镜加前置镜眼底检查、眼底彩色照相、视野检查,其中125例患者进行了荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)检查,同时行血压、实验室血常规及血生物化学检查.对所有患者的视野表现及其影响因素进行统计学分析;对77只眼的FFA检查结果与视野检查结果一致性进行对比分析.结果 视野检查结果显示,典型下半视野缺损者48只眼,占34.5%;弓形暗点者24只眼,占17.3%;不典型弓形暗点者24只眼,占17.3%;全视野缺损者20只眼,占14.4%;上半视野缺损者10只眼,占7.2%;上半视野缺损+下方弓形暗点者5只眼,占3.6%;下半视野缺损+上方弓形暗点者8只眼,占5.8%.患眼视野平均缺损值(MD值)为-3.0～-32.0,平均MD值为-17.9±7.9.77只眼中,FFA荧光缺损区与视野缺损区非常一致者7只眼,占9.1%;大部分一致者26只眼,占33.8%;小部分一致者39只眼,占50.6%;完全不一致者5只眼,占6.5%.多元线性回归分析结果显示,红细胞平均体积(MCV)(β=0.203,t=2.005)、胆固醇(CHOL)(β=0.230,t=2.244)是影响患眼视野MD值的因素(P＜0.05).结论 NAION视野损害呈现多样化表现;血MCV、CHOL可能是影响视野缺损程度的主要因素.

Abstract：

Objective To study the visual field defects and its correlation factors in nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). Methods One hundred and thirty-nine patients of NAION with complete visual field examination results were included in this study. There were 65 males (46.7%)and 74 females (53.3%), with an average age of (56.2±10. 8) years. All the patients had undergone the examinations of visual acuity, refraction, refractive media, slit lamp ophthalmoscope, color fundus photography, visual field, blood pressure, blood routine test and blood biochemistry test. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was carried out in 125 patients. The visual field characteristics and its correlation factors were statistically analyzed, and the FFA and visual field results of 77 eyes were comparatively analyzed. Results The visual field examination showed typical inferior defect in 48 eyes (34. 5%), arcuate scotoma in 24 eyes (17.3%), atypical arcuate scotoma in 24 eyes (17. 3%), defuse defect in 20 eyes ( 14.4% ), superior defect in 10 eyes (7. 2 % ), superior defect with inferior arcuate scotoma in five eyes (3.6 %), inferior defect with superior arcuate scotoma in eight eyes (5.8%). The mean defect (MD) value ranged from -3.0 to -32.0,with an average of - 17.9±7.9. Among 77 eyes with FFA data,the FFA and visual field defect area were highly consistent seven eyes (9. 1%), consistent in 26 eyes (33.8%), some kind of consistent in 39 eyes (50. 6%), completely inconsistent in five eyes (6.5%).Multiple lineal regression analysis showed that mean red cell volume (MCV) (β=0. 203, t= 2. 005) and cholesterol level (CHOL) (β=0. 230, t=2. 244) were correlation factors of MD (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The visual field defect of NAION shows a variety of patterns which may be mainly influenced by MCV and CHOL.     

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HUMPHREY AUTOMATED PERIMETRY STRATEGIES CENTRAL 30－2 THRESHOLD TEST VERSUS CENTRAL 30－2 SITA STANDARD TEST

Objective: To compare the glaucoma hemifield test (ght) results of the central 30-2 threshold test vs. central 30-2 sita standard test in glaucoma suspect patients without expierence in automated perimetry. Methods: Using the humphrey visual field analyzer model 745, 100 subjects were tested with central 30-2 threshold test (group a) and 100 subjects were tested with cen-     

OBJECTIVE PERIMETRY WITH THE ACCUMAP CLINICAL APPLICATIONS

The clinical application of multifocal visual evoked potentials (mVEP) for objective testing of the visual field has enabled a new approach to the assessment of glaucoma and glaucoma suspects. The AccuMap (ObjectiVision) shows good correlation with structural changes as detected by the Heidelberg scanning     

Clinical Application of Photopic Negative Response of the Flash Electroretinogram in Primary Open-angle Glaucoma

 PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the photopic negative response (PhNR) for the detection of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: Fifty-two normal subjects (52 eyes) and 173 POAG patients (173 eyes) were studied. The PhNR was elicited using a white stimuli on a white background. The mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation (PSD) of the visual field were measured using standard automated perimetry (SAP). Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to measure the mean thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). RESULTS: In the glaucoma group, as compared to the normal group, the amplitudes of a-waves, b-waves and PhNR were significantly smaller (P<0.001), and the PhNR implicit time was significantly longer (P=0.004). The MD, PSD and mean thickness of the RNFL were significantly correlated with the amplitude of the PhNR (P<0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) for the amplitudes of a-waves, b-waves and PhNR were 0.853, 0.830 and 0.918, respectively. When the specificity was ≥95%, the sensitivities were 60.4%, 54.2% and 85.4% respectively. CONCLUSION：The PhNR amplitude was reduced even when the loss in visual field sensitivity was mild, which suggests that PhNR might be a useful indicator of early glaucoma disease.       

[In Press] Structure-function relationship comparison between retinal nerve fibre layer and Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width in glaucoma

AIM: To evaluate and compare structural OCT-based parameters, such as Bruch′s membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW), and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in glaucoma patients with visual field (VF) defects, and to correlate both to mean deviation (MD) values of obtained standard achromatic perimetry (SAP) examinations. METHODS: Patients with glaucoma and glaucomatous VF defects were enrolled in this prospective study and compared to age-matched healthy individuals. All study participants underwent a full ophthalmic examination and visual field (VF) testing with SAP. Peripapillary RNFL thickness and BMO-MRW were acquired with SD-OCT. Correlation analyses between obtained global functional and global as well as sectorial structural parameters were calculated. RESULTS: A consecutive series of 30 glaucomatous right eyes of 30 patients were included and compared to 36 healthy right eyes of 36 patients in the control group. Global MD of values correlated significantly with global RNFL (Pearson corr. coeff: 0.632, P=0.001) and global BMO-MRW (Pearson corr. coeff: 0.746, P<0.001) values in the glaucoma group. Global MD and sectorial RNFL or BMO-MRW values correlated less significantly. In the control group, MD values did not correlate with RNFL or BMO-MRW measurements. A subgroup analysis of myopic patients (>4dpt) within the glaucoma group (n=6) revealed a tendency for higher correlations between MD and BMO-MRW than MD and RNFL measurements. CONCLUSION: In a clinical setting, RNFL thickness and BMO-MRW correlate similarly with global VF sensitivity in glaucoma patients with BMO-MRW showing higher correlations in myopic glaucoma patients.     

黄斑程序蓝/黄视野检查评估糖尿病性黄斑囊样水肿视功能的研究

目的 探讨黄斑程序蓝/黄视野检查在糖尿病性黄斑囊样水肿(cystoid macular edema,CME)诊断、预后判断及视功能评估中的作用.方法 收集糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)发生CME患者28例(28眼)(CME组),无CME患者24例(24眼)(NCME组),采用瑞士Octopus101型全自动视野计黄斑程序分别进行白/白视野(white-on-white perimetry,W/WP)和蓝/黄视野(blue-on-yellow perimetry,B/YP)检查,记录视野平均光敏感度(mean sensitivity,MS)值、平均缺损(mean defcct,MD)值等指标.结果 在W/WP检查中,NCME组MS值(26.23±2.71)dB显著大于CME组MS值(23.91±3.37)dB,差异有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01);NCME组MD值(1.99±1.27)dB显著小于CME组MD值(4.33±1.92)dB,差异也有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01).在B/YP检查中,NCME组MS值(20.08±2.16)dB显著大于CME组MS值(15.13±2.24) dB,差异有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01);NCME组MD值(6.63±2.30)dB显著小于CME组MD值(11.59±3.46)dB,差异有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01).W/WP检查MS(r=-0.357,P=0.009)、MD(r=-0.584,P＜0.01),与DR患者有无CME显著相关;B/YP检查MS(r=-0.753,P＜0.01)、MD(r=-0.645,P ＜0.01),也与DR患者有无CME显著相关.结论 视野检查尤其是黄斑程序B/YP是糖尿病性CME临床诊断、视功能评估的方法之一,可以作为DR常规检查项目,有利于CME的早期发现及疗效观察.     

