罗布麻叶浸膏对脑内单胺类递质含量及细胞膜流动性的影响

罗布麻叶浸膏可使脑内５－ＨＴ及ＤＡ含量升高,其水溶性成分可使５－ＨＴ、５－ＨＩＡＡ及ＤＡ 含量升高,而ＮＥ含量降低,醇溶性成分上述作用更为明显。提示罗布麻叶浸膏可能含有兴奋中枢 ５－ＨＴ神经元功能及抑制中枢肾上腺素神经元功能的化学物质,这些化学物质为水溶性及酸溶性。 脑神经细胞膜脂质流动性测定结果提示罗布麻叶浸膏水溶性部分可使膜流动性增加。     

罗布麻叶浸膏对脑内单胺类递质含量及细胞膜流动性的影响

罗布麻叶浸膏可使脑内５－ＨＴ及ＤＡ含量升高,其水溶性成分可使５－ＨＴ、５ＨＩＡＡ及ＤＡ含量升,而ＮＥ含量降低,醇溶性成分上述作用更为明显。     

针刺镇痛对大鼠纹状体及脊髓内单胺类递质的影响

<正> 在针麻原理研究中,已证明针刺镇痛与中枢神经递质有关,其中对5-羟色胺(5-HT)能神经系统的关系更为密切。然而在针刺镇痛后对动物各脑区5-HT含量的影响,各家报道并不完全一致。已有报道在电针后可使小白鼠皮层及丘脑中5-HT含量升高,为进一步阐明针刺镇痛与中枢5-HT能神经元系统的关系,本文用荧光法测定大白鼠针刺镇痛后纹状体及脊髓中5-HT及5-羟吲哚醋酸(5-HIAA)含量的变化,同时也观察了对去甲肾上腺素(NE)及多巴胺(DA)含量的影响。兹将初步结果报道如下:     

逍遥散对大鼠脑中单胺类神经递质含量的影响

应用高效液相色谱电化学检测方法测定了逍遥散对大鼠不同脑区单胺类神经递质及其代谢产物含量的影响。逍遥散10、20g/kg po,一日两次,连续6天,显著升高下丘脑NA含量,同时升高纹状体DA含量,降低DOPAC含量,但对所研究各脑区5-HT及5-HIAA含量无任何影响。提示逍遥散选择性地作用于中枢儿茶酚胺能种经系统,这种作用与其治疗神经精神疾病及内分泌功能失调有关。     

茉莉根醇浸膏对大鼠镇痛作用及机制研究

目的：探讨茉莉根醇浸膏对大鼠福尔马林致痛实验的镇痛作用及其可能机制。方法：采用70％乙醇室温浸泡制备茉莉根醇浸膏;采用福尔马林实验观察大鼠Ⅰ相与Ⅱ相的疼痛反应;用紫外分光光度法测定福尔马林实验大鼠血清中PGE,含量;Elisa法测定皮层、丘脑和海马中5-羟色胺（5-HT）、多巴胺（DA）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）含量来研究药物的可能镇痛机制。结果：茉莉根醇浸膏能明显减轻福尔马林致痛大鼠Ⅰ相与Ⅱ相的疼痛反应;茉莉根醇浸膏不能降低福尔马林实验大鼠血清中PGE2的含量,但能明显升高大鼠皮层和丘脑中5-HT含量,也能明显升高皮层、丘脑和海马中DA和NE的含量;结论：茉莉根醇浸膏对大鼠福尔马林致痛实验具有镇痛作用,其镇痛机制与外周炎性致痛因子PGE2无关,与升高皮层和丘脑中5-HT含量,以及升高皮层、丘脑与海马中DA和NE含量有关。     

电针对抑郁大鼠中枢及外周单胺类神经递质的影响

目的：观察慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠中枢及外周单胺类神经递质的改变，以及电针对它们的影响。方法：选用SD雄性大鼠30只，随机分为正常组、模型组、电针组。采用高效液相色谱系统加电化学检测器检测脑及血液中5-HT、NE、DA及其代谢产物5-HIAA、HVA、DIOAC的含量。结果：抑郁模型大鼠血浆中NE和5-HT含量较正常对照组显著升高。抑郁模型大鼠大脑前额皮层NE、5-HT、DOPAC，海马5-HT与5-HIAA，下丘脑DA含量较正常组显著下降。电针治疗可降低血浆中升高的NE、5-HT水平同时升高脑内不同部位的单胺类神经递质水平。结论：电针可调整中枢及外周单胺递类质水平，这可能是电针治疗抑郁症的又一作用途径。     

