Methotrexate-induced renal oxidative stress in rats: the role of a novel antioxidant caffeic acid phenethyl ester

The exact mechanisms of methotrexate-induced renal toxicity have not yet been determined. However, several hypotheses have been put forward, including oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (Caffeic Ester), a novel antioxidant, on methotrexate-induced renal oxidative stress in rats. Nineteen adult male rats were equally divided into three experimental groups as follows: control group, methotrexate-treated group, and methotrexate+Caffeic Ester-treated group. A single dose of methotrexate (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally (ip). Caffeic Ester (10 micromol/kg) was administered ip, once daily for seven days. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (an index of lipid peroxidation) were used as a marker of oxidative stress-induced renal injury. Similarly, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were determined to evaluate the changes of antioxidant status in renal tissue. Methotrexate administration to control rats increased MDA levels (P<0.0001), but decreased SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities in renal tissue (P<0.0001). Caffeic Ester+ methotrexate treatment caused a significant decrease in MDA levels (P<0.001), and caused an increase in SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities when compared with methotrexate treatment alone (P<0.001, <0.05, <0.0001, respectively). In conclusion, methotrexate leads to a reduction in antioxidant enzymatic defense capacity and causes lipid peroxidation in renal tissue. Similarly, Caffeic Ester exhibits protective effects on methotrexate-induced renal oxidative impairment in rats.     

The effects of diazinon on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in rat erythrocytes: role of vitamins E and C

Reactive oxygen species caused by organophosphates may be involved in the toxicity of various pesticides. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of acute exposure to organophosphate insecticide diazinon (DI) and possible ameliorating role of vitamins E and C, with the following parameters: lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the activity of the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rat erythrocytes. The experimental groups were arranged as control group, DI-treated group (DI) and DI + vitamin E + vitamin C-treated group (DI + Vit). DI + Vit groups were treated orally with a single dose of 335 mg/kg DI body weight. Vitamins E and C were injected at doses of 150 mg/kg body weight intramuscular (in) and 200 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal (ip), respectively, 30 min after the treatment of DI in DI + Vit group. Blood samples were taken 24 h after the DI. The results showed that DI administration caused to increase in LPO and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px enzymes in erythrocytes. Also, the combination of vitamins E and C decreased LPO and the activities of GSH-Px and SOD compared with the DI group. In conclusion, although treating rats with single dose DI increases LPO and antioxidant enzyme activities in erythrocytes, vitamins C and E combination can reduce LPO caused by DI.     

维生素C对青春期邻苯二甲酸二丁酯暴露致大鼠卵巢氧化应激的干预作用

目的探讨维生素C(vitamin C,Vit C)对青春期邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(dibutyl phthalate,DBP)暴露致大鼠卵巢氧化应激的干预作用。方法将160只健康初断乳SPF级Wistar雌性大鼠随机分为5组,分别为对照(玉米油)组和低(100mg/kg)、高(500 mg/kg)剂量DBP暴露组及低(100 mg/kg)、高(500 mg/kg)剂量DBP+Vit C(125 g/L)干预组。采用灌胃方式暴露DBP,暴露容量为10 ml/kg,每天1次;采用自由饮水方式暴露Vit C,连续暴露30 d。分别于暴露第5、10、20、30天,测定大鼠卵巢组织中MDA、GSH含量和SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活力。结果与对照组相比,DBP暴露组大鼠卵巢组织中MDA含量均升高,而GSH含量和SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活力均下降;与相同剂量DBP暴露组相比,Vit C干预组大鼠卵巢组织中MDA均下降,而GSH含量和SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活力均升高。且随着DBP暴露剂量的升高,DBP暴露组和Vit C干预组大鼠卵巢组织中的GSH含量和SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活力均呈下降趋势,而MDA含量呈上升趋势。结论 DBP暴露可致青春期雌性大鼠卵巢组织产生脂质过氧化反应,诱导氧化应激,导致卵巢抗氧化能力下降;而抗氧化剂Vit C对于DBP所致生殖系统的氧化损伤具有一定的拮抗作用。     

