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1.
[Purpose] The present study examined the effects of knee flexion angle on hip extensor
muscle activity. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty healthy subjects maintained knee flexion
angles of 0°, 30°, 60°, 90° and 110° in the prone position and performed maximal voluntary
contraction in hip extension. Maximum torque in hip extension at the different angles was
measured, and surface electromyogram activities of the gluteus maximus (GM), biceps
femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST) were recorded and normalized by the maximum voluntary
isometric contraction (MVIC). [Results] The maximum torque of the hip extensor showed
significant decreases between 0°and 60°, 90° and 110° of knee flexion. The muscle activity
of BF was significantly high at 0°, and GM showed a significantly higher activity than
both BF and ST at 60°, 90°and 110° of knee flexion. [Conclusion] The maximum torque in hip
extension and muscle activities of BF and ST were significantly high at 0° but they
decreased at knee flexion angles of more than 60°. Therefore, we consider that more than
60° of knee joint flexion is required to increase GM activity, and to reduce the muscle
activities of BF and ST.Key words: Gluteus maximus, Hamstring muscle, Prone hip extension 相似文献
2.
[Purpose] This study determined the change in lumbar position sense according to lumbar
angles in a flexion pattern (FP) subgroup of patients with non-specific chronic low back
pain (NCSLBP). [Subjects] Thirteen subjects with FP low back pain participated. [Methods]
The lumbar repositioning error (RE) of subjects was measured between a neutral starting
position and re-position phases at three angles, in sitting and standing upright
positions. [Results] Lumbar RE was significantly greater during lumbar flexion at a 30°
angle in the sitting position than in the other tasks. [Conclusion] In the flexion-related
subgroup, the lumbar RE measurement may be a more sensitive evaluation method using a
lumbar flexion angle of 30° while in the sitting position, compared with other angles in
sitting or standing positions.Key words: Flexion pattern, Low back pain, Repositioning error 相似文献
3.
Yuichiro Soma Hirotaka Mutsuzaki Tomokazu Yoshioka Shigeki Kubota Yukiyo Shimizu Akihiro Kanamori Masashi Yamazaki 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2021,33(1):84
[Purpose] The aim of this report was to describe the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of rehabilitation by knee extension and flexion training using the knee single-joint hybrid assistive limb in a patient after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. [Participant and Methods] A 33 year-old male underwent an arthroscopic procedure for anatomic single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a semitendinosus tendon autograft. Rehabilitation training using the knee single-joint hybrid assistive limb was initiated at postoperative week 18 and repeated weekly for 3 weeks. The patient performed five sets of the knee single-joint hybrid assistive limb-assisted knee-extension-flexion exercises per session at a frequency of 10 exercises/set. [Results] The peak extension torque at all velocities with the limb symmetry index was higher after the hybrid assistive limb intervention (post-intervention) than before using it (pre-intervention). Peak flexion torques at 60°/s and 300°/s of limb symmetry index were higher post-intervention than pre-intervention. The range of motion in extension and flexion improved from −2° (pre-intervention) to −1° (post-intervention) and from 124° to 133°, respectively. The Lysholm score increased from 58 (pre-intervention) to 94 (post-intervention). [Conclusion] The knee single-joint hybrid assistive limb can be used safely for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction training, without any adverse events. Our results indicate that the knee single-joint hybrid assistive limb training may improve muscle function, effectively overcoming dysfunction.Key words: The single-joint type hybrid assistive limb for the knee joint (knee HAL-SJ), Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, Muscle dysfunction 相似文献
4.
Toshiaki Seko Tsuneo Kumamoto Sayo Miura Takumi Kobayashi Yui Takahashi Ryousuke Kaneko Akira Morino Toshikazu Ito 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(7):2179-2182
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of
measurements of hip extensor muscle strength using a handheld dynamometer (HHD) with
subjects in a sitting position. In doing so, we also aimed to establish a modified method
of measurement for patients with flexion contractures in the trunk and lower extremities.
[Subjects and Methods] In 20 healthy males, hip extensor muscle strength was measured
using a handheld dynamometer in sitting, prone, and standing positions by contracting the
hip extensor muscle isometrically with the knee flexed at 90 degrees. For each position,
we investigated the relative and absolute reliability and validity of the measurements,
and compared muscle strength between the different positions. [Results] The reliability
and validity of measurements were highest in the sitting position and higher in both the
sitting and standing positions as compared with those in the prone position. [Conclusion]
Our findings suggest that measurements taken in a sitting position are accurate in
assessing hip extensor muscle strength and would be applicable to patients with flexion
contractures in the trunk and lower extremities.Key words: Hip extensor strength, Reliability, Bland-Altman analysis 相似文献
5.
