肾脏原发性恶性淋巴瘤(附三例报告)

目的 探讨肾脏原发性恶性淋巴瘤的临床特点。方法 总结3例肾脏原发性恶性淋巴瘤患者临床诊治资料，结合文献讨论其发病特点，影像学特征，治疗和预后。结果 3例患者中手术治疗2例，术后行化疗和放疗，l例病理确诊后单纯行化疗，3例病理均诊断为非霍奇金淋巴瘤(弥漫型)。l例术后1年3个月死于肾衰；另2例分别存活1年和2年1个月，仍在随访中。结论 肾脏原发性恶性淋巴瘤影像学征象与肾细胞癌相似，治疗应根据组织学分型、分期及肿瘤大小，采取手术联合化疗及放疗。     

肾脏和睾丸原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤(附八例报告)

目的探讨泌尿生殖系原发性恶性淋巴瘤的临床特点。方法总结１９８０～１９９７年收治肾脏和睾丸原发性恶性淋巴瘤共８例,其中肾脏２例,睾丸６例,病理类型均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤。结果全部患者均手术治疗,术后１例行化疗和放疗,２例行单纯放疗,５例单纯化疗。２例生存已超过３年和２年。结论对肾脏和睾丸原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤应积极采取手术治疗,术后辅以化疗、放疗,以提高生存率     

原发性肾脏淋巴瘤1例报道并文献复习

目的：探讨原发性肾脏淋巴瘤的临床特征、影像学特点、治疗方法及预后。方法回顾性分析1例原发性肾脏淋巴瘤患者的临床资料,结合相关文献资料探讨肾脏原发性淋巴瘤的临床表现、影像学特点、治疗方法及预后。结果1例影像学诊断肾癌患者行根治性肾切除,术后病理诊断低度恶性B细胞淋巴瘤,术后给予化疗,随访12个月,患者生活状况良好。结论原发性肾脏淋巴瘤是比较罕见的肾脏原发肿瘤,患者早期无不适症状,早期较难诊断,影像学特点与肾癌极为相似,往往误诊为肾癌,确诊主要靠病理诊断。手术切除原发灶及化疗是治疗肾脏原发性淋巴瘤的最佳治疗方案。     

原发性肾脏淋巴瘤2例报道并文献复习

目的探讨原发性肾脏淋巴瘤的临床特点。方法总结2例原发性肾脏淋巴瘤患者的临床资料,结合文献讨论其发病特点、影像学特征、治疗及预后。结果 2例患者均实施手术加化疗,病理诊断均为非何杰金淋巴瘤,1例死于术后2月,另1例已存活1年,仍在随访中。结论原发性肾脏淋巴瘤是一种罕见的恶性淋巴瘤,影像学征象与肾细胞癌相似,以成人发病为主,易误诊为肾癌,病理类型多为B细胞来源的非何杰金淋巴瘤,综合治疗是延长生存的较好方式。     

原发性肾脏恶性淋巴瘤（附3例报告）

目的 探讨肾脏原发性恶性淋巴瘤的临床特点。方法 总结3例肾脏原发性恶性淋巴瘤患者临床资料，结合文献复习讨论其发病特点、影像学特征、治疗及预后。结果 3例患者中手术活检加化疗1例，手术切除加化疗1例，术前化疗加手术切除加术后化疗1例。3例均诊断为非何杰金淋巴瘤，1例死于肾衰，另2例分别存活38个月和8个月，仍在随访中。结论 肾脏原发性恶性淋巴瘤影像学征象与肾细胞癌相似，肾脏包膜或包膜下弥漫浸润被认为是原发性肾恶性淋巴瘤的特征性表现，通过经皮穿刺活检可明确诊断，治疗应根据组织学分型、分期及肿瘤大小，采取手术联合化疗及放疗。     

原发性肺淋巴瘤的临床诊断和外科治疗

目的 探讨原发性肺淋巴瘤的临床特点、诊断和外科治疗的原则。方法回顾分析10例原发性肺淋巴瘤的临床资料。8例为非霍奇金淋巴瘤（B细胞型）,2例为霍奇金病（混合细胞型）。肿瘤位于左上肺2例,左下肺1例,右上肺3例,右中肺3例,右下肺1例。临床症状多为咳嗽和（或）咯血,影像学（胸部X线和CT检查）表现类似于原发性肺癌。所有患者纤维支气管镜检查未发现异常。8例术前根据影像学表现误诊为原发性肺癌,仅2例经皮肤肺穿刺活检行病理检查诊断为原发性肺淋巴瘤。所有患者均接受肺切除术和同侧肺门及纵隔淋巴结清除,术后2例霍奇金病患者分别行MOPP方案（氮芥、长春新碱、丙卡巴肼和泼尼松）和ABVD方案（阿霉素、博莱霉素、长春花碱和达卡巴嗪）化学治疗（化疗）;8例非霍奇金淋巴瘤行CHOP方案（环磷酰胺、阿霉素、长春新碱和泼尼松）化疗,其中3例行放射治疗。结果至随访时,6例非霍奇金淋巴瘤（ⅠE期3例,Ⅱ1E期2例,Ⅱ2E W期1例）手术后已经存活18～42个月,2例非霍奇金淋巴瘤（Ⅱ2E期,低度恶性B淋巴细胞型）和2例霍奇金病（ⅠE期和Ⅱ2E期各1例,混合细胞型）分别在手术后24,32,8和17个月死亡。结论原发性肺淋巴瘤缺乏特异性表现,手术前准确诊断比较困难。治疗选择手术治疗和手术后放射治疗、正规全身化疗的综合治疗。     

