Modified transscleral fixation technique for refixation of dislocated intraocular lenses

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of transscleral fixation of dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs) by externalizing the haptics through a clear corneal incision. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. METHODS: This retrospective interventional case series comprised 21 eyes (21 patients) in which a dislocated posterior chamber IOL was transsclerally refixated using a small superior clear corneal incision for externalization of the haptics. The suture was tied to the externalized haptic, after which the tied haptic was placed back in the anterior chamber and dialed to externalize the second haptic. After the second externalized haptic was tied, the IOL was reimplanted in the ciliary sulcus. The minimum follow-up was 6 months. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 42.7 months +/- 21 (SD). The difference between the mean best corrected visual acuity before IOL dislocation (0.34 +/- 0.21 logMAR) and the mean after IOL refixation (0.38 +/- 0.19 logMAR) was not statistically significant (P = .16, t test). During follow-up, the PC IOL remained well centered in all eyes and no tilt or dislocation was observed. CONCLUSION: Scleral fixation of dislocated PC IOLs using temporary haptic externalization through a clear corneal incision minimized the need for complicated intraocular maneuvers, had a low incidence of complications, and provided an easy and effective way to reposition dislocated PC IOLs.     

Scleral fixation suture technique without lens removal for posteriorly dislocated intraocular lenses

BACKGROUND: Posterior chamber intraocular lenses (IOLs) may dislocate into the vitreous or over the retina at the time of, or several months after, surgery or following injury. Techniques described to reposition dislocated lenses have drawbacks, such as lens removal, lens exchange, difficulties of lens repositioning procedures and high cost We describe a technique in which the haptics of dislocated IOLs are fixed to the sclera after the haptics are externalized solely through a pars plicata incision site and tied with a 10-0 Prolene suture. METHODS: After pars plana vitrectomy, the IOL was grasped with an intraocular forceps and moved to the pupillary area. A second intraocular forceps was inserted from the site of planned fixation, and the tip of the haptic was pulled out and heated to form a knob to avoid suture slipping. A 10-0 Prolene suture was then tied to the haptic by means of a sailor knot The haptic was reinserted intraocularly, and the outstaying sutures were tied with conventional knots over the sclera or under the scleral flaps. The procedure was then repeated on the other side. RESULTS: This technique has been used in 12 patients (12 eyes), 7 men and 5 women ranging in age from 45 to 77 (mean 63.8 [standard deviation 8.5]) years. The time between diagnosis of dislocation and surgery was 10 to 20 days in six cases and 21 to 39 days in six cases. The IOL was dislocated into the vitreous in eight cases (67%) and over the retina in four cases (33%). The preoperative best corrected visual acuity ranged from 20/200 to 20/30. Intraoperatively, mild vitreous hemorrhage developed in two patients (17%), macular edema developed in two patients (17%), and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment developed in one patient (8%). The final visual acuity ranged from 20/50 to 20/20 in 11 patients; the patient with retinal detachment had hand movement vision. INTERPRETATION: The technique of scleral fixation of posteriorly dislocated IOLS without lens removal is a safe, inexpensive and useful complement to other techniques.     

Modified technique of haptic externalization for scleral fixation of dislocated posterior chamber lens implants

PURPOSE: To describe a modified technique of haptic externalization during repositioning of dislocated posterior chamber lens implants, which facilitates placement of scleral fixation sutures around the haptic for implant stabilization. METHODS: We describe a technique of repositioning a dislocated posterior chamber implant with scleral fixation sutures, which uses a small, clear corneal incision for externalization of the haptic. After a loop of 10-0 Prolene suture (Ethicon, Inc., Somerville, New Jersey) is placed around the externalized haptic, the sutures are retrieved through a sclerotomy 1.0 mm posterior to the limbus. The haptic is reimplanted into the ciliary sulcus. A separate scleral fixation bite closes the sclerotomy, and it is tied to the 10-0 Prolene sutures looped around the haptic. RESULTS: The dislocated implant was stable and fixated in good position 5 months after surgery using this technique. CONCLUSION: This externalization technique minimizes the extensive intraocular manipulations necessary to create a suture loop around a haptic of a dislocated implant. The clear corneal incision allows for clear visualization during externalization of the haptic.     