铁负荷对大鼠脂质过氧化作用影响及抗氧化维生素对其抑制作用

目的研究铁负荷对大鼠脂质过氧化的影响及具有抗氧化作用的维生素 (维生素E和 β 胡萝卜素 )对铁负荷所产生影响的作用。方法将 80只雄性Wistar大鼠按体重随机分为 8组 ,前 4组给予的饲料铁浓度分别为 5 0、2 0 0、3 5 0和 5 0 0mg kg饲料。后 4组饲料铁浓度分别与前 4组相同 ,但同时在饲料中补充抗氧化剂(维生素E 10 0mg kg饲料、β 胡萝卜素 2 5mg kg .BW) ,喂养 8周。实验结束时 ,测定血清铁、血脂 (总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 )、维生素E、维生素A ,血清丙二醛、氧化性低密度脂蛋白 ,超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶。结果铁负荷具有增加血清丙二醛、氧化性低密度脂蛋白及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的趋势 ,5 0 0mg kg饲料组显著 ;各组谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性应激性增加 ,VE、VA含量下降。加入维生素类抗氧化剂可使丙二醛、氧化性低密度脂蛋白及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低 ,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高 ,超氧化物歧化酶降低。结论铁负荷可促进体内脂质过氧化反应 ,以十倍生理剂量最为显著 ,同时抗氧化酶类活性增加 ,以维持机体动态平衡 ;维生素类抗氧化剂可能通过非酶促反应体系发挥作用 ,抑制上述改变     

锰烟尘对男工血脂质过氧化和抗氧化酶的影响

目的研究长期高浓度锰烟尘暴露对男工体内脂质过氧化和抗氧化酶的影响。方法用分光光度法测定59名接触锰烟尘男工和59名对照男工的红细胞血红蛋白(Hb)、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和血清谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSH-ST)活力。结果作业环境空气中MnO2平均浓度为0.75 mg/m3(0.19~1.60 mg/m3)时,接锰作业组红细胞MDA含量、SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活力与对照组比较,差异无显著性。分层分析显示,接触锰男工红细胞SOD、CAT、GSH-Px的酶活力随接触锰工龄的增加而升高,接触锰工龄>10 a组,SOD、CAT、GSH-Px酶活力均降至对照组水平。结论接触高浓度的锰<10 a,可使体内抗氧化酶活力应激性增强,而脂质过氧化物保持不变。但接触高浓度锰>10 a,可导致男工血脂质过氧化物增加及抗氧化酶活力降低,对机体产生损害作用。     

Mobile phone-induced myocardial oxidative stress: protection by a novel antioxidant agent caffeic acid phenethyl ester

Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or radiofrequency fields of cellular mobile phones may affect biological systems by increasing free radicals, which appear mainly to enhance lipid peroxidation, and by changing the antioxidant defense systems of human tissues, thus leading to oxidative stress. Mobile phones are used in close proximity to the heart, therefore 900 MHz EMR emitting mobile phones may be absorbed by the heart. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), one of the major components of honeybee propolis, was recently found to be a potent free radical scavenger and antioxidant, and is used in folk medicine. The aim of this study was to examine 900 MHz mobile phone-induced oxidative stress that promotes production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the role of CAPE on myocardial tissue against possible oxidative damage in rats. Thirty rats were used in the study. Animals were randomly grouped as follows: sham-operated control group (N: 10) and experimental groups: (a) group II: 900 MHz EMR exposed group (N: 10); and (b) group III: 900 MHz EMR exposed+CAPE-treated group (N: 10). A 900 MHz EMR radiation was applied to groups II and III 30 min/day, for 10 days using an experimental exposure device. Malondialdehyde (MDA, an index of lipid peroxidation), and nitric oxide (NO, a marker of oxidative stress) were used as markers of oxidative stress-induced heart impairment. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were studied to evaluate the changes of antioxidant status. In the EMR exposed group, while tissue MDA and NO levels increased, SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities were reduced. CAPE treatment in group III reversed these effects. In this study, the increased levels of MDA and NO and the decreased levels of myocardial SOD, CAT and GSH-Px activities demonstrate the role of oxidative mechanisms in 900 MHz mobile phone-induced heart tissue damage, and CAPE, via its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties, ameliorates oxidative heart injury. These results show that CAPE exhibits a protective effect on mobile phone-induced and free radical mediated oxidative heart impairment in rats.     

