胰岛素对糖尿病小鼠小肠功能的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of regular insulin (RI)on duodenal smooth muscle in diabetic mice. Methods Diabetes mellitus (DM) model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) in male BALB/c mice. The model mice were divided into DM group and DM treated with RI group with 6 each. Meanwhile, 6 normal mice were served as controls. The mice in treatment group were intraperitoneally injected with 40 U/kg of RI daily.Whereas the mice in DM and control groups were intraperitoneally injected with phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7. 40). After 6 weeks, the small intestinal transit rate of mice was determined by lavage of Indian ink. Interstitial cells of cajal (ICC) in duodenal myenteric plexus were counted using immunohistochemical staining. Slow waves of duodenal smooth muscle cells were recorded with intracellular recordings. Data were analysed by SPSS 17.0 software, and comparisons among three groups were done using LSD test. Results After intervention for 6 months, the clinical presentations,such as more water and food intake and polyuria, were improved in treatment group. The body weight was increased in treatment group [(23.33±3.13) g] compared with DM group [(15.42±1.40) g,P＜0.01] ,but dereased compared with control group [(26.78 ± 2.09) g, P＜0.05]. The level of blood glucose in DM group was significantly higher than that in control and treatment groups(P＜0.01). Small intestine transmission rate was significantly reduced in DM group than that in control and treatment groups (P＜0.01), but it was slower in treatment group than that in control group (P＜ 0. 01 ). Immunohistochemical study showed that the number of c-kit positive cells reduced obviously in DM group than that in control group and treatment group (P＜0.05), whereas it was lower in treatment group than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05). The slow wave frequency and amplitude of duodenal smooth muscle cells in DM group were reduced when compared with control and treatment groups (P＜0.01) and both were lower in treatment group than that in control group (P＜0. 01 ). Conclusion The findings indicate that DM mice have gastrointestinal dysmotility and exogenous insulin may improve small intestinal dysmotility in DM mice.     

胰岛素对糖尿病小鼠小肠功能的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of regular insulin (RI)on duodenal smooth muscle in diabetic mice. Methods Diabetes mellitus (DM) model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 150 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) in male BALB/c mice. The model mice were divided into DM group and DM treated with RI group with 6 each. Meanwhile, 6 normal mice were served as controls. The mice in treatment group were intraperitoneally injected with 40 U/kg of RI daily.Whereas the mice in DM and control groups were intraperitoneally injected with phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7. 40). After 6 weeks, the small intestinal transit rate of mice was determined by lavage of Indian ink. Interstitial cells of cajal (ICC) in duodenal myenteric plexus were counted using immunohistochemical staining. Slow waves of duodenal smooth muscle cells were recorded with intracellular recordings. Data were analysed by SPSS 17.0 software, and comparisons among three groups were done using LSD test. Results After intervention for 6 months, the clinical presentations,such as more water and food intake and polyuria, were improved in treatment group. The body weight was increased in treatment group [(23.33±3.13) g] compared with DM group [(15.42±1.40) g,P＜0.01] ,but dereased compared with control group [(26.78 ± 2.09) g, P＜0.05]. The level of blood glucose in DM group was significantly higher than that in control and treatment groups(P＜0.01). Small intestine transmission rate was significantly reduced in DM group than that in control and treatment groups (P＜0.01), but it was slower in treatment group than that in control group (P＜ 0. 01 ). Immunohistochemical study showed that the number of c-kit positive cells reduced obviously in DM group than that in control group and treatment group (P＜0.05), whereas it was lower in treatment group than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05). The slow wave frequency and amplitude of duodenal smooth muscle cells in DM group were reduced when compared with control and treatment groups (P＜0.01) and both were lower in treatment group than that in control group (P＜0. 01 ). Conclusion The findings indicate that DM mice have gastrointestinal dysmotility and exogenous insulin may improve small intestinal dysmotility in DM mice.     

Study on the therapeutic mechanisms of pseudolaric acid in mice with allergic contact dermatitis

