Depressant effect and mechanism of atorvastatin on the chronic rejection of aortic allograft in rats

Objective To investigate the depressant effect and mechanism of atorvastatin on the chronic rejection of aortic allograft in rats. Methods： The models of abdominal aorta transplantation were made with micro-surgery in rats. The recipients were divided into three groups： allograft control group, atorvastatin-treated group and isograft control group. Vascular intimal thickness in all of the groups were observed by histological examination. The expression of PCNA and α-SMA were determined by immunohistochemistry. The content of nitric oxide was determined by nitrate reductase chromatometry. Results： The vascular intimal thickness in rats of atorvastatin-treated group （11.60% ± 2.40% ） were lower than those in allograft control group （34.60 % ± 6.40 % ; P 〈 0.05） and higher than those in isograft control group （1.15 % ± 0.65 %; P〈 0.05 ）. The expression level of PCNA was decreased in atorvastatin-treated group （4.80% ± 0.80% ） than allograft control group （18.40% ± 1.80% ; P〈0.05） and higher than isograft group （1.20% ± 0.40% ; P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The expression of PCNA in the transplant aorta could be suppressed by atorvastatin, which resalted in relief of chronic rejection of aortic allograft.     

Electronmicroscopic observation on chronic cardiopathy in spontaneous diabetic biobreeding rats.

The ultrastructural changes of chronic cardiopathy in diabetic biobreeding rats were observed electronmicroscopically. The thickness of the myocardial capillary basement membrane (CBM) and volume fraction of myofilaments in the myocardium were quantitatively measured with a video interactive display system III (VIDS-III). The effect of metabolic control on chronic diabetic cardiopathy was also investigated.

     

Protective effect of naomaikang on cerebral ischemia in rats

A model of incomplete cerebral ischemia caused by bilateral ligation of the commoncarotid arteries in rats was used to examine the effect of naomaikang on the relief of cellulardamage following cerbral ischemia.Cellular damage and the formation of peroxidation productswere reduced in rats pretreated with naomaikang.It has been suggested that the free radical re-action involved with tissue damage,particularly with the injury of neurons in cerebral ischemia.The results showed that the degree of lipid peroxidation can be lowered by the pretreatmentwith naomaikang in the model of incomplete cerebral ischemia,and suggested that this drug isbeneficial to the recovery of cerebral ischemia in humans.     

Analgesic effect of intrathecal fluorocitrate on neuropathic pain in rats

Objective To investigate the analgesiac effect of intrathecal （IT） fluorocitrate （FC） （ a selective astrocyte metabolic inhibitor） on neuropathic pain induced by chronic constrictive injury （CCI） to sciatic nerve. Methods Thirty- two adult male SD rats weighing 220-280 g were randomly divided into 4 groups （ n = 8each） ： group A sham operation＋ （IT） vehicle; group B sham operation ＋ （IT） FC;group C CCI＋ （IT） vehicle and group D CCI＋ （IT） FC.     

Effects of ginkgolide B on isobaric hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in rats.

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＧＩＮＫＧＯＬＩＤＥＢＯＮＩＳＯＢＡＲＩＣＨＹＰＯＸＩＣＰＵＬＭＯＮＡＲＹＨＹＰＥＲＴＥＮＳＩＯＮＩＮＲＡＴＳＣｈｅｎｇＤｅｙｕｎ程德云，ａｎｄＣｈｅｎＷｅｎｂｉｎ陈文彬Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ．Ｔｏｅｖａｌｕａｔｅｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏ...     

Immunomodulatory effect of oxymatrine on induced CCl_4-hepatic fibrosis in rats

LiverfibrosisisaseriousbutreversibleconsequenceofliverinjuriesThetreatmentshouldincludeclearanceofpathogeny,antifibrosisandheteropathyAsapotentingredientextractedfromtraditionalChinesemedicialherbsSophoraflavecientisandSsubprostratae,oxymatrinecontainsavarietyofalkaloidsStudieshaveshownthatoxymatrinecouldrelievetheinflammatoryactivityinlivertissueandhastheeffectofantifibrosisaswell,whereasthetherapeuticmechanismisnotclearyetThepresentstudywasdesignedtoinvestigatetheimmunologicalmechanismofox…     

Experimental studies on central benzodiazepine receptors in the brains of hepatic encephalopathy rats.

