不同程度糖尿病视网膜病变患者血浆炎性因子检测

目的研究不同程度糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者血浆肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、可溶性白介素-2受体(IL-2R)及C反应蛋白(CRP)水平,为探究炎性反应在DR发病机制中的作用提供依据。设计前瞻性比较性病例系列。研究对象2型糖尿病但无DR患者21例(DM无DR组),非增生性DR患者17例(NPDR组),增生性DR患者23例(PDR组),无糖尿病患者23例作为对照组(无DM组)。方法记录患者年龄、性别、病史资料。行视力、眼压、裂隙灯及眼底检查。采集静脉血检测糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖(Glu)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)、甘油三酯(TG)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、肌酐(CR),以及炎症相关指标TNF-α、IL-2R、IL-8 IL-6及CRP的水平。主要指标血浆炎性因子浓度。结果四组之间年龄、性别、既往高血压、冠心病及脑梗塞病史、TC、LDL、HDL、TG、Hcy和血浆CR均无显著统计学差异。HbA1c在PDR组(7.51±2.03)%、NPDR组(7.48±1.49)%、DM无DR组(7.09±1.54)%,均显著高于无DM对照组(5.35±0.54)%(P<0.001)。TNF-α水平在PDR组及NPDR组(42.54±31.80及32.07±28.84 pg/ml)显著高于无DM组(10.30±5.35 pg/ml)及DM无DR组(12.63±6.65 pg/ml)(P<0.001)。IL-8水平在PDR组及NPDR组(157.26±200.16及197.45±331.08 pg/ml)显著高于无DM组(30.23±29.41 pg/ml)及DM无DR组(29.70±22.04 pg/ml)(P=0.006)。四组之间IL-2R、IL-6及CRP浓度均无显著统计学差异。结论NPDR及PDR患者血浆炎性因子TNF-α及IL-8显著高于DM无DR及无DM对照者。血浆TNF-α升高为PDR的重要危险因素。血浆炎性因子与肌酐水平显著正相关,全身高炎症状态可能是糖尿病肾病及DR的共同危险因素。     

2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变相关危险因素分析

目的：探讨2型糖尿病( type 2 diabetic mellitus,T2DM)患者糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)相关危险因素。

方法：回顾性分析2013-01/2017-04收治入院的1 013例T2DM患者病例资料,将DR患者纳入观察组,非DR患者纳入对照组。分析T2DM患者DR相关危险因素。

结果：经调查统计DR发生率为27.74%(281/1 013)。经单因素分析,两组患者性别、年龄、T2DM病程、血压、糖化血红蛋白、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、肌酐以及24h尿蛋白比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析,男性、年龄>60岁、T2DM病程>10a以及血压、糖化血红蛋白、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及肌酐和24h尿蛋白表达异常均是T2DM患者并发DR的危险因素(P<0.05)。

结论：T2DM患者并发DR风险较高,男性、年龄>60岁、T2DM病程>10a以及血压、糖化血红蛋白、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及肌酐和24h尿蛋白的高水平表达均可能是诱发DR的危险因素。     

HMGB-1在DR患者房水及血浆中水平变化分析

目的:观察糖尿病性视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)患者房水和血浆中高迁移率族蛋白-1(high-mobility groupbox-1,HMGB-1)的变化及其临床意义。方法:以西安交通大学第一附属医院眼科2010-08/12住院糖尿病(diabets mellitus,DM)患者为研究对象,按有无DR分为糖尿病无视网膜病变(non-diabetic retinopathy,NDR)组及DR组。DR组按病程分为单纯性糖尿病性视网膜病变(background diabetic retinopathy,BDR)组及增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)组。设正常对照组,对研究对象分别收集房水和血浆标本,共收集房水28例,血浆40例,均采用双抗体夹心ABC-ELISA法进行人HMGB-1定量ELISA测定。结果:DM患者房水中的HMGB-1浓度明显高于对照组(P<0.05),DM患者按DR病程分组时,HMGB-1浓度未见明显差异(P>0.05)。DM患者血浆中HMGB-1浓度与对照组比较未见明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:HMGB-1在DR的发生中可能起到重要作用,但与DR的病理进程无明显关系。     