Objective:To study the therapeutic mechanisms of pseudolaric acid on allergic contact dermatitis in mice.Methods:A total of 50 BALB/C mice were selected and randomly divided into control group,model group,and treatment A,B,C groups with 10 rats in each group.ACD model was established in model group,and treatment A,B,C groups but not in control group.Model group received no treatment,but treatment A,B,C groups were treated with external application of the concentration of 0.1%,0.2% and 0.4% of the pseudolaric acid for the lesions of ear skin.And the weight gain and the swelling degree of the mice' ear were recorded,weight of thymus and spleen were measured.Spleen suspension was prepared to test T lymphocyte and B lymphocyte levels of mice in five groups.Changes in serum IFN-ed through the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISAγ,IL-4 and IL-10 levels were test).Results:The weight gain of mice in model group were significant lower than those of mice in the control group and the treatment A,B,C groups(P0.05).Weight gain of mice in treatment A,B groups were significant lower than that of control group(P0.05),but the difference in weight gain between treatment C group and control group showed no significant difference(P0.05).The swelling degree and the weight of mice ears in model group were significant higher than those of mice in control group and treatment A,B,C groups(P0.05).Swelling degree and the weight of mice ears of treatment A,B,C groups were obviously higher than that of control group(P0.05).The swelling degree and weight of mice' ears in treatment A,B,C groups were decreased with the increase of the drug dosage,but comparison between A,B and C group showed statistically differences(P0.05).The thymus and spleen index of mice in model group were significant higher than those of the other four groups(P0.05),among the four groups,thymus and spleen index of treatment A and B group were higher than control group and treatment C group(P0.05).The stimulation index of T and B cells of mice in model group was significantly higher than the rest four groups(P0.05).The serum IFN-γ level of mice in control group and treatment A,B and C group was obviously lower than that of mice in model group(P0.05).The serum IFN-γ level of mice in treatment A,B and C group were decreased with the increasing of the drug dosage,and the level of C group was obviously lower than that of A and B group(P0.05).Conclusion:The pseudolaric acid has anti-inflammation and immune adjustment the effects showing a remarkable therapeutic effects for the ACD mice.     

Anti-tumor activity of tanshinone ⅡA in combined with cyclophosphamide against Lewis mice with lung cancer

Objective:To explore the anti-tumor activity of tanshinone ⅡA in combined with cyclophosphamide against Lewis mice with lung cancer and the effect on cellular immune function.Methods:Lewis tumor cells were inoculated suhcutaneously into the right armpit of mice in each group(n=20) to establish Lewis lung cancer mice model.After model establishment,mice in the model group were given normal saline by lavage,qd.Mice in treatment Ⅰ group were given intraperitoneal injection of TanIIA,15 mg/kg,qd.Mice in treatment Ⅱ group were given intraperitoneal injection of CTX,25 mg/kg,qd.Mice in treatment Ⅲ group were given intraperitoneal injections of TanIIA and CTX,in which the administration method of TanIIA was the same as in treatment Ⅰ group,continuously for 2 weeks,and the dosage of CTX was the same as in treatment Ⅱ group,24 h after model establishment,every other day.Mice were sacrificed 2 weeks after establishment.The tumor tissues were collected to calculate the anti-tumor rate.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of Bcl-2,Bax,VEGF,Angiostatin,and Endostatin.FCM was used to detect T lymphocyte subsets in spleen and liver of mice.Results:The tumor weight in treatment Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ groups was significantly lower than that in the model group(P0.05).The tumor weight in treatment Ⅲ group was significantly lower than that in treatment Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups(P0.05).The anti-tumor rate in treatment Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups was significantly higher than that in treatment Ⅰ group(P0.05).Bcl-2 expression in the tumor tissues of treatment Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲgroups was significantly lower than that in the model group(P0.05),while Bax expression was significantly higher than that in the model group(P0.05).Bcl-2 expression in the tumor tissues of treatment Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups was significantly higher than that in treatment Ⅲ group(P0.05),while Bax expression was significantly lower than that in treatment Ⅲ group(P0.05).CD4~+ and CD4~+/CD8~+ in treatment Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ groups were significantly higher than those in the model group(P0.05).CD4~+ in treatment Ⅲ group was significantly higher than that in treatment Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups(P0.05),while CD4~+/CD8~+ was significantly higher than that in treatment Ⅱ group(P0.05).The comparison of CD8~+ among each group was not statistically significant(P0.05).NK cell activity in treatment Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ groups was significantly higher than that in the model group(P0.05).NK cell activity in treatment Ⅲ group was significantly higher than that in treatment Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups(P0.05).Conclusions:TannA in combined with CTX can down regulate Bcl-2 expression in lung cancer tissues,up regulate Bax expression,inhibit the neovascularization of tumor tissues,and enhance the immunological function,with a significant anti-tumor activity.     