电针对抑郁大鼠中枢及外周单胺类神经递质的影响

目的:观察慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠中枢及外周单胺类神经递质的改变,以及电针对它们的影响.方法:选用SD雄性大鼠30只,随机分为正常组、模型组、电针组.采用高效液相色谱系统加电化学检测器检测脑及血液中5-HT、NE、DA及其代谢产物5-HIAA、HVA、DIOAC的含量.结果:抑郁模型大鼠血浆中NE和5-HT含量较正常对照组显著升高.抑郁模型大鼠大脑前额皮层NE、5-HT、DOPAC,海马5-HT与5-HIAA,下丘脑DA含量较正常组显著下降.电针治疗可降低血浆中升高的NE、5-HT水平同时升高脑内不同部位的单胺类神经递质水平.结论:电针可调整中枢及外周单胺递类质水平,这可能是电针治疗抑郁症的又一作用途径.     

健脾丸对脾虚大鼠大脑5-羟色胺、多巴胺的影响

目的:研究脾虚大鼠不同脑区单胺类神经递质含量的变化和健脾丸干预的途径。方法:将45只大鼠分为对照组、模型组和治疗组,使用高效液相检测大鼠不同脑区中5-羟色胺(5-HT)和多巴胺(DA)的含量。结果:与对照组比较,脾虚组大鼠各脑区内5-HT水平显著升高,DA水平显著下降(P<0.05);脾虚大鼠使用健脾丸干预后,不同脑区内5-HT和DA水平基本恢复正常,与对照组无显著性差异,而DA水平与脾虚组大鼠有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:脾虚证与大鼠中枢单胺类神经递质的含量有密切联系,脾虚证存在有中枢机制,而健脾丸可通过改善中枢单胺类神经递质含量达到健脾治疗的目的。     

桂附地黄丸对大鼠肺纤维化形成阶段肺与脑组织中去甲肾上腺素、多巴胺、5-羟色胺的影响

目的:观察桂附地黄丸对大鼠肺纤维化形成阶段肺与脑组织去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)的影响。方法:普通级雌性wistar大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、桂附地黄丸组,除正常组外,其余各组均采用气管内一次性注入平阳霉素复制肺纤维化模型,造模后第14天开始灌胃用药,第28天处死动物比较各组肺与脑组织DA、NE、5-HT含量。结果:模型组肺与下丘脑NE、DA、5-HT及海马5-HT含量均高于正常组,桂附地黄丸组肺NE、DA、5-HT与下丘脑NE、DA含量低于模型组,海马NE、5-HT含量低于模型组而DA含量高于模型组,上述差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:肺纤维化形成阶段肺与下丘脑DA、NE、5-HT及海马5-HT含量均升高,桂附地黄丸可能阻止模型肺组织NE、DA、5-HT与下丘脑NE、DA及海马5-HT含量的升高,并能提高海马DA含量,降低NE含量。     

解郁丸抗抑郁作用机制的初步研究

目的 :初步探讨解郁丸抗抑郁作用机制。 方法 :采用高剂量阿朴吗啡导致体温下降试验,5-羟色胺酸(5-HTP)诱导甩头行为试验以及高效液相色谱-电化学检测法测定小鼠下丘脑、皮层、海马等脑内单胺类递质及其代谢产物含量。 结果 :解郁丸能显著拮抗高剂量阿朴吗啡所致小鼠体温下降;增加5-HTP诱导甩头行为。解郁丸单次和连续14 d给药,可提高下丘脑中去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)与DA的代谢产物3,4-二羟基苯乙二醇(DOPAC)的比值;也可使皮层中5-HT,NE,5-HT的代谢产物5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA),DOPAC含量升高,降低5-HT与5-HIAA及DA与DOPAC的比值;并可提高海马中5-HT与5-HIAA及DA与DOPAC的比值。解郁丸可使利血平化小鼠下丘脑中NE,5-HIAA,海马中5-HT,5-HIAA,DA与DOPAC的比值明显升高。 结论 :解郁丸抗抑郁作用机制可能与调节不同脑区的5-HT,NE等神经递质有关。单次和连续14 d给药可增加不同脑区5-HT,NE,DA的含量,连续14 d给药对利血平化所致不同脑区单胺类递质含量下降也有不同程度的翻转效应。     

Pharmacological study on antidepressant activity of 50% ethanol extract of a formulated ayurvedic product in rats