Changes of total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status of aqueous humor in diabetes patients and correlations with diabetic retinopathy

AIM:To measure changes of total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of aqueous humor (AH) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients, and to determine if there were any differences in TOS and TAC of AH in diabetic patients without retinopathy compared with non-diabetic patients. METHODS:One hundred and three eyes of 103 patients who were enrolled for cataract surgery were included in this study. Patients were grouped according to presence of diabetes and stage of DR. Prior to cataract surgery, 0.1mL to 0.2mL of AH was aspirated and analyzed for TAC and TOS level using a colorimetric method. RESULTS:TOS levels were highest among proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients and lowest in patients with only cataracts. Results were statistically significant between all groups (P<0.05). Whereas result between diabetic without retinopathy patients and non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) patients was not statistically significant (P=0.757). TAC levels were highest in patients with only cataract and lowest among PDR patients and results were statistically significant between all groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Aqueous humor TAC levels are low in diabetic patients and reduced further in DR patients, TOS levels are increased in diabetic patients and this is exacerbated in DR patients.     

彩色多普勒超声技术对糖尿病视网膜病变患者视网膜血流动力学的分析研究

目的：通过彩色多普勒超声技术观察糖尿病性视网膜病变(diabeticretinitis,DR)患者血流动力学的变化。

方法：选取2014-06/2017-05于我院就诊的糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)患者96例96眼,根据眼底检查结果分为A、B、C三组,A组为单纯DM患者32例32眼; B组为糖尿病合并单纯性视网膜病变(NPDR)患者32例32眼; C组为糖尿病合并增殖性视网膜病变(PDR)患者32例32眼。同时选取健康志愿者30例30眼作为对照组。采用彩色多普勒超声技术检测患者眼部CRA(视网膜中央动脉)、PCA(睫状后动脉)、OA(眼动脉)血流动力学改变情况,并探讨糖尿病患者视网膜病变程度与糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖尿病病程的关系。

结果：各组CRA、PCA、OA血流动力学指标差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组与对照组CRA、PCA、OA的PSV比较,差异均无统计学意(P>0.05); C组CRA、PCA、OA的PSV与EDV最低、RI最高,与A、B组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组HbA1c、FBG比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病程仅A组与C组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：彩色多普勒超声监测DM患者CRA、PCA、OA血流动力学改变,可了解患者视网膜的血流变化,对DM患者视网膜病变的预防和治疗有重要价值。     

糖尿病视网膜病变患者高密度脂蛋白-3和总抗氧化能力以及NOx水平分析

目的:比较糖尿病视网膜病变组与对照组数据,以研究高密度脂蛋白-3(HDL3)、NOx和总抗氧化状态之间的关系.方法:前瞻性病例对照研究.106例受试者分为3组,84例2型糖尿病有或无视网膜病变患者,对照组为22例正常人.患者均行血清高密度脂蛋白-3的浓度检测和血清NOx水平测定.用铁还原法(FRAP)测量血浆总抗氧化能力.结果:糖尿病患者(DM)空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、甘油三酯显著高于对照组.正常人中HDL3水平为14.4(12.0)mg/dL,糖尿病视网膜病变患者为18.1(12.6)mg/dL,糖尿病无视网膜病变患者为14.0(12.5)mg/dL,组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.262).糖尿病患者FRAP水平低于对照组(P=0.003),但糖尿病视网膜病变组与非糖尿病视网膜病变组之间其差异无统计学意义.结论:研究发现:2型糖尿病视网膜病变患者、糖尿病无视网膜病变患者以及对照组间HDL和HDL3水平无明显不同.HDL3可能无法预测糖尿病视网膜病变患者的患病风险.糖尿病患者中血清NOx水平较高,FRAP水平较低.     

