急性有机磷农药中毒患者肌钙蛋白I变化的临床意义

目的探讨血清肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）和心肌酶谱在诊断急性有机磷农药中毒（AOPP）患者心肌损伤时的应用价值及其临床意义。方法利用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）连续测定56例AOPP患者血清cTnI,免疫抑制法检测心肌酶谱水平,观察患者心脏功能改变。结果AOPP患者的血清cTnI和心肌酶谱均较对照组显著性升高（P〈0．05）,不同程度中毒患者血清cTnI和心肌酶谱值随病情加重而增加,但cTnI的敏感性和特异性均高于心肌酶谱。结论AOPP越重,血清cTnI值升高越显著,血清cTnI检测可以反映有机磷中毒患者的心肌损害,比心肌酶谱更有价值。     

血清肌钙蛋白在急性有机磷中毒心肌损伤评价中的临床意义

目的探讨血清肌钙蛋白T（cTnT）在诊断急性有机磷农药中毒（AOPP）患者心肌损伤时的应用价值及其临床意义。方法利用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）方法连续测定58例AOPP患者血清cTnT，免疫抑制法检测心肌酶谱水平，观察患者心脏功能改变。结果AOPP患者各时间点的血清cTnT和心肌酶谱均较对照组显著性升高（P〈0．05），不同程度中毒患者血清cTnT和心肌酶谱值随病情加重而增加，但cTnT的敏感性和特异性均高于心肌酶谱。结论AOPP越重，血清cTnT值升高越显著，血清cTnT检测可以反映有机磷中毒患者的心肌损害，比心肌酶谱更有价值。     

急性有机磷农药中毒患者肌钙蛋白Ⅰ变化的临床意义

目的 探讨血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)和心肌酶谱在诊断急性有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)患者心肌损伤时的应用价值及其临床意义.方法 利用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)连续测定56例AOPP患者血清cTnⅠ,免疫抑制法检测心肌酶谱水平,观察患者心脏功能改变.结果 AOPP患者的血清cTnⅠ和心肌酶谱均较对照组显著性升高(P<0.05),不同程度中毒患者血清cTnⅠ和心肌酶谱值随病情加重而增加,但cTnⅠ的敏感性和特异性均高于心肌酶谱.结论 AOPP越重,血清cTnⅠ值升高越显著,血清cTnⅠ检测可以反映有机磷中毒患者的心肌损害,比心肌酶谱更有价值.     

急性有机磷农药中毒心肌酶谱与病死率的相关性研究

目的:研究急性有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)患者心肌酶谱改变与病死率的关系。方法:将36例中重度急性有机磷农药中毒患者入院后记录心电图,于中毒后3日内抽查心肌酶谱,对死亡组与成活组心电图和心肌酶谱进行比较分析。结果:AOPP死亡组的心电图异常率明显高于成活组(P<0.01),心肌酶谱较成活组显著升高(P均<0.05)。结论:AOPP引起心肌损害,表现为心肌酶谱和心电图异常,且损害程度越大,心肌酶谱越高,病死率越高。     

有机磷农药急性中毒心脏损害的诊治

目的研究急性有机磷农药中毒（AOPP）患者心肌损害情况的诊断及其与中毒程度的关系，并探讨其治疗经验。方法85例记录心电图，轻、中度组中毒后3d内查血清心肌酶谱1次，重度组连续心电监护，并分别于中毒后第1、3、5,7天抽血查心肌酶谱。对照组抽血查心肌酶谱1次。除按有机磷农药中毒处理外，早期针对心脏损害进行治疗。结果心肌酶谱于中毒后逐渐升高，并随中毒程度加重而升高，中、重度组与对照组比较均具有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。心电图异常中重度组18例，中度组9例，轻度组4例，各组间比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论（1）监测心肌酶谱及心电图对及时诊断AOPP中毒性心肌损伤有重要的临床意义；（2）AOPP心肌酶升高与中毒严重程度有关，并随病情缓解呈恢复趋势；（3）早期针对心脏损害发生的不同机制采取不同的治疗对策。     