Haroo Kim Boin Kim Jemyung Shim HaeYeon Kwon JuHyeon Jung 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(1):97-100
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the potential effects of resistance
exercise according to the positions of the arms and the rotation of the humerus on the
subhumeral acromial space. [Subjects] The study subjects were 34 subjects without shoulder
pain. [Methods] Ultrasonographic measurements of the acromiohumeral distance of the
subjects were made at three shoulder positions: 90° flexion, scaption at 90° abduction,
and 90° abduction in an upright sitting position. The subjects were instructed to
vertically push against a table to the maximum level with the humerus in internal,
neutral, and external rotation. The measurements were made three times in each position.
[Results] There was a significant difference in acromiohuneral distance between neutral
and internal rotation of the humerus, and between external rotation and internal rotation
of the humerus. In the scaption position, there was a significant difference between
neutral and internal rotation of the humerus, and between external rotation and internal
rotation of the humerus. In the 90° flexion position, there was a significant difference
between neutral and internal rotation, and between neutral and external rotation. There
was a significant difference between the flexion position and the abduction position, and
between the flexion position and the scaption position. In terms of the internal rotation
of the humerus, there was a significant difference between 90° flexion and 90° abduction.
[Conclusion] These findings can be applied in exercises prescribed to increase the
acromiohumeral distance and to aid the treatment and evaluation of shoulder
dysfunctions.Key words: Ultrasonographic, Acromiohumeral distance, Humeral rotation 相似文献
6.
Sang-Yeol Lee 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(3):549-550
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to analyze muscle activation during hip flexion
in the supine position to examine the activation characteristics of the rectus abdominis
and rectus femoris. [Subjects] The subjects of this study were 20 healthy adults (10 males
and 10 females). [Methods] Muscle activities of the rectus abdominis and rectus femoris
while raising the leg from 0°–60° were measured in 15-degree divisions and their ratio was
calculated. [Results] Statistically significant differences were found in the muscle
activities of the rectus femoris and rectus abdominis were found among each division of
during hip flexion in the supine position. The rectus abdominis and rectus femoris ratios
increased as the angle of hip flexion increased. [Conclusion] During hip flexion from
0°–45° in the supine position, femur motion caused hip flexion. At angles greater than or
equal to 45° hip flexion was accompanied by pelvic motion.Key words: Hip flexion, Leg raise, Muscle activities 相似文献
7.
Yong-Jun Cha 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(9):1465-1467
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine which ankle position most influences
knee extensor strength in training programs for strengthening the knee extensors using
three different active ankle positions. [Subjects] Twenty-one healthy adults (6 males and
15 females) participated in this study. [Methods] Subjects were trained isokinetically in
knee extension and flexion at 70 or 80% of 1RM under three actively and naturally fixed,
contracted ankle conditions: dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, and resting position. After
each group successfully executed the training four times a week for three weeks, mean peak
torque (PT) and total work (TW) variables were measured and compared at 60°/sec and
180°/sec among the three groups. [Results] Significant differences were revealed in knee
extensor TW at 60°/sec, PT and TW at 180°/sec, with the greatest PT and TW observed with
the ankle in active dorsiflexion position. [Conclusion] These results suggest that active
ankle dorsiflexion in a knee strength training program may be more effective at increasing
knee extensor strength than a resting or plantarflexion position.Key words: Ankle position, Knee extensor strength, Isokinetic training 相似文献
8.
Nicola Lovecchio Matteo Zago Luciana Sciumè Maurizio Lopresti Chiarella Sforza 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(7):2409-2412
[Purpose] This study evaluated a specific rehabilitation protocol using a half squat
after total knee reconstruction with distal femur megaprosthesis and tibial
allograft-prosthesis composite. [Subject and Methods] Squat execution was recorded by a
three-dimensional system before and after a specific rehabilitation program on a
28-year-old patient. Squat duration, body center of mass trajectory, and vertical range of
motion were determined. Step width and joint angles and symmetry (hip flexion, extension,
and rotation, knee flexion, and ankle dorsal and plantar flexion) were estimated. Knee and
hip joint symmetry was computed using a bilateral cyclogram technique. [Results] After
rehabilitation, the squat duration was longer (75%), step width was similar, and vertical
displacement was higher. Hip flexion increased by over 20%, and ankle dorsiflexion
diminished by 14%. The knee had the highest symmetry gain (4.1–3.4%). Angle-angle plot
subtended areas decreased from 108° to 40°2 (hip) and from 204° to
85°2 (knee), showing improvement in movement symmetry. [Conclusion] We
concluded that the squat is an effective multifactorial exercise to estimate
rehabilitation outcomes after megaprosthesis, also considering that compressive and shear
forces are minimal up to 60–70° of knee flexion.Key words: Knee prosthesis, Half-squat, Knee ROM 相似文献
9.