With radioligand binding assay, we studied the central benzodiazepine receptors (CBR) in the different regions of brain including the telencephalon, diencephalon, brain stem and cerebellum in a rat model of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) induced by partial hepatectomy following carbon tetrachloride (CC1(4)) intoxication and in the controls. Affinities (Kd) and densities (Bmax) of [3H]-flunitrazepine binding to crude synaptic membranes in the telencephalon of HE rats were obviously increased as compared with those of the controls. It was only in the diencephalon, the brain stem and the cerebellum of HE rats that increased Bmax values were observed, while the Kd values remained unchanged. The results support the recent suggestion that the alterations of CBR play a significant role in the pathogenesis of HE. Among the ranges of the alterations of CBR in the HE rats, the telencephalon ranked first, the brain stem second, the cerebellum third, and the diencephalon last.

     

Study on development and localization of CTGF-immunoreactive cells in central nervous system of rats

Connectivetissuegrowthfactor(CTGF)isa38000cysteine-richsecretedpeptideidentifiedbyBradhamin1991whentheaffinitychromatographywasusedtopurifyplateletderivedgrowthfactor(PDGF)fromtheconditionedmediumofhumanum-bilicalveinendothelialcells(HUVEC)[1].Itbelongstoanewimmediatelyearlygenefamily-CCNfamily.ThedistributionofCTGFgeneexpressionintissuesectionsfrompatientswithsystemicsclerosis(SSc)wasinvestigatedwithｉｎｓｉｔｕhybridization.StrongCTGFmRNAsignalswereobservedinthefibroblastsinscler…     

Longitudinal effect of captopril on aortic and arteriolar development in normotensive rats.

To explore the effect of chronic converting enzyme inhibition on the macro- and microcirculation, normotensive rats were chronically given 100 mg/kg/day of captopril in their drinking water beginning one day before uninephrectomy. Cremaster arteriolar dimensions were measured 2, 4, or 8 weeks later by intravital microscopy, before and after topical application of 10(-3) M adenosine. Mean blood pressure were significantly decreased at 4 (17%) and 8 (18%) weeks in treated rats vs age-matched control. Structural diameter reductions occurred in large arterioles starting 4 weeks in treated rats, and in small arterioles at 8 weeks. The cross-sectional wall area of large arterioles increased with age in control animal, but not in captopril treated one. Eight weeks of captopril treatment also decreased the cross-sectional wall area in small arterioles. Measured by stereological techniques, small arteriolar density decreased 17% at 4 weeks and 13% at 8 weeks in treated rats. Using histological techniques, a marked reduction of medial-intimal area of the abdominal aorta was found in treated rats at 4 (24%) and 8 (15%) weeks without a significant change in internal diameter.

     

Protective effect of Jinlida granules on islet β cells in diabetes mellitus rats

目的 探讨津力达颗粒对糖尿病大鼠胰岛B细胞的保护作用.方法 采用高脂饮食,链脲佐菌素腹腔一次性注射诱发SD大鼠糖尿病模型,随机分为模型组、津力达药物(0.75、1.5、3.0 g/kg)组、α-硫辛酸组、胰岛素组、二甲双胍组.根据分组分别给予不同的药物,胰岛素组采用皮下注射,其余药物均灌胃给药.给药2个月后测定体质量,空腹血糖(FBG)、胰岛素(FINS)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)活性,白介素(IL)-1β、TNF-α和丙二醛(MDA)含量,并取胰尾组织行胰岛素免疫组化染色观察.结果 与模型组相比,其他各组FBG、HbA1c等均降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);津力达高剂量(3.0 g/kg)组SOD、GSH活性升高(P＜0.01),IL-1β、TNF-α、MDA含量降低(P＜0.01),胰岛素免疫阳性染色的面积增加.结论 津力达颗粒对受损的糖尿病大鼠胰岛B细胞具有保护作用.     

