电针不同神经节段穴位对大鼠胃运动异常模型胃内压的影响

目的探讨电针不同神经节段穴位对胃运动异常模型大鼠胃内压的调节作用及其效应的差异性。方法通过在大鼠胃内安置球囊的方法记录胃内压,观察电针足三里穴、内关穴、水沟穴、膻中穴、天枢穴对胃运动异常模型大鼠胃内压的影响。结果胃运动亢进和胃运动抑制模型大鼠针刺前后比较各组胃内压变化均有显著性差异(P<0.05);足三里穴组、天枢穴组与内关穴组、水沟穴组、膻中穴组比较胃内压变化有显著性差异(P<0.05);足三里穴组与天枢穴组比较胃内压变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论电针不同神经节段穴位对胃运动异常大鼠胃内压均有双向调节作用,且该调节效应有差异性,足三里、天枢穴对胃运动异常大鼠胃内压的调节作用要优于内关、水沟、膻中穴。     

高位颈段椎管内肿瘤的显微手术治疗

目的探讨运用显微外科技术切除高位颈段椎管内肿瘤的手术技巧和临床效果。方法对近5年来我科手术治疗的18例高位颈段椎管内肿瘤的临床、影像学表现、手术治疗方法、疗效等方面进行回顾性总结分析。结果本组5例为髓内肿瘤,其中4例室管膜瘤在显微镜下全切除,1例星形细胞瘤大部分切除;13例髓外硬膜下肿瘤中有12例全切,1例大部分切除,未见围手术期死亡。结论显微外科技术的应用有助于高颈段椎管内肿瘤的全切除,且安全性高,临床效果较好。     

针刺对膀胱内压的影响

观察针刺“次”穴、“足三里”穴及非经非穴点对家兔膀胱内压的影响。结果显示 :针刺家兔“次”穴、“足三里”穴对膀胱内压有显著影响 (针刺前后P <0 0 1 ) ,针刺家兔非经非穴点对膀胱内压无影响 (针刺前后P >0 0 5 )。结论 :“肚腹三里留”的理论性和经穴脏腑相关学说的“躯干部位穴的主治功能有明显的神经节段性”的理论是正确的     

高位颈段食管癌的外科手术治疗探讨

目的探讨胃-咽吻合术治疗颈段食管癌的新途径.方法手分,尽量避免对胃的挤压,吻合时将胃由食管床上提至颈部,这样可减少胃的张力,符合生理通道,食物下咽时可顺利通过,同时胃在食管床中,对心肺功能的影响亦小,有利于心肺并发症防治.结果术后一例死于多脏器功能衰竭,二例因胃壁坏死形成瘘口感染,经治疗而愈.其余35例恢复顺利,进食情况良好.结论凡高位颈段食管癌患者,如无手术禁忌,即使有颈部淋巴结转移,都应考虑外科手术治疗,术后再辅以化疗及放疗,这样可巩固手术疗效,提高治愈率及改善病人的生活质量.     

电针胃俞募穴对胃扩张模型大鼠胃内压及血清胆囊收缩素-8、胃泌素水平的影响

目的探讨电针胃俞募穴对胃扩张模型大鼠胃内压的调节作用及其机制。方法通过在大鼠胃内安置自制球囊的方法记录胃内压,观察电针胃俞、中脘、胃俞+中脘对胃扩张模型大鼠胃内压的影响。并采用放射免疫法检测各组大鼠血清胆囊收缩素-8(cholecystokinin-8,CCK-8)、胃泌素(gastrin,GAS)的含量。结果电针后各电针组胃内压强较电针前显著增加(P0.01);胃俞组和胃俞+中脘组电针后胃内压强显著高于中脘组(P0.05,或P0.01)。与模型组相比,中脘组、中脘+胃俞组大鼠血清CCK-8水平显著降低(P0.05,或P0.01),中脘组、胃俞组大鼠血清GAS水平显著升高(P0.01)。结论电针胃俞募穴对胃扩张模型大鼠胃内压有增强作用,且俞募配穴具有协同效应。血清CCK-8及GAS参与了电针胃俞募穴对胃扩张模型大鼠胃内压的调节。     