内镜外套管在辅助急诊内镜治疗食管胃静脉曲张出血中的作用研究

Objective To evaluate the wrapper tube in emergency endoscopy for gastro-esophageal variceal hemorrhage. Methods A total of 62 patients diagnosed as having gastro-esophageal variceal bleeding were enrolled as the treatment group to accept wrapper tube assisted emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy. The therapeutic effect was compared with another group of 62 patients who also had gastro-esophageal variceal hemorrhage while treated by conventional emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy (control group). Results The rate of hemostasis with wrapper tube was 100%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (80. 65%, P ＜0. 05). The rate of gastro-esophageal varices remission after sclerotherapy in treatment group was 59.32%, which was also significantly higher than that of the control group (7. 25%, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The rates of chest pain, esophageal ulcer, length of hospitalization, and total medical cost in treatment group were significantly lower than those of control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Wrapper tube in emergency endoscopy for gastro-esophageal varices bleeding can improve therapeutic effect and relieve patients' economic burden.     

内镜外套管在辅助急诊内镜治疗食管胃静脉曲张出血中的作用研究

Objective To evaluate the wrapper tube in emergency endoscopy for gastro-esophageal variceal hemorrhage. Methods A total of 62 patients diagnosed as having gastro-esophageal variceal bleeding were enrolled as the treatment group to accept wrapper tube assisted emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy. The therapeutic effect was compared with another group of 62 patients who also had gastro-esophageal variceal hemorrhage while treated by conventional emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy (control group). Results The rate of hemostasis with wrapper tube was 100%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (80. 65%, P ＜0. 05). The rate of gastro-esophageal varices remission after sclerotherapy in treatment group was 59.32%, which was also significantly higher than that of the control group (7. 25%, P ＜ 0. 05 ). The rates of chest pain, esophageal ulcer, length of hospitalization, and total medical cost in treatment group were significantly lower than those of control group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Wrapper tube in emergency endoscopy for gastro-esophageal varices bleeding can improve therapeutic effect and relieve patients' economic burden.     

Depletion of telomerase RNA inhibits growth of gastrointestinal tumors transplanted in mice

AIM: To explore effects of telomerase RNA-targeting phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (PS-ASODN) on growth of human gastrointestinal stromal tumors transplanted in mice. METHODS: A SCID mouse model for transplantation of human gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) was established using tumor cells from a patient who was diagnosed with GIST and consequently had been treated with imatinib. GIST cells cultured for 10 passages were used for inoculation into mice. Transfection of PS-ASODN was carried out with Lipotap Liposomal Transfection Reagent. GISTs that subsequently developed in SCID mice were subjected to intratumoral injection once daily from day 7 to day 28 postinoculation, and mice were divided into the following four groups according to treatment: PS-ASODN group (5.00 μmoL/L of oligonucleotide, each mouse received 0.2 mL once daily); imatinib group (0.1 mg/g body weight); liposome negative control group (0.01 mL/g); and saline group (0.01 mL/g). On day 28, the mice were sacrificed, and tumor attributes including weight and longest and shortest diameters were measured. Tumor growth was compared between treatment groups, and telomerase activity was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect expression of the mRNA encoding the apoptosis inhibition B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (bcl-2 ) gene. RESULTS: In the PS-ASODN group, tumor growth was inhibited by 59.437%, which was markedly higher than in the imatinib group (11.071%) and liposome negative control group (2.759%) [tumor inhibition=(mean tumor weight of control group - mean tumor weight of treatment group)/(mean tumor weight of control group) × 100%]. Telomerase activity was significantly lower (P < 0.01) in the PS-ASODN group (0.689 ± 0.158) compared with the imatinib group (1.838 ± 0.241), liposome negative control group (2.013 ± 0.273), and saline group (2.004 ± 0.163). Flow cytometry revealed that the apoptosis rate of tumor cells     

Protective effect of antioxidant on renal damage caused by Doxorubicin chemotherapy in mice with hepatic cancer

Objective:To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of antioxidant TBHQ on renal damage caused by doxorubicin chemotherapy in mice with hepatic cancer.Methods:Cell H22 of mice with hepatic cancer which was subcultured for three times was subcutaneously transplanted to the groin of right lower limb of 45 SPF Kunming mice to establish the transplanted tumor model.The doxorubicin chemotherapy group and antioxidant intervention group received intraperitoneal injection of ADM(1 mg/kg·0.2 mL/2d).The model control group received normal saline(NS) of the same volume at the same time.1%TBHQ was added into the diet of mice of the antioxidant intervention group.Seven weeks later,morning urines and peripheral blood were randomly collected to detect UAIb,UCr,BUN,Scr and UAlb/Cr levels.All mice were beheaded.The renal tissues were made into homogenate,and SOD,T-AOC and MDA content in tissues were detected followed by cell lysis.All data were processed using SPSS 19.0.Results:The UAlb/Cr,BUN.Scr and MDA of doxorubicin chemotherapy group were significantly higher those of model control group and the activities of SOD,T-AOC in doxorubicin chemotherapy group were lower than those of model control group(P0.01).The UAlb/Cr,BUN,Scr and MDA of antioxidant intervention group were lower than those of doxorubicin chemotherapy group and the activities of SOD,T-AOC of antioxidant intervention group were higher than those of doxorubicin chemotherapy group doxorubicin chemotherapy group(P0.05).The BUN of model control group was higher than that of blank group,and T-AOC was lower than that of blank group,and difference was statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusions:Doxorubicin chemotherapy could lead to abnormal antioxidant capacity and renal function of tumor-bearing mice with hepatic cancer.TBHQ antioxidant intervention could effectively improve the antioxidant capacity of renal tissue and reduce the renal damage caused by doxorubicin to some extent.     