应用免散瞳眼底照相技术筛查糖尿病视网膜病变临床分析

目的:应用免散瞳眼底照相技术对糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)患者糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)的患病情况进行筛查,并探讨DR的相关危险因素。方法:纳入2010-11/2011-12期间在我院内分泌科门诊就诊的768例2型DM患者。对所有患者采用免散瞳眼底照相机进行双侧眼底照相,并根据2002年DR国际临床分期标准将患者分为两组:DR组和非糖尿病视网膜病变组(non-diabetic retinopathy group,NDR)。采集病史,测量身高、体质量和血压,测定空腹静脉血浆葡萄糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)、血脂、糖化血红蛋白(glycated hemoglobin A1c,HbA1c)和尿酸(uric acid,UA)。结果:选取768例DM患者中DR患者317例,检出率为41.3%,女性DM患者DR的检出率明显高于男性患者(45.2%vs 37.6%,P<0.05)。与NDR组相比,DR组年龄较大,病程较长,收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、FPG、甘油三酯(TG)、HbA1c、UA水平较高(P<0.05)。二项Logistic回归分析进一步显示,病程、性别、SBP和HbA1c为DM患者发生DR的独立危险因素。结论:DM患者常常并发DR,其发生与病程、性别、血压和血糖关系密切。免散瞳眼底照相技术是一种较理想的DR筛查方法。     

糖尿病视网膜病变相关危险因素分析

目的 分析糖尿病（DM）发生糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的危险因素,为DM并发症的预防和治疗提供理论依据。方法 采用多中心大样本的临床横断面研究方法,对630例DM患者的DR的分期与相关因素如病程、体重指数、血糖控制、血脂、血压等进行统计学分析。结果 DR临床前期、非增生期与增生期患者的DM平均病程、HbA1c水平、收缩压差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;DR各期体重指数、空腹及餐后血糖、血脂等指标差异无统计学意义。结论 DM的病程、血糖控制与血压是DR发生的主要危险因素,因此在DM二级预防中要加强降糖、降压等综合治疗。     

糖尿病患者白内障术后后囊膜混浊的临床研究

目的:研究糖尿病患者白内障术后后囊膜混浊(PCO)的发生情况及其危险因素。方法:收集2016-04/08于我院行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术的白内障患者182例203眼,根据术前是否合并糖尿病分为糖尿病组(DM组,98眼)和非糖尿病组(非DM组,105眼),DM组患者按照白内障术后30mo是否发生PCO分为PCO组(26眼)和非PCO组(72眼)。比较DM组和非DM组术后PCO的发生及分级情况,分析术前糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平、是否存在糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)等因素对DM组患者白内障术后PCO发生影响。结果:术后12、18、24、30mo,DM组患者PCO发生率分别为10.2%、14.3%、22.4%、26.5%,非DM组患者分别为2.8%、4.8%、10.5%、14.3%,两组患者PCO程度均逐渐加重,且DM组患者各时间点PCO程度均重于非DM组,(均P<0.05)。PCO组和非PCO组患者术前糖尿病病程、存在DR情况均有差异(P<0.05),术前HbA1c水平无差异(P>0.05)。结论:糖尿病患者白内障术后PCO的发生率高于非糖尿病患者,且混浊程度较重,糖尿病患者术前糖尿病病程、存在DR是影响PCO发生的危险因素。     