A Comparative Evaluation of Humphrey Perimetry and the Multi—channel P

Purposes: To compare the multi-channel pattern visual evoked potentials to Humphrey perimetry in the assessment of central visual function in primary open angle glaucoma. Methods: The multi-channel checkerboard reversal PVEPs waves to full-field and half-field stimulus of 25 normal persons and 74 patients with primary open angle glaucoma were recorded and analyzed, All patients were examined using Humphrey Field Analyzer. The area of visual field corresponding to the area of retina stimulated during multi-channel PVEPs testing were analysed, straight-line correlation and regression analyses of the various multi-channel PVEPs parameters and the total dB losses were performed.Results: The multi-channel PVEPs demonstrated a low detection rate compared with Humprey perimetry in the early glaucoma, absolute latency and field loss were correlated in the late stage of glaucoma, and absolute amplitude and field loss were not correlated. Conclusions: In relation to signalling early loss the multi-channel PVEPs w     

Foveal structure changes in infants treated with anti-VEGF therapy or laser therapy guided by optical coherence tomography angiography for retinopathy of prematurity

AIM: To evaluate foveal vessel density(VD) and foveal thickness using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) in retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) children treated with laser photocoagulation or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) injection. Additionally, we assessed the relationship between foveal microvascular anomalies and different therapies in ROP children.METHODS: This was a single-center, retrospective study of patients with a diagnosis of type 1 ROP. Twenty-three eyes(14 patients) treated with anti-VEGF injection and twentynine eyes(17 patients) treated with laser coagulation were included in this study. The foveal VD, inner thickness and full thickness were measured at the central 0°, 2° to 8°, and 8° of the retina(centered on the fovea) using OCTA and cross-sectional OCT, respectively.RESULTS: Foveal VD, inner thickness and full thickness were significantly smaller within the central 8° of the retina in ROP children treated with anti-VEGF injection than in those treated with laser photocoagulation(P=0.013, 0.009, 0.036, respectively). The full thickness was also smaller in the anti-VEGF group than in the laser group at the central 0° of the retina(P=0.010). The grade of foveal hypoplasia is lower in the anti-VEGF group than in the laser group(P=0.045). Multivariable analysis did not find any risk factors associated with visual acuity in our study.CONCLUSION: In children with type 1 ROP, the better structural development of fovea in those who were treated with anti-VEGF injection compared with laser photocoagulation are identified. However, visual acuity outcomes are similar 70 mo after the treatments.     

Application of multifocal visual evoked potentials in the assessment of visual dysfunction in macular diseases

Purpose

To evaluate the use of AccuMap multifocal visual evoked potentials (mfVEP) in visual dysfunction caused by macular diseases.

Methods

Forty-eight eyes with known macular diseases underwent AccuMap mfVEP and microperimetry 1 (MP1) assessments. Evaluation of mfVEP abnormality was based on an amplitude deviation probability plot and the AccuMap Severity Index (ASI). Correlation analyses of the mean mfVEP amplitude corresponding to a radius of 2°, 5°, and 10° of the central visual field, minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and MP1 mean sensitivity of the corresponding areas were performed.

Results

Among the 48 affected eyes, AccuMap mfVEP detected an abnormality of the central visual field in 45 eyes, with a sensitivity of 93.8%. The mean mfVEP amplitudes within a radius of 2°, 5°, and 10° of the central visual field were found to be positively correlated with BCVA (P<0.01 for all groups). The mean amplitudes also positively correlated with the MP1 mean sensitivity value of the corresponding visual field (P<0.01 for all groups). In the group with stable fixation or predominantly central fixation, the mean mfVEP amplitudes did not correlate with the BCVA or the MP1 mean sensitivity value. Regardless of the fixation status, the ASI was found to correlate with both the BCVA and the total MP1 mean defect value.

Conclusion

Objective perimetry using AccuMap mfVEP might be applied in the assessment of macular function, with the ASI offering a potentially useful indicator for evaluating macular dysfunction.     