脂质体携载前列腺素E1对冠心病合并糖尿病患者发生造影剂肾病的预防作用

目的 探讨脂质体携载前列腺素E1(PGE1)对冠心病合并糖尿病的患者发生造影剂肾病的预防作用.方法 选取行冠脉造影或介入治疗的合并糖尿病的冠心病患者198例,随机分为对照组和PGE1组.PGE1组在常规治疗的基础上予PGE1 20μg+生理盐水20ml静脉注射,1次/d,共10 d,比较两组造影前、造影后48 h、5d血肌酐(Scr)、尿素(BUN)、胱抑素C(CysC)水平及造影剂肾病发生率等.结果 造影后48 h、5dScr、BUN、Cys C等在PGE1组分别为(113.92±54.89)μmmol/L、(7.85±4.05)mmol/L、(1.38±0.34)mg/L和(86.72±35.26)μmmol/L、(6.61±3.09 )mmol/L、(1.29±0.29)mg/L优于对照组(129.22±50.18)μmmol/L、(9.26±3.95) mmol/L、(1.56±0.23)mg/L和(109.83±31.76)μmmol/L、(8.07±3.11)mmol/L、(1.37±0.21)mg/L,差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).经直线相关分析,造影剂剂量与BUN、Scr呈显著正相关(r=0.74,P＜0.05; r=0.82,P＜0.01).结论 PGE1对冠心病合并糖尿病的患者发生造影剂肾病有预防作用.     

糖基化终末产物和磷酸化肌球蛋白轻链在糖尿病结肠动力障碍中的作用

背景:结肠动力障碍是糖尿病(DM)的常见并发症。糖基化终末产物(AGEs)在DM患者体内显著升高,然而其在DM结肠动力障碍中的作用尚未完全明确。目的:探讨AGEs和磷酸化肌球蛋白轻链(p-MLC)在DM结肠动力障碍中的作用。方法:将Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为DM组和正常对照组,以链脲菌素腹腔注射建立DM模型,8周后处死所有大鼠,取远端结肠组织。检测离体结肠肌条肌张力;以免疫组化染色检测结肠组织p-MLC表达;以蛋白质印迹法检测结肠组织p-MLC、总肌球蛋白轻链(t-MLC)表达。分离培养结肠平滑肌细胞(SMCs),以不同浓度、不同作用时间AGEs作用于SMCs,以蛋白质印迹法检测SMCs的p-MLC、t-MLC表达。结果:与正常对照组相比,DM组大鼠结肠平滑肌张力显著减弱[(0.89±0.09)g对(1.98±0.12)g,P0.05],DM组大鼠结肠组织pMLC/t-MLC/β-actin水平显著降低(0.98±0.10对1.61±0.12,P0.05)。SMCs经不同浓度、不同作用时间AGEs干预后,p-MLC/t-MLC/β-actin水平显著降低。结论:DM结肠动力障碍可能由AGEs抑制SMCs中MLC磷酸化所致。     

