胸水ADA和CEA检测在胸腔积液中的鉴别诊断价值

目的探讨胸水腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)和癌胚抗原(CEA)检测在胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的价值。方法对61例恶性胸腔积液患者和84例结核性胸腔积液患者的ADA及CEA进行定量分析。结果结核性胸腔积液组中胸水ADA明显高于恶性胸腔积液组(P<0.01);而恶性胸腔积液组中胸水CEA明显高于结核性胸腔积液组(P<0.01)。根据ROC曲线选择合适的临界值,胸水ADA检测诊断结核性胸水的敏感性为84.5%,特异性为82.0%;胸水CEA检测诊断癌性胸水的敏感性为83.6%,特异性为92.9%。结论胸水ADA和胸水CEA检测对胸腔积液的诊断和鉴别诊断有一定的价值。     

胸水腺苷脱氨酶乳酸脱氢酶癌胚抗原对结核性胸膜炎和癌性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值探讨

目的：探讨胸腔积液中腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、癌胚抗原（CEA）对结核性胸膜炎和癌性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值。方法：检测所有胸腔积液患者胸液ADA、LDH、CEA ,分析52例已确诊为结核性胸膜炎（结核组）及54例癌性胸腔积液（恶性组）患者胸液ADA、LDH、CEA水平并进行比较。结果：结核组胸水ADA高于恶性组（P＜0．05）,CEA低于恶性组（P＜0．01）,差异非常显著。两组患者胸水LDH水平无明显差异。结论：胸水ADA、CEA对结核性胸膜炎和癌性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断有重要价值,LDH不能单独作为两者鉴别诊断的依据。     

胸水ADA及CEA检测对结核性、恶性胸腔积液的诊断价值

目的探讨胸水腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、癌胚抗原(CEA)检测对结核性和恶性胸腔积液的诊断价值。方法选择38例结核性胸膜炎患者作为结核组,选择35例恶性胸腔积液患者作为恶性胸腔积液组,分别检测两组患者胸腔积液ADA及CEA表达情况。结果结核组胸腔积液ADA的表达明显高于恶性胸腔积液组;而恶性胸腔积液组CEA表达明显高于结核性胸膜炎组,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论胸水ADA及CEA检测对结核性胸膜炎与恶性胸腔积液的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要意义。     

CEA、ADA和LDH检测在结核性胸腔积液的诊断价值

目的探讨胸水CEA、ADA、LDH的检测对结核性和恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断的价值。方法收集来我院住院确诊的结核性胸腔积液33例和恶性胸腔积液28例及61例漏出性胸腔积液进行CEA、ADA和LDH检测,并进行统计学分析。结果恶性胸腔积液CEA的含量明显高于结核性和漏出性胸腔积液（P〈0.05）有显著差异,结核性胸水的ADA含量均明显高于漏出性胸水组和恶性胸水组（P〈0.05）有显著差异,恶性胸腔积液的LDH含量明显高于漏出性胸水和结核性胸腔积液（P〈0.05）有显著差异。结论检测CEA、ADA、LDH可作为结核性、恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断提供较好的参考依据,且简单、安全,值得基层医院推广。     

恶性肿瘤相关物质及CEA的联合检测对鉴别结核性和恶性胸腔积液的临床价值

目的：探讨胸水中恶性肿瘤相关物质(TSGF)与癌胚抗原(CEA)联合检测对鉴别结核性和恶性胸腔积液的价值。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELlSA)测定14例结核性和40例恶性胸腔积液患者胸水TSGF和CEA的含量。结果：恶性胸腔积液患者胸水TSGF和CEA平均水平均高于结核性胸腔积液患者；TSGF诊断恶性胸腔积液中的敏感性为67．5％，特异性为85．7％，诊断符合率为72．2％；CEA的敏感性为57．5％，特异性为78．6％，诊断符合率为62．9％；联合检测胸水TSGF和CEA敏感性为93％，特异性为67．4％，诊断符合率为88．9％。结论：联合检测胸水中TSGF与CEA水平可提高对恶性胸腔积液诊断的敏感性与诊断效率；对于鉴别结核性和恶性胸腔积液具有重要价值。     