[Purpose] This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the distance measurements in the Star Excursion Balance Test and participants’ posture and lower limb muscle strength. [Participants and Methods] Nine healthy male college students participated in this study. Star Excursion Balance Test distance was measured in both lower limbs by performing anterior, posterolateral, and posteromedial trials; measuring the maximum reach; and performing three-dimensional motion analysis to determine the posture at maximum reach. Isokinetic muscle strength for knee flexion/extension, hip flexion/extension, and hip adduction/abduction were measured using an isokinetic machine. [Results] The hip extension strength, reach side ankle dorsiflexion angles, stance side knee flexion, reach side knee flexion, and knee flexion strength were selected as significant explanatory variables in the anterior direction. For the posteromedial direction, hip adduction and hip extension strength, reach side hip flexion angle, and stance side hip flexion angle were selected. For the posterolateral direction, reach side knee flexion angle and stance side ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion strength and reach side hip flexion angle were selected. [Conclusion] The related factors differed between the dominant and non-dominant legs even in the same reach direction. 相似文献
10.
[Purpose] An ankle-foot-orthosis (AFO) is an assistive brace that allows stroke patients
to achieve an independent gait. Therefore, we examined whether or not the orthotic angle
for plantar flexion limitation affects the kinematic parameters of the hip and knee joints
on the affected side of patients with stroke. [Subjects and Methods] Fifteen patients with
chronic hemiplegia were recruited for this study. Kinematic three-dimensional data was
acquired, while patients walked along a walkway wearing AFOs under five different
conditions of 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, and 20° of plantar stop limitation angle in the orthotic
joint. Peak angles of the hip and knee joints on the affected side were analyzed.
[Results] At the peak angle of the knee joint, statistically significant differences were
found only at mid-stance in the sagittal plane and the horizontal plane. However, no
significant differences were observed among any of the orthotic limitation angles in the
frontal plane. [Conclusion] According to the results, an orthotic limitation angle of more
than 10° elicits changes in the knee joint angle at mid-stance in the sagittal and
horizontal planes. This study provided basic data on postural changes of patients with
stroke.Key words: Stroke, Ankle-foot-orthosis, Gait 相似文献
11.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to identify the effects of initial position of the
hip joint with changes in the hip joint angle on the respective muscle activities of the
bilateral erector spinae (ES), unilateral gluteus maximus (GM), and biceps femoris (BF)
and the amount of pelvic anterior tilt during prone hip extension (PHE). [Subjects]
Fifteen healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. [Methods] The subjects performed
PHE in three positions: neutral, 20°, and 45° flexed hip joint. The activities of the ES,
GM, and BF were measured using surface electromyography, and kinematic values for pelvic
anterior tilt were calculated using a motion capture system. [Results] There was a
significant decrease in muscle activity of the contralateral ES at 45°, and an increase in
the GM muscle activity and decrease in the BF muscle activity at 20°. The amount of pelvic
anterior tilt was lower at 20°. [Conclusion] These results suggest that a hip flexion
position of 20° would have an advantage over the other measured positions.Key words: Electromyography, Joint position, Prone hip extension 相似文献
12.
Ji-Woong Noh Byoung-Sun Park Mee-Young Kim Lim-Kyu Lee Seung-Min Yang Won-Deok Lee Yong-Sub Shin Ju-Hyun Kim Jeong-Uk Lee Taek-Yong Kwak Tae-Hyun Lee Ju-Young Kim Jaehong Park Junghwan Kim 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(10):3223-3226
[Purpose] The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the muscle conditions such as
the isokinetic muscle of Korean ssireum athletes. [Subjects and Methods] This study
enrolled 25 elite ssireum athletes. We measured body composition and peak torque at an
angular speed at 60°/s using an isokinetic muscle strength dynamometer. [Results] The lean
body mass of the left upper limb was significantly higher than that of the right upper
limb. However, the lean body mass of the left lower limb was significantly lower than that
of the right lower limb. The peak torque for left elbow flexion was significantly higher
than that for right elbow flexion. Conversely, the peak torque for left elbow extension
was significantly lower than that for right elbow extension. Furthermore, the peak torque
for the left knee was significantly lower than that for the right knee for both flexion
and extension. [Conclusion] The data from this study elucidate in part the muscle
conditions of Korean ssireum athletes, which can be used to establish a reference for the
scientific study of sports physiotherapy.Key words: Isokinetic muscle strength, Ssireum athletes, Sports physiotherapy 相似文献
13.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the amount of plantar pressures on
the lower limb during tilt table standing and to indicate the ideal degree of tilting for
partial weight bearing. [Subjects and Methods] Fifteen healthy subjects between the ages
of 20 and 30 were recruited as volunteers for this study. All the measurements were taken
while standing on a tilt table according to different inclination angles. [Results] The
plantar pressures for 60° tilt table standing were lower by 7–9% of total body weight than
the pressures during tilt table standing at 90°, and the pressures for 30° tilt table
standing were lower by 18–20% of total body weight than the pressures for tilt table
standing at 90°. [Conclusion] Standing training on a 60° tilt table might be equivalent to
80% of full weight bearing training, and tilt table standing training at 30° might be
equivalent to 60% of full weight bearing training.Key words: Tilt table standing, Partial weight bearing, Standing training 相似文献
14.