Studies on the mechanism of insulin resistance of adipose tissue after scalding in rats

Ｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｎｔｈｅｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｏｆｉｎｓｕｌｉｎｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｏｆａｄｉｐｏｓｅｔｉｓｓｕｅａｆｔｅｒｓｃａｌｄｉｎｇｉｎｒａｔｓ￥ＸｕＬｉｎｓｈｕｉ（许霖水），ＷｕＸｉｇｕｉ（吴喜贵）．（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｂｉｏｃｈｅｍｉｓ...     

Effects of bisoprolol and cilazapril on the central retinal artery blood flow in patients with essential hypertension—preliminary results

Background

A growing body of evidence suggests that effective blood pressure reduction may inhibit the progression of microvascular damage in patients with essential arterial hypertension. However, the potential influence of anti-hypertensive drugs on ocular circulation has not been studied sufficiently.

Purpose

The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of anti-hypertensive therapy on blood flow in the central retinal artery in patients with systemic arterial hypertension.

Material and methods

Twenty patients with essential arterial hypertension, aged 32–46 years, were examined with Doppler ultrasonography (10 MHz ultrasound probe). Blood flow velocities, pulsatility, and vascular resistance were determined before and 3 hours after systemic application of either bisoprolol 5 mg or cilazapril 2.5 mg.

Results

Administered bisoprolol significantly decreased maximum (9.8 ± 0.5 cm/s versus 8.5 ± 0.6 cm/s; P < 0.05) and minimum (2.75 ± 0.19 cm/s versus 1.75 ± 0.27 cm/s; P < 0.02) velocity, increased the Pourcellot''s index (0.71 to 0.79; P < 0.05) in central retinal artery. There were no statistically significant changes in central retinal artery blood flow after administration of cilazapril.

Conclusion

Systemic application of beta-blockers may unfavourably disturb the ocular blood flow.     

Mechanism of palliative effect of pethidine on tracheal hot air inhalation injury in rats

The increases of tracheal vascular permeability and malondialdehyde(MDA) content 1,2 and 3 h after introduction of hot air into the rat tracheaswere markedly inhibited by pethidine.The decreases of tracheal superoxidedismutase (SOD) activity 2 and 3h after hot air injury were elevated bypethidine.However,the inhibitory effect of pethidine on tracheal vascularpermeability was not antagonized by naloxone.This implies that opiate receptorsensitive to naloxone is not involved in the inhibitory effect of pethidine ontracheal vascular permeability.Pethidine could decrease MDA content and in-crease SOD activity.These antioxidative effects are beneficial to decreasingvascular permeability.     

Inhibitory effect and mechanism of chuanxiongzine on multiplication of VSMC

Objective: To study the inhibitory effect of chuanxiongzine on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and explore its molecular biology basis. Methods: we selected the VSMC cultured 4～8 generation from rat aorta thoracalis as research object.The objects were divided into four groups( Ⅰ )control group, ( Ⅱ )chuanxiongzine(50 μg/ml)group, ( Ⅲ )chuanxiongzine (100 μg/ml) group and( Ⅳ ) chuanxiongzine (200 μg/ml) group. The inhib itory effect of chuanxiongzine on VSMC proliferation was investigated by cell counting, MTT and 3H-TdR incorporation assay. In order to illuminate the molecular biology mechanism of chuanxiongzine inhibiting VSMCs proliferation, the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and C-myc were detected.Results: Chuanxiongzine could inhibit the proliferation of VSMC significantly in a dose- and time-dependent manner, compared with control group (P ＜ 0.05). The expression of PCNA and c-myc were inhibited obviously and correlated with the concentration of chuanxiongzine (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Chuanxiongzine may play a considerable role in VSMC proliferation process. The inhibitory effect of chuanxiongzine in a dose- and time-dependent manner can be realized via down regulating the expression of PCNA and c-myc. In this study, The great theoretical fundament about Chinese medicine, which is used to treat atherosclerosis (AS), has been obtained.     