LDH、ADA、CEA、CA19—9测定对结核性胸水与恶性胸水的鉴别意义

目的：探讨胸水乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、腺苷脱氢酶（ADA）、癌胚抗原（CEA）、癌抗原（CA19—9）对结核性胸水与恶性胸水的鉴别意义。方法：检测55例结核性胸腔积液患者和35例癌性胸腔积液患者的胸水与血清LDH、ADA、CEA、CA19-9含量进行对比分析。结果：胸水ADA含量结核组明显高于恶性组（P〈0．01）,恶性组LDH、CEA、CA19-9含量均明显高于结核组（P〈0．05）;血清LDH、CEA含量恶性组与结核性组比较,差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）。血清ADA、CA19-9含量恶性组与结核性组比较,差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。结论：胸水与血清LDH、ADA、CEA、CA19-9含量对鉴别结核性及恶性胸腔积液有一定临床诊断价值。     

多项指标联合检测在胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的价值

目的：探讨癌胚抗原（CEA）、铁蛋白（FT）、C反应蛋白（CRP）和腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）检测在良、恶性胸腔积液诊断中的临床意义。方法：对31例结核性胸腔积液患者及37例恶性胸腔积液患者的胸腔积液进行CEA、FT、CRP、ADA联合检测,并进行统计学分析。结果：恶性胸腔积液CEA、FF水平显著高于结核组（P〈0．001）;结核性胸腔积液ADA值明显高于恶性胸液（P〈0．01）。结核性胸液CRP与恶性胸液CRP值无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：胸液CET、FF、CRP与ADA的联合检测对于鉴别结核性与恶性胸腔积液有重要临床应用价值。     

胸水ADA CEA LDH检测临床意义

目的:观察胸水ADA、CEA、LDH联合检测鉴别结核性胸膜炎及恶性肿瘤、漏出液及脓胸的临床意义。方法:采用生化分析法检测胸水中腺苷酸脱氨酶(ADA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH),采用化学发光法检测癌胚抗原(CEA)。结果:结核性胸腔积液中ADA测定结果明显高于恶性胸水中的含量,化脓性胸水ADA值高于非化脓性胸水,恶性胸水中CEA高于其他胸腔积液中的含量,漏出液中LDH低于其他胸腔积液中的含量。结论:胸腔积液联合测定ADA、CEA、LDH可提高诊断的敏感性、特异性和正确性。     

内皮抑素及癌胚抗原检测在良、恶性胸腔积液中的诊断价值

目的探讨胸水中内皮抑素（endostatin）与癌胚抗原（CEA）联合检测对鉴别结核性和恶性胸腔积液的价值。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定40倒结核性和38例恶性胸腔积液患者胸水内皮抑素和CEA的含量。结果恶性胸腔积液患者胸水内皮抑素和CEA平均水平均高于结核性胸腔积液患者;内皮抑素诊断恶性胸腔积液中的灵敏度为57．9％、特异性为81．5％,准确性为70．5％;CEA的灵敏度为52．6％、特异性为80．0％、准确性为66．7％;联合检测胸水内皮抑素和CEA灵敏度为97．4％、特异性为90．O％,准确性为93．6％。结论联合检测胸水中内皮抑素与CEA水平可提高对恶性胸腔积液诊断的敏感性与诊断效率;对于鉴别结核性和恶性胸腔积液具有重要价值。     

三种方法联合检测对结核性胸膜炎的诊断价值

目的 探讨胸水和血清ADA (腺苷脱氨酶)联合胸水抗结核抗体检测对结核性胸水的诊断价值.方法 对40例结核性胸腔积液和32例恶性胸腔积液患者血清ADA和胸水ADA以及胸水中抗结核抗体IgG进行检测.结果 结核性胸腔积液抗结核抗体TB-Ab阳性率为65%,胸水ADA>45U/L者34例,阳性率85%,显著高于恶性胸腔积液组.差异具有显著性(P<0.05).90%结核性胸膜炎患者胸水ADA/血清ADA比值>1.0.联合三种检测法敏感性及特异性可高达97.%和96.88%.结论 胸腔积液ADA水平和抗结核抗体检测联合胸水ADA/血清ADA比值的检测,对结核性胸膜炎的诊断有重要的临床价值,较单一测定胸水ADA可显著提高结核性胸膜炎的诊断率.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.