不同类型糖尿病视网膜病变患者血清和肽素和几丁质酶1水平的变化及影响因素

目的　探讨不同类型糖尿病视网膜病变（diabetic retinopathy,DR）患者血清和肽素和几丁质酶1（Chitotriosidase,CHIT1）水平的变化,并分析其影响因素。方法　选取2型糖尿病患者197例作为研究对象,将患者分为:无糖尿病视网膜病变（non-diabetic retinopathy,NDR）组、非增生型糖尿病视网膜病变（non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy,NPDR）组、增生型糖尿病视网膜病变（proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR）组;另选取同期在我院进行体检的健康体检者60人作为正常对照（normal control,NC）组。收集所有受试者的一般资料,抽取受试者晨起空腹静脉血5 mL,检测总胆固醇、甘油三酯、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、血肌酐及空腹血糖（fasting plasma glucose,FPG）、糖化血红蛋白（hemoglobin Alc,HbA1c）、空腹胰岛素（fasting plasma insulin,FINS）水平,用稳态模型评估法计算胰岛素抵抗指数（homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance,HOMA-IR）,计算肾小球滤过率。采用ELISA法测定血清和肽素和CHIT1含量。结果　NDR组、NPDR组、PDR组患者血清的和肽素、CHIT1含量均高于NC组,且随着DR病情进展逐渐升高,差异均有统计学意义（均为P＜0.05）;与NC组相比,NDR组、NPDR组、PDR组患者的FPG、HbA1c、HOMA-IR水平均依次升高,PDR组最高,差异均有统计学意义（均为P＜0.05）;各组受试者的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、血肌酐、肾小球滤过率、FINS水平组间比较,差异均无统计学意义（均为P＞0.05）。Pearson相关性分析结果显示:血清和肽素含量与年龄、DM病程、SBP、FPG、HbA1c、HOMA-IR、CHIT1含量均呈正相关（r分别为0.11、0.75、0.52、0.83、0.88、0.58、0.96,均为P＜0.05）;血清CHIT1含量与年龄、DM病程、SBP、DBP、FPG、HbA1c、FINS、HOMA-IR、和肽素含量呈正相关（r分别为0.12、0.77、0.48、0.12、0.84、0.88、0.14、0.61、0.96,均为P＜0.05）。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示:HbA1c、SBP、FPG是血清和肽素含量的独立影响因素,HbA1c、FPG、DM病程、HOMA-IR是血清CHIT1含量的独立影响因素。结论　DR患者的和肽素和CHIT1水平显著升高,且与DR的程度相关,二者可能共同参与了DR的发生发展。     

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus in Shandong Peninsula of China

AIM: To determine the epidemiological characteristics and estimate the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Shandong Peninsula of China. METHODS: The cases of T2DM admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Shandong Province, China, from January 2006 to December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The epidemiological characteristics of DR were estimated. The cases were divided into two groups according to degrees of retinopathy: non-DR group and DR group. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the related risk factors of DR. RESULTS: The prevalence of DR in patients with T2DM was 25.08% (834/3326). There was significant difference between the average age for men (59.08±15.43 years) and for women (62.92±18.19 years,P=0.0021). The majority of DR occurred in women (female: male ratio=1.76:1,P<0.0001). The incidence rate of DR in urban (489/834) was higher than that in rural area (345/834, P<0.0001). In 834 DR patients, the mean duration of T2DM was 8.90±4.15 years (range: 0-16 years); 440 people (52.76%) had received varying degrees of health education about prevention and primary care of DM; and 473 people (56.71%) suffered from other DM complications confirmed at the same time. In addition, the incidence rate of monocular (551/3326) and binocular retinopathy (283/3326) were statistically different (P<0.0001). Factors associated (P<0.05) with the presence of DR included old age, lower health educational level, intraocular surgery history, longer duration of T2DM, accompanying with other DM complications, no standard treatment procedure, lower body mass index (BMI) and higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), urine albumin (UA), total cholesterol (TC), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The risk factors (P<0.05) independently associated with the presence of DR were: longer duration of T2DM, lower health educational level, higher FPG, higher UA, lower BMI and higher TC. CONCLUSION: DR is highly prevalent in the patients with T2DM in Shandong Peninsula of China. Besides blood glucose, many factors are associated with the present and development of DR.     