新疆药桑葚花青素延缓衰老作用的研究

目的研究药桑葚花青素对黑腹果蝇的寿命及抗氧化系统的影响。方法根据果蝇培养基所含药桑葚花青素浓度不同,将果蝇随机分为5组,分别为0(对照组)、8.16、27.27、112.5和514.28mg/kg组。采用生存试验检测果蝇寿命,计算半数死亡时间、平均寿命和平均最高寿命。喂饲果蝇30天后,测定果蝇体内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性和过氧化脂质MDA的含量。结果生存试验中随着花青素浓度升高,果蝇寿命呈延长趋势,其中27.27mg/kg、112.5mg/kg两个浓度组雌雄果蝇的半数致死时间、平均寿命及平均最高寿命均较对照组明显延长(P0.05,P0.01),且存在剂量-反应关系。随着培养基中花青素含量增加,雌雄果蝇体内GSH-Px、SOD及CAT活力明显升高、MDA含量明显下降,呈剂量-反应关系,至11.25mg/100g浓度时各种酶的活性均达到最高、MDA含量降至最低(P0.01)。结论药桑葚花青素增强果蝇体内抗氧化酶活性,抑制脂质过氧化反应可能是果蝇寿命延长的原因之一。     

白藜芦醇对铅诱导小鼠脂质过氧化的拮抗作用

目的探讨白藜芦醇对铅暴露引起的氧化损伤的拮抗作用。方法铅染毒动物模型用含铅(醋酸铅0.5%)饮用水构建。60只健康雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为6组,每组10只:正常对照组,铅染毒组,铅染毒+白藜芦醇低、中、高剂量干预组,白藜芦醇组。检测小鼠血铅和组织铅含量及肝、肾组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)的含量和抗氧化能力指数。结果与铅染毒组相比,白藜芦醇处理组肝、肾组织中SOD、CAT和GSH-Px活性均上升(P<0.01),MDA含量降低(P<0.01)。白藜芦醇使用剂量在800～1 200mg/kg时能够显著地提高机体抗氧化酶的活力,增强机体的抗氧化能力。铅染毒小鼠血浆、肝组织及肾组织中ORAC值均有一定程度的减小,给予白藜芦醇可以拮抗铅毒性引起的ORAC值的下降。结论白藜芦醇通过提高抗氧化酶活性,以减轻铅毒引起的脂质过氧化损伤,提高小鼠机体的抗氧化能力,而实现保护肝、肾组织的作用。     

Diazinon-induced brain toxicity and protection by vitamins E plus C

Diazinon (DI) is a widely used pesticide in agriculture, resulting in environmental deleterious effects on neural systems. The current study was performed to investigate the effects of treatment with vitamins E plus C on brain toxicity, which is possibly induced by DI. Twenty-one male rats were divided into three groups (n = 7/group) as follows: (1) control group (C); (2) DI-treated group (DI); (3) DI + vitamins E plus C-treated group (DI + Vit). In order to examine lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in rats, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of two free radical scavanging enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) have been studied in brain of rat. The results showed that treatment with DI induced significant (p < 0.05) increases in the level of serum MDA in rat brain. The vitamins E plus C combination reduced lipid peroxidation in rat brain. The activity of SOD level was significantly higher in DI + Vit group, compared to the control group. GSH-Px, SOD and CAT values were not significantly different in the DI group than in control. Oxidative stress contributes to DI-induced brain toxicity. Our results suggested that vitamins E plus C combination may have a protective effect on DI-induced brain toxicity.     