乳腺原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤病理特点与预后分析

目的 研究乳腺原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床病理特点与预后.方法 对中国医学科学院肿瘤医院1999-2008年23例乳腺原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床资料进行分析,复习病史、治疗经过和随访资料.结果 弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤11例,黏膜相关边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤伴大细胞转化5例,小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤5例,自然杀伤细胞(NK)/T细胞淋巴瘤1例,Burkitt淋巴瘤1例.肿物切除20例,乳腺改良根治手术3例.9例手术后化疗,6例手术后化疗和放疗,1例化疗缓解后造血干细胞移植.21例随访3～62个月,17例存活,4例死亡,2例失访.12例有复发和进展.结论 乳腺原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤最常见的组织学类型是弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤.肿瘤切除术加放疗和(或)化疗是主要治疗方法 ,预后差,易于复发.     

原发性膀胱非霍奇金淋巴瘤1例报告并文献复习

目的:探讨原发性膀胱非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)的病因、病理、临床表现、诊断与治疗及预后。方法:回顾性分析我院收治的1例原发性膀胱NHL患者的临床资料,并结合文献进行探讨。结果:患者以肉眼血尿为主要症状,行手术切除,病理及免疫组织化学证实为NHL,术后辅助以化疗及放疗。结论:原发性膀胱NHL十分罕见,高度恶性,以肉眼血尿为最常见的临床症状,FDG-PET及CT对诊断有一定作用,确诊需要病理及免疫组织化学检查,治疗主要以手术切除并辅助术后放疗、化疗,并需定期复查,预后差。     

原发性睾丸非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床分析

目的:探讨原发性睾丸非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床诊断与治疗。方法:回顾性分析9例原发性睾丸非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者的临床资料,并结合文献进行讨论。结果:9例患者年龄46～75岁,中位年龄62岁,均为单侧发病,其中左侧5例,右侧4例;临床分期为Ⅰ期8例,Ⅱ期1例;首发症状为睾丸无痛性肿大;所有患者均接受睾丸切除术,病理类型均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤,B细胞性8例,T细胞性1例;术后3例仅行(CHOP方案)药物化疗且6个疗程,5例行化疗后又行放疗,1例化放疗均未行;术后平均随访27个月,3例死亡,其余均存活。结论:原发性睾丸非霍奇金淋巴瘤较少见,预后多不佳,睾丸根治性切除术联合术后CHOP药物全身化疗、预防性鞘内注射和对侧睾丸预防性放疗的综合治疗措施有助于减少复发。     

原发性睾丸或阴茎非霍奇金淋巴瘤5例临床分析

目的:探讨男性生殖系统非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床诊断与治疗。方法:回顾性分析5例男性生殖系统原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床资料,其中原发于睾丸4例,原发于阴茎1例,并结合文献进行讨论。结果:5例患者均行手术治疗,病理类型均为非霍奇金淋巴瘤,术后3例行化疗,2例行放疗加化疗(原发于睾丸1例,原发于阴茎1例)。术后平均随访25个月,1例死亡,其余均存活。结论:男性生殖系统非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床症状不典型,多发生于老年,预后较差,确诊主要依靠组织病理学及免疫组化,治疗宜采取手术联合放疗及化疗。     

Primary mediastinal lymphoma; a clinicopathologic case series

Treatment for primary mediastinal lymphoma generally involves chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and treatment regimens depend on histologic subtypes of lymphoma. The histologic subtype of lymphoma is mostly determined by computed tomography (CT)-guided core-needle biopsy or surgical procedures, including thoracotomy, thoracoscopy and mediastinoscopy. We describe the clinicopathologic features and diagnostic procedures of 8 cases of primary mediastinal lymphoma. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1, and median age at diagnosis was 27 years. The median size of the primary mediastinal tumor on CT was 8.5 cm. Five patients were diagnosed by CT-guided core-needle biopsy, 1 by open biopsy and 2 by surgery. Three patients were diagnosed with nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma, 3 with mediastinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 1 with precursor T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma and 1 with thymic extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma. According to their histological subtypes, 5 patients were treated with chemoradiotherapy, 2 patients with chemotherapy and 1 patient of thymic extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma with surgery alone. All patients survived in the median follow-up of 34.5 months. Appropriate biopsy procedure should be performed in patients with suspected mediastinal lymphoma.     

Lymphoma of the kidney: Primary or initial manifestation of rapidly progressive systemic disease?