异丙酚预处理对急性肺损伤脑组织Gq/11蛋白表达的干预作用

目的 观察异丙酚预处理后Gq/11蛋白在急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)大鼠脑组织中的动态变化,探讨异丙酚是否通过影响Gq/11蛋白的表达对脑组织起保护作用.方法 用尾静脉注射油酸法复制ALI大鼠模型,将24只健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、ALI组和异丙酚预处理组.检测各组大鼠血气(pH值、PaO2、PaCO2)、平均动脉血压(MABP)以及血浆和脑组织乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、丙二醛(MDA).Western blot检测各组大鼠脑组织中的Gq/11蛋白含量.结果 异丙酚预处理组Gq/11蛋白含量为(133.89±21.59)%,较对照组增加(33.89±21.59)%(P＜0.01),但低于ALI组[(165.84±30.27)%,P＜0.05].异丙酚预处理组及ALI组PaO2较对照组明显降低(P值均＜0.01),但异丙酚预处理组高于ALI组(P＜0.01).异丙酚预处理组及ALI组MABP均较对照组降低(P值均＜0.01),异丙酚预处理组低于ALI组(P＜0.01).异丙酚预处理组脑组织LDH和CK活性分别为(1.51±0.58)U/mg、(35.83±7.09)U/mg,MDA含量为(4.70±1.59)U/mg,均低于ALI组[分别为(2.38±0.72)U/mg(P＜0.01),(44.31±8.15)U/mg(P＜0.01),(6.78±1.38)U/mg(P＜0.05)].血浆LDH和CK活性、MDA含量呈现与之相似的变化趋势.结论 异丙酚预处理能减轻ALI时脑的损伤程度,其保护作用可能与下调Gq/11蛋白有关.     

氟致体外培养人脐静脉血管内皮细胞损伤的实验观察

目的 观察不同剂量的氟对体外培养人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(HUVEC)的影响.方法 在HUVEC培养液中加入不同剂量的氟化钠(NaF),分别为0(对照)100、400、700、1000、2000 μmol/L,每组设6个复孔,连续培养48 h,收集细胞培养液与细胞.瑞氏-吉姆萨染色观察细胞形态,吖啶橙荧光染色测定细胞凋亡,四唑氮蓝(MT T)比色法检测细胞活性;分光光度法检测细胞培养液中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、丙二醛(MDA)水平及诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)活性;RT-PCR法检测细胞iNOS mRNA和eNOS mRNA表达水平;双抗体夹心ELISA法检测细胞培养液中细胞黏附因子(ICAM-1)、血管黏附因子(VCAM-1)水平.结果 随染氟剂量增加,HUVEC细胞数量减少,结构改变;400～2000μmol/L NaF组SOD活性[(6.627±0.213)、(6.668±0.152)、(5.935±0.122)、(4.755±0.182)kU/L]较对照组[(7.457±0.398)kU/L]降低(P＜0.05或＜0.01),GSH-Px活性[(481.284±43.785)、(492.223±16.474)、(382.762±25.167)、(293.687±24.881)kU/L]较对照组[(585.078±47.323)kU/L]降低(P＜0.05或＜0.01),MDA水平[(0.609±0.011)、(0.646±0.016)、(0.852±0.013)、(1.188±0.045)nmol/L]较对照组[(0.512±0.027)nmol/L]升高(P＜0.05或＜0.01);iNOS活性[(3.604±0.115)、(3.615±0.075)、(3.848±0.103)、(4.275±0.079)kU/L]较对照组[(2.798±0.136)kU/L]增强(P均＜0.01),iNOS mRNA表达增强,eNOS活性[(5.539±0.079)、(5.503±0.064)、(5.226±0.142)、(4.809±0.107)kU/L]较对照组[(5.996±0.155)kU/L]减弱(P＜0.05或＜0.01),eNOSmRNA表达减弱;ICAM-1水平[(0.852±0.102)、(0.886±0.061)、(0.961±0.158)、(1.418±0.167)μg/L]较对照组[(0.687±0.046)μg/L]升高(P＜0.05或＜0.01),VCAM-1水平[(2.719±0.197)、(2.946±0.167)、(3.173±0.225)、(3.613±0.153)μg/L]较对照组[(2.375±0.067)μg/L]升高(P均＜0.01).结论 高剂量氟降低抗氧化酶活性,使一氧化氮代谢紊乱,细胞因子异常表达,以此抑制血管内皮细胞生长、结构改变并致细胞凋亡,为高氟致血管内皮损伤的重要因素.