Correlation of the multifocal visual evoked potential and standard automated perimetry in compressive optic neuropathies

PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between abnormalities detected by the multifocal visual-evoked potential (mfVEP) compared with those detected by static achromatic automated perimetry in patients with compressive optic neuropathy. METHODS: Fifteen patients of mean age 50.8 years, with known compressive optic neuropathy from chiasmal lesions, underwent monocular mfVEP and 24-2 SITA-standard Humphrey visual field (HVF; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin CA) testing in each eye. Visual field spatial agreement and extent of involvement were analyzed by assigning a severity score to each quadrant, based on pattern deviation and amplitude deviation probability plots. RESULTS: HVF mean deviation (MD) was -6.54 +/- 7.43 dB (mean), and the mfVEP mean AccuMap Severity Index (ASI; ObjectiVision Pty. Ltd., Sydney, Australia) score was 81 +/- 74. MD and ASI correlated significantly (r = -0.55, P = 0.024). Although both mfVEP and HVF reported approximately the same proportion of visual fields as abnormal (70%, 21/30, and 87%, 26/30, respectively), 19% (5/26) with abnormal HVF were labeled normal or borderline by mfVEP. The agreement for field quadrants between instruments was 69% (kappa = 0.33). mfVEP severity scores for quadrants and hemifields were higher than scores for HVF in the same eyes. The superotemporal quadrant showed the strongest correlation between techniques (r = 0.73, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: In the first study to compare mfVEP to HVF in patients with compressive optic neuropathy, there was good qualitative and quantitative agreement between tests, though findings were in only modest agreement in some areas. The injury caused by compressive optic neuropathy may be usefully identified by mfVEP. Improved methods of analysis may increase the diagnostic utility of the method.     

Repeatability of the multifocal visual evoked potentials in a clinical glaucoma setting

Background: To determine the reproducibility of the multifocal visual evoked potentials (mfVEP) test results in a clinical glaucoma setting, and the factors that affect variability. Methods: This was an observational case series study. The monocular mfVEP test, having a 58-sector, pattern-reversal dartboard array, was performed twice within 4 weeks in both eyes of 29 adult open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients and suspects, using AccuMap Opera Software (ObjectiVision Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia). The AccuMap severity index (ASI), the mean amplitude, and the individual amplitudes in each sector were compared between the 2 tests using intraclass correlations (ICCs). The effects of the severity of mfVEP field defects and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the reproducibility of these variables were determined using the McNemar test and the Spearman rank correlation, respectively. Results: The average ICCs of the ASI and amplitudes in the 2 tests were 0.84 and 0.87, respectively. Two sectors in the right eye and 6 in the left eye had significant differences between the 2 tests (Wilcoxon signed-rank p < 0.05). Larger differences were observed in patients having lower SNR (Spearman p = 0.022). Forty-six of the 58 eyes stayed within the same diagnosis category on repeating the test (i.e., within normal limits or outside normal limits). Interpretation: Although there were some isolated examples of clinically significant differences on repeating the mfVEP test in our patients, our results suggest overall good repeat reliability. The variability of the test was higher in patients having high noise levels during the test.     

应用AccuMap多焦视觉诱发电位客观视野检测法观察晶状体混浊对青光眼视野检测结果的影响

目的探讨AccuMap多焦视觉诱发电位客观视野检测法观察晶状体混浊对青光眼视野检测结果的影响及与Humphrey自动视野检测结果之间的相关性。方法观察和比较原发性青光眼伴有中等程度晶状体混浊患者白内障术前后AccuMap与Humphrey视野计检测结果。术前由同一位有经验的眼科医师观察并记录(采用LOCSⅢ标准)患者晶状体的混浊程度。结果符合入选标准并完成观察者共22例。(1)AccuMap视野检测平均振幅术前为(308.0±96.6)nV,术后为(382.6±146.7)nV,术前与术后平均振幅差异有统计学意义(P=0.01)。平均视野损害严重程度指数(accumapseverityindex,ASI)术前为90.0±54.8,术后为48.6±42.4,术后比术前ASI显著下降(P<0.001)。潜伏期术前后无明显变化,术前平均为(1207.5±67.7)ms,术后为(1191.2±61.9)ms(P=0.289)。(2)晶状体混浊程度与AccuMap振幅的变化AccuMap振幅的变化与晶状体混浊程度无明显相关性(Spearman秩相关分析,P=0.09)。(3)Humphrey视野计检测结果术前平均偏差(meandeviation,MD)为-12.2±7.8,术后为-9.6±8.8,术后与术前MD差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);而模式标准差(patternstandarddeviation,PSD)术前为6.5±3.2,术后为6.3±4.0,差异无统计学意义(P=0.748)。(4)ASI与MD比较术前、术后ASI分别与MD具有相关性(Pearson相关分析,术前P=0.013,术后P<0.001);且术后与术前ASI的变化与MD的变化也具有相关性(Pearson相关分析,P=0.017)。结论AccuMap视野检测法显示晶状体混浊影响青光眼患者的视野检测结果,其中振幅受影响更明显。与Humphrey视野检测结果比较,AccuMap检测的ASI与MD具有相关性。(中华眼科杂志,2006,42972-976)     