碱性电解水对D-半乳糖致小鼠血液和肝、肾、脑组织脂质过氧化作用的影响

目的探讨碱性电解水对D-半乳糖致小鼠血液和肝、肾、脑组织脂质过氧化作用的影响。方法将45只成年雄性清洁级昆明小鼠随机分为3组,分别为对照组(皮下注射生理盐水及饮用自来水18周)、D-半乳糖染毒组(皮下注射100mg/kgD-半乳糖,1次/d,同时饮用自来水18周)、D-半乳糖+碱性电解水组(皮下注射100mg/kgD-半乳糖,1次/天,连续18周,并于前6周饮用自来水,后12周饮用碱性电解水),每组15只。于末次暴露后1h,处死动物,取血液、肝脏、肾脏和大脑。采用硫代巴比妥酸法测定脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量。采用DTNB法测定还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量。采用改良DTNB直接法测定谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力。采用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力。采用Sohal法测定脂褐素含量。结果与对照组相比,D-半乳糖染毒组各组织中MDA、脂褐素含量增加,GSH含量下降,GSH-Px和SOD活力下降;与染毒组相比,D-半乳糖+碱性电解水组各组织中MDA、脂褐素含量下降,GSH含量增加,GSH-Px和SOD活力增加。结论碱性电解水对D-半乳糖所致的脂质过氧化作用有一定的拮抗作用。     

牛黄及胆红素对三氯乙烯染毒小鼠脂质过氧化的拮抗作用

目的研究牛黄、胆红素对三氯乙烯(TCE)染毒ICR小鼠所致的脂质过氧化的拮抗作用。方法用TCE灌胃染毒ICR小鼠制造脂质过氧化模型,然后分别以牛黄、胆红素灌胃,测定ICR小鼠肝、肾组织中丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)。结果与阴性对照组比,TCE处理组肝、肾组织GSH Px、SOD、CAT活力降低,MDA含量增加,差异均有显著性(P<0.05);牛黄、胆红素染毒与TCE处理组比较,肝、肾组织GSH Px、SOD、CAT活力显著增强(P<0.05),脂质过氧化产物MDA含量减少。结论牛黄和胆红素均能较好地拮抗TCE所引起的ICR小鼠脂质过氧化。     

β-胡萝卜素对二甲基亚硝胺致大鼠脂质过氧化的影响

探讨了给予二甲基亚硝胺（ＮＤＭＮ），同时补充β－胡萝卜素（β－Ｃ）后，大鼠体内抗氧化酶活性和脂质过氧化物含量的变化。结果显示，一定剂量的ＮＤＭＮ可使大鼠血红细胞、肝肾匀浆ＳＯＤ活性和全血ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），血清和肝ＭＤＡ和血清ＲＯＯＨ产生增多（Ｐ＜０．０５）。添加β－Ｃ（２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）后，ＳＯＤ和ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性均比单纯ＮＤＭＮ组有明显提高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＭＤＡ和ＲＯＯＨ含量明显低于ＮＤＭＮ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示自由基和脂质过氧化反应可能也是ＮＤＭＮ及其它亚硝胺致癌的途径之一；一定剂量的β－Ｃ可对抗ＮＤＭＮ引起的自由基和脂质过氧化。     

Dose- and Time-Dependent Effects of Ethanol on Plasma Antioxidant System in Rat

This study investigates the dose- as well as time-dependent effects of ethanol ingestion on antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation in plasma of the rat. The plasma ethanol concentrations were 154 ± 18, 231 ± 53, and 268 ± 49 mg/dl 1 h after oral ethanol doses of 2, 4, and 6 g/kg, respectively. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (71%, 56%, and 41% of control) and glutathione reductase (GR) (71%, 66%, and 55% of control) activity in plasma were significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Catalase (CAT)/SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)/SOD ratios were significantly increased whereas GR/GSH-Px ratio was significantly decreased with increasing dose of ethanol. In a time course study, plasma ethanol concentrations were 177± 9.7, 143± 11, 99± 17, and 26± 11 mg/dl at 1.5, 2, 4, and 6 h after an oral dose (4 g/kg) of ethanol in rat indicating time-dependent elimination of ethanol. Plasma SOD and GSH-Px activity significantly increased 4–6 h whereas GR activity significantly decreased 2–4 h after ethanol ingestion. The ratio of GR/GSH-Px and the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in plasma decreased at 1.5–6 h after ethanol ingestion. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels significantly elevated with respect to an increase in time after ethanol ingestion, indicating time-dependent augmentation of lipid peroxidation. The data indicate that ethanol ingestion perturbs the plasma antioxidant system in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The significant changes in the ratios of CAT/SOD, GSH-Px/SOD, GR/GSH-Px, and GSH/GSSG in plasma may be used as an index of alcohol-induced oxidative stress.     