外周血循环内皮细胞、血浆内皮素与糖尿病视网膜病变的关系

目的 探讨血管内皮细胞(vascular endothelial cells,VEC)损伤及损坏后的功能变化在糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)发病机制中的作用。 方法 检测55例糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)患者(包括无视网膜病变组20例,背景型视网膜病变组20例,增生型视网膜病变组15例)及正常人外周血循环内皮细胞(circulating endothelial cells ,CEC)数及血浆内皮素 (endothelin,ET)水平变化,并进行比较。 结果 DM患者CEC数及ET水平显著高于正常人(P<0.001),两指标呈显著正相关(r=0.738,P<0.001,n=55)。CEC数及ET水平随DR程度加重而增高。 结论 VEC损伤及由此所致的血浆ET水平增高,可能共同参与了DR的病理过程。(中华眼底病杂志,2000,16:166-168)     

Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in self-reported diabetics among various ethnic groups and associated risk factors in North-East India: A hospital-based study

Purpose:To describe the prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among different ethnic groups of North-East India and to study the associated risk factors.Methods:In this hospital based cross sectional study 7,133 individuals among the age group of 20-79 years, attending the OPD, were screened for presence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (HbA1c >7% or previously diagnosed). Among them, 780 (10.94%) had diabetes; they were evaluated for presence of any retinopathy (based on fundus photograph and fluorescein angiography), its grade (based on International DR severity scale), and risk factors. DR patients were further grouped into different ethnicities (Assamese, Bengali, minor tribes, and other immigrants).Results:Of the 780 patients with diabetes, 58 patients had type 1 DM and 722 patients had type 2 DM. The overall prevalence of DR was 30.0% with vision-threatening retinopathy and maculopathy being 10.00% and 4.49%, respectively. The prevalence of retinopathy range was the highest in the immigrants’ group (50.00% among type 1 DM and 44.93% among type 2 DM) and lowest in the tribal''s groups (16.67% among type 1 DM and 22.35% among type 2 DM). The risk factors showing significant association with DR were longer diabetes duration, older age, family history of diabetes, higher HbA1c level, associated hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and pregnancy state (P value <0.05).Conclusion:Every third patient with diabetes had some form of DR with Vision Threatening DR (VTDR) affecting every tenth patient. There was also a wide variation in the prevalence of DR among ethnic groups and this difference could not be attributed to variation in the known measurable risk factors among different ethnic groups, thus signifying the role of ethnicity in occurrence and severity of DR.     

C-反应蛋白、糖化血红蛋白与2型糖尿病视网膜病变的关系

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者(T2DM)中C-反应蛋白(CRP)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)与糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的关系。方法随即分组,检测20例正常对照组、20例糖尿病无视网膜病变(NDR)、20例非增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(NPDR)和20增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)患者中血清中CRP和HbA1C含量,并分析各组变化。结果 T2DM患者CRP和HbA1C随着DR的病变程度逐步增加,差异有显著性(P<0.05),两者之间成正相关。结论 CRP和HbA1C是DR发生、发展的危险因素,并能预测DR的风险和严重程度。     

1型糖尿病患者视网膜病变的危险因素分析

目的：探讨1型糖尿病(T1DM)患者视网膜病变(DR)的危险因素。

方法：回顾性研究。选取2010-01/2020-10在南方医科大学附属南海医院就诊的204例T1DM患者,根据眼底表现将患者分为DR组(71例)和无DR组(133例),其中DR组包括非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(NPDR)组(48例)和增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)组(23例)。采集其临床资料并检测相关生化指标。通过单因素分析DR/PDR的相关因素,采用多因素Logistic回归分析DR/PDR的危险因素并绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)。

结果：T1DM患者的发病年龄、病程、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c),合并高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病肾病(DN)、糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)与DR有关(P<0.05)。病程、体质量指数(BMI)、收缩压(SBP),合并高脂血症、DN、DPN与PDR有关。Logistic回归分析结果显示病程(OR=1.130,P<0.001)和HbA1c(OR=2.734,P<0.001)是发生DR的危险因素; 病程(OR=1.144,P=0.005)和合并DN(OR=6.500,P=0.001)是发生PDR的危险因素。ROC曲线分析结果显示,病程和HbA1c预测DR发生的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.720、0.727,截断值分别为15.1a,8.2%,敏感性分别为50.7%、76.1%,特异性分别为86.5%、59.4%。病程预测PDR发生的AUC为0.713,截断值为18.5a,敏感性为73.9%,特异性为60.4%。

