Novel use of a stent graft for uncontrollable intraprocedural stent thrombosis in a patient with acute myocardial infarction

We report the case of a patient who developed uncontrollable intraprocedural stent thrombosis (IPST) during an emergent percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction that was mitigated only by covering the culprit lesion with a stent graft. Although several factors can induce stent thrombosis, IPST was likely a result of intrastent plaque protrusion in this patient. This is the first case report on the use of stent graft implantation as an effective bailout procedure for uncontrolled IPST. The findings described in this case study warrant the adoption of stent grafts for the complete sealing of plaque protrusion in lesions.     

Perforation of saphenous vein graft during coronary stenting: A case report

We report on a case of coronary perforation during stenting of a saphenous vein graft with a biliary stent. Sealing of the perforation was achieved with another biliary stent deployed within the first stent at the site of the perforation, and with prolonged balloon inflation. This case illustrates that vein graft perforation can occur with coronary stenting, and could potentially be treated with prolonged balloon inflation and/or stenting at the site of the first stent. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Carotid stenting for symptomatic radiation-induced arteritis complicated by recurrent aneurysm formation.

We describe a 56-year-old male who underwent successful carotid stenting (CS) with adjuvant distal protection in response to symptomatic radiation-induced carotid disease. During the CS procedure, it was incidentally noted that the lesion yield pressure was surprisingly low (2 atm). The patient returned with local symptoms from common carotid aneurysmal dilation at the proximal edge of the stent that was successfully treated with a stent graft. A second aneurysm developed proximal to the stent graft and, based on intravascular ultrasound mapping, he ultimately underwent venous bypass covered by a free-muscle graft. We believe the low lesion yield pressure in this case reflected loss of vessel integrity and it may be prudent to avoid oversizing the stent in such patients.     

Emergency stent graft deployment for acute aortic rupture following primary stenting for aortic coarctation.

We present a case of endovascular stenting for aortic recoarctation complicated by acute aortic rupture, which was successfully treated by emergency stent graft deployment. This case illustrates the potential serious complication that can occur during aortic stent dilatation and how the prompt deployment of a stent graft helped to change the clinical outcome of this life-threatening situation.     

Endovascular Stent Graft Management of a Ruptured Profunda Femoris Artery Aneurysm

IntroductionWe report the first case of a ruptured profunda femoris artery (PFA) aneurysm managed successfully with an endovascular stent graft.ReportAn 87-year-old man presented with pain and pulsatile swelling on his thigh from a ruptured large saccular aneurysm arising from the mid PFA. The aneurysm was successfully excluded with an endovascular stent graft. The patient made a good recovery post procedure.DiscussionThis case demonstrates that PFA aneurysms, when ruptured, can be managed successfully by endovascular stent graft in the high risk patient.     

Percutaneous snare retrieval of a partially embedded Wallstent.

Although removal of a stent is a well described method for treating an acutely dislodged or embolized device, removal of a previously deployed stent is unusual. We describe a case where a partially dislodged wallstent in a saphenous vein graft was removed using a snare to permit deployment of a balloon mounted stent across a proximal vein graft stenosis.     

A case of popliteal stent fracture with pseudoaneurysm formation.

We describe a case of angiographically documented stent fracture and pseudoaneurysm formation in a patient with femoropopliteal disease, which was successfully treated with deployment of an endovascular stent graft. Technical aspects of the procedure are discussed and the experience with stent fractures previously reported in the literature is reviewed.     

Coronary stent fracture in a saphenous vein graft to right coronary artery--successful treatment by the novel use of the Jomed coronary stent graft: case report and review of the literature

Coronary stents ultimately owe their success to the mechanical scaffolding effect that they provide. The mechanical properties of these metallic stents were designed not only to provide radial strength so as to prevent vessel recoil, but also to be able to resist the mechanical stress of vessel movement over millions of cardiac cycles. We present a case whereby the latter mechanical stresses may have contributed to the fracture of a stent implanted in the saphenous vein graft to the right coronary artery. We demonstrated that the point at which the stent fracture occurred coincided with an area of maximal graft movement. Our patient presented with acute myocardial infarction due to graft occlusion 3 months after stent implantation. We re-intervened by deploying a Jomed coronary stent graft, consisting of 2 layers of stent, to cover the stent fracture, thereby providing optimal support to this area of high mechanical stress, resulting in a good long-term clinical outcome. The novel use of a Jomed coronary stent graft for this indication has not been previously described. Review of the literature indicates that factors that may predispose to stent fracture include location in the right coronary vein graft, long stents, overlapping stents and stent over-expansion.     

Percutaneous bail-out treatment of vein graft rupture with a polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent

Abstract

Vessel perforation is an undesirable and life-threatening complication during vein graft angioplasty. We report on a case of vein graft rupture during angioplasty, which was successfully managed with deployment of a polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent.     

Snare extraction of a fractured coronary stent in a saphenous vein graft.