Primary renal lymphoma is a controversial and rare disease. There is no agreement whether or not it is an initial manifestation of a rapidly systemic disease. Most reported cases are questionable because of incomplete staging and lack of autopsy studies. Herein, we present a 7l-year-old woman, initially diagnosed with primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the kidney, but was lost 4 months after radical nephrectomy due to systemic disease despite aggressive chemotherapy, and suggest that, the kidney of the patient was the initial presenting site of a rapidly progressive systemic disease.     

肾脏原发性淋巴瘤一例报告并文献复习

目的 提高肾脏原发性淋巴瘤的诊治水平.方法 回顾性分析1例肾脏原发性淋巴瘤患者的临床病理资料,结合文献复习讨论.患者,女,61岁.因左侧腰痛2周入院.查体:左上腹压痛,左肾区叩击痛.B超检查见左肾正常结构未显示,集合系统分离,最宽处约1.0 cm,左肾区可探及一巨大低回声肿物,大小9.7cm×5.3cm,边界模糊.CT检查见左肾中下极肿物,大小9.8 cm×8.9 cm ×8.8 cm,边界不清,平扫CT值为39 HU,增强后为61 HU,强化不明显.术前诊断:左肾恶性肿瘤.结果 患者行根治性左肾切除术.病理报告:左肾大部分被肿瘤组织占据,中下极见10.0cm×9.5 cm ×8.5 cm类圆形肿物,质硬,肿物切面呈灰白色,质地细腻.镜下瘤细胞呈弥漫性浸润,卵圆形或多边形,略大于正常淋巴细胞,核大深染呈不规则形.病理诊断:肾弥漫性大B细胞性淋巴瘤.骨髓穿刺检查未见异常.行环磷酰胺+吡喃阿霉素+长春新碱+泼尼松+利妥昔单抗方案化疗6周期.术后每3个月复查胸部X线片、腹部B超及CT等.随访20个月,未见肿瘤复发.结论 肾脏原发性淋巴瘤临床罕见,症状与肾癌相似,影像学检查无特征性改变,确诊需依靠病理学检查.本病预后不良,手术切除患肾联合规范的全身化疗,可延长患者的生存期.     

PRIMARY CEREBRAL LYMPHOMA: AN ARGUMENT FOR THE USE OF ADJUNCTIVE SYSTEMIC CHEMOTHERAPY

Eleven patients with primary cerebral lymphoma were treated at a single institution over a 5 year period. Patient characteristics were typical of this rare disease. One patient died prior to receiving treatment and of the remaining 10, all received cranial irradiation and in addition, five received systemic cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP) chemotherapy. Of the six patients who are alive and disease-free, five received the combined modality therapy. The median survival for those patients receiving cranial irradiation alone was 18 months and for the combined modalities was 25+ months. Combination systemic chemotherapy, in addition to cerebral irradiation, may convey a survival benefit in patients with primary cerebral lymphoma but this requires further investigation with multicentre, prospective randomized trials.     

Primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type lymphoma arising in the kidney

Abstract:   We report a case of primary low-grade lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arising from the kidney in a 30-year-old man with an abdominal mass in the right flank detected by ultrasonography. Radical nephrectomy was performed under a preliminary diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. The final histological diagnosis was MALT-type lymphoma. To the best of our knowledge, only five reports of primary MALT-type lymphoma in the kidney have been published in the literature so far. All cases were surgically treated and only one case went on to chemotherapy postoperatively.     

Pulmonary aspergillosis masquerading as progressive post-transplant lymphoma

We report a patient with post-transplant lymphoma who was treated by renal allograft nephrectomy, discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy, and initiation of acyclovir administration. Despite these measures he appeared to have progressive lymphoma. Had a biopsy and cultures not been done, the diagnosis of aspergillosis would have been missed and the patient might have been treated with chemotherapy, with a potentially lethal outcome. Data from the Cincinnati Transplant Tumor Registry indicate that of 662 patients treated for post-transplant lymphoma, 277 patients died of cancer and 137 died of other causes, of which infection was a major factor. This case emphasizes the importance of proper work-up of patients with apparently progressive lymphomas.     

原发性膀胱恶性淋巴瘤1例报告并文献复习

目的:探讨原发性膀胱恶性淋巴瘤(PMLB)的临床和病理特点,提高对该病的认识和诊治水平。方法:回顾性分析1例PMLB患者的临床病理资料,复习相关文献并讨论其发病特点、影像学特征、治疗及预后。结果:患者行经尿道膀胱肿瘤切检术,术后病理检查确诊为PMLB(弥漫性大B细胞型)。术后给予R-CHOP方案化疗4个疗程,患者一般情况良好,已存活6个月,目前仍在随访中。结论:PMLB是一种罕见的膀胱肿瘤,组织病理学检查是确诊该病的"金标准"。PMLB的最佳治疗方式及预后尚不明确,以化疗为主,辅以放疗、手术治疗的综合治疗临床应用较广泛。针对局部晚期或高恶性度的肿瘤,单纯化疗通常疗效满意。