The effect of epidermal growth factor on graft small bowel morphology and absorption in rats

The effect of epidermal growth factor on graft small bowel morphology and absorption in rats@李可洲$Inst,Gen Surg PLA, Nanjing Univ, Nanjing 210002     

Relationship between nucleus tractus solitarii and effect of guanabenz on plasma renin activity in rats

Microinjection of 0.5μg guanabenz(GB)into the nucleus tractus solitarii(NTS)orintravenous(i.v.)injection of 10μg/kg of GB significantly lowered plasma renin activity(PRA).blood pressure(BP)and heart rate(HR)in rats i.v.10 μg/kg GB,after the bilateral NIS were de-stroyed by electric current(1 mA 20s),did not decrease PRA,BP and HR.These findings suggestthat the inhibitory action of GB on PRA,BP and HR is related to the activation of alpha-2adrenoceptors in the NTS.     

Inhibitory effect of morphine on excitatory synaptic transmission via presynaptic mechanism in rat SON neurons in brain slices

Objective: To observe the effects of morphine on the excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) and miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs) in rat supraoptic nucleus(SON) neurons and to explore its synaptic mechanism. Methods: Using whole-cell voltage-clamp recording technique in the brain slices, the EPSCS and mEPSCs of rat SON neurons were recorded, respectively. Results: Morphine (20μmol/L) decreased the frequency of EPSCs and mEPSCs (by 65% for EPSCS and by 45% for mEPSCs), and reduced the amplitude of EPSCs by 44% in all SON neurons, but the amplitude distribution of mEPSCs was not affected. Conclusion: Morphine inhibits the excitatory transmissions via presynaptic mechanisms in SON neurons from rat brain slices.     

Study on super—paramagnetic iron oxide—enhanced liver MR imaging in rats

Abstract Objective:To estabilish a curve of dosage gradient-liver signal intensity of super-Paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) in normal rats and to find an appropriate enhancement dosage,Methods:Seventy-two SD rats were randomized into 18 groups(n=4),received MR enhancement of 0,2,5,8,10,12,15,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,100,140,210,280μmol/kg SPIO after plane examination.The signal-to-noise ratio of liver was measured to make a curve of dosage gradient-liver signal intensity.Results:(1)The signal intensity of both T1 and T2 weighted images in small dosage,the ED50 of T1 and T2 weighted were 8 μmol/kg and 5μmol/kg respexctively.(3)When the dose was greater than 15μmol/kg,the signal intensity of T1 weighted images declined more rapidly than that of T2 weithted,the effect of enhanced T1 weighted images was similar to T2 weighted ones,and its images were with nicer resolution.(4) At the dose of 40 μmol/kg.the signal intensity of T1 weighted images approached to the background noise;at the dose of 15 μmol/kg ,the signal intensity of T2 weighted images approached to the background noise.Conclusion:Good effect of T1 and T2 enhanced MR imaging can be acquired at the dose of 20 to 10 μmol/kg SPIO respectively the best contrast-to-noise ratio is found on T2-weighted enhanced MR image.     

Protective effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril on diabetic glomerulopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Ｐｒｏｔｅｃｔｉｖｅｅｆｅｃｔｏｆｔｈｅａｎｇｉｏｔｅｎｓｉｎｃｏｎｖｅｒｔｉｎｇｅｎｚｙｍｅｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒｐｅｒｉｎｄｏｐｒｉｌｏｎｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｇｌｏｍｅｒｕｌｏｐａｔｈｙｉｎｓｔｒｅｐｔｏｚｏｔｏｃｉｎｉｎｄｕｃｅｄｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒ...     

Effects of antihypertensive factor from erythrocyte of spontaneously hypertensive rats on the blood pressure and Ca2+ influx of arterial smooth muscle in rats.

The effects of a partially purified antihypertensive factor (AHF) from erythrocytes of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) on the blood pressure (BP) and Ca2+ influx of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) in rats were studied. The results indicated that AHF could produce a marked prolonged depressor effect and significantly inhibit the Ca2+ influx dose-dependently on both SHR and renal hypertensive rat (RHR) either in acute or in chronic experiments, but not on normotensive rats. It suggested that the inhibition of Ca2+ influx might be one of the important mechanisms for AHF as an endogenous depressor substance.