硒对乙醇致大鼠机体损伤的保护作用

目的 :探讨硒对乙醇致体内脂质过氧化的保护作用及机理。方法 :用 3g/kg体重的乙醇给大鼠灌胃 ,同时自由饮用含硒量为 0 .2 5 mg/L 的亚硒酸钠水溶液 ,饲养三个月。结果 :与单给乙醇组比较 ,乙醇 +Se组大鼠组织和血清 MDA含量显著降低 (P均 <0 .0 1) ,GSH- Px、SOD、CAT活性均升高 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。结论 :硒可能通过增加 GSH- Px、SOD、CAT活性从而抑制过量乙醇对机体的损伤     

莲房原花青素体内抗氧化研究

目的 :　探讨莲房原花青素体内抗氧化机制。方法 :　选用 4月龄 Wistar健康大鼠1 9只 ,按性别、体重随机分成对照组和莲房原花青素组。经口灌胃 1 0 0 mg/kg,3 5 d。结果 :　原花青素组大鼠血清和皮肤组织中 MDA值显著低于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,而血清和皮肤组织中的 SOD活性、GSH- Px活性和羟脯氨酸 (Hyp)含量均显著高于对照组。结论 :　莲房原花青素能提高大鼠机体抗氧化能力 ,抑制脂质过氧化作用的发生 ,并能增加皮肤中的胶元蛋白含量。     

Influence of cow or goat milk consumption on antioxidant defence and lipid peroxidation during chronic iron repletion

Despite Fe deficiency and overload having been widely studied, no studies are available about the influence of milk consumption on antioxidant defence and lipid peroxidation during the course of these highly prevalent cases. The objective of the present study was to assess the influence of cow or goat milk-based diets, either with normal or Fe-overload, on antioxidant defence and lipid peroxidation in the liver, brain and erythrocytes of control and anaemic rats after chronic Fe repletion. Weanling male rats were randomly divided into two groups: a control group receiving a normal-Fe diet (45 mg/kg) and an anaemic group receiving a low-Fe diet (5 mg/kg) for 40 d. Control and anaemic rats were fed goat or cow milk-based diets, either with normal Fe or Fe-overload (450 mg/kg), for 30 or 50 d. Fe-deficiency anaemia did not have any effect on antioxidant enzymes or lipid peroxidation in the organs studied. During chronic Fe repletion, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher in the group of animals fed the cow milk diet compared with the group consuming goat milk. The slight modification of catalase and glutathione peroxidise activities in animals fed the cow milk-based diet reveals that these enzymes are unable to neutralise and scavenge the high generation of free radicals produced. The animals fed the cow milk diet showed higher rates of lipid peroxidation compared with those receiving the goat milk diet, which directly correlated with the increase in SOD activity. It was concluded that goat milk has positive effects on antioxidant defence, even in a situation of Fe overload, limiting lipid peroxidation.     

丙烯腈染毒大鼠不同脑区某些生化指标的变化

目的探讨亚急性丙烯腈(AN)染毒对大鼠不同脑区某些生化指标的变化。方法32只大鼠随机分成4组,经腹腔注射给予AN0(对照组给予生理氯化钠)、25、50、75 mg/kg体重,每天1次,连续染毒7 d,测定大脑皮层、小脑、纹状体和海马中丙二醛(MDA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力。结果与对照组相比,皮层、小脑和海马的MDA含量均呈现剂量依赖性升高,皮层的低剂量组与小脑的高剂量组发生了显著性升高(P<0.05);皮层低剂量组、小脑的中剂量和高剂量组GSH含量较对照组降低有显著性(P<0.05);低剂量组皮层、海马和纹状体SOD活力较对照组降低有显著性(P<0.05);小脑、海马和纹状体在低剂量染毒时GSH-Px活力显著下降(P<0.05)。结论皮层和小脑对MDA增加和GSH含量的减少最为明显,而海马和纹状体对SOD和GSH-Px活力的下降最为明显,提示AN对大鼠氧化性损伤具有脑区特异性。     