Abstract：

Objective To study the effect of different concentrations of fluoride on cultured human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells(HUVEC). Methods Different doses of sodium fluoride (NaF) were added to HUVEC culture medium, fluoride concentrations were 0(control), 100,400,700,1000,2000 μmol/L, respectively,6 re-set hole in each group. After continuous culture for 48 h, cells and culture medium were collected. Cell morphology was studied by Wright-Giemsa staining; cells apoptosis was determined by acridine orange fluorescence staining; cell activity was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay; superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity, malonaldehyde(MDA) content, induced nitricoxide synthase(iNOS), and endothelia nitricoxide synthase(eNOS) activity in cell culture medium were determined by spectrophotometry; cell iNOS mRNA and eNOS mRNA expression were detected by RT-PCR; intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) levels were detected by double antibody sandwich ELISA method.Results With increased dose of fluoride, HUVEC cells decreased, the structure changed. In 400 - 2000 μmol/L group, the SOD activity[(6.627 ± 0.213), (6.668 ± 0.152), (5.935 ± 0.122), (4.755 ± 0.182)kU/L] was lower than those of the control group[(7.457 ± 0.398)kU/L, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01], GSH-Px activity[(481.284 ± 43.785),(492.223 ± 16.474), (382.762 ± 25.167), (293.687 ± 24.881 )kU/L] was also lower than those of the control group [(585.078 ± 47.323)kU/L, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01], MDA level[(0.609 ± 0.011 ), (0.646 ± 0.016), (0.852 ± 0.013),(1.188 ± 0.045)nmol/L] was higher than those of the control group[(0.512 ± 0.027)nmol/L, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01];iNOS activity[(3.604 ± 0.115), (3.615 ± 0.075), (3.848 ± 0.103), (4.275 ± 0.079)kU/L] also was higher than those of the control group[(2.798 ± 0. 136)kU/L, all P ＜ 0.01], iNOS mRNA expression increased, eNOS activity [(5.539 ± 0.079), (5.503 ± 0.064), (5.226 ± 0.142), (4.809 ± 0. 107)kU/L] decreased compared to those of control group[(5.996 ± 0.155)kU/L, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01], eNOS mRNA expression decreased; ICAM-1 levels [(0.852 ± 0. 102), (0.886 ± 0.061 ), (0.961 ± 0.158), (1.418 ± 0. 167)μg/L] increased compared to those of the control group[(0.687 ± 0.046)μg/L, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01], VCAM-1 levels[(2.719 ± 0.197), (2.946 ± 0.167),(3.173 ± 0.225 ), (3.613 ± 0. 153 ) μg/L] was higher than those of the control group [(2.375 ± 0.067 ) μg/L, all P ＜0.01]. Conclusions High concentrations of fluoride reduce the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which leads to metabolic disorders of nitric oxide and abnormal cytokines expression, thereby inhibiting vascular endothelial cell growth, structural change and induced apoptosis. This is an important factor in high fluoride-induced vascular endothelial injury.     