雨蛙肽对大鼠胃内压的影响

用以氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉的大鼠分析了雨蛙肽对体内和离体胃运动的不同效应。静脉注射雨蛙肽(60ng/kg)引起胃内压的下降和迷走神经胃支离中活动的同步减少。但是,全部切断迷走神经胃支后雨蛙肽对胃运动的效应抑制消失或反转为兴奋效应。雨蛙肽对离体胃肌条片的运动则有刺激作用。这种效应被阿托品所消除。根据以上结果认为,雨蛙肽对整体内的胃运动有抑制和兴奋二种效应。前者主要通过迷走神经,而后者则直接刺激胆硷能壁内神经元而实现的。在整体内,两蛙肽对胃运动的抑制作用占优势,其兴奋性影响不易显现。     

手捻针刺足三里穴对人体膀胱容量及内压的影响

1目的针刺动物的次骼、关元、三阴交、曲骨、中极、膀眺俞、期门及足三里多个穴位时,发现捻针时可引起膀眈收缩内压升高,停止捻针时,膀联松驰,内压下降。在临床上腹部手术后的病人常取仰卧位,或腹部有切口在腰部及背部取穴困难。另外用穴较多不易分析穴位功能的相对特异性。我们根据古典针灸学的“肚腹三里留”及经穴脏腑相关学说的“躯干部经穴的主治功能有明显的神经节段性”的理论,只用双侧足三里穴,观察手捻针刺足三里对膀航功能的影响是否可收到上述同样的效果。该实验是医院经常做的检查方法,在人体无损伤状态下进行。2对象及…     

杏仁核内微量注射八肽胆囊收缩素对大鼠胃内压和胃运动的影响

向大鼠杏仁基底内侧核（ＢＭＡ）内微量注射八肽胆囊收缩素（ＣＣＫ－８）、ＣＣＫ受体阻断剂（Ａ型或Ｂ型），进行胃内压和胃运动的记录和分析。结果如下：ＣＣＫ－８（５０ｎｇ／１μｌ）注射后胃内压（ＩＧＰ）和胃蠕动频率（ＧＭＦ）显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）；单独微量注射ＣＣＫ－Ａ受体阻断剂Ｌ３６４７１８（１００ｎｇ／１μｌ）或ＣＣＫ－Ｂ受体阻断剂Ｌ３６５２６０（１００ｎｇ／１μｌ），对胃内压和胃运动无明显影响；先给Ｌ３６４７１８（１００ｎｇ／１μｌ）再给予ＣＣＫ－８，则ＩＧＰ，ＧＭＦ的抑制不再出现；先给Ｌ３６５２６０则ＣＣＫ－８对ＩＧＰ和ＧＭＦ的抑制仍出现；在ＢＭＡ附近，如终纹连合部（ＢＳＴＩＡ）和杏仁皮质核（ＰＬＣｏ）内注射ＣＣＫ－８均不出现胃内压、胃运动的抑制作用。提示，ＢＭＡ内ＣＣＫ－８对胃运动、胃内压有抑制作用，这种抑制作用与ＢＭＡ内的ＣＣＫ－Ａ受体有关，而ＣＣＫ－Ｂ受体可能不参加此抑制作用。     