15.
[Purpose] This study aimed to examine changes in lower extremity kinematics in the
sagittal plane during downward squatting by subjects with pronated feet. [Subjects and
Methods] This study selected 10 subjects each with normal and pronated feet using a
navicular drop test. The subjects performed downward squatting, in which the knee joints
flex 90° in a standing position. We recorded the angles of the hip, knee, and ankle joint
in the sagittal plane through motion analysis. For the analysis, the squatting phase was
divided into phase 1 (initial squat), phase 2 (middle squat), and phase 3 (terminal squat)
according to the timing of downward squatting. [Results] In the pronated foot group
comparison with the normal group, the hip joint flexion angle decreased significantly in
phases 2 and 3. The dorsiflexion angle of the ankle joint increased significantly in phase
3. The flexion angle of the knee joint did not differ between groups in any of the phases.
[Conclusion] The pronated foot group utilized a different squat movement strategy from
that of the normal foot group in the sagittal plane.Key words: Pronated foot, Kinematics, Squat 相似文献
16.
Qiuchen Huang Kuei-Yuan Wang Lili Yu Yue Zhou Rui Gu Yao Cui Chunying Hu Meng Ge Yanfeng Xu Jianfeng Liu 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(12):3907-3909
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the immediate effects of strength
training and neuromuscular joint facilitation (NJF) distal resistance training on muscle
strength and proprioception. [Subjects] The subjects were 15 young healthy people
(29.3±4.1 y, 166.8±7.1 cm, 62.4 ± 11.6 ky). [Methods] Two isometric contraction techniques
were applied on the elbow joint: elbow joint flexion muscle strength training (MST) and
the elbow joint flexion pattern of NJF. Muscle strength (measured by surface
electromyography [sEMG]) and joint position errors of the left upper limb were measured
before and after one intervention session of MST and NJF. [Results] The decrease in error
in elbow flexion angle repetition represented the improvement resulting from NJF. sEMG of
the biceps brachii showed significant increases in the maximum discharge and average
discharge after the intervention. [Conclusion] This result suggests that elbow joint
proprioception and muscle strength can be improved by NJF together with proximal
resistance training.Key words: Neuromuscular joint facilitation, Joint position error, Elbow joint proprioception 相似文献
17.
Minoru Murayama 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2021,33(4):322
[Purpose] We aimed to evaluate knee joint movement and muscle activity ratio changes in stroke hemiplegic patients in recovery phase after using a knee-ankle-foot orthosis with an adjustable knee joint for 1 month; we also aimed to discuss the practical implications of our findings. [Participants and Methods] The participants were 8 hemiplegic patients in the recovery phase of stroke who were prescribed knee-ankle-foot orthosis with adjustable knee joint. We measured knee joint angles and electromyographic activity of the vastus medialis and biceps femoris during walking in two conditions: the knee-ankle-foot orthosis knee joint fixed in the extended position and the knee joint moved from 0° to 30° in the flexion direction. Measurements were taken 2 weeks after completion to account for habituation of the orthosis and repeated 1 month later. [Results] When the knee joint was moving from 0° to 30° in the flexion direction, the knee joint angle at initial contact and the minimum flexion angle of the gait cycle decreased significantly between the first and second measurements. When knee joint flexion was 30°, the muscle activity ratio of the vastus medialis increased significantly in the loading response and mid-stance compared to when it was fixed. [Conclusion] Setting the knee joint of a knee-ankle-foot orthosis in accordance with the knee joint movement may increase the muscle activity ratio of the vastus medialis from loading response to mid-stance.Key words: Stroke, Electromyography, Knee-ankle-foot orthosis 相似文献
18.