特发性黄斑裂孔患者手术前后中心视野的改变

目的 分析特发性黄斑裂孔患者手术前后的中心视野改变情况.方法 对2005～2006年在中山大学中山眼科中心接受玻璃体手术联合0.25%ICG辅助内界膜剥离治疗的特发性黄斑裂孔患者共19例(19只眼),用Octopns101全自动视野计M2程序观察手术前及手术后2个月、6个月、1年时患者中心10度视野平均缺损(MD)及中心4度平均敏感度(MS)的改变情况.结果 特发性黄斑裂孔手术后共有16例裂孔闭合(84.21%).经多元方差分析16例裂孔闭合的病人手术前及术后2月、6月、1年10度中心视野MD及4度中心视野MS四次测量结果之间的改变情况,趋势图显示术后2个月视野较术前差,随时间延长逐渐有所恢复.结论 特发性黄斑裂孔患者术后2个月时中心视野较术前变差,随时间延长逐渐接近术前水平.     

Test-retest variability of multifocal visual evoked potential and SITA standard perimetry in glaucoma

PURPOSE: To investigate the test-retest variability of multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) and threshold perimetry in glaucoma, and to examine the relationship between the two techniques. METHODS: Data were recorded using the AccuMap mfVEP and SITA standard program of the Humphrey Field Analyzer. Data were obtained twice within a 4-week period from both eyes of 74 patients with varying amounts of glaucomatous visual field loss. The number of defective test locations (those falling beyond a given probability value of being normal) were calculated for mfVEP and SITA, using databases incorporated within the instruments software. Reliability measures and test times were recorded along with patient test preference. RESULTS: Both tests showed a large degree of test-retest variability in the number of defective test locations (95% limits of agreement for mfVEP and SITA being 13.39 and 9.88, respectively). A "fair to moderate" degree of spatial agreement was found between mfVEP and SITA. The number of mfVEP defective locations was dependent on the signal amplitude. No relationship was found between test-retest variability and the reliability indices for either test. The mean time taken to perform mfVEP and SITA standard was 33 and 20 minutes, respectively, and 73 of the 74 patients preferred the mfVEP test. CONCLUSIONS: Test-retest variability was found to be slightly greater for mfVEP. The processing of mfVEP signals needs to be changed to remove the relationship between the number of defective locations and signal amplitude. The majority of patients preferred mfVEP to conventional perimetry although mfVEP takes longer to perform.     

MP-1微视野和SWAP/B-YP视野及标准W-W视野检测青光眼的相关研究

目的：研究MP-1(microperimetry-1)微视野检测、短波长/蓝黄视野(short-wavelength auto-mated perimtry/blue-on-yellow perimetry,SWAP/B-YP)检测、标准白/白( white-on-white perimetry,W-W)视野检测在青光眼的现代临床综合检测中取得的视盘形态参数与生理盲点视野变异间的相关性。

方法：随机对我科门诊39例78眼正常体检者(均为我部军人)、59例118眼早期青光眼患者、25例50眼中期青光眼患者均采用HUMPHREY Ⅱ-750全自动全视野仪检测W-W与SWAP/B-YP视野仪、MP-1眼底超微视野仪进行视盘区域视野检测与45°免散瞳照相精确定位并叠加,通过上述三种视野的综合检测进行分析。重点指标：杯盘比值(cup/disc,C/D)、平均缺损(mean deviation,MD)。