Sutureless intrascleral posterior chamber intraocular lens fixation

We report a technique for sutureless fixation of standard 3-piece posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs) in the ciliary sulcus in eyes without capsule support, which we have used in cases of subluxated and luxated cataract and for secondary IOL implantation. Fixation of the haptics in a limbus-parallel scleral tunnel allows exact centration and provides axial stability of the PC IOL to prevent distortion. The technique uses uncomplicated maneuvers for standard 3-piece PC IOL fixation without the need for special haptic architecture or preparation.     

Scleral fixation of hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses using a suture burial technique

The procedure involved an ab-externo scleral fixation technique using a double-armed 10-0 polypropylene suture with straight needles that require no scleral flaps. The IOLs are sutured to the sclera, the free suture ends are tied to the suture loops, and they are buried together under the sclera. Forty eyes of 37 patients were included. Postoperative complications are IOL capture in five eyes (12.5%), a significant IOL tilt in one eye (2.5%), recurrent UGH (uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema) syndrome in two eyes (5%), glaucoma in three eyes (7.5%), suture exposure in two eyes (5%) and IOL drop due to haptic breakage in one eye (2.5%). The technique can be effectively used for the refixation of dislocated hydrophobic acrylic IOLs by temporary haptic externalization through a corneal incision and for the treatment of aphakia with or without penetrating keratoplasty. Surgeons should be aware of the possibility of UGH syndrome due to IOL capture, especially in young eyes.     

Scleral fixation technique using 2 corneal tunnels for a dislocated intraocular lens

Several techniques are used to reposition dislocated intraocular lenses (IOLs). Most place a suture loop around the end of the haptic. However, in cases of a dislocated capsular bag containing the IOL, a dislocated IOL with a large haptic, or a miotic pupil, it is not easy to see the haptic ends to place the suture loop. We describe a scleral fixation technique that uses 2 corneal tunnels. A double-armed 10-0 polypropylene suture loop can be introduced through 1 corneal tunnel and placed around any accessible part of the haptic with the help of a bent 26 gauge needle. This modified technique is an easy and effective way to reposition the IOL.     

Transscleral suture technique for fixation of a dislocated posterior chamber intraocular lens

We describe a double-loop-knot technique for repositioning a displaced posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) that facilitates placement of scleral fixation sutures around the haptic for IOL stabilization. The technique minimizes the intraocular manipulations necessary to create a suture loop around the haptic of a dislocated IOL as well as scleral incisions required for IOL exchange.     

Ab externo scleral suture loop fixation for posterior chamber intraocular lens decentration: clinical results

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of an ab externo suture retrieval and scleral fixation technique in the treatment of subluxated posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs). SETTING: Academic tertiary care centers. METHODS: Surgical databases from 2 surgeons were reviewed for consecutive cases from March 2000 to April 2004 in which the ab externo scleral suture fixation technique was used and a minimum follow-up of 3 months was completed. Patient charts were reviewed for 15 eyes that had decentered in-the-bag PC IOLs, 12 eyes with subluxated sulcus or bag-sulcus positioned PC IOLs, and 3 eyes with PC IOLs dislocated into the vitreous. RESULTS: The mean time from cataract extraction to PC IOL stabilization was 3.4 years (range 2 days to 10.9 years). Surgical repositioning was successfully performed in all patients. After a mean follow-up of 14.7 months, the mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved from 20/140 to 20/40 (P = .0001). All patients had stable or improved BCVA. All patients with a successfully completed procedure achieved an adequately centered PC IOL postoperatively. One patient (3.3%) developed a significant intraoperative vitreous hemorrhage requiring the procedure to be aborted, but reoperation 3 months later was successful. Postoperative complications included persistent elevated intraocular pressure in 2 eyes (6.7%) and chronic cystoid macular edema in 1 eye (3.3%) that resolved with medication. CONCLUSION: The ab externo suture loop retrieval and scleral fixation technique was effective in repositioning decentered, subluxated, or dislocated PC IOLs with excellent visual outcomes.     