硒、维生素E对心肌胶原蛋白代谢的影响

目的：阐明硒（Ｓｅ）、维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）与心肌胶原蛋白代谢的关系。方法：以病区粮（低Ｓｅ、低ＶＥ）喂养大鼠,并注射异丙基肾上腺素（ＩＳＯ）诱发心肌缺血缺氧性坏死,检测心肌中谷胱甘肽氧化酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）、过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）和胶原蛋白含量变化。结果：低Ｓｅ低ＶＥ组血浆和心肌ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ、ＣＡＴ活性下降,ＭＤＡ含量上升,与心肌胶原蛋白含量变化有相关性。补Ｓｅ补ＶＥ后,ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ、ＣＡＴ活性上升,ＭＤＡ水平下降,心肌胶原蛋白含量下降。结论：低Ｓｅ低ＶＥ加重ＩＳＯ诱发的心肌损伤,脂质过氧化和自由基与心肌胶原蛋白代谢关系密切。补Ｓｅ补ＶＥ后,能缓解心肌细胞对诱发因素所造成的损伤,对保护心肌细胞和防止心肌纤维化的形成具有一定作用。     

维生素E对大鼠肝线粒体酶活性的影响

目的观察维生素E（VE）补充对大鼠肝线粒体ATP酶和抗氧化酶活性的影响。方法Wistar大鼠随机分成4组，对照组、VE1、VE2和VE3干预组；对照组给予普通饲料，3个干预组均喂饲添加维生素E的饲料，剂量分别为335，1340，5025mg／kg饲料，喂养10周后，摘取肝脏提取线粒体，测定Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Ca2^＋-Mg^＋-ATP酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性及丙二醛（MDA）的含量。结果VE1组与对照组相比，SOD、GSH—Px、Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Ca2^＋-Mg2^＋-ATP酶活性显著升高（P〈0．05），MDA水平显著降低（P〈0．05）。VE2、VE3组与对照组相比未见改善。VE2、VE3和VE1组相比，SOD、GSH—Px、Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Ca2^＋-Mg^＋-ATP酶活性显著降低（P〈0．05），MDA水平显著升高（P〈0．05）。结论补充适量VE（335mg／kg）能显著增强大鼠肝线粒体ATP酶活性及氧化能力；较高剂量VE；（1340，5025mg／kg）组未能改善大鼠肝线粒体ATP酶活性及抗氧化能力。     

银杏叶提取物对酒精所致大鼠睾丸氧化损伤的保护作用的研究

目的研究银杏叶提取物(EGB)对酒精所致大鼠睾丸氧化损伤的预防保护作用。方法雄性SD大鼠30%酒精灌胃(2.37g/kgbw)前,EGB采用分组(低剂量组48μg/gbw和高剂量组96μg/gbw)预防性给药的方法。于实验90d检测大鼠睾丸组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、和谷胱甘肽(GSH)、活性氧(ROS)以及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。通过亚细胞分离方法提取大鼠睾丸微粒体,测定微粒体血红素氧化酶-1(HO-1)活性。采用RT-PCR检测睾丸组织中血红素氧化酶-1(HO-1)mRNA表达水平。结果慢性酒精摄入90d后,EGB组睾丸匀浆ROS、MDA较酒精组有明显降低(P<0.05);相反,GST、G-Px、CAT、SOD、HO-1活性以及GSH均有显著性升高(P<0.05);EGB诱导HO-1高表达。结论长期慢性酒精摄入引起大鼠睾丸氧化损伤。EGB可作为一种预防性的抗氧化剂减轻这种氧化损伤;其机制可能与诱导HO-1高表达,清除自由基,抑制脂质过氧化反应有关。