结果：(1)MP-1微视野与SWAP/B-YP视野皆有明显差异。与正常体检组比较,早期青光眼组现C/D、MD均增大,生理盲点轻度扩大,中期青光眼组三种视野均能明显发现生理盲点、MS、MD异常。(2)当MP-1视野与 SWAP/B-YP视野综合检测青光眼时,在Logistic回归分析指导下,其MD特异度、灵敏度、准确率为92.0%,95.0%,93.9%。在与C/D值综合分析后,其可超越99%。

结论：MP-1微视野与SWAP/B-YP视野的敏感性在早期青光眼的检测中较标准W-W视野高,具有较好的相关性。但对于中期青光眼则体现了标准W-W视野快捷、准确、省时优势,上述三种视野综合检测较完整地体现出免散瞳眼底45°彩色图与视野功能相结合综合分析是将形态学和功能学检查结合得到精确定位的、定量的视觉功能资料,有助于更进一步提高青光眼现代临床检测诊断效应。     

脉络膜新生血管性疾病光动力疗法治疗后中心视野光敏感度改变

目的 :观察光动力疗法治疗脉络膜新生血管 (choroidalneovascularization ,CNV)性疾病患眼早期中心视野光敏感度的改变。方法 :对 2 3例 (2 3只眼 )经荧光素眼底血管造影及吲哚青绿脉络膜血管造影证实患有脉络膜新生血管性疾病的患者进行PDT治疗 ,其中湿性型老年黄斑变性 16例 (16只眼 ) ,中心性渗出性脉络膜视网膜病变 5例 (5只眼 ) ,高度近视 2例 (2只眼 )。在PDT治疗前及治疗后 3天、7天、1个月及 3个月 ,分别采用瑞士Interzeag公司Octopus10 1型全自动静态视野仪M2黄斑阈值测试程序和 32阈值测试程序 ,对各患眼中心 10°及 30°视野平均敏感度 (meansensitivity ,MS)及平均缺损 (meandefect,MD)进行测定并比较。结果 :PDT治疗后 3个月 ,2只眼 (8 70 % )视力提高≥ 2行 ,其余各眼视力无改变。与PDT治疗前比较 ,治疗后 3天、7天、1个月及 3个月黄斑区 10°MS、MD均无显著性改变 (P >0 0 5 ) ,但 7天、1个月及 3个月中心 30°视野MS较治疗前明显提高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,MD明显下降 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :PDT治疗CNV性疾病早期可有效改善黄斑区外的视网膜光敏感性     

Multifocal visual evoked potential recordings in compressive optic neuropathy secondary to pituitary adenoma

To investigate the effect of pituitary adenoma compressing the optic chiasm on multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) responses and to compare these responses with visual field defects seen on static automated perimetry (SAP). Eight eyes of four subjects (median age, 41.50 years; interquartile range, 33–51 years) who were diagnosed with pituitary adenoma on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and seen to have a bitemporal visual field defect on standard automated perimetry (SAP), and twelve age-matched normal subjects (median age, 47.00 years; interquartile range, 34.75–51.75 years) were subjected to multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) testing. The monocular latencies and monocular amplitudes of each sector of cases were compared with the responses of normative database. The topography of the mfVEP response was compared with corresponding field defect as seen in total deviation threshold on SAP to allow a comparison with conventional subjective perimetry. The mfVEP amplitudes were reduced in the areas with visual field defect on SAP. In 6 out of 8 eyes, locations with preserved amplitudes and no visual defects showed prolonged latency. A prolonged median latency of 9.17 ms (interquartile range, 3.44–17.69 ms) in cases was seen when compared to the median latency of 1.67 ms (interquartile range, 0.94–4.17 ms) in age-matched controls with P value of 0.054. Chiasmal compression due to pituitary adenoma causes the reduction of amplitudes and prolongation of latencies of the mfVEP response. The mfVEP can be used to assess objectively the topography of the visual field in compressive optic neuropathy secondary to pituitary adenomas. It can be used in assessing the subjects whose visual field report is unreliable and prolonged median latency can be an early sign of the disease.