短期铁缺乏对大鼠甲状腺功能的影响

目的 研究短期铁缺乏对大鼠甲状腺功能的影响,并探讨其机制,为碘缺乏病的防治工作提供新的线索和思路.方法 选择健康SPF/VAF级初断乳SD雄性大鼠22只,按体质量随机分为对照组(饲料含铁量为65 mg/kg)和铁缺乏组(饲料含铁量为15 mg/kg),每组11只.喂养4周后,测定大鼠体质量和甲状腺质量,并计算甲状腺相对质量.取大鼠全血并分离血清,采用生化法检测血红蛋白、血清铁水平和总铁结合力;化学发光法检测血清游离三碘甲腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)和促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平.甲状腺常规固定包埋切片后,免疫组化染色观察甲状腺过氧化物酶(TPO)蛋白表达情况.结果 铁缺乏组大鼠体质量[(214.3±18.1)g]比对照组[(243.8±16.4)g]减轻(t=4.002,P＜0.01),甲状腺绝对质量[(11.9±1.6)mg]比对照组[(13.4±1.3)mg]降低(t=2.369,P＜0.01),但甲状腺相对质量[(0.055±0.004)g/kg]与对照组[(0.055±0.006)g/kg]比较未见明显变化(t=0.162,P＞0.05).铁缺乏组大鼠血红蛋白水平[(100.4±8.9)g/L]和血清铁水平[(7.0±0.8)μmol/L]比对照组[(146.5±16.3)g/L、(26.1±5.1)μmol/L]降低(t值分别为8.233、12.277,P均＜0.01),总铁结合力[(124.8±6.3)μmol/L]比对照组[(74.0±4.6)μmol/L]升高(t=21.531,P＜0.01).铁缺乏组大鼠血清FT3、FT4和FT3/FT4[(4.71±0.53)、(29.69±2.63)pmol/L、0.16±0.02]均较对照组[(5.69±0.61)、(31.98±2.49)pmol/L、0.18±0.01]降低(t值分别为4.044、2.096、3.255,P＜0.01或＜0.05).铁缺乏组大鼠TPO蛋白表达强度较对照组减弱.结论 铁缺乏可导致甲状腺功能低下,可能与铁缺乏状态下TPO活性降低有关,碘铁联合补充可能会改善铁缺乏地区碘缺乏病防治的效果.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effect of short-term iron deficiency on thyroid function of rat and its mechanism, and to provide new clues and ideas for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods Twenty-two healthy SPF/VAF level weaning male SD rats were randomly divided into control group(iron content in diet was 65 mg/kg) and iron deficiency group(iron content in diet was 15 mg/kg) by body weight, and 11 in each group respectively. After 4 weeks feeding, body weight and thyroid glands weight were measured, and the relative weight of thyroid gland was calculated. Rat whole blood was collected and serum was separated. Hemoglobin, serum iron levels and total iron binding capacity were tested using biochemical assay;serum free iodine thyroid three original acid (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were detected by chemiluminescence;after thyroid were fixed in formalin, embedded with paraffin and sectioned regularly, and immunohistochemical stained, the protein expression of thyroid peroxidase(TPO) was observed. Results Compared with control group [(243.8 ± 16.4)g], iron deficiency group of animals had less body weight[(214.3 ± 18.1 )g, t = 4.002, P ＜ 0.01];there was a lower absolute thyroid weight in iron deficiency group[(11.9 ± 1.6)mg]than in control group[(13.4 ±1.3)mg, t = 2.369, P ＜ 0.01], but no significant changes of the relative weight of thyroid gland between the two groups[(0.055 ± 0.004),(0.055 ± 0.006)g/kg, t = 0.162, P ＞ 0.05]. Hemoglobin and serum iron in iron deficiency group were ( 100.4 ± 8.9)g/L and (7.0 ± 0.8)μmol/L, which were less than that in control group[( 146.5 ±16.3)g/L, (26.1 ± 5.1 )μmol/L, t = 8.233,12.277, all P ＜ 0.01]. Total iron binding capacity in control group was (74.0 ± 4.6)μ mol/L and that in iron deficiency group[(124.8 ± 6.3)μmol/L], and the difference was significant (t = 21.531, P＜ 0.01). At the same time, their serum hormones FT3, FT4 and FT3/FT4[(4.71 ± 0.53), (29.69 ±2.63)pmol/L, 0.16 ± 0.02]were lower than that in control group[(5.69 ± 0.61),(31.98 ± 2.49)pmol/L, 0.18 ±0.01, t = 4.044,2.096,3.255, P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05]. The expression of TPO protein decreased in iron deficiency group than in control group. Conclusions Iron deficiency reduces thyroid function, which perhaps is due to the reduction of TPO activity. Combined supplementation of iodine and iron will possibly improve the prevention effect on iodine deficiency disorder in iron deficiency areas.     

血清脂联素和抵抗素与2型糖尿病及其大血管病变相关

测定2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素和抵抗素水平,发现2型糖尿病组血清脂联素浓度(2.51±1.42)mg/L低于正常对照组(5.26±0.78)mg/L,2型糖尿病大血管病变组为(1.38±0.77)mg/L又低于非大血管病变组(3.66±0.91)mg/L,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).2型糖尿病组血清抵抗素浓度(7.07±1.11)μg/L高于正常对照组(6.09±0.47)μg/L,2型糖尿病大血管病变组为(7.96±0.65)μg/L又高于非大血管病变组(6.10±0.43)μg/L,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).     

重症急性胰腺炎胃肠功能障碍的中西医结合治疗

目的 观察大黄灌胃、芒硝敷脐及静脉滴注复方丹参注射液对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)并发胃肠功能障碍的治疗价值.方法 将41例SAP患者按完全随机法分为常规组(20例)和中西医结合治疗(中西医)组(21例),中西医组在常规治疗的基础上给予大黄灌胃、芒硝敷脐及静脉滴注复方丹参注射液,观察两组患者胃肠功能恢复情况、并发症发生率及住院天数.结果 中西医组患者腹胀缓解时间、首次排便时间及平均住院天数分别为(3.1±0.8)d、(3.1±0.8)d、(21.5±2.8)d,较常规组的(5.2±1.4)d、(4.7±1.3)d、(32.1±3.6)d均明显缩短(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).中西医组发生并发症5例,较常规组的8例显著减少(P＜0.01).中西医组病死1例,转手术1例,常规组病死1例,两组比较无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论在常规治疗基础上联合大黄灌胃、芒硝敷脐及静脉滴注复方丹参注射液能有效促进SAP患者胃肠功能恢复,值得临床推广应用.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植对MRL/Ipr鼠B细胞活化因子及B细胞活化的影响