The effects of 50% ethanol extract of one formulated ayurvedic product, consisting of a mixture of medicinal plant species, was investigated on behavioral despair test (forced swimming test, FST), central dopaminergic and serotonergic activity in rats. The effects on the forced swimming test were assessed along with the levels of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and its metabolites homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleaceticacid (5-HIAA) in striatum, frontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus and brain stem after 21 days of chronic oral administration of the extract (500 and 1500 mg/kg-body weight). The extract significantly increased climbing behavior at 500 mg/kg and increased swimming behavior by reducing immobility time at 1500 mg/kg when compared with the control group in forced swimming test (P<0.05). This showed that the active substances present in 50% ethanol extract of the ayurvedic preparation possess antidepressant activity and their specificity towards particular behavior, depends on the concentration of the extract. Further it showed that the enhancement of active behavior in FST is not due to generalized motor activity. The neurochemical estimations revealed the swim stressor inducing alterations in the levels of DA, 5-HT and their metabolites HVA and 5-HIAA in the brain regions assayed as compared with the non-stressed control rats. These changes were prevented extract treated rats. The 500 mg/kg extract treated group had significantly increased the levels of DA in frontal cortex, hypothalamus and hippocampus whereas the 5-HT in hypothalamus (P<0.05). However, there were no significant changes in the levels of HVA and 5-HIAA. These behavioral and biochemical results indicate antidepressant properties of the extract, which may be mediated by the dopaminergic and serotonergic mechanisms in rat brain.     

Effect of Bacopa monniera on stress induced changes in plasma corticosterone and brain monoamines in rats

Bacopa monniera (BM) is well known for its neuropharmacological effects. Our previous studies indicated the adaptogenic effect of standardized extract of BM in various stress models. In the present study, effect of BM was evaluated on acute stress (AS) and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) induced changes in plasma corticosterone and monoamines-noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) in cortex and hippocampus regions of brain in rats. Panax root powder (Panax quinquefolium) was taken as standard. Subjecting animals to AS (immobilization for 150 min once only) and CUS (different stressors for 7 days) resulted in significant elevation in plasma corticosterone levels, which was significantly countered by treatment with BM at a dose of 40 and 80 mg/kg p.o. similar to the effects of Panax quinquefolium (PQ) at 100 mg/kg p.o. AS exposure significantly increased the levels of 5-HT and decreased NA content in both the brain regions while DA content was significantly increased in cortex and decreased in hippocampus regions. In CUS regimen, levels of NA, DA and 5-HT were significantly depleted in cortex and hippocampus regions of brain. Treatment with BM (40 and 80 mg/kg) attenuated the stress induced changes in levels of 5-HT and DA in cortex and hippocampus regions but was ineffective in normalizing the NA levels in AS model, whereas PQ treatment significantly reverted back the effects of stress. In CUS model, pretreatment with BM and PQ significantly elevated the levels of NA, DA and 5-HT levels in cortex and levels of NA and 5-HT in hippocampus regions. Hence, our study indicates that the adaptogenic activity of BM might be due to the normalization of stress induced alteration in plasma corticosterone and levels of monoamines like NA, 5-HT and DA in cortex and hippocampus regions of the brain, which are more vulnerable to stressful conditions analogous to the effects of PQ.     

Anxiolytic effect of ting-chih-wan in mouse behavior models of anxiety

The anxiolytic effect of the alcoholic extract of ting-chih-wan (TCWa) was studied using the black and white test (BWT) and the elevated plus-maze (EPM). We further demonstrated the anxiolytic mechanism of TCWa by combining with diazepam (DIZ), serotonin (5-HT) agonists or antagonists, and measuring the levels of monoamines and its metabolites in the brain stem and cortex. In the BWT, TCWa (0.1-1.0 g/kg, p.o.) increased the time spent in the white chamber and total change between the two chambers, and decreased the time spent in the black chamber. TCWa (0.1-0.5 g/kg, p.o.) increased the arm entries and the time spent on the open arms, and decreased the arm entries and the time spent on the closed arms in the EPM. On the other hand, TCWa (1.0 g/kg, p.o.) decreased horizontal activity and prolonged pentobarbital-induced sleeping times. TCWa (0.1, 0.5 g/kg) decreased the levels of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), 5-HT and 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and increased the levels of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in the brain stem. TCWa (0.1 and 0.5 g/kg) decreased the levels of NE, DA and increased the levels of VMA and HVA in the cortex. TCWa also attenuated the anxiogenic effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and enhanced the anxiolytic effect of 9p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), buspirone (BUS) and ritanserin (RIT) in the EPM. From these results, TCWa at 0.1 and 0.5 g/kg possessed an anxiolytic effect T heanxiolytic mechanisms of TCWa might be due to decreased catecholaminergic activity caused by the increase in the turnover rate of catecholamines in the brain and decreased concentrations of 5-HT in the brain stemvia activating somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptors and inhibiting postsynaptic 5-HT receptors.     