结论：T1DM患者视网膜病变与糖尿病发病年龄较晚有关。糖尿病病程和高血糖是DR的主要影响因素。HbA1c与DR的发生相关,DN与PDR的发生相关。     

印度南部2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变相关危险因素的研究

目的:探究2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的严重度及受试者中糖尿病视网膜病变严重程度与其病程、糖化血红蛋白水平、高血压史、年龄和性别的相关性.方法:横断面研究.2012-05/06,采取简单随机抽样方法进行结构化问卷调查,收集100例年龄≥35岁糖尿病视网膜病变患者.进行描述性统计、单变量和多变量有序逻辑回归分析.用excel表进行数据录入,并用SPSS 21.0进行数据分析(P<0.05).结果:100例患者,平均年龄53.16±10.81 (35~78)岁.通过单因素分析发现,糖尿病视网膜病变严重度与年龄(P<0.01),糖尿病病程(P<0.001),糖化血红蛋白水平(P<0.001),糖尿病家族史(P<0.01),高血压病史(P<0.05),均呈正相关,高密度脂蛋白(HDL)及年龄与DR严重程度无相关性.除年龄因素外,上述所有因素均为影响糖尿病视网膜病变严重度的独立风险因素.结论:研究表明,糖尿病病程、糖化血红蛋白水平、糖尿病家族史、高血压病史以及性别与糖尿病视网膜病变严重程度密切相关.但多因素分析中,年龄、HDL因素与DR严重程度无关.因此,利用现有治疗手段的有效性和及时控制,可以预防和消除视力威胁性疾病,延缓DR的发生.     

糖尿病视网膜病变发生发展的相关因素分析

目的:探讨影响糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)发生发展的相关因素。方法:用眼底镜和眼底血管荧光素造影对631例2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者进行眼底检查,采集可能与DR发生发展的相关指标。结果:(1)检出DR患者205例,患病率32.5%(95%CI:28.82%～36.15%);其中非增生性糖尿病视网膜病(nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy,NPDR)134例占21.2%(95%CI:18.04%～24.44%);增生性糖尿病视网膜病(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)71例占11.3%(95%CI:8.78%～13.72%)。(2)单因素分析显示:无视网膜病(non-diabetic retinopathy,NDR)、轻、中、重度NPDR和PDR患者间在人均经济收入、居住环境、是否应用胰岛素治疗、合并糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)、合并糖尿病周围神经病变(diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN)、坚持锻炼、糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)病程、空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)、餐后2h血糖(2 hours’postprandial plasma glucose,2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin A1C,HbA1c)、收缩压(systaltic blood pressure,SBP)、胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、尿蛋白排泄率(urinary albuminate excretion rate,UAER)、血清肌酐(serum cremine,SCr)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)方面的暴露水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。(3)多因素有序Logistic回归显示:DM病程长、HbA1c、UAER水平高,不坚持体力锻炼者DR发生发展的风险增加,无DN和DPN合并症者DR发生发展的可能性降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:T2DM患者有较高的DR患病率。DM病程长、HbA1c水平高,不坚持锻炼是DR发生及其严重程度的独立危险因素,是否合并DN和DPN及UAER的改变可作为DR发生发展的预示指标。     

MPV may reflect subcinical platelet activation in diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy

Purpose

To search subclinical platelet activation via detecting three important platelet activation parameters; mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) in comparison with those in healthy adults as controls.

Methods

This prospective study included 140 patients who were followed-up at the Ankara Ulucanlar Eye Education and Research Hospital, and 40 normal subjects. All patients and control subjects underwent complete ophthalmologic evaluation. Of patients with type 2 diabetes, 43 cases with diabetes mellitus (DM) have no DR (Group 1), 45 cases with DM have nonproliferative DR (NPDR) (Group 2), and 52 cases with DM have proliferative DR (PDR) (Group 3). In addition, 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (Group 4) were included into the study. MPV, PDW, and PCT were measured in the studied groups.

