Retroperitoneal accessory spleen

We report a lower abdominal mass found to be a retroperitoneal accessory spleen. The vascular supply originated from retroperitoneal vessels independent of the splenic, testicular, and spermatic vessels.     

Symptomatic pelvic accessory spleen

Accessory spleens are found most commonly at the splenic hilum, however, they rarely are symptomatic. An 18-year-old man presented with lower abdominal pain. Cross-sectional imaging studies with 3-dimensional reconstruction suggested the presence of a mass that was associated with the spleen. A nuclear medicine radioisotope scan confirmed that the mass was a pelvic accessory spleen. Laparoscopic excision was performed with excellent results. This accessory spleen was unusual in its size and location. Accessory spleens should be removed if symptomatic or if they are identified at splenectomy for hematologic disease.     

Abscess of an accessory spleen

Accessory spleens are not infrequent and occur in 11 to 44 per cent of the population with a greater incidence in those with hematological disease. They may remain clinically silent or result in a number of pathologic processes. Abscess of an accessory spleen is rare but must be considered in the differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin or sepsis in select groups of patients. Computerized tomography is the imaging modality of choice and may also be used in the percutaneous drainage of select cases. Laparoscopic splenectomy in the hands of the experienced laparoendoscopic surgeon is a viable treatment option.     

Traumatic rupture of an accessory spleen

A cyclist knocked over by a car was admitted with pain in the left upper quadrant that progressively worsened with haemorrhagic shock. Ultrasound showed a heterogenous spleen and perisplenic haematoma. Emergency laparotomy was performed and revealed rupture of an accessory spleen located on the splenocolic ligament.     

Laparoscopic resection of an epidermoid cyst originating from an intrapancreatic accessory spleen: Report of a case

A 67-year-old man underwent an investigation of epigastric pain and weight loss. Preoperative imaging findings suggested the presence of a tumor, which developed as an epidermoid cyst and originated from an intrapancreatic accessory spleen; however, the possibility of malignancy could not be ruled out. We therefore performed a laparoscopic-assisted distal pancreatectomy with a splenectomy for both diagnostic and treatment purposes. Five laparoscopic ports were created. After the spleen and pancreatic tail were dissected from the retroperitoneum laparoscopically, they were pulled out through a 7-cm left subcostal incision and resected with an endoscopic linear stapler. The operative time was 227 min and the blood loss was 400 ml. The postoperative course was uneventful. The final pathological diagnosis was in agreement with the preoperative diagnosis. This case demonstrates that the minimally invasive approach of laparoscopic surgery can be used safely and successfully for difficult-to-diagnose pancreatic tumors. This is the first report describing a laparoscopic resection of an epidermoid cyst originating from an intrapancreatic accessory spleen.     

Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision

After total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer was introduced in 1982, local recurrence rates decreased to 5%. These results were found to be reproducible; therefore, the technique became standard for the treatment of rectal cancer. Laparoscopic surgery for curable colorectal malignancy is still considered investigational. Indeed, the United States National Cancer Institute (NCI) trial excludes rectal carcinoma. The application of laparoscopy to rectal carcinoma must compete with total mesorectal excision, which has obtained favorable results in the last decade. In this review, we assess the adequacy of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision, describe the techniques (both anterior resection and abdominoperineal resection), and discuss their potential advantages.     

腹腔镜全结肠系膜切除术

In the latest 50 years,the radical dissection rate of colonic cancer and the 5-year survival rate have been improved as colonic surgery techniques improve.In 1991,Jacob performed the first laparoscopic...     

Laparoscopic excision of the urachus

Embryologically, the urachus represents the obliterated alantois in the form of a fibrous cord extending from the dome of the bladder to the umbilicus. Incomplete obliteration can result in the formation of an umbilical sinus, fistula, cyst, or abscess in the infraumbilical area. The traditional treatment of a residual urachus is surgical resection of the entire tract from the dome of the bladder to the umbilicus through a lower midline incision. We report the case of a 14-year-old girl who presented with an abscess below the umbilicus. After initial drainage, she developed a sinus that communicated with the navel. Surgical resection of the underlying urachus was carried out laparoscopically. The peritoneum was incised at the umbilicus, and the whole tract along with the skin sinus was excised using diathermy scissors. The lower end was ligated and the specimen retrieved. The patient was discharged the following day. One week later, her wounds had healed. Histology confirmed an epithelial-lined urachus. We believe that laparoscopic excision of a patent urachus is feasible and safe. This technique gives the surgeon good access to the area and has a cosmetically better result.     

Laparoscopic hand-assisted spleen autotransplantation

Background Only recently has the spleen been perceived as an organ with a major immune function. This raised an interest in spleen salvage after spleen trauma and pancreatic tail resection, for the treatment of hematologic disorders and inducement tolerance for allogenic transplants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a new technique for spleen transplantation: laparoscopic spleen autotransplantation in a large animal model. Methods Ten 35-kg pigs were used for this study. A laparoscopic hand-assisted splenectomy was first performed. The spleen was extracted through the handport to be flushed with a 4°C saline solution and prepared extracorporeally. The graft was then reintroduced into the same animal’s abdominal cavity, and a splenic-to-common iliac artery and vein bypass was performed laparoscopically using a 7-0 polytetrafluoroethylene running suture. The animal was killed 1 week postoperatively for histologic examination. Results All 10 animals tolerated the procedure well. No conversion to open surgery was required. The mean operative time was 253 ± 45 min. The mean time needed to create the artery and vein anastomoses was 116 ± 165 min, and the mean blood loss was 190 ± 120 ml. There was no intra- or postoperative death. Intraoperative complications included two stenosed vascular anastomoses, which were taken down and revised. Seven of the 10 spleens were histologically viable 1 week after surgery. The nonviable transplantations were attributable to a thrombosis of the common iliac artery (n = 1) or the transplant artery (n = 2). Conclusions Hand-assisted laparoscopic spleen autotransplantation is feasible in an animal model. This procedure could constitute an option when spleen resection is necessary for pancreatic tail resection, or when spleen preservation is important to the maintenance or restoration of an immune function. Presented to the Society of American Gastroenterologist Endoscopic Surgeons in Los Angeles, California, USA, March 2003 An erratum to this article is available at .     

Laparoscopic excision of abdominoscrotal hydrocele

Abdominoscrotal hydrocele (ASH) is reported with increasing frequency and is recognized to be responsible for complications not only related to the pressure effect on the contiguous structures, but a wide a variety of conditions, including hemorrhage and malignant transformation. Although there are only two reports in the literature of spontaneous resolution, the actual accepted consensus for treatment is complete excision. The surgical approaches are abdominal, scrotal or combined. There is no report in the literature of a laparoscopic excision of ASH. In this paper, we report on the first case to be treated with this approach and highlight the new advantages and simplicity in using this recommended technique.