小切口经虹膜缝线固定后房型人工晶状体植入术治疗无晶状体眼

目的评价小切口经虹膜缝线固定后房型人工晶状体植入术治疗无晶状体眼的临床效果。方法对17例(17眼)因无晶状体眼而行折叠式后房型人工晶状体经虹膜缝线固定术的患者进行回顾性分析。手术方法为经3.0mm透明角膜切口,植入三片式折叠后房型人工晶状体,采用Siepser术式缝合虹膜的方法将人工晶状体的双襻以10-0聚丙烯缝线分别缝合固定于中周部虹膜。记录患者术前与术后裸眼远视力、最佳矫正远视力、眼压、术前及术后角膜内皮细胞计数、人工晶状体位置(偏心度、倾斜度、稳定性),及术中与术后并发症等情况,随访3～18个月。结果所有病例均顺利经虹膜缝线固定人工晶状体。术后1个月裸眼远视力均等于或高于术前最佳矫正远视力。术后1个月眼压均在正常范围内。术后人工晶状体位置3例(17.6%)偏心,无人工晶状体倾斜病例。术中前房出血2例,均为少量,于术后1周内吸收;角膜轻度水肿4例,均在术后1周内透明。术后4例瞳孔近圆形,未见脉络膜脱离及玻璃体积血等并发症发生。结论折叠式后房型人工晶状体经虹膜缝线固定术治疗无晶状体眼操作便捷,手术切口小,术中及术后并发症少,但远期效果有待进一步观察。     

Double-knot transscleral suture fixation technique for displaced intraocular lenses

PURPOSE: To describe a simplified new technique for repositioning and attaching a suture to the haptic of a displaced posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL). METHODS: We describe a double-knot technique for repositioning and transscleral suture fixation of a subluxed posterior chamber IOL after penetrating keratoplasty. Two 10-0 Prolene transscleral sutures on straight needles are passed around the IOL haptic, tied extraocularly, and used to secure the repositioned haptic of the IOL. A second knot ties the transscleral suture in the scleral bed, stabilizing the haptic in the ciliary sulcus. RESULTS: In the case described, the IOL was stable and well positioned 2 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: The double-knot technique for intraocular repositioning and transscleral suture fixation of displaced posterior chamber IOLs reduces the extensive intraocular manipulation and scleral incisions required for IOL exchange and may reduce chronic irritation associated with iris fixation.     

Management of dislocated foldable intraocular lenses

BACKGROUND: Foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs) have replaced rigid IOLs as the standard for cataract surgery. As with their predecessors, some foldable IOLs manifest dislocation. The applicability of techniques developed for dislocated rigid IOLs to dislocated foldable IOLs has not been widely studied. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of management techniques for dislocated foldable IOLs. DESIGN: Retrospective, interventional case study. RESULTS: Thirty-two eyes underwent repair including repositioning without scleral sutures (17 eyes), repositioning using scleral suture (8), and IOL exchange (7). IOL types included silicone plate IOLs (15 eyes), 3-piece acrylic IOLs (12), and others (5). The visual acuity outcomes and complication rates were similar for all IOL types and surgical techniques. CONCLUSION: With minimal modifications and a few important exceptions, previously reported techniques for management of dislocated IOLs, including repositioning with or without scleral suture fixation, may be applied effectively to many styles of foldable IOLs.     

Ultrasound biomicroscopy of haptic position after transscleral fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses

PURPOSE: To determine the haptic position of ab externo transsclerally fixated posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs) by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). SETTING: Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. METHODS: Ultrasound biomicroscopy was used to determine the haptic position in relation to the ciliary sulcus, iris, and ciliary body in 20 patients with transsclerally fixated PC IOLs. The patients ranged in age from 10 to 65 years. RESULTS: All IOL haptics were easily visualized and imaged by UBM. Of the 40 IOL haptics, 22 (55.0%) were located in the sulcus, 11 (27.5%) anterior to the sulcus, and 7 (17.5%) posterior to the sulcus region. CONCLUSIONS: Ab externo scleral fixation of PC IOLs is a blind procedure in most cases. Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed the difficulty in reliably placing the haptics in the ciliary sulcus using this technique. Thus, endoscopic visualization of the iridociliary angle during surgery is recommended.     