Retrieval of intravascular objects can be accomplished through snare retrieval. We report a case in which a patient presented with symptomatic in-stent restenosis caused by a fractured aorto-ostial sirolimus-eluting stent in a saphenous vein graft. Because of the inability to selectively engage the stent ostium with the guide catheter, the fractured stent was removed with an endovascular snare in order to permit successful revascularization. With the proximal portion of the stent retrieved by the snare, a new stent was implanted without complication.     

Pseudo-candy wrapper: bifocal radial artery graft spasm following stent implantation

We encountered a case of intractable radial artery graft spasm after stent implantation which was partially responsive to nominal nitroglycerin therapy. We report this case with intravascular ultrasound imaging at the radial artery spasm site.     

Endovascular treatment of aortic rupture during angioplasty for aortic in-stent restenosis in aortoarteritis.

Aortic rupture during balloon angioplasty for in-stent restenosis without attempting to overexpand it is a rarity. We report a case of a young woman with aortoarteritis who had aortic rupture during angioplasty for in-stent restenosis. The balloon used was of the same diameter as the previously implanted stent and was completely within the stent during inflation. The disruption was successfully treated by percutaneous placement of a self-expandable endovascular stent graft.     

Systolic cessation of the flow in the mid stent segment of the previously stented ostial vein graft with normal flow during diastole. A case report and brief review.

We present a case of intermittent cessation of blood flow through stent struts during systole, with normal flow during diastole in the previously stented ostial vein graft. After reviewing the initial procedure, we discovered that the operator had difficulty in positioning the stent. After stent deployment, the ostial stent was malpositioned and was protruding more than 50% into the aorta. During systole, the contrast in the stent struts, which are situated in the aorta, was being washed off by systolic blood flow, while in the diastole, the flow of contrast was normal. This is the first case report of this observation with a brief review.     

Endovascular Treatment of Splenic Artery Aneurysm With a Stent-Graft: A Case Report

Splenic artery aneurysm, one of the most common visceral aneurysms, accounts for 60% of all visceral aneurysm cases. Open surgery is the traditional treatment for splenic artery aneurysm but has the disadvantages of serious surgical injuries, a high risk of complications, and a high mortality rate.We report a case who was presented with splenic artery aneurysm. A 54-year-old woman complained of upper left abdominal pain for 6 months. An enhanced computed tomography scan of the upper abdomen indicated the presence of splenic artery aneurysm. The splenic artery aneurysm was located under digital subtraction angiography and a 6/60 mm stent graft was delivered and released to cover the aneurysm. An enhanced computed tomography scan showed that the splenic artery aneurysm remained well separated, the stent graft shape was normal, and the blood flow was unobstructed after 1 year.This case indicates a satisfactory efficacy proving the minimal invasiveness of stent graft exclusion treatment for splenic artery aneurysm.     

Successful long-term therapy following saphenous vein-covered stent deployment for atherosclerotic coronary aneurysm.

We describe a case of atherosclerotic aneurysm involving the left main coronary artery in a patient with prior coronary artery bypass surgery. A saphenous vein-covered stent was used to seal the aneurysm in conjunction with conventional stenting of an associated native vessel coronary stenosis. Focal late restenosis involving the stent graft was successfully treated with repeat angioplasty and brachytherapy. Autologous vein-covered stent deployment should be considered in the treatment of symptomatic or progressively enlarging coronary aneurysms.     

Stent fracture and collapse in a saphenous vein graft causing occlusive restenosis

We report a case of occlusion of a saphenous vein graft due to complete stent fracture. This was successfully managed percutaneously, with an excellent angiographic and clinical result.     

Traumatic Coronary Artery Fistula Closure with Stent Graft

We present a rare case of a symptomatic acquired large coronary fistula and aneurysm secondary to chest trauma that was successfully closed using stent graft. This case is followed by review of the literature.     

A case of transient left ventricular ballooning with pheochromocytoma, supporting pathogenetic role of catecholamines in stress-induced cardiomyopathy or takotsubo cardiomyopathy

We report a case of late stent thrombosis two years after implantation of a coronary stent graft (Jomed Covered Stent, CSG) and a week after cessation of aspirin therapy due to circumcision. Caution in adherence to anti-thrombotic therapy is warranted years following implantation of coronary stent grafts.     

A quick fix: graft rescue for iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm

We present a case of delayed rupture of a femoro-popliteal saphenous vein bypass graft after stent-supported angioplasty, resulting in a large, severely symptomatic pseudoaneurysm of the thigh. This was successfully treated with deployment of a covered stent graft. The possible mechanisms of pseudoaneurysm formation in this case are discussed, and a brief review of the literature regarding the endovascular management of this clinical entity is offered.     

Covered stent graft for primary PTCA of an aortocoronary vein graft

Covered stent graft by entrapping the thrombus between the vessel wall and stent might be helpful in preventing distal embolization and "no reflow" in a high-risk patient cohort. We here present a case with successful restoration of coronary flow in a highly thrombogenic milieu (acute myocardial infarction) with implantation of two covered stent grafts which by entrapping the thrombus avoided the distal embolization and "no reflow" in a totally occluded saphenous vein graft (SVG). However, stent length should be longer than the measured lesion length since choosing the exact diameter will not cover the plaque elongification secondary to the dilation process which is specifically significant in SVGs because of the softness of the plaque.