神经生长因子对小鼠颈上神经节和大鼠腓神经损伤后修复的影响

目的 应用形态学方法观察研究神经生长因子（NGF）对长春新碱（VCR）损伤的小鼠颈上神经节和钳夹损伤的大鼠腓神经修复再生作用。方法 颈上神经节：出生2d的昆明种小鼠随机分为实验组、对照组和空白对照组。实验组皮下注射VCR（0.2mmol/L～10ul/g体重）和NGF（2、5、10ug/g体重）,对照组仅注射VCR,每天1次,连续4d。光镜下测量颈上神经节横径并且观察神经节细胞形态变化。周围神经：将钳夹损伤腓神经的SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,并从损伤后第1天在近损伤处分别肌注NGF（2、4、8ug/kg体重）和生理盐水,每天1次,连续12d。取腓神经和趾长伸肌,光镜观察,并计数损伤处远端和近端神经纤维数量。结果 VCR可损伤颈上神经节,神经节横径缩小,节细胞凋亡解体;NGF则可改善VCR的损害作用,神经节横径增大61%～95%,节细胞数明显增多59%～70%,细胞凋亡现象显著减轻,改善程度与NGF剂量相关。NGF对排神经再生和趾长伸肌形态变化也有明显改善作用,尤以大剂量NGF的作用更显著。结论 NGF对长春新碱损伤的小鼠颈上神经节和经钳夹损伤的大鼠腓神经有明显的促修复作用。     

Effects of Transection of the Dorsal Part of the Spinal Cord on Antinociceptive Action of Electroacupuncture in Rabbits

This study was designed to localize the descending fiberscontributed to the antinociceptive effects of electroacupuncture in the spinalcord. The unit discharges of 64 neurons in parafascicular nucleus (Pf)were recorded extracellularly in rabbits immobilized with gallaminetriethiodine. The nociceptive discharges elicited by strong electricalstimulation of the peroneal nerve were inhibited profoundly in 31 of 64 Pfneurons (48.4%), partially in 12 neurons (18.8%) and unchanged in other21 neurons (32.8%) by electroacupuncture at bilateral points Zusanli(足三里). The nociceptive discharges in response to nociceptive stimulation ofthe peroneal nerve and the antinociceptive effects of 16 Pf neurons to theelectroacupuncture were not changed by transection of the bilateral dorsalcolumns. After transection of the dorsal half of spinal cord includingbilateral dorsolateral funiculis (DLF), the nociceptive discharges of 11 Pfneurons were not affected. However, the nociceptive effects ofelectroacupuncture were abolished in 7 of 11 Pf neurons, but not in other 4neurons. The present results that the descending fibers contributing toantinociceptive action of electroacupuncture on Pf neurons descend mainlyvia DLF, and have little, if any, relation to the dorsal column system inrabbits.     

Effects of Electroacupuncture at Different Points on Colorectal Distention-induced Changes in Blood Pressure, Electrogastrogram, Gastric Tension and Gastric Blood Flow

Objective: To investigate the specificity of the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at different acupoints on gastric functional activity and gastric blood flow after colorectal distension (CRD) in the rat. Methods: Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: a control group, a Zusanli group, a non-point group, a Taichong group and a Neiguan group. Rats were anesthetized after 18 h of fasting, and a rat model of nociceptive blood pressure elevation and abnormal electrogastrogram (EGG) and gastric tension (GT) was prepared by gasbag-induced CRD. EA was given bilaterally, and its effects on gastric blood flow (GBF) of the arcus vasculosi of the greater omentum, blood pressure, EGG fast wave properties, and gastric smooth muscle tension (GT) were quantified. Results: CRD induced an increase in blood pressure that was significantly inhibited by EA at all points (all P<0.05), and the inhibitory effects were greater in the Zusanli and Neiguan groups compared to the non-point group (both P<0.05). CRD also caused reductions in GT and GBF, and in the amplitude, frequency and duration of EGG waves (all P<0.05). These effects were also reversed by EA. The effects of EA on EGG wave amplitude, GT, and GBF were superior in the Zusanli group compared to the Taichong group, Neiguan group, and the non-point group. Conclusion: EA significantly counteracted CRD-induced changes in blood pressure, GBF, EGG, and GT. The effects of stimulation at Zusanli (ST 36) were significantly greater compared to other points, indicating relative specificity of this acupoint.