Modified haptic externalizing technique for repositioning dislocated 1-piece acrylic posterior chamber implants

BACKGROUND: To describe a novel vitreoretinal technique and the results of repositioning dislocated 1-piece acrylic posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PCIOL). METHODS: This retrospective study included 7 eyes of 7 patients (ages 41 to 82) who underwent repositioning surgery with vitreoretinal methodology for dislocated 1-piece acrylic PCIOL between 2003 and 2005. Repositioning surgery involved temporary haptic externalization via anterior sclerotomies and passing curved needles of 9-0 or 10-0 polypropylene sutures through soft distal knobs of haptics before reinternalization for sulcus fixation. RESULTS: All 7 repositioned PCIOL remained centered and stable after 12 to 28 months of follow-up (mean = 17.6 months). Mild anterior-posterior intraocular lens (IOL)-tilting developed in 1 eye, but the IOL remained centered and secured in the sulcus with good vision. One PCIOL was exchanged with an anterior chamber intraocular lens (ACIOL) 1 year after repositioning because of recurrent intraocular hemorrhage and cystoid macular edema. Preoperative best corrected Snellen visual acuity (BCVA) ranged from 20/40 to 5/200 (median = 20/70). Postoperative BCVA ranged from 20/20 to 20/200 (median = 20/40). Capsular defect was the cause of IOL dislocation for all cases. Four of 7 eyes (57.1%) had axial myopia. INTERPRETATION: This repositioning technique for dislocated all-acrylic PCIOL prevents suture slippage and allows secured sulcus fixation. Repositioned haptics should be sutured more than 1 mm from the limbus to avoid iris chafing.     

人工晶状体脱入玻璃体腔的手术处理方法

目的探讨人工晶状体完全脱位坠人玻璃体腔,手术过程中人工晶状体的捞取和固定的不同处理方法。方法回顾性分析8例（8只眼）人工晶状体完全脱人玻璃体腔者采用人工晶状体取出置换,原人工晶状体缝合固定,玻璃体腔内捞取人工晶状体不用重水等方法,观察手术疗效及并发症。结果人工晶状体脱位原因有晶状体悬韧带断裂,囊袋及人工晶状体脱位1例,囊膜不完整人工晶状体脱落6例,前房人工晶状体外伤后脱位1例。2例脱位人工晶状体摘出,置换缝合固定型人工晶状体;6例脱位的人工晶状体睫状沟缝合固定,脱位人工晶状体不摘出,减少摘出时扩大切口的创伤。结论脱位人玻璃体腔内的人工晶状体如植入不适当可取出置换,大部分脱位的人工晶状体可不摘出,行睫状沟缝合固定,能明显提高视力,减少并发症。     

Scleral fixation of a foldable intraocular lens

Scleral fixation has become more popular and is now performed by surgeons all over the world. At present, there are no available foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs) with holes that would enable tying a suture on to their haptic. We describe a method for using an available 3-piece acrylic foldable IOL with PMMA haptics for scleral fixation. This enables surgeons to benefit from the advantages of a small incision in cases when there is no need to exchange a previously implanted rigid IOL.     

无巩膜瓣锯齿状缝线技术固定人工晶状体脱位

目的：探讨无巩膜瓣无线结的巩膜层间锯齿状缝线技术（ZST）固定脱位人工晶状体（IOL）的临床疗 效。方法：回顾性病例研究。选择2011 年6 月至2016年12 月在台州市眼科医院收治的采用无巩膜瓣 无线结的巩膜层间ZST重新复位固定的IOL脱位者21例（21眼），其中不全脱位者15眼，全脱位者6眼。 术后2周、1个月、3个月及6个月定期随访。之后每12个月随访1次，共4～8次。观察分析患者术后 的IOL位置和稳定性、术后视力、眼压及并发症情况。结果：术后所有术眼IOL位置良好，无偏位或 IOL瞳孔夹持者，视力均较术前明显改善，眼压正常。随访期间，所有术眼IOL均在位居中，无偏位 和倾斜现象；未见IOL巩膜ZST固定处聚丙烯线头侵蚀暴露，无聚丙烯线滑脱及局部结膜充血或眼 内感染者；视力稳定良好，无高眼压或继发青光眼者。结论：无巩膜瓣无线结的巩膜层间ZST固定 脱位IOL效果良好，术后IOL固定牢固，无线结侵蚀暴露及眼内感染风险。     