Results

The MPV levels were significantly altered in Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 patients when compared with those in the controls (P<0.05), whereas PDW and PCT levels were not significantly changed among groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion

The data provided a significant association between MPV levels and DM. Diabetic patients have increased MPV values compared with healthy subjects, but MPV levels were not altered together with the DR stage. Diabetic and DR patients have no different PDW and PCT values compared with healthy subjects. MPV may be a clue for the reflection of subclinical platelet activation in DM regardless of the DR stage.     

糖尿病视网膜病变严重程度与角膜上皮基底神经丛变化间的相关性

目的：探讨糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)严重程度与角膜上皮基底神经丛(SNP)变化间的相关性。

方法：研究纳入我院2018-01/2021-05收治2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者132例132眼和年龄相关性白内障患者80例80眼,其中T2DM患者中包括非DR(NDR)患者52例52眼,非增生性DR(NPDR)患者40例40眼及增生性DR(PDR)患者40例40眼,分析一般资料和角膜激光扫描共焦显微镜检查资料,采用Spearman秩相关分析评价DR临床分期与神经纤维长度间相关性。

结果：四组性别和年龄比较均无差异(P>0.05); PDR组糖尿病病程显著长于NPDR组、NDR组(P<0.05); NPDR组糖尿病病程显著长于NDR组(P<0.05); 年龄相关性白内障组空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平均显著低于其他三组(P<0.05); PDR组最佳矫正视力显著低于NPDR组、NDR组(均P<0.05); NPDR组最佳矫正视力显著低于NDR组(P<0.05); 年龄相关性白内障组神经纤维长度值均显著大于NDR组、NPDR组及PDR组(P<0.05); PDR组神经纤维长度值显著小于NPDR组(P<0.05); Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,DR分期与神经纤维长度间呈负相关(r_s=-0.347,P<0.001)。

结论：DR病情严重程度与角膜上皮基底神经丛变化间具有相关性,PDR患者神经纤维长度较NPDR显著缩短; PDR和NPDR均存在神经结构缺失,T2DM眼底病变治疗时注意对眼表病变情况评估及处理。     

血清Adropin蛋白和脑啡肽酶在2型糖尿病视网膜病变患者中的变化及影响因素

目的:观察血清Adropin蛋白和脑啡肽酶水平在2型糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者中的变化及影响因素。方法:选取2017-10/2019-01年于保定市第一中心医院内分泌科住院的2型糖尿病患者167例作为研究对象,分为单纯2型糖尿病组(DM组)59例和2型糖尿病合并视网膜病变组(DR组)108例,DR组包括2型糖尿病视网膜病变非增殖期组(NPDR组)45例、2型糖尿病视网膜病变增殖期组(PDR组)63例。另选取57例健康体检者作为对照组(NC组)。测量四组研究对象身高、体质量并计算体质量指数(BMI),BMI=体质量/身高2(kg/m^2)。测定空腹静脉血糖(FPG)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(SCR)、血红蛋白(HbA1c),应用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清Adropin蛋白(AD)和脑啡肽酶(NEP)水平,AD、NEP与其他指标的相关性采用Pearson相关分析。两者各自独立的影响因素采用多元线性回归法分析。结果:与NC组相比,DM组、NPDR组、PDR组的AD水平逐渐降低,以PDR组最低(P<0.05)。各组NEP水平逐渐升高,以PDR组最高(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析提示FPG、HbA1c、NEP为AD的独立危险因素,BMI、FPG、HbA1c、AD是NEP的独立影响因素。结论:在2型糖尿病视网膜病变患者中,AD水平随着DR的进展而降低,NEP水平则随着DR的进展而升高,表明血清AD和NEP有可能参与了DR的发生和发展。