摩腹手法对睡眠剥夺大鼠脑内神经递质及Orexin-A的影响

[目的]观察和探讨摩腹手法对睡眠剥夺大鼠脑内神经递质及Orexin-A水平的影响。[方法]将Wistar大鼠30只随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组和摩腹手法组各10只,采用改良多平台水环境法对后两组大鼠进行睡眠剥夺造模,造模后正常对照组和模型对照组大鼠不作干预,摩腹手法组大鼠给予每日1次的摩腹治疗,持续14 d后,检测比较各组大鼠脑内5-羟色胺(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)和食欲素A(Orexin-A)的水平。[结果]与正常对照组相比,模型对照组大鼠脑内5-HT、DA、NE、GABA和Orexin-A的水平均发生显著变化(P0.05)。与模型对照组相比,摩腹手法组大鼠脑内5-HT水平显著回升,DA、NE和Orexin-A水平均明显回落(P0.05),而GABA水平无统计学差异(P0.05)。[结论]摩腹手法可通过调节大鼠脑内5-HT、DA、NE和Orexin-A的水平,起到调节动物睡眠和觉醒状态的作用。     

补阳还五汤及其有效成分体外给药对脑细胞膜流动性的影响

 目的 比较研究补阳还五汤及其有效成分黄芪甲苷、阿魏酸、川芎嗪、芦丁、绿原酸、紫檀烷苷、毛蕊异黄酮、芒柄花素、毛蕊异黄酮苷、芍药苷、丹皮酚、槲皮素体外给药对缺血 再灌损伤大鼠脑细胞膜流动性的影响。方法 大鼠颈总动脉结扎30 min 再灌2 h作为脑中风动物实验模型。用自旋标记ESR法测脑细胞膜流动性。结果 病理切片证实脑组织发生脑中风的典型病变。损伤大鼠脑细胞膜流动性较正常大鼠减低;补阳还五汤及其有效成分对正常细胞无影响但可使损伤大鼠脑细胞膜流动性增大,不同程度地恢复到接近于正常细胞膜流动性水平。结论 细胞膜流动性是一个敏感而重要的生物学指标,反映细胞的活性状态。可用这一新的技术方法来研究补阳还五汤及其组方的配伍机理,为中药方剂的改进提供理论依据。     

半夏厚朴汤抗抑郁活性部位的筛选

目的:筛选半夏厚朴汤的抗抑郁活性部位。方法:选用小鼠行为绝望模型评价抗抑郁作用;用荧光分光光度法测定单胺类神经递质。结果:半夏厚朴汤提取物(AE)和其4个部位均不同程度地降低绝望模型中小鼠游泳和悬尾的不动时间,具有一定的时效关系。其中以半夏厚朴汤提取物(AE)、石油醚提取物(AE-1)和水溶性部分(AE-4)最为显著,相互间无显著性差异。半夏厚朴汤提取物(AE)可显著地提高纹状体中5-HT含量和皮层中NE含量,而对其他脑区中神经递质无显著性影响。石油醚提取物(AE-1)可显著地提高纹状体中5-HT含量和皮层中NE和DA含量,氯仿提取物(AE-2)能极显著地提高皮层中DA含量。结论:半夏厚朴汤具有抗抑郁作用,其活性成分主要分布在石油醚和水溶性部位。半夏厚朴汤可能是部分地通过对单胺类神经递质系统的整合而达到抗抑郁目的。     

脑痛立停胶囊对偏头痛模型小鼠脑及血浆神经递质含量的影响

目的:探讨脑痛立停胶囊治疗偏头痛的作用机理。方法:建立利血平化低5-羟色胺(5-HT)小鼠偏头痛模型,给与脑痛立停胶囊灌胃治疗7天,以复方羊角胶囊为对照药物。电化学法测定小鼠血浆和脑组织5-HT等单胺递质的含量。结果:利血平化低5-HT偏头痛模型小鼠血浆及脑组织5-HT、多巴胺(DA)的含量明显降低,脑组织去甲肾上腺素(NE)和高香草酸(HVA)含量也明显降低。脑痛立停胶囊可提高模型小鼠血浆和脑组织5-HT、DA和脑组织NE的含量,作用强度与复方羊角胶囊相似。结论:脑痛立停胶囊可以提高偏头痛模型小鼠血浆及脑组织5-HT、DA和脑组织NE的含量,以调整脑部血管舒缩功能,改善脑部血液循环,调节中枢神经痛调制机能。通过以上机制发挥治疗偏头痛的作用。