Pars plana suture fixation for intraocular lenses dislocated into the vitreous cavity using a closed-eye cow-hitch technique

We describe a modified intraocular cow-hitch technique for pars plana suture fixation of intraocular lenses (IOLs) that dislocated into the vitreous cavity in 3 patients who had a 3-port vitrectomy and IOL implantation because of retinal disease. To reposition the dislocated IOL after the residual vitreous was removed, 2 additional sclerotomies for suture fixation were made 3.0 mm posterior to the limbus. A loop (cow-hitch knot) was made with 10-0 polypropylene for suture fixation. After the neck of the cow-hitch loop was grasped with an intraocular forceps, the loop was used to lasso a haptic of the dislocated IOL, which was then pulled forward to the sclerotomy. The same procedure was used for the other haptic, and both sutures were secured to the sclera under scleral flaps. In all patients, the dislocated IOLs were repositioned without the need for extraction. The procedures were uneventful. Pars plana suture fixation with the intraocular cow-hitch technique can be used to reposition an IOL that has dislocated into the vitreous cavity.     

玻璃体切除联合后房人工晶状体缝线固定术治疗晶状体脱位

目的探讨玻璃体切除联合后房型人工晶状体缝线固定术治疗晶状体脱位的临床效果。方法各种原因所致的晶状体脱位30例（全脱位11眼,不全脱位22眼,共33眼）,进行玻璃体切除及晶状体切除或晶状体摘出。其中7眼采用三通道睫状体平坦部入口,26眼采用角膜缘入口。30例（33眼）均同时行Ⅰ期睫状沟缝线固定后房人工晶状体植入术。术后随访时间2~24个月,平均9个月,观察术后视力及并发症等。结果术后视力提高31眼,视力不变2眼,术后均未发现严重并发症。结论玻璃体切除联合后房型人工晶状体缝线固定术是治疗晶状体脱位最为安全和有效的治疗方法。熟练的手术技巧和术中稳定的眼内压是手术成功的保证。     

Bilateral spontaneous anterior dislocation of intraocular lens with the capsular bag in a patient with pseudoexfoliation

We report a rare case of bilateral spontaneous anterior partial in-the-bag intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation in a 75-year-old man with pseudoexfoliation (PXF). He underwent uneventful phacoemulsification in both eyes with in-the-bag IOL implantation 9 years back. In the right eye, single piece poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) IOL (+19 D) and in the left eye, single piece acrylic foldable IOL (+19 D) were implanted. An attempt at pharmacological IOL repositioning was unsuccessful. The dislocated IOLs were explanted and exchanged with scleral suture fixated PMMA IOLs. Vision improved to 20/30 in both eyes following surgery, without any associated ocular morbidity. We believe that zonular weakness secondary to PXF, capsular contraction, and myopia together were the predisposing factors for partial anterior dislocation of IOLs and IOL exchange with scleral suture fixation of IOL is a safe and effective treatment option.     

Two-string technique to manage dislocated posterior chamber plate-haptic intraocular lens

We describe a technique for repositioning and transscleral fixation of a dislocated plate-haptic foldable collamer posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL). The displaced IOL was positioned in the anterior chamber, and a double-armed suture on a curved needle was fixed to the sclera at 10:30 o'clock. The needle then entered the globe and passed through the superior haptic eyelet of the IOL. Both were withdrawn through the scleral wound on the opposite side. The inferior haptic was fixed at 4:30 and 7:30 o'clock and provided the mirror reflection of the suture path of the upper fixed haptic. This technique may be a useful alternative to lens removal or exchange.