目的 探讨正常鼠骨髓问充质干细胞(BM-MSCs)移植对MRL/Ipr狼疮鼠B细胞活化因子(BAFF)表达及B细胞活化的影响.方法 18只雌性MRL/Ipr鼠随机分为MSCs治疗组和对照组,18周龄时治疗组经尾静脉移植MSCs 1×10~6/只;5只同周龄雌性BAL B/C小鼠作为健康阴性对照.酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清BAFF、干扰素(IFN)-γ、白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-10水平,流式细胞术检测脾脏中边缘区、T1期、T2期B细胞百分率及细胞数.结果 ①MSCs治疗8周后,治疗组血清BAFF水平[(32±14)ng/ml]显著低于对照组[(47±13)ng/ml](P＜0.05);血清IL-10[(19±7)pg/ml]显著低于对照组[(40±13)pg/ml](P＜0.01);血清IFN-γ、IL-2低于对照组[(26±20)pg/ml与(38±25)pg/ml、(73±10)pg/ml与(80±14)pg/ml],但差异无统计学意义.②MSCs治疗8周后,可降低治疗组脾脏边缘区B细胞百分率(15±4)%,对照组为(21±5)%,但差异无统计学意义,并能显著降低边缘区B细胞数[(9±6)×10~6与(19±10)×10~6,P＜0.05].③MSCs治疗8周后,可降低治疗组脾脏T1期、T2期B细胞百分率[(3.4±2.1)%与(7.3±4.0)%]、[(2.6±1.4)%与(4.8±2.7)%],但差异无统计学意义,并能显著降低T1期B细胞绝对数[(2.7±1.7)×10~6与(5.1±2.0)×10~6,P＜0.05]、T2期B细胞绝对数[(2.0±1.2)×10~6与(3.7±1.7)×10~6,P＜0.05].结论 BM-MSCs移植可能通过抑制体内BAFF的过量表达,进而抑制狼疮鼠B细胞的过度活化.     

糖调节受损和2型糖尿病患者血浆nesfatin-1水平的变化

采用酶联免疫法测定了初诊2型糖尿病患者、糖调节受损(IGR)患者、正常糖耐量(NGT)者血浆nesfatin-1水平.结果显示,2型糖尿病和IGR组血浆nesfatin-1水平明显高于NGT组[(1.91±0.79和1.80±0.80对1.41±0.58)μg/L,P＜0.01].血浆nesfatin-1水平与体重指数(BMI)、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、HbA1C、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)呈明显正相关(P＜0.05或P＜O.01).多元回归分析结果表明HOMA-IR和BMI分别是影响血浆nesfatin-1水平的独立相关因素(均P＜0.01).提示血浆nesfatin-1可能参与了胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病的发生和发展.     

多发性肌炎/皮肌炎合并间质性肺疾病的相关因素及预后不良因素分析

目的 探讨多发性肌炎/皮肌炎(PM/DM)患者发生间质性肺疾病(ILD)的相关因素及影响预后的不良因素.方法 以上海第二军医大学长海医院1997年1月至2006年11月收住的PM/DM患者87例为研究对象,分为ILD组40例(男13例,女27例),平均年龄(54±13)岁;非ILD组47例(男25例,女22例),平均年龄(45±18)岁.对ILD的发生率、临床特征和预后进行分析.正态分布的计量资料采用t检验,偏态分布的计量资料采用秩和检验,计数资料两组率的比较采用x2检验,PM/DM伴发ILD的预测因素和预后不良因素采用logistic回归分析和Kaplan-Meier生存曲线.结果 PM/DM中ILD的发生率为46％(40/87),病死率为40％(16/40).ILD组的平均年龄[(54±13)岁]明显大于非ILD组[(45±18)岁];ILD组出现发热(21/40)、吞咽困难(16/40)、关节痛(26/40)、Gottron皮疹(14/40)和心脏损害(26/40)的百分率明显高于非ILD组(分别为7/47、8/47、9/47、2/47和14/47);ILD组的血清乳酸脱氢酶[(472±285)IU]和ESR[(44 ±24)mm/1 h]明显高于非ILD)组[(310±238)IU和(26±24)mm/1 h];ILD组的IgG[(18±9)g/L]明显高于非ILD组[(14±5)g/L].经多因素非条件logistic回归分析,筛选出4个与ILD相关的预测因子:Gottron皮疹、关节痛、发热和年龄≥40岁,其相对危险度分别为12.048、7.812、6.329和5.236;生存分析结果显示,Gottron皮疹、心脏损害和肺间质病变是影响ILD预后的不良因素.结论 PM/DM患者年龄≥40岁,出现Gottron皮疹、关节痛和发热与ILD的发生密切相关,Gottron皮疹、心脏损害和肺间质病变是影响ILD预后的不良因素.