Lisa T. Hoglund Anson L. K. Wong Cory Rickards 《International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy》2014,9(1):58-67
Purpose/Background:
Hip external rotator (ER) and internal rotator (IR) muscle weakness is theorized to be associated with lower extremity injury in athletes including knee ligament tears and patellofemoral pain. Previous studies investigating hip musculature strength have utilized various sagittal plane hip positions for testing. The relationship between results at these different positions is unknown.Methods:
Eighty healthy, pain‐free young adults participated in the study: 40 female, mean age 22.90 (± 2.32) years, and 40 male, mean age 23.50 (± 2.15) years. Peak isometric torque of bilateral hip ER and IR were tested at 90° and 0° of hip flexion with an instrumented dynamometer. Peak muscle forces were calculated. Peak forces were normalized by body mass. Mean normalized force was calculated for dominant and non‐dominant limbs for ER and IR in both positions. Male and female data were analyzed separately with paired t‐tests (2‐tailed). Reference values for average muscle force and torque were calculated for dominant and non‐dominant limbs for both hip positions.Results:
Hip IR normalized peak force was greater at 90° compared to 0° flexion position bilaterally in both genders (p < .01). Hip ER normalized peak force was greater at 90° compared to 0° flexion in dominant limbs of both genders and in non‐dominant limbs of males (p < .01). Non‐dominant hip ER normalized force in females was greater at 90° versus 0° flexion; however, it was not significant (p = .092). Post hoc analysis of normalized average force (average over 5‐second contraction) yielded similar results.Conclusion:
Clinicians and researchers should use consistent positioning for testing of hip ER and IR strength. This will improve certainty of determining if a patient’s strength has changed or if differences between groups are present. Reference values reported will be useful in order to determine if weakness is present and to set goals, particularly in cases of bilateral involvement.Level of Evidence:
2b 相似文献19.
Dimitrios Kazakos Alexandros Liapis Konstantinos Mylonas Pavlos Angelopoulos Anastasios Koubetsos Elias Tsepis Konstantinos Fousekis 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2020,32(11):706
[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ergon® instrument-assisted softtissue mobilization of the upper and lower midpoints of the Deep Front Line (DFL) on hip abduction range of motion (ROM). [Participants and Methods] Forty healthy adults (29.3 ± 6.3 years; height: 175.8 ± 7.4 cm; weight: 77.2 ± 9.2 kg) were randomly divided into two groups and received a single 15-minute Ergon treatment in the upper midpoint (scalene muscles) and the lower midpoint of the DFL (hip adductors) on their dominant side. The non-dominant hip served as a control. Pre-and post-therapy active and passive hip abduction ROM at 0° and 90° flexion was examined using a goniometer. [Results] In both experimental groups, active and passive hip abduction ROM on the treated side improved significantly compared to the control side. Scalene treatment led to significantly greater improvement in active hip abduction ROM at 0° and 90° and in passive ROM at 90° compared to local hip adductor treatment. [Conclusion] The application of the Ergon technique on remote parts of the DFL may lead to a significant increase in hip abduction ROM compared to local hip adductors treatment.Key words: Hip, Deep Front Line, IASTM 相似文献
20.
Taewook Kang Youngjoon Seo Jaehoon Park Eunseok Dong Byungdo Seo Dongwook Han 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2013,25(9):1133-1136
[Purpose] This research investigated the effect of angular variation of flexion of the
elbow joint on the muscle activation of elbow flexor muscles. [Subjects] The research
subjects were 24 male college students with a dominant right hand who had no surgical or
neurological disorders and gave their prior written consent to participation with full
knowledge of the method and purpose of this study. [Methods] The subjects'' shoulder joints
stayed in the resting position, and the elbow joint was positioned at angles of 55°, 70°,
and 90°. The angle between the pulley with weights and forearm stayed at 90°. Surface
electromyography was used to measure muscle activities. Three measurements were made at
each elbow angle, and every time the angle changed, two minutes rest was given. [Result]
The muscle activities of the elbow flexors showed significant changes with change in the
elbow joint angle, except for the biceps brachii activities between the angles of 55° and
70° of elbow flexion. The muscle activities of the biceps brachii and brachioradialis
showed angle-related changes in the order of 55°, which showed the biggest value, followed
by 70° and 90°. [Conclusion] In order to improve muscle strength of the elbow flexor using
a pulley system, it seems more effective to have a 90° angle between the pulley with
weights and the forearm when the muscle is stretched to a length 20% greater than its
resting position.Key words: Pulley with weight exercise, Joint angle, Muscle activation 相似文献