急性有机磷中毒患者肌钙蛋白I的变化及临床意义

目的:探讨血清肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)测定在诊断急性有机磷中毒(AOPP)患者心肌损伤时的应用价值及临床意义.方法:不同程度的AOPP患者52例,于中毒的第1、第2、第3、第5、第7天,测定血清cTnI、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的含量,按中毒的严重程度分为轻度、中度、重度中毒组,根据AOPP后心肌酶谱达峰值的第3天对上述项目进行比较分析,同时以cTnI与心肌酶谱各参数大于正常对照2SD为阳性,进行阳性率的比较.结果:AOPP患者血清cTnI在中毒后第2天～第3天达高峰,第7天还明显高于对照组(P＜0.01),但与中毒后第1天比较无统计学意义.中毒后第3天,不同程度的中毒患者血清cTnI和心肌酶谱值随病情的加重而增加,但cTnI的敏感度高于CK、CK-MB及LDH,其阳性率分别为96.2%、78.8%、84.6%和76.9%(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论:AOPP越重,血清cTnI值升高越显著;血清cTnI对有机磷农药中毒心肌损伤的诊断敏感性高,比心肌酶谱更有价值.     

97例急性有机磷农药中毒患者心脏损害监护

目的探讨急性有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)患者的心肌损害情况及其与中毒程度、预后的关系.方法97例记录心电图,轻、中度组中毒后3天内查血清心肌酶谱1次,重度组连续心电监护,并分别于中毒后第1、3、5、7天抽血查心肌酶谱.对照组抽血查心肌酶谱1次.结果心肌酶谱于中毒后逐渐升高,中毒后第3天达到高峰,随着病情好转,于中毒后第7天基本恢复正常.心肌酶谱活性随中毒程度加重而升高,中、重度中毒组与对照组间心肌酶谱各值比较具有显著性差异.心电图异常中重度组18例,中度组9例,轻度组7例,各组间比较有显著性差异.结论(1)AOPP常引起中毒性心肌损伤,导致心肌酶谱升高,心电图异常改变;(2)AOPP心肌酶升高与中毒严重程度有关,心肌酶水平极度升高,多示病情严重,预后欠佳.     

急性氟乙酰胺中毒患者血清心肌酶水平的变化

目的 探讨急性氟乙酰胺中毒患者心肌损害程度与血清心肌酶水平变化的关系。方法 对46例中毒患者血清心肌酶（CK,CK－MB,AST,LDH,α-HBDH)进行连续动态观察。结果 ①中毒患者入院第1天至第7天心肌酶测定值均显著高于正常对照组（P＜0．01）,并有规律性变化,第3,4d出现酶谱峰值,为正常对照组的8－10倍。其中以CK,CK－MB两酶变化最大、出现最早,且维持时间较长;②轻度中毒组与中、重度中毒组之间心肌酶测定均值差异有显著性（P＜0．01）。结论 急性氟乙酰胺中毒患者血清心肌酶水平显著增高,并且增高程度与中毒程度、病程发展密切相关,即中毒程度越重,心肌损害也越重。     

肌钙蛋白Ⅰ与心肌酶谱在急性有机磷中毒患者的评价作用

目的观察急性有机磷中毒中间综合征患者血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ（cTnI）及心肌酶谱的变化规律,评价其与心肌损伤的关系、临床意义及预后。方法不同程度的急性有机磷中毒患者63例,按中毒的程度分为轻中度、重度、中间综合征组,分别于中毒的第1、2、3、5、7d采集静脉血3ml,测定血清cTnI和心肌酶谱（CK、CK—MB、LDH、α—HBDH、AST）值。与正常对照组进行比较;同时在中毒的第3天对上述项目再进行比较分析。结果急性有机磷中毒患者血清cTnI和心肌酶谱值均有不同程度升高。血清cTnI在中毒后第2天迭高峰,第7天还明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）,随中毒程度加重,血清cTnI升高越明显,以中间综合征为著,且各组cTnI升高的幅度明显高于心肌酶谱。结论急性有机磷中毒中间综合征患者血清cTnI比心肌酶谱值在血液中升高的时问更早,升高的幅度更明显、持续的时间更长,更具有临床意义,对心肌损伤的早期诊断及预后判断具有更重要的价值。     

急性百草枯中毒患者的心肌酶谱动态变化的意义及其预后的判断

目的：探讨急性百草枯中毒患者心肌酶谱的动态变化及其预后判断。方法：对85例百草枯急性中毒组和55例正常对照组进行心肌酶谱的测定,根据正常对照组和中毒存活组、病死组的心肌酶谱的变化结果进行统计学分析。结果：百草枯急性中毒病死组在服毒剂量上显著高于存活组,在血清心肌酶谱测量值的动态变化上显著高于存活组。结论：百草枯中毒越重,心肌酶谱的水平升高越早越显著,短期预后越差。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.